CLE REVIEWER FOR PERIODICAL TEST
as mediating between heavenly and earthly
UNIT 4 LESSON 1: SACRAMENT OF HOLY
ORDERS
Institution of the Sacrament of Holy Orders
- Sacrament of Holy Orders or Ordination
is the Sacrament through which a male
Catholic is consecrated Deacon, Priest,
or Bishop, for the purpose of perduring
until the end of time the Sacred
Ministry entrusted by Christ to His
Apostles.
- Coming from the Latin word Ordo,
which is Latin for “body”, which was
used in Ancient Rome for civil
appointments, then adopted by the
early Church to signify consecration to
an ecclesiastical ministry.
When is the Sacrament instituted?
- The Sacrament of Holy Orders was
instituted during the Last Supper, when
He said to His Apostles: “Do this in
memory of me”. (Like 22:19)
What Happens in the Holy Orders?
- “The man who is ordained receives a
gift of the Holy Spirit that gives him a
sacred authority that is conferred upon
by him by Christ through the Bishop.
(CCC 1538)
The priest receives a definite power and a
mission for his brothers and sisters in faith as a
gift through the Holy Orders.
How Does the Church Understand the
Sacrament of Holy Orders
“The priests of the Old Covenant saw their duty
things, between God and His people. Since
Christ is the “one mediator between God and
men”. (1 Tim 2:5)
- He perfected and ended that
priesthood. After Christ there can be an
ordained priesthood only in Christ, in
Christ’s sacrifice on the Cross, and
through a calling and apostolic mission
from Christ.
- A Catholic priest who administers the
Sacraments acts “In persona Christi”
- Meaning in the person of Christ and not
on his own, but through the
transforming, healing, saving power of
Christ grafted unto him.
- “Jesus appointed Twelve, whom he also
named Apostles, that they might be
with Him, and He might them forth to
preach.”
- A priest is nothing but above all, a
servant. The distinguishing
characteristic of every authentic priest
is humble astonishment of his own
vocation.
The Three Priestly Powers also known as Sacra
Potesta are commissioned by Jesus to His
Apostles when He declared:
“Go, therefore, and make disciples of all
nations, baptizing them in the name of the
Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,
teaching them to observe all that I have
commanded you.” (Mt 28:19-20)
Teaching Minister of the Sacrament – The Bishop

- Sacred duty to preach God’s Word in a The Bishop, who can confer the three degrees
dignified, competent, and effective of Diaconate (Deacon), Presbyterate (Priest),
manner Episcopate (Bishop) on his own accord.

Sanctifying

- Obligation to celebrate the Sacraments This is the Church’s unbroken tradition since the
for the glory of God and the salvation of times of the Apostles, who reserved themselves
souls the administration of the sublime Sacrament.

Governing

- To establish and administer the Church Apostolic Succession

for the love of God and of his children.
- The Apostolic Succession is the
Graces conferred by the Sacrament of unbroken chain of Ordinations
Ordination connecting all Bishops throughout
history to one of the Apostles, and
Incorporation of the Holy Orders
thereby, to Jesus.
Grace of State Sacred Character

