THE RIZAL MEMORIAL COLLEGES, INC.

SCHOOL OF LAW

CORPORATION LAW
First Semester, AY 2021-2022

Prof. Maria Veronica M. Manalo

v.manalo16@gmail.com

BASIS FOR EVALUATION

Recitation / Output: Twenty-Five Percent (25%)

Midterm Examination: Thirty Percent (35%)
Final Examination: Thirty Percent (35%)
Attendance: Five Percent (5%)

Total: One Hundred Percent (100%)

Resources: Civil Code of the Philippines

Revised Corporation Code of the Philippines
Securities Regulation Code of the Philippines
The New Central Bank Act
Assigned cases in class

COURSE OUTLINE

I. CORPORATIONS

A. Definition of Corporation

Section 2, Revised Corporation Code

1. Attributes of a Corporation

a) Requirements for Amendment or Cancellation

i. An Artificial Being

Swedish Match Philippines, Inc. v. Treasurer of the

City of Manila, G.R. No. 181277 (2013)
Yutivo Sons Hardware v. CTA, G.R. No. L-132203
(1961)

1
 ii. Created by Operation of Law
iii. Has the Right of Succession
iv. Has the Powers, Attributes, and Properties
Expressly Authorized by Law or Incident to its
Existence

Monfort Hermanos Agricultural Dev. Corp v. Monfort

III, G.R. No. 152542 (2004)
Sections 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, Revised
Corporation Code

B. Classes of Corporations

1. Stock Corporation

Section 3, Revised Corporation Code

Section 42, Revised Corporation Code

2. Non-Stock Corporation

Section 3, Revised Corporation Code

Section 86, Revised Corporation Code
Section 87, Revised Corporation Code
Section 174, Revised Corporation Code
Section 87, Revised Corporation Code
Section 23, Revised Corporation Code
Section 22, Revised Corporation Code
Section 91, Revised Corporation Code
Section 92, Revised Corporation Code
Section 50, Revised Corporation Code
Section 6, Revised Corporation Code
Section 88, Revised Corporation Code
Section 90, Revised Corporation Code
Section 97, Revised Corporation Code
Section 93, Revised Corporation Code

3. One Person Corporation

Section 116, Revised Corporation Code

4. Other Corporations

2
 a) Public Corporation

Polytechnic University of the Philippines v. CA, G.R. No. 143513

(2001)
Boy Scouts of the Philippines v. COA, G.R. No. 177131 (2011)

b) Private Corporation

Baluyot v. Holganza, G.R. No. 136374 (2000)

c) Close Corporation

Section 14, Revised Corporation Code

Section 38, Revised Corporation Code
Section 181, Revised Corporation Code

d) Educational Corporation

Section 105, Revised Corporation Code

Section 106, Revised Corporation Code
Section 107, Revised Corporation Code
Section 108, Revised Corporation Code

e) Religious Corporation

f) Eleemosynary Corporation

g) Domestic Corporation

h) Foreign Corporation

Section 140, Revised Corporation Code

i) Corporation Created by Special Laws or Charter

Section 4, Revised Corporation Code

j) Subsidiary Corporation
k) Parent Corporation
l) Corporation De Jure

Section 18, Revised Corporation Code

m) De Facto Corporation

3
 Section 19, Revised Corporation Code

n) Corporation by Estoppel

i. As to Liability

ii. As to the Defense of Lack of Corporate Personality

Section 20, Revised Corporation Code

iii. As to Third Party

Section 20, Revised Corporation Code

iv. De Facto Corporation v. Corporation by Estoppel

C. Nationality of Corporations

Securities and Exchange Commission OGC Opinion No. 22-07

1. Place of Incorporation Test

2. Domestic Corporation

3. Foreign Corporations

SEC OGC Opinion No. 22-07

Section 140, Revised Corporation Code
SEC OGC Opinion No. 11-42

4. Control Test

Narra Nickel Mining & Development Corp. v. Redmont Consolidated

Mines Corp., G.R. No. 195580 (2014)
SEC OGC Opinion No. 11-42
Securities and Exchange Commission OGC Opinion No. 16-19
Section 2, Article XII, 1987 Constitution of the Philippines
Section 11, Article XII, 1987 Constitution of the Philippines
Section 1, Article XVI, 1987 Constitution of the Philippines
Gamboa v. Teves, G.R. No. 176579 (2011)

