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    This document summarizes a study that systematically verified seven published activated sludge models by checking for errors in kinetic rate expressions, stoichiometric coefficients, and other aspects of model development and implementation. The models investigated were ASM1, ASM2d, ASM2d+TUD, ASM3+Bio-P, ASM1+Bio-P, ASM3, and UCTPHO+. Errors found in the models are reported in detail. An attached spreadsheet provides calculations to verify stoichiometric coefficients for the models. The study aims to improve model quality by identifying issues in published model descriptions.

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    This document summarizes a study that systematically verified seven published activated sludge models by checking for errors in kinetic rate expressions, stoichiometric coefficients, and other aspects of model development and implementation. The models investigated were ASM1, ASM2d, ASM2d+TUD, ASM3+Bio-P, ASM1+Bio-P, ASM3, and UCTPHO+. Errors found in the models are reported in detail. An attached spreadsheet provides calculations to verify stoichiometric coefficients for the models. The study aims to improve model quality by identifying issues in published model descriptions.

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    13 views315 pages

    Copyof Water Wiki 2 Gujer Matricesfor 7 Publishedmodels 20110928

    Uploaded by

    nguyen an
    This document summarizes a study that systematically verified seven published activated sludge models by checking for errors in kinetic rate expressions, stoichiometric coefficients, and other aspects of model development and implementation. The models investigated were ASM1, ASM2d, ASM2d+TUD, ASM3+Bio-P, ASM1+Bio-P, ASM3, and UCTPHO+. Errors found in the models are reported in detail. An attached spreadsheet provides calculations to verify stoichiometric coefficients for the models. The study aims to improve model quality by identifying issues in published model descriptions.

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    of 315

    Version 28/09/2011

    A systematic approach for model verification –


    Application on seven published Activated Sludge Models

    H. Hauduca,b, L. Riegerb,c, I. Takácsd, A. Héduita, P.A. Vanrolleghemb and S. Gillota*

    a
    Cemagref, UR HBAN, Parc de Tourvoie, BP 44, F-92163 Antony Cedex, France.
    b
    modelEAU, Université Laval, Département de génie civil, Pavillon Adrien-Pouliot, 1065 av. de la Médecine, Québec (QC), G1
    c
    EnviroSim Associates Ltd., 7 Innovation Drive, Suite 205, Flamborough (ON), L9H 7H9, Canada.
    d
    EnviroSim Europe, 15 Impasse Fauré, 33000 Bordeaux, France.

    * Corresponding author (E-mail: Sylvie.gillot@cemagref.fr)

    Abstract
    The quality of simulation results can be significantly affected by errors in the published model (typing, inconsistencies, ga
    numerical model description. Seven of the most commonly used activated sludge models have been investigated to point ou
    model publications: (1) ASM1 (Henze et al., 1987; republished in Henze et al., 2000a); (2) ASM2d (Henze et al., 1999; repub
    al., 1999; corrected version published in Gujer et al., 2000); (4) ASM3+Bio-P (Rieger et al., 2001); (5) ASM2d+TUD (Meijer, 2
    UCTPHO+ (Hu et al., 2007).

    A systematic approach to verify models by tracking typing errors and inconsistencies in model development and software im
    kinetic rate expressions are checked for each model and the errors found are reported in detail. An attached spreadsheet (s
    with the calculations of all stoichiometric coefficients for the discussed biokinetic models and gives an example of proper conti

    Keywords ASM, Continuity, Composition Matrix, Errors, Gujer Matrix, Model implementation, Petersen Matrix

    Reference:

    H. Hauduc, L. Rieger, I. Takács, A. Héduit, P.A. Vanrolleghem and S. Gillot (2010). A systematic approach for mod
    Original publication Henze M., Grady C. P. L. Jr, Gujer W., Marais G. v. R. and Matsuo T. (2000) Activated Sludge Model No. 1, IWA Publishing, Scientific and Technical Report No. 9, London IWA.

    Corrections added term corrected term term to be careful with

    Corrected Matrix: Original Notation


    SI SS XI XS XB,H XB,A XP SO SNO SNH SND XND SALK SN2 Pocess rate
    Aerobic growth of -1/YH -(1-YH)/YH -iXB -iXB*iCharge_SNHx μH*[SS/(KS+SS)]*[SO/(KO,H+SO)]*[SNH/(KNH,H+SNH)]*XB,H
    1
    heterotrophs
    1

    -(1-YH)/
    Anoxic growth of -(1-YH)/ (1-YH)/
    2 -1/YH 1 -iXB (iNO3,N2*YH)*iCharge_SNOx- μH*[SS/(KS+SS)]*[KO,H/(KO,H+SO)]*[SNO/(KNO+SNO)]*[SNH/(KNH,H+SNH)]*ηg*XB,H
    heterotrophs (iNO3,N2*YH) (iNO3,N2*YH)
    iXB*iCharge_SNHx
    -
    Aerobic growth of -(-iCOD_NO3-
    3 1 1/YA -iXB-1/YA (iXB+1/YA)*iCharge_SNHx+(1/YA)* μA*[SNH/(KNH+SNH)]*[SO/(KO,A+SO)]*XB,A
    autotrophs YA)/YA
    iCharge_SNOx

    4 Decay of heterotrophs 1-fP -1 fP iXB-fP*iXP bH*XB,H

    5 Decay of autotrophs 1-fP -1 fP iXB-fP*iXP bA*XB,A

    Ammonification of soluble iCharge_SNHx ka*SND*XB,H


    6
    organic Nitrogen
    1 -1

    Hydrolysis of entrapped kH*[(XS/XB,H)/(KX+XS/XB,H)]*([SO/(KO,H+SO)]+ηh*[KO,H/(KO,H+SO)]*[SNO/


    7
    organics
    1 -1
    (KNO+SNO)])*XB,H

    Hydrolysis of entrapped kH*(XND/XS)*[(XS/XB,H)/(KX+XS/XB,H)]*([SO/(KO,H+SO)]+ηh*[KO,H/(KO,H+SO)]*[SNO/


    8
    organic nitrogen
    1 -1
    (KNO+SNO)])*XB,H

    Composition Matrix
    COD 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 -1 iCOD_NO3 0 0 0 0 iCOD_N2
    N 0 0 0 0 iXB iXB iXP 0 1 1 1 1 0 1
    Charge 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 iCharge_SNOx iCharge_SNHx 0 0 -1 0

    Corrected Matrix: Standardised Notation


    SU SB XU,Inf XCB XOHO XANO XU,E SO2 SNOX SNHX SB,N XCB,N SAlk SN2 Pocess rate
    Aerobic growth of -1/YOHO -(1-YOHO)/YOHO -iN_XBio -iN_XBio*iCharge_SNHx μOHO,Max*[SB/(KSB,OHO+SB)]*[SO2/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SNHX/(KNHx,OHO+SNHX)]*XOHO
    1
    heterotrophs
    1

    -(1-YOHO)/
    Anoxic growth of -(1-YOHO)/ (1-YOHO)/ μOHO,Max*[SB/(KSB,OHO+SB)]*[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*[SNHX/
    2 -1/YOHO 1 -iN_XBio (iNO3,N2*YOHO)*iCharge_SNOx-
    heterotrophs (iNO3,N2*YOHO) (iNO3,N2*YOHO) (KNHx,OHO+SNHX)]*nμOHO,Ax*XOHO
    iN_XBio*iCharge_SNHx

    -
    Aerobic growth of -(-iCOD_NO3-
    3 1 1/YANO -iN_XBio-1/YANO (iN_XBio+1/YANO)*iCharge_SNHx+(1 μANO,Max*[SNHX/(KNHx,ANO+SNHX)]*[SO2/(KO2,ANO+SO2)]*XANO
    autotrophs YANO)/YANO
    /YANO)*iCharge_SNOx

    iN_XBio-
    4 Decay of heterotrophs 1-fXU_Bio,lys -1 fXU_Bio,lys bOHO*XOHO
    fXU_Bio,lys*iN_XUE
    iN_XBio-
    5 Decay of autotrophs 1-fXU_Bio,lys -1 fXU_Bio,lys bANO*XANO
    fXU_Bio,lys*iN_XUE

    Ammonification of soluble iCharge_SNHx qam*SB,N*XOHO


    6 1 -1
    organic Nitrogen

    Hydrolysis of entrapped qXCB_SB,hyd*[(XCB/XOHO)/(KXCB,hyd+XCB/XOHO)]*([SO2/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]


    7 1 -1
    organics +nqhyd,Ax*[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,OHO+SNOx)])*XOHO

    Hydrolysis of entrapped qXCB_SB,hyd*(XCB,N/XCB)*[(XCB/XOHO)/(KXCB,hyd+XCB/XOHO)]*([SO2/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]


    8 1 -1
    organic nitrogen +nqhyd,Ax*[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,OHO+SNOx)])*XOHO

    Composition Matrix
    COD 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 -1 iCOD_NO3 0 0 0 0 iCOD_N2
    N 0 0 0 0 iN_XBio iN_XBio iN_XUE 0 1 1 1 1 0 1
    Charge 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 iCharge_SNOx iCharge_SNHx 0 0 -1 0
    Original publication Henze M., Gujer W., Mino T., Matsuo T., Wentzel M. C., Marais G.v.R., and van Loosdrecht M.C.M. (2000). Activated Sludge Model No. 2d, IWA Publishing, Scientific and Technical Report No. 9, London IWA.

