Heat Class 7 Science Chapter 4

Very Short Answer Type

Question 1. In a mercury thermometer, the level of mercury rises when its bulb comes in contact
with a hot object. What is the reason for this rise in the level of mercury? [HOTSl
Answer:As the temperature increases, then expansion in mercury takes place which leads to the
rise in the level of mercury in thermometer.

Question 2. Shopkeepers selling ice blocks usually cover them with jute sacks. Explain why.
[NCERT Exemplar; HOTS]
Answer: As we know that jute sacks is thermal insulators, it helps ice not to be melt immediately.
So, shopkeepers used to cover ice blocks with jute sacks.

Question 3. The radiators in cars are painted black. Explain why. [HOTS]
Answer: Since, the black bodies are better radiators, so due to this reason, radiators in cars are
painted black.

Question 4. To keep her soup warm, Paheli wrapped the container in which it was kept with a
woollen clothes. Can she apply the same method to keep a glass of cold drink cool? Give reason
for your Answer: [NCERT Exemplar; HOTS]
Answer: yes, she can apply the same method to keep a glass of cold drink cool because wool is a
thermal insulator, and it cannot allow to heat pass through it.

Question 5. A laboratory thermometer A is kept 7 cm away on the side of the flame while a similar
thermometer B is kept 7 cm above the flame of a candle as shown in figure. Which of the
thermometers A or Swill show a greater rise in temperature? Give reason for your answer:
[NCERT Exemplar]

Answer: Thermometer B will show a greater rise in temperature because heated air above the
candle rises immediately and increase the temperature of bulb of thermometer B quite greater
than A.

Question 6 While constructing a house in a coastal area, in which direction should the windows
preferably face and why?
Answer: Window should preferably towards the sea beach so that the sea breeze coming from sea
keeps the house cool during the day time.

Question 7. A circular metal loop is heated at point O as shown in figure. [NCERT Exemplar]

(a) In which direction, would heat flow in the loop?

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(b) In which order, the pins at points P, Q and R fixed with the help of wax fall if points O, P, Q and
R are equidistant from each other?
Answer:
(a) Heat will flow in both the directions from O to P and from O to R.
(b) First of all pin at P and R will fall simultaneously after that pin at Q will fall.

Question 8.The mercury does not fall or rise in a clinical thermometer when taken out of the
mouth. Explain why.
Answer: Because of the kink present in the thermometer, the mercury does not fall or rise.

Question 9. If a pan is removed from the fire, then why does it cool down?
Answer: When a pan is removed from the fire, it loses heat to the surroundings by radiation and it
cools down.

Question 10 Name the mode of transfer of heat in which medium is not required.
Answer: Radiation is the mode of transfer of heat in which medium is not required.

Question 11.It is preferred to use two thin blankets rather than one thick blanket. Explain the
reason. [HOTS]
Answer: In case of two thin blankets, there is an air gap which does not allow heat pass out from
the body and it is not as such as in case of one thick blanket.

Question 12. Why is it advised not to hold the thermometer by its bulb while reading it?
Answer: It is advised not to hold the thermometer bulb while reading it as the level of mercury
increases from the actual reading by our body temperature.

Question 13. Briefly mention one application of kink in the clinical thermometer.
Answer: The clinical thermometer consists of kink which prevents the mercury level from falling on
its own.

Question 14. Explain how we find out how hot an object really is.
Answer: By using thermometer, we can measure the degree of hotness of a body.

Question 15. Is the body temperature of every person 37°C?

Answer: No, the body temperature of every person is not 37°C. It is an average temperature. It
could be slightly higher or slightly lower.

Question 16. How can we measure the temperature of other object rather than human body?
Answer: Temperature of other object is measured with laboratory thermometer because clinical
thermometer is not suitable for higher temperature.

Question 17. How does the heat travel in air?

Answer: Heat travels in air through convection.

Question 18. We are advised to use an umbrella when you go out in the sun. Comment.
Answer: We use an umbrella to protect us from heat coming from the sun in the form of radiation.

Question 19. You may have noticed that a few sharp jerks are given to clinical thermometer before
using it. Why is it done so? [NCERT Exemplar; HOTS]
Answer: Jerks are given to clinical thermometer before using it to settle down the mercury level
below normal temperature so that the measurement taken of a body be accurate.

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 Short Answer Type
Heat Class 7 Science Extra Questions Long Answer Type
Question 1.
Explain the differences between heat and temperature.
Answer:
The differences between heat and temperature are given as below
Heat Temperature

It is a form of energy which flows from one body to It is the thermal condition of a body that indicates

another when there is a difference in temperature whether and in which direction, heat will flow from

between the objects. one body to the other.