4
 Jose M. Roy III v. Chairperson Teresita Herbosa, G.R. No. 207246
(2017)

5. Grandfather Rule

Narra Nickel Mining & Development Corp. v. Redmont Consolidated

Mines Corp., G.R. No. 195580 (2014)
SEC Opinion re: Silahis Int’l Hotel (1987)

D. Corporate Juridical personality

Section 18, Revised Corporation Code

1. Doctrine of Separate Juridical Personality

Land Bank of the Philippines v. CA, G.R. No. 127181 (2001)

Lanuza et al. v. BF Corporation, et al. G.R. No. 174938 (2014)
Wise and Co. v. Man Sun Lung, G.R. No. 46997 (1940)
Button v. Hoffman, 61 Wis. 20 (1884)
Smith, Bell & Co. v. Natividad, 4G.R. No. 15574
Bataan Shipyard & Engineering v. PCGG, G.R. No. 75885 (1987)

a) Liability for Tort and Crime

PNB v. CA, G.R. No. L-27155 (1978)

Ching v. Secretary of Justice, G.R. No. 164317 (2006)
Time Inc. v. Reyes, G.R. No. L-28882 (1971)

b) Recovery of Damages

Manila Electric Co. v. Nordec Philippines, G.R. No. 196020

(2018)
Filipinas Broadcasting Network v. Ago Medical and Educational
Center, G.R. No. 141994 (2005)

2. Doctrine of Piercing the Corporate Veil

PNB v. Ritratto Group, G.R. No. 142616 (2001)

a) Effect of Piercing the Corporate Veil

China Banking v. Dyne-Sem, G.R. No. 149237 (2006)

Del Rosario v. NLRC, G.R. No. 85416 (1990)
Pacific Rehouse Corp. v. CA, G.R. No. 199687 (2014)

5
 Kukan v. Reyes, G.R. No. 182729 (2010)
Guillermo v. Uson, G.R. No. 198967 (2016)
Cruz v. Dalisay, A.M. No. R-181-P (1987)

b) Grounds for Application of the Doctrine

China Banking v. Dyne-Sem, G.R. No. 149237 (2006)

PNB v. Andrada Electric and Engineering Co., G.R. No. 142936
(2002)

c) Test in Determining Applicability

Koppel Phil. V. Yatco, G.R. No. L-47673 (1946)

Palacio v. Fely Transportation, G.R. No. L-15121 (1962)
PNB v. Ritratto Group, G.R. No. 142616 (2001)