UNIT 4 LESSON 2: RITES OF THE HOLY ORDERS

Basic Requirements of the Sacraments of Holy
Orders
1. Diaconate (Deacon)
1. A vocation for the ordained ministry
- Came from the Greek word, “Diakonos”
coming from God
meaning “Servant”
- Which manifested in the zeal for the
- They are the Ordained Ministers of the
glory of God and the salvation of souls.
First Degree, whose mission is caring for
the needy and serving the Church.
2. Physical and Psychological health
- Enabling the candidate to fulfill his
Principal functions of a Deacon
ministry without hindrance.
- Ministry of the Word
- Ministry of the Altar
3. Human maturity and Emotional
- Ministry of Charity
stability
- Which are required to deal with What Happens in diaconal ordination?
serenity with people of every age and
- In a diaconal ordination the candidate is
gender.
appointed for a special service within
the Sacrament of Holy Orders.
4. Adequate intelligence and theological
- For He represents Christ as the one who
culture
came, “not to be served but to be serve,
- Being indispensable for preaching the
and to not give his life as his ransom for
Word of God and guiding souls
many” (Mt 20:28)
 In the Liturgy of Ordination, we read
“As a minister of the Word, and of
charity, the Deacon will make himself a
Servant to all.”
Matter of the Sacrament
- They receive the Gospel or the
Evangelarium, as a sign of mission to
preach the Good News
- “They presented these men to the
Apostles who prayed and laid hands on
them.” (Acts 6:6)
Form of the Sacrament
- “Send forth upon him, Lord, we pray,
the Holy Spirit, that he may be
strengthened by the gift of your
sevenfold grace for the faithful carrying
out the work of the ministry.”
2. Presbyterate (Priest)
- The priests came from the Greek word
“Presbyteros” meaning “Elder”
- As the Ordained Ministers of the
Second Degree, they offer Holy Sacrifice
to God and to administer the
Sacraments of the Church.
Principal Functions of a Priest
- Preach the Gospel
- Shepherd the faithful
- Celebrate Divine Worship
What happens in priestly ordination?
- In priestly ordination, the Bishop calls
down God’s power upon the candidate
for ordination. It imprints upon the
souls of these men an indelible seal that
can never be lost. As a collaborator with
his bishop, the priest will now proclaim
the Word of God, administers the
Sacraments, and above all, celebrates
the Holy Eucharist.
Matter of the Sacrament
- For the priests, they receive the Paten
and Chalice, as symbols of power to
celebrate the Eucharist.
Form of the Sacrament
- “Grant, we pray, Almighty Father, on
this, your servant, the dignity of the
priesthood; renew deep within him the
Spirit of holiness; may he henceforth
possess this office which comes from
you, O God, and is next in rank to the
office of the Bishop; and by example of
his manner of life, may he instill right
conduct.”
3. Episcopate (Bishop)
- The Bishops are coming from the Greek
word, “Episkopos” meaning,
“Supervisor”
- As the Ordained Ministers of the Third
Degree, they possess the fullness of the
Sacrament of Ordination.
- As the Vicar of Christ, each bishop has
the pastoral responsibility for a
particular diocese entrusted to him and
needs to care for all the Churches. As
the legitimate successor of the Apostles
he has responsibility in solidarity for the
apostolic mission of the Church.
What Happens in Episcopal Ordination?
- “In episcopal ordination, the fullness of
the sacrament of Holy Orders is
conferred upon a Priest. He is ordained
a successor of the Apostles and enters
the college of Bishops. Together with
the other bishops and the Pope, he is
now responsible for the entire Church.
In particular, the Church appoints him
 to the offices teaching, sanctifying, and
governing.”
- The episcopal ministry goes all the way
back to the original witnesses to Jesus,
The Apostles, and the pastoral ministry
instituted by Christ.
How important for a Catholic Christian is his
Bishop?
- “A Catholic Christian feels that he is
under obligation to his Bishop; the
bishop appointed for him, too, as
Christ’s Representative. Moreover, the
Bishop who exercises his pastoral
ministry together with the Priests and
Deacons as his ordained assistants, is
the visible principle and the foundation
of the local Church (diocese).”
Matter of the Sacrament
- The matter of the sacrament of
Ordination is the “Laying of Hands by
the Bishop” as documented by St. Paul
in the episcopal ordination
The signs of the office received by the bishop
are the:
1. Ring as sign of their fidelity to the
Church.
2. Miter for his authority, and
3. Crosier for his jurisdiction.
Form of the Sacrament
- “Pour out now upon this chosen one
that power which is from you, the Spirit
of governance whom you gave to your
beloved Son, Jesus Christ, the Spirit
whom he bestowed upon the holy
Apostles, who established the Church in
each place as your sanctuary for the
glory and unceasing praise of your
name.”
UNIT 4 LESSON 4: SACRAMENT OF