    Corrections added term corrected term term to be careful with

    Corrected Matrix: Original Notation


    SO2 SF SA SNH4 SNO3 SPO4 SI SALK SN2 XI XS XH XPAO XPP XPHA XAUT XTSS XMeOH XMeP Kh*[SO2/
    Pocess rate
    (KKh*O2,HYD ηNO3,HYD +SO*
    -((1-fSI)*iN,SF+fSI*iN,SI- -((1-fSI)*iP,SF+fSI*iP,SI- [K )]*[(XS//XH)/
    2 O2,HYD
    1 Aerobic hydrolysis 1-fSI fSI iCharge_SNHx*v1_SNH4+iCharge_SPO4*v1_SPO4 -1 -iTSS,XS
    iN,XS) iP,XS) (KKh*O2,HYD η
    + *[K +S O2,O
    X fe
    μ
    ()]*[ XH*[ //SS
    XO2 // X
    ))]*
    -((1-fSI)*iN,SF+fSI*iN,SI- -((1-fSI)*iP,SF+fSI*iP,SI- 2
    HYD
    ((K
    S NO3 H
    + S
    2 Anoxic hydrolysis 1-fSI fSI iCharge_SNHx*v2_SNH4+iCharge_SPO4*v2_SPO4 -1 -iTSS,XS KO2,H +O2+SS)]
    iN,XS) iP,XS) H O2,HYD
    *[)]*[
    NO3,HYD O
    S)]*[( /
    FK XS/X
    μH*[+SSO2)]*[
    NO3
    2
    (/ K
    /
    NO3,HYD
    -((1-fSI)*iN,SF+fSI*iN,SI- -((1-fSI)*iP,SF+fSI*iP,SI- )/(FK +F S
    3 Anaerobic hydrolysis 1-fSI fSI iCharge_SNHx*v3_SNH4+iCharge_SPO4*v3_SPO4 -1 -iTSS,XS (KO2,HX+SO2)]
    H
    iN,XS) iP,XS) ((K / NO3,HYD
    X / X ))]* +X S
    μHS*Sη/NO3,H
    F
    *[ H *[K
    (NO3 SF)]*[(
    A+SAX)]*[ /XS
    (HKA,H / +S S)]*[
    4 Aerobic growth on SF -(1-YH)/YH -1/YH -(-1/YH*iN,SF+iN,BM) -(-1/YH*iP,SF+iP,BM) iCharge_SNHx*v4_SNH4+iCharge_SPO4*v4_SPO4 1 iTSS,BM O2,H
    )/(/KX+ A
    (SKO2,H
    H
    NH4
    / +SO2)]
    (K XANH4,H/XH+ SNH
    ))]* X
    (SSFNO3
    S
    *[ +S/A)]*[S
    iCharge_SNHx*v5_SNH4+iCharge_SPO4*v5_SPO4 μ )]*[ηSPO4 / K
    5 Aerobic growth on SA -(1-YH)/YH -1/YH -iN,BM -iP,BM 1 iTSS,BM (4HKH*NO3,H / NO3,H +S*[NO
    +iCharge_SVFA*v5_SA (KP,H
    NH4
    /S+S )]
    ()]*[
    O2,H
    3 KSNH4,H / PO4
    F +SNH
    *[
    ((K ALK+S )]
    /
    K +
    )]*[SPO4
    O2,H S )]*[
    F /
    O2 S
    (*[KSFALK,H
    4
    /+SALK
    iCharge_SNHx*v6_SNH4+iCharge_SPO4*v6_SPO4 (K / NO3 +SPO4)]
    6 Anoxic growth on SF -1/YH -(-1/YH*iN,SF+iN,BM) -(1-YH)/(iNO3,N2*YH) -(-1/YH*iP,SF+iP,BM) (1-YH)/(iNO3,N2*YH) 1 iTSS,BM F
    ()]* K XP,H
    H +SNO
    +iCharge_SNOx*v6_SNO3 (*[SSF+S/A)]*[S NO3,H
    )]*[/ALKS A/
    (3KALK,H
    NH4 +SALK
    ((K +S )]*[
    qKfeX
    )]* A,H +AS
    *[HKO2,H/NH
    NH4,H
    iCharge_SNHx*v7_SNH4+iCharge_SPO4*v7_SPO4 S)]*[ / SPO4
    7 Anoxic growth on SA -1/YH -iN,BM -(1-YH)/(iNO3,N2*YH) -iP,BM (1-YH)/(iNO3,N2*YH) 1 iTSS,BM (4KAO2,H +S/O2)]
    +iCharge_SNOx*v7_SNO3+iCharge_SVFA*v7_SA ((S +S )]*[S
    *[KKFP,H +S
    NO3,H PO4
    A
    / )]
    *[ S / /
    (KNO3,H
    NH4
    ALK +SNO
    iCharge_SNHx*v8_SNH4+iCharge_SPO4*v8_SPO4 ((K K NH4,H+S NH
    +S
    8 Fermentation -1 1 iN,SF iP,SF 3 ALK,H
    )]*[ S / ALK
    +iCharge_SVFA )]*[SFPO4/
    (qKPPX
    )]*
    4
    q +SO2
    *[
    fe H*[S
    / S
    )]*[
    F /
    (KPHA +SAPO4)]
    -(fXI*iN,XI+(1-fXI)*iN,XS- -(fXI*iP,XI+(1-fXI)*iP,XS-
    (K
    (ALK ++SSAO)]
    P,H
    /
    KHS*O2,PAO
    9 Lysis iCharge_SNHx*v9_SNH4+iCharge_SPO4*v9_SPO4 fXI 1-fXI -1 fXI*iTSS,XI+(1-fXI)*iTSS,XS-iTSS,BM b
    *[ X
    A,PAO /
    iN,BM) iP,BM) H
    KSALK,H
    )]*[ *S S
    /
    ALK
    (q ηPO4 /+
    (*[KPP
    2
    ALKNO3,PAO +SALK
    (K
    ()]* KSX +S +ALK )]
    ALK,H
    -iCharge_SVFA+iCharge_SPO4*YPO4- *[
    )]* XPSH / PO4 S
    10 Storage of XPHA -1 YPO4 -YPO4 1 -YPO4*iTSS,XPP+iTSS,XPHA ALK,PAO
    NO3
    (KS)]*[(
    *[ H /
    iCharge_XPAO,PP*YPO4 ALKNO3,PAOPP
    ALK X +/S X
    (KALK,PAO )/(KKPP
    )]*[ ++S
    NO3
    PAO O2,PA
    (OX
    ALK
    )]*[(
    / PP/XPAO X PHA ))]/
    11 Aerobic Storage of XPP -YPHA -1 -iCharge_SPO4+iCharge_XPAO,PP 1 -YPHA iTSS,XPP-YPHA*iTSS,XPHA (*XK XPAO )/ +S
    O2,PAO
    PAO O
    ()]*[ KPHA S+ /
    2 PO4
    ((K
    μ XPHA+ *[ /SXPAO/)]))
    PAOPS O2
    PO4
    ]*[(
    (*[KSO2,PAO KMAX / -+SO
    - ALK
    -YPHA*(1/iNO3,N2) iCharge_SPO4+iCharge_SNOx*v12_SNO3+iCharge_ YPHA*(1/iNO3,N2) -YPHA iTSS,XPP-YPHA*iTSS,XPHA X
    μ /
    PP S PAO
    KPAO X
    * η /+)/S
    12 Anoxic Storage of XPP -1 1 ()]*[
    2 ALK,PAO NH4
    NO3,PA
    (O(K K K
    *[iPP
    )]*[( +K
    O2,PAOXMAX +/S-/
    XPAO,PP ALKNH4,PAOPHA
    (XK XO2,PAO
    )]*[
    PP
    /)/XSPAO +S))] /O
    NH4 PAO PO4
    *2()]*[ XPAO
    K S+ NO3+S /
    P,PAO
    PHA PO
    -(1- KNO3,PAO
    13 Aerobic growth of XPAO -iN,BM -iP,BM iCharge_SNHx*v13_SNH4-iP,BM*iCharge_SPO4 1 -1/YPAO iTSS,BM-1/YPAO*iTSS,XPHA (()]*[
    4XPHA/ALK
    S XPAO / +S))
    YPAO)/YPAO
    (]*[(
    NO3
    )]*[
    KALK,PAO
    KMAX SNH4- +S/
    (XKNH4,PAO /XPAO
    )]*[( XPHA +)/S/
    -(1- (1- ALK PP
    iCharge_SNHx*v14_SNH4+iCharge_SNOx*v14_SNO X
    (KPAO )]*[ )/S
    + KPO4 /-
    14 Anoxic growth of XPAO -iN,BM YPAO)/YPAO*(1/iNO3, -iP,BM YPAO)/YPAO*(1/iNO3, 1 -1/YPAO iTSS,BM-1/YPAO*iTSS,XPHA NH4
    iPP MAX
    -i *i ((K K
    XPHA /X +PAO+S))]
    ) 3 P,BM Charge_SPO4 ) P,PAO
    PP
    PO
    N2 N2 b)]*[ S*X / *[))
    (*XPAO
    4
    PHA
    PAO PAO
    XPAO
    /ALK
    -(fXI*iN,XI+(1-fXI)*iN,XS- -(fXI*iP,XI+(1-fXI)*iP,XS- iCharge_SNHx*v15_SNH4+iCharge_SPO4*v15_SPO (S /
    15 Lysis of XPAO fXI 1-fXI -1 fXI*iTSS,XI+(1-fXI)*iTSS,XS-iTSS,BM ]*KX ALK
    ALK,PAO
    +S
    (bKPPALK,PAO *[SALK+/S
    PAO
    iN,BM) iP,BM) 4 )]*[(X /
    ALK PHA
    (μ
    b KAUT )] *[)/SO2 +/S /
    16 Lysis of XPP 1 iCharge_SPO4-iCharge_XPAO,PP -1 -iTSS,XPP XPHA
    ALK ALK,PAO
    PAO ALK
    )]*[XPP /X
    iCharge_SVFA -iTSS,XPHA
    (ALK
    (K KALK,PAO
    O2,AUT + ++SSO
    17 Lysis of XPHA 1 -1 )]*[
    PHA
    ]*SXNH4 / /))
    (2PAO
    ALKXPHA )]*[ /XXPAO
    PHA
    PAO
    (-iN,BM- ]*KX
    (X ]*X +S
    -(-iCOD_NO3- NH4,AUT
    PAO PAO PAO
    18 Aerobic growth of XAUT -iN,BM-1/YA 1/YA -iP,BM 1/YA)*iCharge_SNHx+1/YA*iCharge_SNOx- 1 iTSS,BM )]*[SPO4/
    YA)/YA NH4
    iP,BM*iCharge_SPO4 (KP,AUT+SPO
    )]*[SALK/
    -(fXI*iN,XI+(1-fXI)*iN,XS- -(fXI*iP,XI+(1-fXI)*iP,XS- iCharge_SNHx*v19_SNH4+iCharge_SPO4*v19_SPO 4
    19 Lysis fXI 1-fXI -1 fXI*iTSS,XI+(1-fXI)*iTSS,XS-iTSS,BM (bKAUT *XAUT +S
    iN,BM) iP,BM) ALK,AUT
    4
    ALK
    )]*XAUT
    kPRE*SPO4*X
    20 Precipitation -1 -iCharge_SPO4
    fMeOH_PO4,MW+fMeP_PO4,MW fMeOH_PO4,MW fMeP_PO4,MW MeOH
    kRED*XMeP*[
    SALK/
    21 Redissolution 1 iCharge_SPO4
    (KALK,PRE+S
    -(fMeOH_PO4,MW+fMeP_PO4,MW) -fMeOH_PO4,MW -fMeP_PO4,MW
    ALK
    )]
    Composition Matrix
    COD -1 1 1 iCOD_NO3 1 iCOD_N2 1 1 1 1 1 1
    N iN,SF 1 1 iN,SI 1 iN,XI iN,XS iN,BM iN,BM iN,BM
    P iP,SF 1 iP,SI iP,XI iP,XS iP,BM iP,BM 1 iP,BM iP_MeP
    iCharge_XPAO,
    Charge iCharge_SVFA iCharge_SNHx iCharge_SNOx iCharge_SPO4 -1
    PP