It is equal to the sum of internal energies of the It is proportional to average kinetic energy of the

molecules of a body. molecules of the body.

As a conclusion of exchange of heat between two

As a heat between two bodies, total amount of heat
bodies, sum of their temperatures before and after
of two bodies remains unchanged.
exchange is not same.

SI unit of heat is joule (J). SI unit of temperature is kelvin (K).

Question 2. Explain the reason for the following statement, “When heat is applied at the bottom of
the water vessel, then it gets heated more quickly than when it is heated at the top.” [HOTS]
Answer: The particles of water become more lighter and rise up in the middle. Due to this, the cold
particles of water which are heavier come down along the sides of the vessel. So, the convection
currents of heat are setup and water become hot. The moment, when the heat is applied at the
top, then the water present in the upper portion becomes hot and these hot water molecules get
fixed over the surface. Since, water is a bad conductor of heat, due to which water present at the
lower end (or bottom) of the vessel remains.

Question 3.Prove with the help of an experiment that heat radiation can travel through vacuum.
Answer: First of all, take a flat bottom flask and fix a rubber stopper having two holes in the mouth
of the flask. Shift a thermometer through one hole and a glass tube with stopper through the other
hole. Now, with the help of a vacuum pump, remove the air from the flask and try to record the

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temperature from the thermometer. Put a flask in the bright sunlight and we will observe that the
thermometer records a rise in temperature. So, on this basis, we can say that this experiment
proves that the heat radiation can travel through vacuum.

Question 4. On last Monday, Pankaj was dealing immense cough and cold. Besides this, he was
suffering from a great headache. So, he decided to take a leave on that day so that he could take
some rest at his home. After one hour he thought to check his fever through a clinical
thermometer, so before using it, he washed it and started shaking it very fastly in his hand, so that
the mercury level of thermometer gets reduced. At the same time, his elder brother Vishwas scold
him and suggested him to shake the thermometer slowly.
(a) State some precautionary measures while checking the fever through a clinical thermometer.
(b) Mention the values showed by the elder brother of Pankaj (i.e. Vishwas). [Value Based
Question]
Answer:
(a) The following precautionary measures while checking the fever through a clinical thermometer
are
(i) While reading the clinical thermometer, it should never be held by the bulb.
(ii) The clinical thermometer should be washed properly (before and after use).
(b) The values showed by the elder brother of Pankaj, Vishwas, are concern towards the way of
using the clinical thermometer and the importance of money as well.

Question 5. Last Sunday, Pooja on her week off entered in her kitchen to cook rice for her family in
lunch time. The moment she put fry pan on the gas stove and lighted it through the matchstick, all
of sudden her 5 years small daughter entered into the kitchen and tends to touch the hot fry pan.
At the same time, Pooja saw her and pushed her away from the hot fry pan. In this way, she saved
her child.
(a) Explain why do the fry pan are provided with the plastic handles?
(b) Mention the values represented by Pooja here towards her 5 years small daughter. [Value
Based Question]
Answer:
(a) As we know that plastic is a bad conductor of heat which does not allow the heat to pass
through itself. So, heat from the fry pan does not flow to the handle due to which we can hold it
easily. So that’s why, the fry pans are provided with the plastic handles.
(b) The value showed by Pooja here is a great concern and careless towards her five years old
small daughter.

Question 6. Describe in detail about the occurrence of oceanic currents.

Answer: Since, it is a fact that the water present in the ocean (near the equator) is heated by the
sun to a very higher temperature than the water near the poles of the earth. It is due to the falling
of the sun rays perpendicularly in the equatorial region. So, in the equatorial region, the ocean
water expands and becomes lighter.
While on the other side, the water in the polar region remains cold and heavy. It leads to the flow
of convection currents of heat of warm water from the equator towards the poles.
Heat of the cold-water flow from the poles towards the equator just below the surface of ocean.
So, these types of currents are known as oceanic currents.

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1. A marble tile would feel cold as compared to a wooden tile on a winter morning
because the marble tile
(a) is a better conductor of heat than the wooden tile
(b) is polished while wooden tile is not polished
(c) reflects more heat than wooden tile
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(d) is a poor conductor of heat than the wooden tile

Answer:
(a) is a better conductor of heat than the wooden tile

Question 2.A beggar wrapped himself with a few layers of newspaper on a cold winter night. This
helped him to keep himself warm because [NCERT Exemplar]
(a) friction between the layers of newspaper produces heat
(b) air trapped between the layers of newspaper is a bad conductor of heat
(c) newspaper is a conductor of heat
(d) newspaper is at a higher temperature than the temperature of the surroundings
Answer:
(b) air trapped between the layers of newspaper is a bad conductor of heat

Question 3.
Heat always flows
(a) from a colder object to a hotter object
(b) from a hotter object to a colder object
(c) in both the directions
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(b) from a hotter object to a colder object

Question 4.
Paheli and Boojho measured their body temperature. Paheli found her to be 98.6°F and Boojho
recorded 37°C. Which of the following statements is true?
(a) Paheli has a higher body temperature than Boojho.
(b) Paheli has a lower body temperature than Boojho.
(c) Both have normal body temperature.
(d) Both are suffering from fever.
Answer:
(c) These two temperatures are different scales but their actual values are equal.