E. Capital Structure

1. Number and Qualification of Incorporators

Section 10, Revised Corporation Code

2. Subscription Requirements

Section 13, Revised Corporation Code

Section 12, Revised Corporation Code
Section 37, Revised Corporation Code

a) Subscription Agreements

Section 59, Revised Corporation Code

b) Nature of Subscription Contracts

Section 71, Revised Corporation Code

c) Characteristics

d) Status as Shareholder

e) Types of Subscription Contracts

f) Rules on Pre-Incorporation Subscription

6
 Section 60, Revised Corporation Code

g) Interest on Unpaid Subscription

Section 65, Revised Corporation Code

3. Corporate Term

a) Perpetual Existence

Section 11, Revised Corporation Code

b) Extending or Shortening the Corporate Term

Section 11, Revised Corporation Code

Section 36, Revised Corporation Code

c) Revival of Corporate Existence

Section 11, Revised Corporation Code

4. Classification of Shares

a) Nature of Shares of Stock

b) Classes of Share of Stock

Section 6, Revised Corporation Code

c) Doctrine of Equality of Shares

d) Classification of Shares

i. Preferred Shares v. Common Shares

Section 6, Revised Corporation Code

ii. Cumulative v. Non-Cumulative

iii. Participating and Non-Participating

iv. Scope of Voting Rights Subject to Classification

Section 6, Revised Corporation Code

7
 v. Founders’ Shares

Section 7, Revised Corporation Code

vi. Redeemable Shares

Section 8, Revised Corporation Code

vii. Treasury Shares

Section 9, Revised Corporation Code

viii. Par Value Shares v. No-Par Value Shares

Section 61, Revised Corporation Code

Section 6, Revised Corporation Code

F. Incorporation and Organization

1. Promoter

Section 3.1., RA No. 8799, The Securities Regulation Code

Cagayan Fishing Development Co., Inc. v. Sandiko, G.R. No. L-43350
(1937)

a) Liability of Promoter

2. Subscription Contract

Section 59, Revised Corporation Code

3. Pre-incorporation Subscription Agreements

Section 60, Revised Corporation Code

4. Consideration for Stocks

Section 61, Revised Corporation Code

5. Articles of Incorporation

Sections 11 and 13, Revised Corporation Code

SEC Memorandum Circular No. 26, Series of 2019

8
 a) Contents

Section 13, Revised Corporation Code

Section 14, Revised Corporation Code
SEC Memorandum Circular No. 13, Series of 2019

i. Corporate Name

ii. Purpose Clause

Section 10, Revised Corporation Code

Section 13 (b), Revised Corporation Code
Section 35 (i), Revised Corporation Code

iii. Principal Office

iv. Corporate term

Section 11, Revised Corporation Code

v. Number, Names, Citizenship, and Residences of

the Directors / Trustees

Section 13, Revised Corporation Code

Section 91, Revised Corporation Code
Section 106, Revised Corporation Code

vi. Capital Stock

Section 173, Revised Corporation Code

J.G. Summit Holdings, Inc. v. CA, G.R. No. 124293
(2005)

vii. Other Matters Included in the AOI

b) Non-Amendable Items

Section 37, Revised Corporation Code

c) Requirements for Making Amendments to AOI

9
 Section 15, Revised Corporation Code

6. Corporate Name; Limitations on use of Corporate Name

Section 17, Revised Corporation Code

Section 16, Revised Corporation Code

7. Registration, Incorporation, and Commencement of Corporate

Existence

Section 18, Revised Corporation Code

Section 16, Revised Corporation Code
Section 158, Revised Corporation Code

8. Election of Directors or Trustees

Section 49, Revised Corporation Code

Section 23, Revised Corporation Code
Section 25, Revised Corporation Code
Section 24, Revised Corporation Code
Section 46 (f), Revised Corporation Code
SEC Memorandum Circular No. 6, Series of 2020
Garcia v. Eastern Telecommunications Philippines Inc., G.R. No. 173115
(2009)

9. Adoption of By-Laws

SMC v. Mandaue, G.R. No. 152356 (2005)

Loyola Grand Villas Homeowners Association v. CA, G.R. No. 117188
(1997)
Grace Christian High School v. CA, G.R. No. 108905 (1997)

a) Contents of By-Laws

Section 45, Revised Corporation Code

Section 46, Revised Corporation Code
Section 97, Revised Corporation Code

b) Binding Effects

China Banking Corp. v. CA, G.R. No. 117604 (1997)

c) Amendments

10
 Section 47, Revised Corporation Code

10. Effects of Non-Use of Corporate Charter

Section 21, Revised Corporation Code

G. Corporate Powers

1. General Powers; Theory of General Capacity

Section 35, Revised Corporation Code

Pilipinas Loan v. SEC, G.R. No. 104720 (2001)