    TSS iTSS,XI iTSS,XS iTSS,BM iTSS,BM iTSS,XPP iTSS,XPHA iTSS,BM -1 1 1


    Corrected Matrix: Standardised Notation
    SO2 SF SVFA SNHx SNOx SPO4 SU SAlk SN2 XU XCB XOHO XPAO XPAO,PP XPAO,Stor XANO XTSS XMeOH XMeP Pocess rate

    -((1- -((1-
    1- fSU_XCB,hyd)*iN_SF+fSU_XCB,hy fSU_XCB,hyd)*iP_SF+fSU_XCB,h fSU_XCB,hyd
    1 Aerobic hydrolysis iCharge_SNHx*v1_SNHx+iCharge_SPO4*v1_SPO4 -1 -iTSS_XCB qXCB_SB,hyd*[SO2/(KO2,hyd+SO2)]*[(XCB/XOHO)/(KXCB,hyd+(XCB/XOHO))]*XOHO
    fSU_XCB,hyd
    *i -i
    d N_SU N_XCB
    ) *i -i
    yd P_SU P_XCB
    )

    -((1- -((1-
    1- qXCB_SB,hyd*nqhyd,Ax*[KO2,hyd/(KO2,hyd+SO2)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,hyd+SNOx)]*[(XCB/XOHO)/
    2 Anoxic hydrolysis fSU_XCB,hyd)*iN_SF+fSU_XCB,hy fSU_XCB,hyd)*iP_SF+fSU_XCB,h f iCharge_SNHx*v2_SNHx+iCharge_SPO4*v2_SPO4 -1 -iTSS_XCB
    fSU_XCB,hyd SU_XCB,hyd
    (KXCB,hyd+(XCB/XOHO))]*XOHO
    *i -i
    d N_SU N_XCB
    ) *i -i
    yd P_SU P_XCB
    )

    -((1- -((1-
    1- qXCB_SB,hyd*nqhyd,An*[KO2,hyd/(KO2,hyd+SO2)]*[KNOx,hyd/(KNOx,hyd+SNOx)]*[(XCB/XOHO)/
    3 Anaerobic hydrolysis fSU_XCB,hyd)*iN_SF+fSU_XCB,hy fSU_XCB,hyd)*iP_SF+fSU_XCB,h fSU_XCB,hyd iCharge_SNHx*v3_SNHx+iCharge_SPO4*v3_SPO4 -1 -iTSS_XCB
    fSU_XCB,hyd (KXCB,hyd+(XCB/XOHO))]*XOHO
    *i -i
    d N_SU N_XCB
    ) *i -i
    yd P_SU P_XCB
    )

    -(1- μOHO,Max*[SO2/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SF/(KSF,OHO+SF)]*[SF/(SF+SVFA)]*[SNHx/
    4 Aerobic growth on SF -1/YOHO -(-1/YOHO*iN_SF+iN_XBio) -(-1/YOHO*iP_SF+iP_XBio) iCharge_SNHx*v4_SNHx+iCharge_SPO4*v4_SPO4 1 iTSS_XBio
    YOHO)/YOHO (KNHx,OHO+SNHx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,OHO+SPO4)]*[SAlk/(KAlk,OHO+SAlk)]*XOHO

    -(1- iCharge_SNHx*v5_SNHx+iCharge_SPO4*v5_SPO4+ μOHO,Max*[SO2/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SVFA/(KVFA,OHO+SVFA)]*[SVFA/(SF+SVFA)]*[SNHx/


    5 Aerobic growth on SA -1/YOHO -iN_XBio -iP_XBio 1 iTSS_XBio
    YOHO)/YOHO iCharge_SVFA*v5_SVFA (KNHx,OHO+SNHx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,OHO+SPO4)]*[SAlk/(KAlk,OHO+SAlk)]*XOHO

    μOHO,Max*nμOHO,Ax*[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*[SF/
    -(1-YOHO)/ iCharge_SNHx*v6_SNHx+iCharge_SPO4*v6_SPO4 (1-YOHO)/
    6 Anoxic growth on SF -1/YOHO -(-1/YOHO*iN_SF+iN_XBio) -(-1/YOHO*iP_SF+iP_XBio) 1 iTSS_XBio (KSF,OHO+SF)]*[SF/(SF+SVFA)]*[SNHx/(KNHx,OHO+SNHx)]*[SPO4/
    (iNO3,N2*YOHO) +iCharge_SNOx*v6_SNOx (iNO3,N2*YOHO)
    (KPO4,OHO+SPO4)]*[SAlk/(KAlk,OHO+SAlk)]*XOHO

    iCharge_SNHx*v7_SNHx+iCharge_SPO4*v7_SPO4 μOHO,Max*nμOHO,Ax*[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*[SVFA/
    -(1-YOHO)/ (1-YOHO)/
    7 Anoxic growth on SA -1/YOHO -iN_XBio -iP_XBio +iCharge_SNOx*v7_SNOx+iCharge_SVFA*v7_SVF 1 iTSS_XBio (KVFA,OHO+SVFA)]*[SVFA/(SF+SVFA)]*[SNHx/(KNHx,OHO+SNHx)]*[SPO4/
    (iNO3,N2*YOHO) (iNO3,N2*YOHO)
    A
    (KPO4,OHO+SPO4)]*[SAlk/(KAlk,OHO+SAlk)]*XOHO

    iCharge_SNHx*v8_SNHx+iCharge_SPO4*v8_SPO4+ qSF_VFA,Max*[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[KNOx,OHO/(KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*[SF/
    8 Fermentation -1 1 iN_SF iP_SF
    iCharge_SVFA (Kfe+SF)]*[SAlk/(KAlk,OHO+SAlk)]*XOHO

