Conclusion

1. What is the importance of microscope?

- The microscope is one of the most important tools used in chemistry and biology. This
instrument allows you to magnify an object to look at it in detail. Many types of
microscopes exist, allowing different levels of magnification and producing different types
of images. It is also very important in microbiology fields, it enables them to study
specimens that are too small to see with the naked eye. In microbiology, microscope is an
optical instrument used for viewing very small objects, such as mineral samples or
animal or plant cells, typically magnified several hundred times.
2. What parts of microscope are responsible for magnifying images? What is
magnification?

- the objective and ocular lenses are responsible for magnifying the image of the
specimen being viewed.

Total magnification = Objective magnification X ocular magnification.

So for 10X objective and 10X ocular,

Total magnification = 10 X 10 = 100X (this means that the image being viewed will
appear to be 100 times its actual size).

Magnification - Magnification in physical terms is defined as "a measure of the ability of

a lens or other optical instruments to magnify, expressed as the ratio of the size of the
image to that of the object". This means, that an object of any size is magnified to form
an enlarged image

3. What kind of objective should be used in studying:

a. Whole section of a specimen
b. A portion of the specimen
4. What should be done in the following situation?
a. a microscope has a missing part
b. a microscope has dirty lenses

Make sure that you only clean your microscope lenses when they are dirty and
use the proper materials! You can purchase a microscope cleaning kit here.

If your objective lenses are dirty, you can remove build-up with lens paper
dipped in a very weak ammonia solution. Place one eye dropper full of household
ammonia in 1/2 cup of water.

If you have any sticky substances on your objectives such as balsam, oily
materials or paraffin, this should be removed with xylol.

To clean microscope eyepiece lenses, breathe condensation onto them and then
wipe them with lens tissue. Kim-wipes are made by Kleenex and generally will
work well. For stubborn spots, wipe the surface with tissue moistened with 95%
alcohol. Wipe the lens dry with a dry tissue.

If you see black specks when you look through the microscope, turn the
eyepiece lens to see if the specks also turn. If so, the dust is on either the inside
or outside eyepiece lens. Clean the eyepiece lens with lens tissue. If the spots
remain, remove the eyepiece lens and brush the inside of the eyepiece lens with
a camel hair brush or lens paper.

DO NOT USE cloth, ordinary paper or fingers! Make sure that you use only
special lens cleaning tissues!

Periodically inspect the power cords and plugs for safety and have a supply of
replacement bulbs available.

Professional cleaning and adjusting should be performed whenever necessary at

an optical shop specializing in microscopes. Usually the microscope
manufacturer can recommend a qualified professional that services their
microscopes and will not alter the warranty.
When microscopes are not in use, they should be covered with plastic and
stored in a safe area where they won't get knocked over or stolen.
Keeping a clean microscope will ensure that you will get many years of quality
use out of your microscope!