2. Specific Powers; Theory of Specific Capacity

Section 36, Revised Corporation Code

Section 37, Revised Corporation Code
Section 38, Revised Corporation Code
Section 39, Revised Corporation Code
Section 40, Revised Corporation Code
Section 41, Revised Corporation Code
Section 42, Revised Corporation Code
Section 43, Revised Corporation Code
Section 15, Revised Corporation Code

3. Power to Extend or Shorten the Corporate Term

Section 36, Revised Corporation Code

4. Power to Increase or Decrease Capital Stock or Incur, Create,

Increase Bonded Indebtedness

Section 37, Revised Corporation Code

5. Power to Deny Pre-Emptive Rights

Section 38, Revised Corporation Code

Section 101, Revised Corporation Code

6. Power to Sell or Dispose Corporate Assets

Section 39, Revised Corporation Code

7. Power to Acquire Its Own Shares

11
 Section 40, Revised Corporation Code

8. Power to Invest Corporate Funds in Another Corporation or

Business

Section 41, Revised Corporation Code

9. Power to Declare Dividends

Section 42, Revised Corporation Code

10. Power to Enter into Management Contracts

Section 43, Revised Corporation Code

11. Limitations

Section 44, Revised Corporation Code

Montelibano v. Bacolod-Murcia Milling Co., Inc., G.R. No. L-15092
(1962)

12. Doctrine of Individuality of Subscription

Section 71, Revised Corporation Code

13. Doctrine of Equality of Shares

Section 6, Revised Corporation Code

14. Trust Fund Doctrine

Boman Environmental Development Corporation v. CA, G.R. No. 77860

(1988)
NTC v. CA, G.R. No. 127937 (1999)
Ong Yung v. Tiu, G.R. No. 144476 (2003)
Steinberg v. Velasco, G.R. No. L-30460 (1929)
Donnina Halley v. Printwell, Inc., G.R. No. 157549 (2011)

15. How Corporate Powers Are Exercised

a) By the Shareholders

Section 6, Revised Corporation Code

12
 Section 15, Revised Corporation Code
Section 47, Revised Corporation Code
Section 37, Revised Corporation Code
Sections 76-79, Revised Corporation Code
Section 41, Revised Corporation Code
Sections 133-138, Revised Corporation Code
Section 42, Revised Corporation Code
Section 43, Revised Corporation Code
Section 61, Revised Corporation Code
Section 29, Revised Corporation Code

b) By the Board of Directors

Section 22, Revised Corporation Code

Associated Bank v. Pronstroller, G.R. No. 148444 (2008)

H. Stockholders and Members

1. Fundamental Rights of a Stockholder

Section 6, Revised Corporation Code

Section 7, Revised Corporation Code
Sections 42 and 70, Revised Corporation Code
Section 80, Revised Corporation Code
Section 63, Revised Corporation Code
Section 139, Revised Corporation Code
Section 62, Revised Corporation Code
Section 38, Revised Corporation Code
Section 73, Revised Corporation Code
Section 68, Revised Corporation Code
Section 88, Revised Corporation Code

2. Participation in Management

a) Proxy

Section 57, Revised Corporation Code

Section 88, Revised Corporation Code

b) Voting Trust

Section 58, Revised Corporation Code

c) Cases When Stockholders’ Action is Required

13
 Section 6, Revised Corporation Code
Section 54, Revised Corporation Code
Section 43, Revised Corporation Code
Section 47, Revised Corporation Code
Section 29, Revised Corporation Code
Section 61, Revised Corporation Code
Section 134, Revised Corporation Code
Section 27, Revised Corporation Code
Section 15, Revised Corporation Code
Section 102, Revised Corporation Code
Section 36, Revised Corporation Code
Section 37, Revised Corporation Code
Section 38, Revised Corporation Code
Section 39, Revised Corporation Code
Section 41, Revised Corporation Code
Section 42, Revised Corporation Code
Section 43, Revised Corporation Code
Section 31, Revised Corporation Code
Section 33, Revised Corporation Code
Section 76, Revised Corporation Code
Section 94, Revised Corporation Code
Section 114, Revised Corporation Code
Section 23, Revised Corporation Code
Section 57, Revised Corporation Code
Section 50, Revised Corporation Code