MATRIMONY
What is the Institution of Matrimony?
- By divine institution, Christian
Matrimony is:
“The permanent, covenant of love,
between a qualified man and woman
intended for their common good, and
for their procreation and education of
Children.”
Permanent – The eternal conjugal
covenant before God.
Covenant of Love – A true marriage out
of love.
Between a qualified man and woman –
Monogamous and heterosexual.
Intended for common good –
Reciprocal well-being of spouses.
For procreation and education of
children – Giving life to children
Jesus instituted the Holy Matrimony when He
said:
- “For this reason a man will leave His
father and mother and be united to his
wife, and the two will become one
flesh; so they are no longer two, but
one flesh. Therefore, what God has
joined together, no human being must
separate.” (Mt. 19:5-6)
How does the Sacrament of Matrimony come
about?
- A promise made by a man and a
woman before God and the Church.
 - It is binding until the death of one of
the partners.
Why did God dispose man and woman for each
other?
- So that they might be “no longer two
but one”
- They are to live in love, be fruitful, and
thus become a sign of God himself.
Why is Matrimony a Sacrament?
Because of the
- Permanent
- Exclusive
- Fruitful covenant of love between
Christian spouses
- Established from the beginning of
Creation and consecrated by Jesus,
signifies the union of Christ and the
Church.
- Symbolizes eternal life in paradise
Essential Properties of Marriage
- Openness to life
- Unity
- Indissolubility
Why is marriage indissoluble?
1. The essence of love is mutual self –
giving without reservations;
2. It is the image of God’s unconditional
faithfulness to his creation,
3. Represents Christ’s devotion to His
Church, event unto death on the Cross.
Unity – Physical and spiritual well-being of
spouses
Openness to life – Giving life to human beings
who will enrich the family, Church, and the
world.
Not everyone is called to marriage.
Domestic Church
- Basic community of faith and love
- Essential for the growth of the Church
and well-being of society
- Seedbed of religious and priestly
vocations
- The family as a “Church in miniature”
What does it mean that the family is a “Church
in miniature?”
- “What the Church is on the large-scale,
the family is on the small-scale: an
image of God’s love in human
fellowship. Indeed, every marriage is
perfected in openness to other, to the
children that God sends, in mutual
acceptance, in hospitality and being for
others.”
- They are derived from The Holy Family
who live in perfect harmony among
themselves, with God, and their
neighbors.
Three Basic Values of a Christian Family
1. Humility – spirit of service for one
another
2. Simplicity – frugality in the purchase
and fruiting of material things
3. Joy – serene disposition to share in
mutual love the happy and sad
moments in life.
Requirements for marriage
1. Free Consent
2. Affirmation of a life-long commitment
3. Openness to children
The most profound thing about a Christian
marriage, however, is the couple’s knowledge.
The priest will look for the following good times and in bad, in sickness and
documents: in health and vow to each other: I will
love you and honor you all the days of
1. Marriage License
my life.”
2. Baptismal Certificate
- The celebrant ratifies the wedding and
3. Confirmation Certificate
administers the blessing.
4. Canonical Interview
5. Marriage Banns Minister of the Sacrament – Spouses
6. Pre-cana Seminar
Matter and Form of the Sacrament
7. Confession
- “I will take you to be my wife/ husband”
Are Confession and Confirmation Prerequisites
- Exchange of Consent – is the efficient
for Marriage?
cause of Matrimony, since it affects the
- Those who have not received the exclusive and everlasting conjugal
Sacrament of Confirmation are to covenant of love
receive it before being admitted to - This can be rephrased in question-and-
Holy Matrimony. answer format, where the Priest asks to
- They need to complete the Christian both spouses:
initiation and receive the fullness of “Name, do you take Name here
the Holy Spirit to prosper in their present, for your lawful husband/ wife,
married life and to give examples to according to the rite of our Holy
their future children. Mother, the Church?”
- Similarly, the spouse must have a good
Confession soon before their marriage. - And the spouses individually reply,
“Yes, I do”
What should be done if a Catholic wants to
marry a non-Catholic Christian?

- Church approval must be obtained for

the wedding.
- This because a so-called “mixed” (that
is, interdenominational) marriage
requires both partners a special fidelity
to Christ.

Rites of the Holy Matrimony

- As a rule a wedding must take place

publicly
- The bride and the groom are
questioned as to their intention to
marry.
- The priest or the Deacon blesses their
rings.
- The bride and the groom exchange rings
and mutually promise: “…to be true in