Information

Evaluation
How to Determine Credible
Sources of Information
Where do you look for information?
● Scholarly
● Google
● Books
● Social Media (Facebook, Youtube, Twitter)
● News sites/ channels/ papers
● Radio
● Quora / Reddit
● Quillbot
● Chismis/ Gossips
● ERI
● Library
● Dictionary/ Encyclopedias
Why do you look for information in these
sources?
● Legit
● Own opinion
● With valid evidences
● Related to the topic
● Connected to other platforms
● Popularity
Objectives
1. Understand the need for credible sources of
information.
2. Identify the different types of sources.
3. Determine the criteria in evaluating sources.
Information
What’s the difference between
misinformation and disinformation?
● Misinformation - false information without intent
● Disinformation - intent to spread false information
 Information
“Information is stimuli that has
meaning in some context for its
receiver”
-SearchSQLServer
 Types of
Information
Sources
Types of Sources

Primary Secondary Tertiary

 Primary Sources
The information came from its
originator/ creator.
Original Research

Image of Scientist at Work Accessed from

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newscientist.com%2Farticle%2F2214046-survey-says-scientists-mi
strust-a-large-amount-of-published-research%2F&psig=AOvVaw27a20RvNIUvuhSBf7j-VDW&ust=1594267034126000&source=i
mages&cd=vfe&ved=0CAIQjRxqFwoTCODVqM3hvOoCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAD
 Diaries

Image of Diary Accessed from

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fart%2Fdiary-literature&psig=AOvVaw0cFWMAP
VMBLT-V8Iat5jED&ust=1594267243327000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAIQjRxqFwoTCNC6vr3ivOoCFQAAAAAdAAAAAB
AS
 Court Records

Image of Court Records Accessed from

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcourt.laws.com%2Fcourt-records%2Fdesignation-of-record&psig=AOvVa
w0oM_rIZNxk2DE7Lj9NrWuE&ust=1594267377171000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAIQjRxqFwoTCIDAj_TivOoCFQAAAAA
dAAAAABAM
 Secondary Sources
The information is described or
analyzed by another source inspired
or cited from the primary source.
 Encyclopedias

Image of Encyclopedia Accessed from

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fslate.com%2Ftechnology%2F2012%2F03%2Fthe-encyclopedia-britannic
a-was-expensive-useless-and-exploitative-im-glad-its-gone.html&psig=AOvVaw3egG2RyOAfaIpOzDSV7_r0&ust=159426775618
0000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAIQjRxqFwoTCKCtobbkvOoCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAE
 Dictionaries

Image of Dictionaries Accessed from

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FDictionary&psig=AOvVaw1oHRFEv9LmKo
wJY3raqRoU&ust=1594267869699000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAIQjRxqFwoTCNiMmNvkvOoCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAD
 Tertiary Sources
Catalogs information from primary
and secondary sources.
 Catalogs and Databases

Image of OPAC Accessed from

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DEVUVKrtA-_k&psig=AOvVaw1oo
JNafrbgbhVxyyxgm8Bc&ust=1594268605064000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAIQjRxqFwoTCIi9kJPovOoCFQAAAAAdAAA
AABAD
Criteria in
Evaluating
Sources
Credible sources that you know
● .gov - government websites
● .edu - academic institutions
● Google scholar
Checklist for the Credibility of Articles
(University of Maryland Library, 2020)

Depth
01 Check how in-depth an article is from the
length of the writing and the amount of
information you can attain from it.

Audience
02 Determine who the article is
intended for.

Purpose
03 Also determine the main
purpose of the source of
information or the article.
Checklist for the Credibility of Articles
(University of Maryland Library, 2020)

Authors
04 Do a background check on the authors
whether they are authorities in the field
that they are writing about

Currency
05 Determine if the information
on your source is timely and
not obsolete.