3. Proprietary Rights

a) Right to Dividends

Section 42, Revised Corporation Code

b) Appraisal Right

Section 80, Revised Corporation Code

Section 81, Revised Corporation Code
Section 85, Revised Corporation Code
Section 83, Revised Corporation Code

c) Right to Inspect

Section 73, Revised Corporation Code

14
 d) Preemptive Right

Section 38, Revised Corporation Code

Section 97, Revised Corporation Code

e) Right to Vote

Section 6, Revised Corporation Code

f) Right of First Refusal

Section 97, Revised Corporation Code

4. Remedial Rights

a) Individual Suit

b) Representative Suit

c) Derivative Suit

Chua v. CA, G.R. No. 150793 (2004)

Bitong v. CA, G.R. No. 123553 (1998)
Gochan v. Young, G.R. No. 131889 (2001)
Section 5.2, Securities Regulation Code
Florete v. Florete, G.R. No. 174909 (2016)
Villamor v. Umale, G.R. No. 172843 (2014)
Lisam Enterprises, Inc. v. Banco de Oro Unibank, Inc. et al., G.R.
No. 143264 (2012)
Symaco Trading Corp. v. Santos, G.R. No. 142474 (2005)
Yu v. Yukayguan, G.R. No. 177549 (2009)

5. Obligations of a Stockholder

a) Liability to the Corporation for Unpaid Subscription

Section 66, Revised Corporation Code

China Banking Corp. v. CA, G.R. No. 117604 (1997)

b) Liability to the Corporation for Interest on Unpaid

Subscription if so Required

Section 65, Revised Corporation Code

15
 c) Liability for Watered Stocks

Section 64, Revised Corporation Code

d) Liability for Dividends Unlawfully Paid

Section 30, Revised Corporation Code

e) Liability for Assuming to Act as a Corporation Knowing it to

be Without Authority

Section 20, Revised Corporation Code

6. Meetings

Section 15, Revised Corporation Code

Section 23, Revised Corporation Code
Section 54, Revised Corporation Code
Section 55, Revised Corporation Code
Section 49, Revised Corporation Code
Section 53, Revised Corporation Code
Section 50, Revised Corporation Code
Section 51, Revised Corporation Code
Section 73, Revised Corporation Code

I. Board of Directors and Trustees

1. Repository of Corporate Powers

Section 34, Revised Corporation Code

Section 96, Revised Corporation Code
Section 27, Revised Corporation Code
Section 15, Revised Corporation Code
Section 37, Revised Corporation Code
Section 42, Revised Corporation Code
Section 43, Revised Corporation Code
Section 61, Revised Corporation Code
Section 29, Revised Corporation Code
Spouses Constantine Firme v. Bukal Enterprises and Development
Corporation, G.R. No. 146608 (2003)
Gamboa v. Teves, G.R. No. 176579 (2011)
People’s Aircargo v. CA, G.R. No. 117847 (1998)

16
 2. Tenure, Qualifications, and Disqualifications of Directors or
Trustees

a) Tenure

Section 22, Revised Corporation Code

b) Qualifications

Lee v. CA, G.R. No. 93695 (1992)

c) Disqualifications

Gokongwei, Jr. v. SEC, G.R. No. L-45911 (1979)

3. Requirement of Independent Directors

Section 22, Revised Corporation Code

4. Elections

Section 14, Old Corporation Code

Section 23, Revised Corporation Code
Sections 15 and 91, Revised Corporation Code

5. Removal

Section 27, Revised Corporation Code

6. Filing of Vacancies

Section 28, Revised Corporation Code

7. Compensation

Section 29, Revised Corporation Code

Western Institute of Technology v. Salas, G.R. No. 113032 (1997)