    -(fXU_Bio,lys*iN_XU+(1- -(fXU_Bio,lys*iP_XU+(1- fXU_Bio,lys*iTSS_XU+(1-


    9 Lysis iCharge_SNHx*v9_SNHx+iCharge_SPO4*v9_SPO4 fXU_Bio,lys 1-fXU_Bio,lys -1 bOHO*XOHO
    fXU_Bio,lys)*iN_XCB-iN_XBio) fXU_Bio,lys)*iP_XCB-iP_XBio) fXU_Bio,lys)*iTSS_XCB-iTSS_XBio

    -
    -iCharge_SVFA+iCharge_SPO4*YPP_Stor,PAO- - qPAO,VFA_Stor*[SVFA/(KVFA,PAO+SVFA)]*[SAlk/(KAlk,PAO+SAlk)]*[(XPAO,PP/XPAO)/(KS,fPP_PAO+
    10 Storage of XStor -1 YPP_Stor,PAO 1 YPP_Stor,PAO*iTSS_XPAO,PP+iTSS_XPA
    iCharge_XPAO,PP*YPP_Stor,PAO YPP_Stor,PAO (XPAO,PP/XPAO))]*XPAO
    O,Stor

    qPAO,PO4_PP*[SO2/(KO2,PAO+SO2)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,PAO,upt+SPO4)]*[SAlk/
    iTSS_XPAO,PP-
    11 Aerobic Storage of XPP -(1/YStor_PP) -1 -iCharge_SPO4+iCharge_XPAO,PP 1 -(1/YStor_PP) (KAlk,PAO+SAlk)]*[(XPAO,Stor/XPAO)/(KfStor_PAO+(XPAO,Stor/XPAO))]*[(fPP_PAO,Max-
    (1/YStor_PP)*iTSS_XPAO,Stor
    XPAO,PP/XPAO)/(KI,fPP_PAO+fPP_PAO,Max-(XPAO,PP/XPAO))]*XPAO

    qPAO,PO4_PP*nμPAO*[SNOx/(KNOx,PAO+SNOx)]*[KO2,PAO/(KO2,PAO+SO2)]*[SPO4/
    - -
    (1/YStor_PP)*(1/iNO3,N iTSS_XPAO,PP- (KPO4,PAO,upt+SPO4)]*[SAlk/(KAlk,PAO+SAlk)]*[(XPAO,Stor/XPAO)/(KfStor_PAO+
    12 Anoxic Storage of XPP (1/YStor_PP)*(1/iNO3, -1 iCharge_SPO4+iCharge_SNOx*v12_SNOx+iCharge_ 1 -(1/YStor_PP)
    ) (1/YStor_PP)*iTSS_XPAO,Stor (XPAO,Stor/XPAO))]*[(fPP_PAO,Max-XPAO,PP/XPAO)/(KI,fPP_PAO+fPP_PAO,Max-
    N2
    ) XPAO,PP
    2
    (XPAO,PP/XPAO))]*XPAO

    -(1- μPAO,Max*[SO2/(KO2,PAO+SO2)]*[SNHx/(KNHx,PAO+SNHx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,PAO,nut+SPO4)]*[SAlk/
    13 Aerobic growth of XPAO -iN_XBio -iP_XBio iCharge_SNHx*v13_SNHx-iP_XBio*iCharge_SPO4 1 -1/YPAO iTSS_XBio-1/YPAO*iTSS_XPAO,Stor
    YPAO)/YPAO (KAlk,PAO+SAlk)]*[(XPAO,Stor/XPAO)/(KfStor_PAO+(XPAO,Stor/XPAO))]*XPAO

    -(1- (1- μPAO,Max*nμPAO*[KO2,PAO/(KO2,PAO+SO2)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,PAO+SNOx)]*[SNHx/


    iCharge_SNHx*v14_SNHx+iCharge_SNOx*v14_SNO
    14 Anoxic growth of XPAO -iN_XBio YPAO)/YPAO*(1/iNO3, -iP_XBio YPAO)/YPAO*(1/iNO3, 1 -1/YPAO iTSS_XBio-1/YPAO*iTSS_XPAO,Stor (KNHx,PAO+SNHx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,PAO,nut+SPO4)]*[SAlk/(KAlk,PAO+SAlk)]*[(XPAO,Stor/XPAO)/
    -i *i
    N2
    ) x P_XBio Charge_SPO4
    N2
    ) (KfStor_PAO+(XPAO,Stor/XPAO))]*XPAO

    -(fXU_Bio,lys*iN_XU+(1- -(fXU_Bio,lys*iP_XU+(1- iCharge_SNHx*v15_SNHx+iCharge_SPO4*v15_SPO fXU_Bio,lys*iTSS_XU+(1-


    15 Lysis of XPAO fXU_Bio,lys 1-fXU_Bio,lys -1 bPAO*XPAO*[SAlk/(KAlk,PAO+SAlk)]
    fXU_Bio,lys)*iN_XCB-iN_XBio) fXU_Bio,lys)*iP_XCB-iP_XBio) 4
    fXU_Bio,lys)*iTSS_XCB-iTSS_XBio

    16 Lysis of XPP 1 iCharge_SPO4-iCharge_XPAO,PP -1 -iTSS_XPAO,PP bPP_PO4*[SAlk/(KAlk,PAO+SAlk)]*[XPAO,PP/XPAO]*XPAO


    17 Lysis of XStor 1 iCharge_SVFA -1 -iTSS_XPAO,Stor bStor_VFA*[SAlk/(KAlk,PAO+SAlk)]*[XPAO,Stor/XPAO]*XPAO
    (-iN_XBio-
    -(-iCOD_NO3- μANO,Max*[SO2/(KO2,ANO+SO2)]*[SNHx/(KNHx,ANO+SNHx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,ANO+SPO4)]*[SAlk/
    18 Aerobic growth of XAUT -iN_XBio-1/YANO 1/YANO -iP_XBio 1/YANO)*iCharge_SNHx+1/YANO*iCharge_SNOx 1 iTSS_XBio
    YANO)/YANO (KAlk,ANO+SAlk)]*XANO
    -iP_XBio*iCharge_SPO4

    -(fXU_Bio,lys*iN_XU+(1- -(fXU_Bio,lys*iP_XU+(1- iCharge_SNHx*v19_SNHx+iCharge_SPO4*v19_SPO fXU_Bio,lys*iTSS_XU+(1-


    19 Lysis fXU_Bio,lys 1-fXU_Bio,lys -1 bANO*XANO
    fXU_Bio,lys)*iN_XCB-iN_XBio) fXU_Bio,lys)*iP_XCB-iP_XBio) 4
    fXU_Bio,lys)*iTSS_XCB-iTSS_XBio

    20 Precipitation -1 -iCharge_SPO4 qP,pre*SPO4*XMeOH


    fMeOH_PO4,MW+fMeP_PO4,MW fMeOH_PO4,MW fMeP_PO4,MW

    21 Redissolution 1 iCharge_SPO4 qP,red*XMeP*[SAlk/(KAlk,pre+SAlk)]


    -(fMeOH_PO4,MW+fMeP_PO4,MW) -fMeOH_PO4,MW -fMeP_PO4,MW

    Composition Matrix
    COD -1 1 1 iCOD_NO3 1 iCOD_N2 1 1 1 1 1 1
    N iN_SF 1 1 iN_SU 1 iN_XU iN_XCB iN_XBio iN_XBio iN_XBio
    P iP_SF 1 iP_SU iP_XU iP_XCB iP_XBio iP_XBio 1 iP_XBio iP_XMeP
    iCharge_XPAO,
    Charge iCharge_SVFA iCharge_SNHx iCharge_SNOx iCharge_SPO4 -1
    PP
    TSS iTSS_XU iTSS_XCB iTSS_XBio iTSS_XBio iTSS_XPAO,PP iTSS_XPAO,Stor iTSS_XBio -1 1 1
    Henze M., Gujer W., Mino T., Matsuo T., Wentzel M. C., Marais G.v.R., and van Loosdrecht M.C.M. (2000). Activated Sludge Model No. 2d, IWA Publishing, Scientific and Technical Report No. 9,
    Original publication London IWA.