Question 5.
Boojho has three thermometers as shown in figure. He wants to measure the temperature of his
body and that of boiling water. Which thermometer(s) should he choose? [NCERT Exemplar]

(a) Thermometers (i) and (iii) for measuring body temperature and (ii) for measuring the
temperature of boiling water
(b) Thermometer (i) for measuring temperature of both
(c) Thermometer (ii) for measuring temperature of both
(d) Thermometer (iii) for measuring temperature of both
Answer:
(a) Thermometers (i) and (iii) are clinical thermometer and (ii) is laboratory thermometer.

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Question 6.
Four arrangements to measure temperature of ice in beaker with laboratory thermometer are
shown in figure (a, b, c, d). Which one of them shows the correct arrangement for accurate
measurement of temperature?

Answer:
(a) Thermometer (a) has been put in correct way to measure the temperature.

Question 7.
Figure (a, b, c, d) shows the reading of four different thermometers. Indicate which of the reading
shows the normal human body temperature?

Answer:
(c) As we know that normal body temperature is 37°C. So, correct option is (c). .

Question 8.
Figure (a, b, c, d) shows a student reading of a doctor’s thermometer. Which of the figure indicates
the correct method of reading temperature? [NCERT Exemplar]

Answer:
(a) In first case, eyes of student are in level of the thermometer, so it is correct way to measure
temperature using clinical thermometer.

Fill in the Blanks

Question 1.
Temperature is the measure of …….. of an object.
Answer: hotness

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Question 2.
The thermometer used to measure human body temperature is called …….. thermometer.
Answer:
clinical

Question 3.
The normal temperature of human body is …….. °C.
Answer:
37

Question 4.
A …… near the bulb of a clinical thermometer prevents mercury level from falling of its own.
Answer:
kink

Question 5.
In ……. generally, the heat is transferred by the process of conduction.
Answer:
solids

Question 6.
The water and air are …… conductors of heat.
Answer:
poor

Question 7.
In coastal areas, cold air flows in the day from sea to land. It is called …….
Answer:
sea breeze

Question 8.
When we come out in the sun, we feel ……..
Answer:
warm

Question 9.
All hot bodies radiate ……..
Answer:
heat

Question 10.
Wool is a ……. conductor of heat.
Answer:
poor
True/False

Question 1.
Our sense of touch about hotness or coldness is not always reliable.
Answer:
True

Question 2.
Normal temperature of human body is 98.6°C.
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Answer:
False, it is because the normal temperature of human body is 37°C.

Question 3.
In all cases, heat flows from a hotter object to a colder object.
Answer:
True

Question 4.
Water at higher temperature feels more hot.
Answer:
True

Question 5.
Marking on clinical thermometer is from 0°C to 100°C.
Answer:
False, it is because the markings on the clinical thermometer is from 35°C to 100°C.

Question 6.
Shining thread in thermometer is the column of mercury.
Answer:
True

Question 7.
The materials which allow heat to pass through them easily are called conductors.
Answer:
True

Question 8.
Water and air are good conductors of heat.
Answer:
False, it is because water and air are the poor conductors of heat.

Match the Columns

Question 1.
Match the Column I with Column II.
Column 1 Column II

(a) Conduction (i) Wood, plastic, wool, air, water

(b) Convection (ii) Requires no medium

(c) Radiation (iii) Solids

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(d) Conductors (iv) Metals

(e)Insulators (v) Liquids

Answer:
(a)-(ii). (b)-(v), (c)-(ii), (d)-(iv), (e)-(i)

Question 2.
Match the Column I with Column II.
Column 1 Column II

(a) Land breeze (i) Night

(b) Sea breeze (ii) A device to measure the degree of hotness

(c) Dark coloured surfaces (iii) Poor absorbers of heat

(d) Light coloured surfaces (iv) Good absorbers of heat

Thermometer (v) Day time

Answers:
(a)-(i), (b)-(v), (c)-(iv), (d)-(iii), (e)-(ii)

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