8. Disloyalty

Section 30, Revised Corporation Code

Section 33, Revised Corporation Code

17
 Strategic Alliance Development Corp. v. Radstock Securities Ltd., G.R.
No. 178158 (2009)
Republic of the Philippines v. Sandiganbayan (First Division) et al., G.R.
No. 166859 (2011)

9. Business Judgment Rule

Montelibano v. Bacolod-Murica Milling Co., G.R. No. L-15092 (1962)

10. Solidary Liabilities for Damages

Section 30, Revised Corporation Code

Section 64, Revised Corporation Code

11. Personal liabilities

Price v. Innodata Phils., Inc., G.R. No. 178505 (2008)

12. Responsibility for Crimes

Section 170, Revised Corporation Code

Sections 171 -172, Revised Corporation Code
Time Inc. v. Reyes, G.R. No. L-28882 (1971)
Ong v. CA, G.R. No. 119858 (2003)

13. Special Fact Doctrine

Taylor v. Wright, 53 N.Y.S. 423 (1945)

Strong v. Repide, 213 U.S. 419 (1909)

14. Inside Information

Section 3.8, Securities Regulation Code

15. Contracts

Section 31, Revised Corporation Code

Section 32, Revised Corporation Code

16. Executive Committee and Other Special Committees

Section 34, Revised Corporation Code

Filipinas Port Services Inc. v. Go, G.R. No. 161886 (2007)

18
 17. Meetings

Section 48, Revised Corporation Code

Section 52, Revised Corporation Code
Section 53, Revised Corporation Code
Expertravel and Tours, Inc. v. CA, G.R. No. 152392 (2005)
Tan v. Sycip, G.R. No. 153468 (2006)
Lopez v. Ercita, G.R. No. L-32991 (1972)

J. Capital Affairs

1. Certificate of Stock

a) Nature of the certificate

Section 62, Revised Corporation Code

Makati Sports Club v. Cheng, G.R. No. 178523 (2010)
Makati Sports Club v. Cheng, G.R. No. 178523 (2010)

b) Uncertified Shares

Section 3.14, Securities Regulation Code

Section 43, Securities Regulation Code

c) Negotiability; Requirements for Valid Transfer of Stocks

De los Santos v. Republic, G.R. No. L-4818 (1955)

Bitong v. CA, G.R. No. 123553 (1998)
Section 62, Revised Corporation Code
Section 43.3, Securities Regulation Code
Republic v. Estate of Hans Menzi, G.R. No. 152578 (2005)
Rural bank of Lipa City v. CA, G.R. No. 124535 (2001)
Ponce v. Alsons Cement Corp., G.R. No. 139802 (2002)
Section 43.4, Revised Corporation Code
Batangas Laguna Tayabas Bus Co. v. Bitangas, G.R. No. 137934
(2001)

d) Issuance

Section 63, Revised Corporation Code

Baltazar v. Lingayen Gulf Electric Power Company, G.R. No. L-
16236 (1965)
Nava v. Peers Mktg. Corp., G.R. No. L-28120 (1976)

19
 e) Stock and Transfer Book

Section 73, Revised Corporation Code

Torres, Jr. v. CA, G.R. No. 120138 (1997)

f) Lost or Destroyed Certificates

Section 72, Revised Corporation Code

g) Situs of the Shares of Stock

Wells Fargo Bank v. CIR, G.R. No. L-46720 (1940)

Chua Guan v. Samahang Magsasaka, Inc. (1935)
Hyatt Elevators and Escalators Corp. v. Goldstar Elevator Phils.,
G.R. No. 161026 (2005)

2. Watered Stocks

Section 64, Revised Corporation Code

Philippine Trust Corp. v. Rivera, G.R. No. L-19761 (1923)