    Corrections added term corrected term term to be careful with

    Corrected Matrix: Original Notation


    SO SS SNH4 SNOX SN2 SALK SI XI XS XH XSTO XA XSS Pocess rate

    -(1-fSI)*iN,SS-
    1 Hydrolysis 1-fSI v1_SNH4*iCharge_SNHx fSI -1 -iSS,XS kH*(XS/XH)/(KX+XS/XH)*XH
    fSI*iN,SI+iN,XS

    2 Aerobic storage of XSTO -(1-YSTO,O2) -1 iN,SS v2_SNH4*iCharge_SNHx YSTO,O2 YSTO,O2*iSS,STO kSTO*[SO/(KO2+SO2)]*[SS/(KS+SS)]*XH

    -(1-YSTO,NOX)/ (1-YSTO,NOX)/ kSTO*ηNOX*[KO2/(KO2+SO2)]*[SNOX/(KNOX+SNOX)]*[SS/


    3 Anoxic storage of XSTO -1 iN,SS v3_SNH4*iCharge_SNHx+v3_SNOX*iCharge_SNOx YSTO,NOX YSTO,NOX*iSS,STO
    (iNOx.N2) (iNOx.N2) (KS+SS)]*XH

    -(1- μH*[SO2/(KO2+SO2)]*[SNH4/(KNH4+SNH4)]*[SALK/
    4 Aerobic growth of XH -iN,BM v4_SNH4*iCharge_SNHx 1 -1/YH,O2 (-1/YH,O2)*iSS,STO+iSS,BM
    YH,O2)/YH,O2 (KALK_H+SALK)]*[(XSTO/XH)/(KSTO+XSTO/XH)]*XH

    -(1- (1- μH*ηNOX*[KO2/(KO2+SO2)]*[SNOX/(KNOX+SNOX)]*[SNH4/


    5 Anoxic growth of XH (denitrification) -iN,BM YH,NOX)/YH,NO YH,NOX)/YH,NO v5_SNH4*iCharge_SNHx+v5_SNOX*iCharge_SNOx 1 -1/YH,NOX (-1/YH,NOX)*iSS,STO+iSS,BM (KNH4+SNH4)]*[SALK/(KALK+SALK)]*[(XSTO/XH)/
    X
    *(1/iNOx.N2) X*(1/iNOx.N2) (KSTO+XSTO/XH)]*XH

    6 Aerobic endogenous respiration of XH -(1-fXI) -fXI*iN,XI+iN,BM v6_SNH4*iCharge_SNHx fXI -1 -iSS,BM+fXI*iSS,XI bH,O2*[SO2/(KO2+SO2)]*XH

    -(1-fXI)/ (1-fXI)/
    7 Anoxic endogenous respiration of XH -fXI*iN,XI+iN,BM v7_SNOX*iCharge_SNOx+v7_SNH4*iCharge_SNHx fXI -1 -iSS,BM+fXI*iSS,XI bH,NOX*[KO2/(KO2+SO2)]*[SNOX/(KNOX+SNOX)]*XH
    (iNOx.N2) (iNOx.N2)

    8 Aerobic respiration of XSTO -1 -1 -iSS,STO bSTO,O2*[SO2/(KO2+SO2)]*XSTO


    9 Anoxic respiration of XSTO -1/(iNOx.N2) 1/(iNOx.N2) v9_SNOX*iCharge_SNOx -1 -iSS,STO bSTO,NOX*[KO2/(KO2+SO2)]*[SNOX/(KNOX+SNOX)]*XSTO

    -(-iCOD_NO3- μA*[SO2/(KA,O2+SO2)]*[SNH4/(KA,NH4+SNH4)]*[SALK/
    10 Growth of XA (Nitrification) -1/YA-iN,BM 1/YA v10_SNH4*iCharge_SNHx+v10_SNOX*iCharge_SNOx 1 iSS,BM
    YA)/YA (KA,ALK+SALK)]*XA

    11 Aerobic endogenous respiration of XA -(1-fXI) -fXI*iN,XI+iN,BM v11_SNH4*iCharge_SNHx fXI -1 -iSS,BM+fXI*iSS,XI bA,O2*[SO2/(KA,O2+SO2)]*XA

    -(1-fXI)/ (1-fXI)/
    12 Anoxic endogenous respiration of XA -fXI*iN,XI+iN,BM v12_SNH4*iCharge_SNHx+v12_SNOX*iCharge_SNOx fXI -1 -iSS,BM+fXI*iSS,XI bA,NOX*[KA,O2/(KA,O2+SO2)]*[SNOX/(KNOX+SNOX)]*XA
    (iNOx.N2) (iNOx.N2)

    Composition Matrix
    COD -1 1 iCOD_NO3 iCOD_N2 1 1 1 1 1 1
    N iN,SS 1 1 1 iN,SI iN,XI iN,XS iN,BM iN,BM
    Charge iCharge_SNHx iCharge_SNOx -1
    TSS iSS,XI iSS,XS iSS,BM iSS,STO iSS,BM -1

    Corrected Matrix: Standardised Notation


    SO2 SB SNHx SNOx SN2 SAlk SU XU XCB XOHO XOHO,Stor XANO XTSS Pocess rate

    -(1-
    1- fSU_XCB,hyd)*iN_SB-
    1 Hydrolysis v1_SNHx*iCharge_SNHx fSU_XCB,hyd -1 -iTSS_XCB qXCB_SB,hyd*(XCB/XOHO)/(KXCB,hyd+XCB/XOHO)*XOHO
    fSU_XCB,hyd fSU_XCB,hyd*iN_SU+iN_
    XCB

    -(1-
    2 Aerobic storage of XOHO,Stor -1 iN_SB v2_SNHx*iCharge_SNHx YSB_Stor,Ox YSB_Stor,Ox*iTSS_XOHO,Stor qSB_Stor*[SO2/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SB/(KSB,OHO+SB)]*XOHO
    YSB_Stor,Ox)

    -(1- (1-
    qSB_Stor*nμOHO,Ax*[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SNOX/
    3 Anoxic storage of XOHO,Stor -1 iN_SB YSB_Stor,Ax)/ YSB_Stor,Ax)/ v3_SNHx*iCharge_SNHx+v3_SNOx*iCharge_SNOx YSB_Stor,Ax YSB_Stor,Ax*iTSS_XOHO,Stor
    (KNOx,OHO+SNOX)]*[SB/(KSB,OHO+SB)]*XOHO
    (iNO3,N2) (iNO3,N2)

    -(1- (- μOHO,Max*[SO2/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SNHx/(KNHx,OHO+SNHx)]*[SAlk/
    YStor_OHO,Ox)/ - 1/YStor_OHO,Ox)*iTSS_XOHO,Stor+iT
    4 Aerobic growth of XOHO -iN_XBio v4_SNHx*iCharge_SNHx 1 (KAlk,OHO+SAlk)]*[(XOHO,Stor/XOHO)/
    1/YStor_OHO,Ox
    YStor_OHO,Ox SS_XBio (KStor_OHO+XOHO,Stor/XOHO)]*XOHO

    -(1- (1- μOHO,Max*nμOHO,Ax*[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SNOX/


    YStor_OHO,Ax)/Y YStor_OHO,Ax)/ (-
    - (KNOx,OHO+SNOX)]*[SNHx/(KNHx,OHO+SNHx)]*[SAlk/
    5 Anoxic growth of XOHO (denitrification) -iN_XBio v5_SNHx*iCharge_SNHx+v5_SNOx*iCharge_SNOx 1 1/YStor_OHO,Ax)*iTSS_XOHO,Stor+iT
    Stor_OHO,Ax
    *(1/i YStor_OHO,Ax*( 1/YStor_OHO,Ax (KAlk,OHO+SAlk)]*[(XOHO,Stor/XOHO)/
    NO3,N2
    ) 1/iNO3,N2) SS_XBio
    (KStor_OHO+XOHO,Stor/XOHO)]*XOHO

    -
    Aerobic endogenous respiration of -(1- fXU_Bio,lys*iN_XU+iN_XB
    6 v6_SNHx*iCharge_SNHx fXU_Bio,lys -1 -iTSS_XBio+fXU_Bio,lys*iTSS_XU mOHO,Ox*[SO2/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*XOHO
    XOHO fXU_Bio,lys)
    io

    -
    -(1-fXU_Bio,lys)/ (1-fXU_Bio,lys)/
    7 Anoxic endogenous respiration of XOHO fXU_Bio,lys*iN_XU+iN_XB v7_SNOx*iCharge_SNOx+v7_SNHx*iCharge_SNHx fXU_Bio,lys -1 -iTSS_XBio+fXU_Bio,lys*iTSS_XU mOHO,Ax*[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SNOX/(KNOx,OHO+SNOX)]*XOHO
    (iNO3,N2) (iNO3,N2)
    io

    8 Aerobic respiration of XOHO,Stor -1 -1 -iTSS_XOHO,Stor mStor,Ox*[SO2/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*XOHO,Stor

    mStor,Ax*[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SNOX/
    9 Anoxic respiration of XOHO,Stor -1/(iNO3,N2) 1/(iNO3,N2) v9_SNOx*iCharge_SNOx -1 -iTSS_XOHO,Stor
    (KNOx,OHO+SNOX)]*XOHO,Stor

    -(-iCOD_NO3- μANO,Max*[SO2/(KO2,ANO+SO2)]*[SNHx/(KNHx,ANO+SNHx)]*[SAlk/
    10 Growth of XANO (Nitrification) -1/YANO-iN_XBio 1/YANO v10_SNHx*iCharge_SNHx+v10_SNOx*iCharge_SNOx 1 iTSS_XBio
    YANO)/YANO (KAlk,ANO+SAlk)]*XANO

    -
    Aerobic endogenous respiration of -(1- fXU_Bio,lys*iN_XU+iN_XB
    11 v11_SNHx*iCharge_SNHx fXU_Bio,lys -1 -iTSS_XBio+fXU_Bio,lys*iTSS_XU mANO,Ox*[SO2/(KO2,ANO+SO2)]*XANO
    XANO fXU_Bio,lys)
    io

    -
    -(1-fXU_Bio,lys)/ (1-fXU_Bio,lys)/
    12 Anoxic endogenous respiration of XANO fXU_Bio,lys*iN_XU+iN_XB v12_SNHx*iCharge_SNHx+v12_SNOx*iCharge_SNOx fXU_Bio,lys -1 -iTSS_XBio+fXU_Bio,lys*iTSS_XU mANO,Ax*[KO2,ANO/(KO2,ANO+SO2)]*[SNOX/(KNOx,OHO+SNOX)]*XANO
    (iNO3,N2) (iNO3,N2)
    io

    Composition Matrix
    COD -1 1 iCOD_NO3 iCOD_N2 1 1 1 1 1 1
    N iN_SB 1 1 1 iN_SU iN_XU iN_XCB iN_XBio iN_XBio
    Charge iCharge_SNHx iCharge_SNOx -1
    TSS iTSS_XU iTSS_XCB iTSS_XBio iTSS_XOHO,Stor iTSS_XBio -1
    Original publication Rieger L., Koch G., Kühni M., Gujer W. and Siegrist H. (2001) The eawag bio-P module for activated sludge model No.3. Wat. Res., 35 (16), 3887-3903.