Supporting Documentation
06 Also check if they can
support their claims with
pictures, graphs, or tables of
data.
 Other
Criteria for
Evaluating
Sources
 Relevance

Image of Relevance Accessed from

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2F%40nschsravanthi%2Fcustomize-relevance-with-elasti
csearch-7735a9ac550e&psig=AOvVaw3oJ0FIAF5zbYtrhryEdmUx&ust=1594269665022000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAI
QjRxqFwoTCJDUo73rvOoCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAR
 Timeliness

Image of Timeliness Accessed from

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.aecsoftware.com%2Ftimely-project-delivery-is-critical%2F&psig=AO
vVaw3e8D-CmaCXdTBhUxGzZi_s&ust=1594270918832000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAIQjRxqFwoTCPjAmIvwvOoCFQ
AAAAAdAAAAABAD
 References/Bibliography

Image of References Accessed from

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.apastyle.org%2Fapastyle%2F2017%2F09%2Freferences-versus-cit
ations.html&psig=AOvVaw2mjolfGPmuQralHdmUzn4s&ust=1594271090101000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAIQjRxqFwoT
COiWk9zwvOoCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAD
 Reliability

Image of Reliability Accessed from

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sharp.com%2Fhealth-news%2Freap-the-rewards-of-reliability.cfm&
psig=AOvVaw1CZTJipY0qQWBPZ5limQnw&ust=1594271198935000&so
urce=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAIQjRxqFwoTCPjEz5HxvOoCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAL
 Validity

Image of Validity Accessed from

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thoughtco.com%2Fvalidity-definition-3026737&psig=AOvVaw1G86j
D5DQn4pyPJEOTxXDQ&ust=1594274978763000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAIQjRxqFwoTCPjm5PX_vOoCFQAAAAAdA
AAAABAD
 Credibility

Image of Credivbility Accessed from

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.swypit.com%2Fwhy-credibility-matters-in-business%2F&psig=AOv
Vaw3xrZRLT5NrluPycl3B3CxM&ust=1594275262461000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAIQjRxqFwoTCMj0up-AveoCFQAAA
AAdAAAAABAD
 Perspective

Image of Perspective Accessed from

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3Dw_LbQviO1K4&psig=AOvVaw2xi
iTX4IngET0XJNkvX-fC&ust=1594275408520000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAIQjRxqFwoTCJCq9uSAveoCFQAAAAAdAA
AAABAD
 Purpose

Image of Purpose Accessed from

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.livingroomconversations.org%2Ftopics%2Fthe_search_for_purpos
e%2F&psig=AOvVaw0JXIK-pHfPsPipNYqlADv4&ust=1594275473818000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAIQjRxqFwoTCIjp8Y
SBveoCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAK
 Commercialism

Image of Commercialism Accessed from

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fthewildcattribune.com%2F7746%2Fnews%2Fthe-rise-of-thanksgiving-co
mmercialism%2F&psig=AOvVaw1HCwkF_iRo0YKUFbUb27X1&ust=1594275647156000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAIQjR
xqFwoTCNCHyd-BveoCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAE
 Intended Audience

Image of Intended Audience Accessed from

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vizion.com%2Fblog%2Fquick-tips-to-ensure-you-are-writing-for-you
r-intended-audience%2F&psig=AOvVaw1ADxne23fe89Nf_pIZSxFh&ust=1594275761482000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAI
QjRxqFwoTCNiz3o-CveoCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAE
 Sophistication

Image of Sophistication Accessed from https://cardenalgroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Fotolia_95067705_S.jpg

 Other Criteria in
Evaluating Sources
Relevance
Timeliness
References/Bibliography
Reliability
Validity
Credibility
Perspective
Purpose
Commercialism
Intended Audience
Sophistication
References
■ Evaluating Information Resources | Elmer
E. Rasmuson Library. Library.uaf.edu.
(2020). Retrieved 6 July 2020, from
https://library.uaf.edu/ls101-evaluation#:~:
text=Evaluating%20information%20sourc
es%20is%20a,for%20your%20paper%20o
r%20project.&text=Users%20must%20be
%20able%20to,to%20relying%20on%20t
he%20information.
■ Is My Source Credible? - UMGC Library.
Sites.umgc.edu. (2020). Retrieved 6 July
2020, from
https://sites.umgc.edu/library/libhow/cre
dibility.cfm.
■ LibGuides: Research Help: Types of
Sources. Libguides.merrimack.edu.
(2020). Retrieved 6 July 2020, from
https://libguides.merrimack.edu/research
_help/Sources#s-lg-box-7038334.
■ LibGuides: Research Help: Types of
Sources. Libguides.merrimack.edu.
(2020). Retrieved 6 July 2020, from
https://libguides.merrimack.edu/research
_help/Sources#s-lg-box-7038334.
■ What is information? - Definition from
WhatIs.com. SearchSQLServer. (2020).
Retrieved 10 July 2020, from
https://searchsqlserver.techtarget.com/d
efinition/information.
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