3. Payment of Balance of Subscription

Section 66, Revised Corporation Code

4. Sale of Delinquent Shares

Section 67, Revised Corporation Code

Section 70, Revised Corporation Code

5. Alienation of Shares

Section 97, Revised Corporation Code

Section 62, Revised Corporation Code

6. Corporate Books and Records

Section 73, Revised Corporation Code

Section 74, Revised Corporation Code
Veraguth v. Isabela Sugar, G.R. No. L-37064 (1932)
Africa v. PCGG, G.R. No. 83831 (1992)

K. Dissolution and Liquidation

20
 Section 139, Revised Corporation Code

1. Modes of Dissolution

Section 134, Revised Corporation Code

Section 135, Revised Corporation Code
Section 136, Revised Corporation Code
Section 137, Revised Corporation Code
Section 11, Revised Corporation Code
Section 138, Revised Corporation Code
Daguhoy Enterprises v. Ponce, G.R. No. L-6515 (1954)
Section 6 (i)(5), PD 902-A

2. Methods of Liquidation

Section 139, Revised Corporation Code

Section 135, Revised Corporation Code
Republic of the Philippines v. Marsman Dev. Co., G.R. No. L-175109
(1972)
Paramount Insurance Corp. v. A.C. Ordonez Corp., G.R. No. 175109
(2008)
Section 139 (1), Revised Corporation Code
Section 139 (2), Revised Corporation Code
Board of Liquidators v. Kalaw, G.R. No. L-18805 (1967)
Section 119, Revised Corporation Code
SEC Opinion, July 23, 1996
Pepsi-Cola Products Philippines, Inc. v. CA, G.R. No. 145855 (2004)
Alhambra Cigar and Cigarette Mfg. v. SEC, G.R. No. L-23606 (1968)
National Abaca v. Pore, G.R. No. L-16779 (1961)
Reburiano v. CA, G.R. No. 102965 (1999)
Clemente et al. v. CA, G.R. No. 82407 (1995)
Consuelo Metals Corporation v. Planters Development Bank, G.R. No.
152580 (2008)
Section 31, FRIA
Section 36, FRIA
Leyte Asphalt and Mineral Oil Co. Ltd. V. Block Johnston and Breenbrawn,
G.R. No. 9755 (1928)
SEC-OGC Opinion No. 15-07 (2015) citing SECAC No. 347 (1991)
Reburiano v. CA, G.R. No. 102965 (1999)
Aguirre v. FQB+, Inc., G.R. No. 170770 (2013)

L. Other Corporations

1. Close Corporations

21
 Section 95, Revised Corporation Code
Section 96, Revised Corporation Code
Section 97, Revised Corporation Code
Section 98, Revised Corporation Code
Section 101, Revised Corporation Code
Section 103, Revised Corporation Code
Section 95, Revised Corporation Code
Section 96, Revised Corporation Code

2. Non-Stock Corporations

Section 86, Revised Corporation Code

Section 87, Revised Corporation Code
Section 93, Revised Corporation Code

3. Educational Corporations

Section 105, Revised Corporation Code

Section 106, Revised Corporation Code
Section 107, Revised Corporation Code
Article XIV, Section 4(2), par. 1, 1987 Constitution

4. Religious Corporations

Section 107, Revised Corporation Code

Section 108, Revised Corporation Code
Section 109, Revised Corporation Code
Section 110, Revised Corporation Code
Section 111, Revised Corporation Code
Section 113, Revised Corporation Code
Section 114, Revised Corporation Code
Roman Catholic Apostolic Adm. Of Davao v. LRC, G.R. No. L-8451
(1957)

5. One-Person Corporations

Section 116, Revised Corporation Code

Section 117, Revised Corporation Code
Section 118, Revised Corporation Code
Section 119, Revised Corporation Code
Section 120, Revised Corporation Code
Section 121, Revised Corporation Code
Section 122, Revised Corporation Code