    Corrections added term corrected term term to be careful with

    Corrected Matrix: Original Notation


    Components SO SS SNH4 SNO SN2 SPO4 SHCO SI XI XS XH XSTO XPAO XPP XPHA XAUT XTSS Pocess rate
    kH*[(XS/
    -(1-fSI)*iN,SS- -(1-fSI)*iP,SS- v1_SNH4*iCharge_SNHx+v1_SPO4*iCharge XH)/
    1 Hydrolysis 1-fSI fSI -1 -iTSS,XS kSTO*[S
    fSI*iN,SI+iN,XS fSI*iP,SI+iP,XS k(K
    μ *[S +X*ηNS//
    _SPO4
    OH
    /STO
    X
    O
    X *[K
    )]*XO,H
    v2_SNH4*iCharge_SNHx+v2_SPO4*iCharge (K
    O,H H
    O,H+S
    2 Aerobic storage of XSTO -(1-YSTO,O2) -1 iN,SS iP,SS YSTO,O2 YSTO,O2*iTSS,XSTO μ
    H )]*[S
    /H
    *η NO,H
    O /
    _SPO4
    *[K
    (K +S/NH
    S
    (K
    4 SS,H+
    / O,H O,H
    (K )]*[SNO +S
    -(1-YSTO,NO)/ (1-YSTO,NO)/ v3_SNH4*iCharge_SNHx+v3_SNO*iCharge_ (K
    SSO,H
    O )]*X+H
    NH,H
    3 Anoxic storage of XSTO -1 iN,SS iP,SS YSTO,NO YSTO,NO*iTSS,XSTO /S)]*[S )]*[
    (iNO3,N2) (iNO3,N2) +v3_SPO4*iCharge_SPO4 O NO
    SNOx
    /(KNO,H+NH4
    SHCO/ +
    (K
    SNO NO,H)]*[
    (K
    SNO
    v4_SNH4*iCharge_SNHx+v4_SPO4*iCharge (- S
    / )]*[
    HCO,H
    4 Aerobic growth of XH -(1-YH,O2)/YH,O2 -iN,BM -iP,BM 1 -1/YH,O2 +S
    S / +)]
    1/YH,O2)*iTSS,XSTO+iTSS,BM (KNH4 HCO
    SS,H
    _SPO4
    *[S
    (K PO4+
    /
    SSNH,H )]*X H
    (K
    SNH4 PO4,H )]*[+
    -(1- (1-
    v5_SNH4*iCharge_SNHx+v5_SNO*iCharge_ (- S )]*[
    5 Anoxic growth of XH (denitrification) -iN,BM YH,NO)/YH,NO*(1/ YH,NO)/YH,NO*(1/ -iP,BM 1 -1/YH,NO SPO4 /
    +v5_SPO4*iCharge_SPO4 1/YH,NO)*iTSS,XSTO+iTSS,BM (XSTO/X
    HCO
    iNO3,N2) iNO3,N2) SNOx (KHCO,H
    +S*[S )/ )]/
    b
    H
    *η HCO
    v6_SNH4*iCharge_SNHx+v6_SPO4*iCharge (KH STO,H O
    /+
    NO,e
    6 Aerobic endogenous respiration of XH -(1-fXI) -fXI*iN,XI+iN,BM iP,BM-fXI*iP,XI fXI -1 -iTSS,BM+fXI*iTSS,XI *[S
    (K *[K PO4 +S
    nd,HO,H
    XSTO/XO,+
    (K
    _SPO4
    )]*XH H
    O/ PO4,H
    )]*X
    H
    SPO4H)]*[
    (K +S
    v7_SNO*iCharge_SNOx+v7_SNH4*iCharge_ b O,H
    *η/X
    7 Anoxic endogenous respiration of XH -fXI*iN,XI+iN,BM -(1-fXI)/(iNO3,N2) (1-fXI)/(iNO3,N2) iP,BM-fXI*iP,XI fXI -1 -iTSS,BM+fXI*iTSS,XI (X
    μ *[S
    )]*[S
    Sto NO /
    +v7_SPO4*iCharge_SPO4 O A STO O NO
    b)/StoO,A *[K
    SNHx
    /H(K
    ,end,H *[S +S O
    /(K
    O,H
    /
    )]*[S ++
    8 Aerobic respiration of XSTO -1 -1 -iTSS,XSTO O NO,H
    (K
    STO,H
    +S
    NH
    S
    X / STO
    4 NO
    O,H
    O,H )]*X
    /X H
    9 Anoxic respiration of XSTO -1/(iNO3,N2) 1/(iNO3,N2) v9_SNO*iCharge_SNOx -1 -iTSS,XSTO )]*[S
    )]*XSTO
    )]*X
    (K
    O
    O
    H NH,A H +
    NO
    /
    S )]*[
    -(-iCOD_NO3- v10_SNH4*iCharge_SNHx+v10_SNO*iCharg (KNH4 +
    10 Growth of XAUT (Nitrification) -1/YAUT-iN,BM 1/YAUT -iP,BM 1 iTSS,BM SHCO NO,H
    /
    YAUT)/YAUT +v10_SPO4*iCharge_SPO4 SNO)]*X
    e_SNOx
    (KHCO,A
    +S
    q
    STO
    b *[S
    *η *[S )]/
    OO/
    v11_SNH4*iCharge_SNHx+v11_SPO4*iChar A HCO
    PP NO,e
    11 Aerobic endogenous respiration of XAUT -(1-fXI) -fXI*iN,XI+iN,BM iP,BM-fXI*iP,XI fXI -1 -iTSS,BM+fXI*iTSS,XI q
    *[S
    (K PP
    *η
    *[K
    O,A
    +S
    PO4NO,
    O,PAO
    /O,
    q
    nd,A
    * [S
    ge_SPO4
    (K
    +S/)]*X
    PAO
    O
    PHA*[K )]*[O,+
    / O AUT
    A PO4,A
    S
    (K
    S / /)]*+S
    v12_SNH4*iCharge_SNHx+v12_SNO*iCharg PAO
    (K PO4
    O,A
    12 Anoxic endogenous respiration of XAUT -fXI*iN,XI+iN,BM -(1-fXI)/(iNO3,N2) (1-fXI)/(iNO3,N2) iP,BM-fXI*iP,XI fXI -1 -iTSS,BM+fXI*iTSS,XI (K
    X )]*[S
    SS,PAO
    +v12_SPO4*iCharge_SPO4 O AUT
    +S O,PAO
    PO4,PP
    )]*[ NO
    e_SNOx
    +S
    / SOPO4 )]*[ )]
    S
    (K /+
    S
    *[S HCO
    NONO,H/
    HCO
    /
    (K
    S )]*X
    vP01_SNH4*iCharge_SNHx+vP01_SPO4*iC (KNO HCO,PA
    NO,PAO
    HCO,PA
    P01 Storage of XPHA -1 iN,SS YPO4+iP,SS -YPO4 1 iTSS,XSTO-iTSS,XPP*YPO4 +S )
    +vP01_XPP*iCharge_XPAO,PP +S
    O
    AUT
    O
    +SNOHCO HCO)]*)
    harge_SPO4
    ]*[(X
    μ /
    [S
    ]*[(X
    PAO
    PO4PHA
    /[S
    *PP
    X/PAO)/
    (KPAO
    /X
    O PO4,PP )/
    vP02_SPO4*iCharge_SPO4+vP02_XPP*iCh (K
    μ *η)]
    P02 Aerobic storage of XPP -YPHA -1 1 -YPHA -YPHA*iTSS,XSTO+iTSS,XPP (K
    +S PO4+N
    PP,PAO
    PAO
    O,PAO
    PHA
    +X
    +S /X
    *[K
    )]*[
    arge_XPAO,PP *[S
    XPHA
    O,PAO
    PP
    OHCO/X/PP
    S )]*X / PA
    (K
    AO
    O,PAO
    AO
    )]*[(K
    NH4
    HCO,PA
    vP03_SNO*iCharge_SNOx+vP03_SPO4*iCh (K
    O +S O,PAO
    NH,PAO -)
    P03 Anoxic storage of XPP -YPHA/iNO3,N2 YPHA/iNO3,N2 -1 1 -YPHA -YPHA*iTSS,XSTO+iTSS,XPP O
    max,PAO HCO
    +vP03_XPP*iCharge_XPAO,PP +S
    ]*[(X
    (XPP O
    NH4
    )]*[
    /X )]P
    arge_SPO4 PHA
    S
    *[S
    /X))/ / )//
    AONO PAO PO4
    - (K
    (KNO,PAO +
    -(1- vP04_SNH4*iCharge_SNHx+vP04_SPO4*iC PO4,PA
    PHA
    iPP,PAO
    P04 Aerobic growth of XPAO -iN,BM -iP,BM 1 -1/YPAO,O2 (1/YPAO,O2)*iTSS,XSTO+iTSS +S
    X
    +K +S /X)]*P)
    YPAO,O2)/YPAO,O2 O PHA NO PO4
    max,PA
    harge_SPO4
    ,BM
    [S
    ]*[S
    - )]*[(K / /
    O NH4
    AO HCO
    (K
    (X /X-P
    NH,PAO
    HCO,PA
    max,PAO
    PP
    -(1- (1- - +S
    (X +S))]*X /X)]PP)
    vP05_SNH4*iCharge_SNHx+vP05_SNO*iCh O
    AO PP NH4HCO
    P05 Anoxic growth of XPAO -iN,BM YPAO,NO)/YPAO,N YPAO,NO)/YPAO,NO -iP,BM 1 -1/YPAO,NO (1/YPAO,NO)*iTSS,XSTO+iTS *[S
    ]*[(X))/ PHA /
    +vP05_SPO4*iCharge_SPO4 AO PO4
    O
    *(1/iNO3,N2) *(1/iNO3,N2) arge_SNOx
    S,BM /XPAO
    (K )/
    bPAO *[S
    PO4,PA
    iPP,PAO
    (K
    +K +S +)
    b
    O
    / PHA *η
    PO4
    max,PA
    vP06_SNH4*iCharge_SNHx+vP06_SPO4*iC O PAO
    X- /XN/
    ]*[S
    P06 Aerobic endogenous respiration of XPAO -(1-fXI) -fXI*iN,XI+iN,BM -fXI*iP,XI+iP,BM fXI -1 -iTSS,BM+fXI*iTSS,XI O PHAHCOP*
    (K
    O,end,PAO
    O,PAO
    (K
    (X )]*X /XP/
    harge_SPO4
    [K
    +SO,PAO
    AO PP)]*PA
    HCO,PA
    O
    +S))]*X )
    (K
    XPAO
    O
    AO HCOP
    vP07_SNH4*iCharge_SNHx+vP07_SNO*iCh ]*[(X O,PAO
    P07 Anoxic endogenous respiration of XPAO -fXI*iN,XI+iN,BM -(1-fXI)/iNO3,N2 (1-fXI)/iNO3,N2 -fXI*iP,XI+iP,BM fXI -1 -iTSS,BM+fXI*iTSS,XI +SO)]*[
    AO PHA
    +vP07_SPO4*iCharge_SPO4 /XPAO)/
    arge_SNOx
    SNO/
    b
    (KPP **η[S+O/
    PHA NO,
    (KPPNO,PAO
    vP08_SPO4*iCharge_SPO4+vP08_XPP*iCh (K
    XPHA
    lys,PP
    *[K
    /XP
    P08 Aerobic lysis of XPP 1 -1 -iTSS,XPP +SO,PAO NO/
    )]*
    +S
    O,PAO)]*X )]*
    arge_XPAO,PP
    b
    XPHA
    AO *η
    O PA
    (KPAO
    X N
    vP08_SPO4*iCharge_SPO4+vP08_XPP*iCh O PP
    b
    O,PAO
    *[S
    P09 Anoxic lysis of XPP 1 -1 -iTSS,XPP +S PHA)]*[
    O,resp,PHA
    O
    *[K
    arge_XPAO,PP
    S/NOO,PAO
    O /
    P10 Aerobic respiration of XPHA -1 -1 -iTSS,XSTO /(K
    (K O,PAO
    (KNO,PAO
    P11 Anoxic respiration of XPHA -1/iNO3,N2 1/iNO3,N2 vP11_SNO*iCharge_SNOx -1 -iTSS,XSTO +S
    +SO,PAO )]*
    O )]*
    +S
    X
    NO
    O
    )]*[
    Composition Matrix XPPPHA
    SNO/
    COD -1 1 iCOD_NO3 iCOD_N2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 (KNO,PAO
    N iN,SS 1 1 1 iN,SI iN,XI iN,XS iN,BM iN,BM iN,BM +SNO)]*
    XPHA
    P iP,SS 1 iP,SI iP,XI iP,XS iP,BM iP,BM 1 iP,BM

