NAME OF STUDENT: ____________________________________________ GRADE & SECTION:________________________

ORAL COMMUNICATION 11
QUARTER 1 MODULE 2

MODELS OF
COMMUNICATION

OBEJECTIVE:

At the end of the lesson the student is expected to;

 Differentiate the various models of communication.

Discussion: Introducing the Models of Communication

The best way to understand communication is to see graphically. Many

authors and researchers have come up with their models based on what
they want to emphasize as being an important component of
communication. The following 3 models of communication;

1. Linear Communication Model

 Lasswell’s Model
 Aristotle’s Model
 Berlo’s SMCR Model

Communication is considered a one-way process. The message signal

is encoded and transmitted through a channel in presence of noise. The
sender is more prominent in the linear model of communication. It applies
in mass communication like television, radio, etc.

Different types of communication models based on linear model of communication are:

ARISTOTLE’S MODEL OF COMMUNICATION

Aristotle (384-322 B.C) was a Greek philosopher and writer born

in Stagira, Northern Greece. He was also the teacher of Alexander the
Great. He studied physics, logic, mathematics, etc.
• Considered as the first model of communication and was proposed before 300
B.C. • most widely accepted among all communication models.

• Aristotle Model is mainly focused on speaker and speech. It can be broadly

divided into 5 primary elements: Speaker, Speech, Occasion, Audience and Effect

• Speaker centered model

• Highly used to develop public speaking skills and create propaganda at that time
so, it is less focused on intrapersonal or interpersonal communication

• Speaker must have a very good non-verbal communication with the audience like
eye contact.

ELEMENTS OF GOOD COMMUNICATOR

1. ETHOS • Credibility of the speaker • characteristic which makes you credible in

front of the audience
2. PATHOS • Emotional bond • If what you say matters to them and they can
connect with it, then they will be more interested
3. LOGOS • sense of reason • You must present facts to the audience for them to
believe in you

LASSWELL’S MODEL OF COMMUNICATION

It was developed by communication theorist, Harold D. Lasswell (1902-1978) in

1948. Lasswell’s model of communication (also known as an action model or linear
model or one way model of communication) is regarded as one of the most
influential communication models.
BERLO’S MODEL OF COMMUNICATION

In 1960, David Berlo postulated Berlo’s Sender- Message-Channel-Receiver

(SMCR) model of communication from Shannon Weaver’s Model of Communication
(1949). He described factors affecting the individual components in the communication
making the communication more efficient.

 focuses on encoding and decoding which happens before the

sender sends the message and before the receiver receives the
message respectively
 Berlo’s Model has mainly, four components to describe the
communication process. They are sender, message, channel, and
receiver. Each of the components is affected by many factors.
 2. TRANSACTIONAL MODEL (Shannon & Weaver Model)
The transactional model of communication is the exchange of
messages between the sender and receiver where each takes turns to
send or receive messages.
both sender and receiver are known as communicators
The model is mostly used for interpersonal communication and is also
called the circular model of communication.

TRANSACTIONAL MODEL

TRANSACTIONAL MODEL OF COMMUNICATION

Different types of communication models based on the transactional model of

communication are:

 SHANNON and WEAVER’S MODEL OF COMMUNICATION (INFORMATION THEORY)

Shannon Weaver model of communication was created in 1948 when Claude
Elwood Shannon wrote an article “A Mathematical Theory of Communication” in
Bell System Technical Journal with Warren Weaver. Shannon was an
American mathematician whereas Weaver was a scientist. The Mathematical
theory later came to be known as the Shannon Weaver model of
communication or “mother of all models.”

CONCEPTS IN SHANNON WEAVER MODEL

1. Sender (Information source)– Sender is the person who makes the message,
chooses the channel, and sends the message.
2. Encoder (Transmitter) – The encoder is the sender who uses a machine,
which converts the message into signals or binary data. It might also directly
refer to the machine. • Channel –Channel is the medium used to send a
message.
3. Decoder (Receiver) – Decoder is the machine used to convert signals or
binary data into a message or the receiver who translates the message from
signals.
4. Receiver (Destination) –Receiver is the person who gets the message or the
place where the message must reach. The receiver provides feedback
according to the message.
5. Noise –Noise is the physical disturbances like environment, people, etc.
which does not let the message get to the receiver as what is sent.
 3. INTERACTIVE MODEL OF COMMUNICATION (Osgood -Schramm’s Model)
Also known as the convergence model
Deals with the exchange of ideas and messages taking place both ways
from sender to receiver and vice-versa
The communication process takes place between humans or machines
in both verbal and non-verbal way
This is a relatively new model of communication for new technologies like
the web.

INTERACTIONAL MODEL

INTERACTIVE MODEL OF COMMUNICATION Different types of communication models

based on the interactive model of communication are:

OSGOOD-SCHRAMM’s MODEL OF COMMUNICATION

Built on the theory that communication is a two-way street, with a sender

and a receiver
Charles Egerton Osgood popularized the notion that communication
was circular rather than linear, meaning that it required two participants
taking turns sending and receiving a message.
 The field of experience incorporates what is mutually understood between the
sender and receiver. For example, a professor of calculus would have very little luck
communicating important math principles to a classroom of kindergarten students,
because they do not share a field of experience that makes the message easy to
understand.

It is a Circular Model so that communication is something circular in nature

1. Encoder – Who does encoding or Sends the message (message originates)

2. Decoder – Who receives the message
3. Interpreter – Person trying to understand (analyses, perceive) or interpret

Note: From the message starting to ending, there is an interpretation that goes on.
Based on this interpretation only, the message is received.

Exercise I:

Direction: Read each item carefully. Encircle your answer.

1. This model is used in two-way process of communication.

a. Linear Communication Model b. Transactional Model c. Interactive Model

2. This model is also known as the convergence model.

a. Linear Communication Model b. Transactional Model c. Interactive Model

3. This model is a one-way process.

a. Linear Communication Model b. Transactional Model c. Interactive Model

4. David Berlo’s Model is classified as .

a. Linear Communication Model b. Transactional Model c. Interactive Model

5. Claude Elwood Shannon and Warren Weaver’ Model falls under .

a. Linear Communication Model b. Transactional Model c. Interactive Model

6. The proponent of this model a Greek philosopher and writer born in Stagira,
Northern Greece.
a. Aristotle b. Shannon c. Berlo

7. What model of communication is a two-way street, with a sender and a receiver?

a. Osgood-Schramm’s Model Of Communication
b. Shannon And Weaver’s Model Of Communication
c. Lasswell’s Model Of Communication
8. This model is also known as an action model or linear model or one way model
of communication.
a. Osgood-Schramm’s Model Of Communication
b. Shannon And Weaver’s Model Of Communication
c. Lasswell’s Model Of Communication

9. This model of communication was created in 1948.

a. Osgood-Schramm’s Model Of Communication
b. Shannon And Weaver’s Model Of Communication
c. Lasswell’s Model Of Communication

10.This model circular rather than linear, meaning that it required two participants
taking turns sending and receiving a message
a. Osgood-Schramm’s Model Of Communication
b. Shannon And Weaver’s Model Of Communication
c. Lasswell’s Model Of Communication

Exercise II
Direction: Be creative. Draw a sample illustration of each Model.

1. Linear Communication Model

2. Transactional Model
 3. Interactive Model

Evaluation:

Direction: List down the similarities and differences of the 3 models on the Venn
diagram.

References:

Flores, R. S. Rex Book Store “Oral Communication in Context” pg5

https://www.slideshare.net/100002406493412/models-of-communication-110815585

Prepared by:
STEPHANIE ARIAS
TEACHER