22
 Section 123, Revised Corporation Code
Section 124, Revised Corporation Code
Section 125, Revised Corporation Code

6. Foreign Corporations

Section 140, Revised Corporation Code

Section 141, Revised Corporation Code
Section 142, Revised Corporation Code
Section 143, Revised Corporation Code
Section 144, Revised Corporation Code
Section 150, Revised Corporation Code
Agilent Technologies v. Integrated Silicon Technology, G.R. No. 154618
(2004)

M. Merger and Consolidation

1. Definition and Concept

Section 75, Revised Corporation Code

2. Distinguish: Constituent and Consolidated Corporation

3. Plan of Merger or Consolidation

Section 75, Revised Corporation Code

4. Articles of Merger or Consolidation

Section 77, Revised Corporation Code

5. Procedure

Section 76, Revised Corporation Code

Section 78, Revised Corporation Code
Section 79, Revised Corporation Code

II. SECURITIES

A. State Policy

Section 2, Securities Regulation Code

B. Definition of Securities

23
 Section 3, Securities Regulation Code

C. Kinds of Securities

1. Exempt Securities

Section 9, Revised Corporation Code

2. Exempt Transactions

Section 10, Revised Corporation Code

SEC v. Prosperity.com, Inc., G.R. No. 164197 (2012)
Power Homes Unlimited Corp. v. SEC and Manero, G.R. No. 164182
(2008)

3. Non-Exempt Transactions

Section 8, Revised Corporation Code

D. Powers and Function of the Securities and Exchange Commission

Section 12.2, Securities Regulation Code

Section 13.2, Securities Regulation Code
Section 13,4, Securities Regulation Code

E. Procedure for Registration of Securities

Section 12, Securities Regulation Code

Section 13, Securities Regulation Code

F. Prohibitions on Fraud, Manipulation, and Insider Trading

Section 24, Securities Regulation Code

Section 48, Securities Regulation Code
Section 25, Securities Regulation Code
Section 26, Securities Regulation Code
Section 61, Securities Regulation Code

G. Protection of Shareholder Interests

Section 17, Securities Regulation Code

Section 18, Securities Regulation Code

24
 Cemco Holdings, Inc. v. National Life Insurance Company of the Philippines,
G.R. No. 171815 (2007)
Section 3.1, 2015 SRC-IRR
Section 19.9.8, 2015 SRC-IRR
Rule 19.2, 2015 SRC-IRR
Rule 19, 2015 SRC-IRR
Rule 19.3, 2015 SRC-IRR
Rule 19.4. 2015 SRC-IRR
GSIS v. CA, G.R. No. 183905 (2009)
Rule 20.2.2, 2015 SRC-IRR
Rule 20.3.1, 2015 SRC-IRR
Rule 20.3.3.1, 2015 SRC-IRR
Philippine Veterans Bank v. Callangan, G.R. No. 191995 (2011)
SEC v. Interport Resources Corporation, G.R. No. 135808 (2008)

III. BANKING LAWS

A. The New Central Bank Act

Section 1, The New Central Bank Act

Section 2, The New Central Bank Act
Section 136, The New Central Bank Act
Section 3, The New Central Bank Act
Section 6, The New Central Bank Act
Sections 129 and 130, The New Central Bank Act
Section 71, The New Central Bank Act
Section 85, The New Central Bank Act
Section 128, The New Central Bank Act
Section 5, The New Central Bank Act
Section 23, The New Central Bank Act
Section 26, The New Central Bank Act
Section 29, The New Central Bank Act
Section 30, The New Central Bank Act
Section 83, The New Central Bank Act
Section 84, The New Central Bank Act
Section 106, The New Central Bank Act
Section 74, The New Central Bank Act
Section 70, The New Central Bank Act

B. Law on Secrecy of Bank Deposits

Section 2, The New Central Bank Act

Section 3, The New Central Bank Act
BSP Group, Inc. v. Go, G.R. No. 168644 (2010)

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 Ejercito v. SB Special Division, G.R. Nos. 157294-95 (2006)
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