    Charge iCharge_SNHx iCharge_SNOx iCharge_SPO4 -1 iCharge_XPAO,PP

    TSS iTSS,XI iTSS,XS iTSS,BM iTSS,XSTO iTSS,BM iTSS,XPP iTSS,XSTO iTSS,BM -1


    Corrected Matrix: Standardised Notation
    Components SO2 SB SNHx SNOx SN2 SPO4 SAlk SU XU XCB XOHO XOHO,Stor XPAO XPAO,PP XPAO,Stor XANO XTSS qXCB_SB,h Pocess rate
    yd
    *[(XC
    -(1-fSU_XCB,hyd)*iN_SB- /XOHO)/
    1- -(1-fSU_XCB,hyd)*iP_SB- v1_SNHx*iCharge_SNHx+v1_SPO4*iCharge B
    1 Hydrolysis f *i +i fSU_XCB,hyd -1 -iTSS_XCB q
    (KSB_Stor *[
    fSU_XCB,hyd SU_XCB,hyd N_SU N_X fSU_XCB,hyd*iP_SU+iP_XCB μ
    qOHO,Max XCB,hyd *
    _SPO4 S
    +XC /
    SB_Stor
    O2 B//X
    CB *[S
    n
    μ
    (K O2
    μOHO,Ax
    )]*X
    OHO,Max
    (K
    *[KO2,OHO
    OHO
    v2_SNHx*iCharge_SNHx+v2_SPO4*iCharge *n
    +SμOHO,A O2,OHO
    )]*[
    O2,OH
    2 Aerobic storage of XOHO,Stor -(1-YSB_Stor,Ox) -1 iN_SB iP_SB YSB_Stor,Ox YSB_Stor,Ox*iTSS_XOHO,Stor +S
    OHO
    O*[K
    / O2 O2
    )]*[
    xSB/ O2,O
    _SPO4 S
    (KNHX /
    (K/SB,OHO
    HO
    O2,OHO
    (K
    +S )]*[
    -(1-YSB_Stor,Ax)/ (1-YSB_Stor,Ax)/ v3_SNHx*iCharge_SNHx+v3_SNOx*iCharge (KNHx,OH
    +S O2
    )]*X
    O2,OHO
    3 Anoxic storage of XOHO,Stor -1 iN_SB iP_SB YSB_Stor,Ax YSB_Stor,Ax*iTSS_XOHO,Stor S +S B
    /)]*[)
    (iNO3,N2) (iNO3,N2) +v3_SPO4*iCharge_SPO4 +S
    O NOxNHX
    O2
    _SNOx ]*[S
    (KNOx,OH
    OHO /
    SNOxAlk /
    (K +SNOx)
    -(1- (- (K
    O Alk,OHO
    NOx,OH
    v4_SNHx*iCharge_SNHx+v4_SPO4*iCharge - +S
    ]*[S /)]*[)
    4 Aerobic growth of XOHO YStor_OHO,Ox)/YSto -iN_XBio -iP_XBio 1 1/YStor_OHO,Ox)*iTSS_XOHO, +SAlkBNOx
    1/YStor_OHO,Ox O
    S
    (K /
    r_OHO,Ox
    _SPO4 +i
    Stor TSS_XBio
    ]*[S PO4
    SB,OHO
    NHX
    /
    (K
    +SB)]*X
    (KPO4,OH NHx,OH
    -(1- (1- +S )
    (- O
    OHO +SPO4 )
    YStor_OHO,Ax)/YSto YStor_OHO,Ax)/YStor v5_SNHx*iCharge_SNHx+v5_SNOx*iCharge - O
    ]*[(XNHX
    5 Anoxic growth of XOHO (denitrification) -iN_XBio -iP_XBio 1 1/YStor_OHO,Ax)*iTSS_XOHO,S ]*[SAlkOHO /
    *(1/i NO3,N _OHO,Ax*(1/iNO3,N2 +v5_SPO4*iCharge_SPO4 1/YStor_OHO,Ax /XOH
    r_OHO,Ax _SNOx +i (KAlk,OHO
    ,Stor
    ) ) tor TSS_XBio
    )/
    2
    mOHO
    +S
    O
    Alk
    *[
    )]*[
    (KStor_OH //
    S
    m+X PO4 *n
    - v6_SNHx*iCharge_SNHx+v6_SPO4*iCharge - O2
    OHO
    6 Aerobic endogenous respiration of XOHO -(1-fXU_Bio,lys) iP_XBio-fXU_Bio,lys*iP_XU fXU_Bio,lys -1 (KO2,OHO
    O OHO,
    fXU_Bio,lys*iN_XU+iN_XBio iTSS_XBio+fXU_Bio,lys*iTSS_XU mOHO,Ax
    PO4,OH
    /XOHO *[
    _SPO4
    +S )]*)
    K+S
    Stor
    O O2 PO4 /
    )]*X
    X
    m O2,OHO
    ]*[(X OHO
    (KOHO OHO,StorOHO
    - -(1-fXU_Bio,lys)/ (1-fXU_Bio,lys)/ v7_SNOx*iCharge_SNOx+v7_SNHx*iCharge - μ
    *n O2,OHO
    /X)]*[
    7 Anoxic endogenous respiration of XOHO iP_XBio-fXU_Bio,lys*iP_XU fXU_Bio,lys -1 +S
    ,Stor ANO,Max
    mOHO,A OH
    fXU_Bio,lys*iN_XU+iN_XBio (iNO3,N2) (iNO3,N2) +v7_SPO4*iCharge_SPO4 iTSS_XBio+fXU_Bio,lys*iTSS_XU m
    *[S *[K O2
    /
    _SNHx
    S)/NOx
    xO OHO,Stor
    O2
    /
    O2,O
    *[S
    (K
    (K/Stor_OH O2
    /
    (KO2,ANO
    HO
    8 Aerobic respiration of XOHO,Stor -1 -1 -iTSS_XOHO,Stor (K
    +S
    (K +X
    NOx,OH
    O2,OHO
    O2
    )]*[
    O+S O2,OHO
    OHO, )
    9 Anoxic respiration of XOHO,Stor -1/(iNO3,N2) 1/(iNO3,N2) v9_SNOx*iCharge_SNOx -1 -iTSS_XOHO,Stor +S
    S
    O
    +S /X )]*
    O2/)]*[
    NOx
    ]*XOHO
    Stor NHX O2 OHO
    X
    (K
    S
    )]*X OHO,Stor
    NHx,AN/
    NOx OHO
    -(-iCOD_NO3- v10_SNHx*iCharge_SNHx+v10_SNOx*iChar (K +S )
    10 Growth of XANO (Nitrification) -1/YANO-iN_XBio 1/YANO -iP_XBio 1 iTSS_XBio O NHX
    NOx,OH
    YANO)/YANO ge_SNOx
    +v10_SPO4*iCharge_SPO4 ]*[S +SAlk /)
    q
    O NOx
    b
    (KPAO,PO4
    ]*X ANO
    *[S
    Alk,ANO
    q *[S
    OHO,St
    +S
    _PP / )]*[ O2
    or Alk*η
    /b
    PAO,PO4
    - v11_SNHx*iCharge_SNHx+v11_SPO4*iChar - O2
    11 Aerobic endogenous respiration of XANO -(1-fXU_Bio,lys) iP_XBio-fXU_Bio,lys*iP_XU fXU_Bio,lys -1 (K
    S ANO
    *n/μPAm
    fXU_Bio,lys*iN_XU+iN_XBio iTSS_XBio+fXU_Bio,lys*iTSS_XU (K
    _PP
    *[K
    O2,ANO
    PO4
    O2,PAO
    ge_SPO4 ANO
    +S
    q
    (K *[K )]*O2
    +S
    O PAO,SB_
    ,ANOO2
    O2
    PO4,AN )]*[
    / O2,P
    X +S/*[SB/)
    S
    (K
    AO
    O ANOPO4
    Stor
    PO4
    /
    - -(1-fXU_Bio,lys)/ (1-fXU_Bio,lys)/ v12_SNHx*iCharge_SNHx+v12_SNOx*iChar - (K
    ]*XO2,PAO O2,ANO
    12 Anoxic endogenous respiration of XANO iP_XBio-fXU_Bio,lys*iP_XU fXU_Bio,lys -1 (K
    +S SB,PAO
    ANO )]*[
    fXU_Bio,lys*iN_XU+iN_XBio (iNO3,N2) (iNO3,N2) +v12_SPO4*iCharge_SPO4 iTSS_XBio+fXU_Bio,lys*iTSS_XU +SPO4,PA O2
    )]*[
    )]*[
    ge_SNOx
    SNOx B+S
    O2
    / P
    O,upt
    SNOx / /
    (K)]*[S
    O4
    Alk
    Al
    vP01_SNHx*iCharge_SNHx+vP01_SPO4*iC (KNOx,OH
    iTSS_XOHO,Stor- kO+SNOx)
    / NOx,PA
    Alk,PAO
    P01 Storage of XPAO,Stor -1 iN_SB YPP_Stor,PAO+iP_SB +vP01_XPAO,PP*iCharge_XPAO, -YPP_Stor,PAO 1 +S +SAlkNOx )]*[)
    harge_SPO4
    iTSS_XPAO,PP*YPP_Stor,PAO (K
    ]*XAlk,PAO
    O
    μ
    ]*[S
    (X ANO
    /
    PP +S PAO,Max
    PO4
    PAO,PP )]*[
    *[S
    (K
    /X
    Alk
    O2 )/
    /
    - (XPAO PO4,PA
    vP02_SPO4*iCharge_SPO4+vP02_XPAO,PP μ
    (K PAO,Sto
    +SP
    PAO,Max
    P02 Aerobic storage of XPAO,PP -(1/YStor_PP) -1 1 -(1/YStor_PP) (1/YStor_PP)*iTSS_XOHO,Stor O,upt
    /X
    r*n PAO *[
    O2,PAO
    S,fPP_P )/
    *iCharge_XPAO,PP +S )]*[S
    +X )]*[
    +iTSS_XPAO,PP AO μPAO
    (K
    O4 O2 PAO Al
    K
    S /
    k,PPO2,PAO /XPAO/ /
    fStor_PA
    +X
    NHX

    - vP03_SNOx*iCharge_SNOx+vP03_SPO4*iC - (K
    O
    )]*X
    PAO,
    O2,PAO
    (1/YStor_PP)/iNO3, /XPAO
    NHx,PA
    Alk,PAO
    P03 Anoxic storage of XPAO,PP (1/YStor_PP)/iNO3, -1 +vP03_XPAO,PP*iCharge_XPAO, 1 -(1/YStor_PP) (1/YStor_PP)*iTSS_XOHO,Stor +S
    Stor
    O O2
    +SAlkNHX )]*[)
    PAO
    harge_SPO4
    )]*[(f
    N2
    N2 +iTSS_XPAO,PP S
    ]*[S
    (XNOx /PP_P /
    PP PO4
    PAO,Sto
    -
    (K
    AO,Max
    /XPO4,PA
    r(XNOx,PA PAO
    )/
    -
    -(1- vP04_SNHx*iCharge_SNHx+vP04_SPO4*iC
    (1/YPAO,Ox)*iTSS_XOHO,Stor (f+S
    O +S
    PAO,PP
    NOxP
    )
    P04 Aerobic growth of XPAO -iN_XBio -iP_XBio 1 -1/YPAO,Ox /XPP_PAO,
    O,nut
    ))/
    YPAO,Ox)/YPAO,Ox ]*[S PAO /
    )]*[S
    +XPAAl
    harge_SPO4 +iTSS_XBio Max NHX
    (K
    O4
    (K / I,fPP_PA
    /XP
    O+S
    +fNHx,PA
    kO,Stor
    PP_PA)
    (K
    O )]*[(K
    -(1- (1- - AO Alk,PAO -NHX
    vP05_SNHx*iCharge_SNHx+vP05_SNOx*iC ]*[S
    +S
    O,Max
    )]*[/-
    P05 Anoxic growth of XPAO -iN_XBio YPAO,Ax)/YPAO,Ax YPAO,Ax)/YPAO,Ax* -iP_XBio 1 -1/YPAO,Ax (1/YPAO,Ax)*iTSS_XOHO,Stor (X
    S,fPP_PAO PO4
    Alk
    +vP05_SPO4*iCharge_SPO4 (K
    (XPO4,PAPAO,PP
    *(1/iNO3,N2) (1/iNO3,N2) harge_SNOx +iTSS_XBio /XPAO))]PAO,Sto
    PAO,PP
    /XPAO +S))/
    r/XPAO
    m
    O,nut
    *XPAO *[)/P
    (K )]*[S
    PAO
    SO2/ Al
    O4 fStor_PA
    I,fPP_PA
    - vP06_SNHx*iCharge_SNHx+vP06_SPO4*iC - m /+f
    +XPAO
    *n
    P06 Aerobic endogenous respiration of XPAO -(1-fXU_Bio,lys) -fXU_Bio,lys*iP_XU+iP_XBio fXU_Bio,lys -1 k(K
    O PAO,
    PP_PA
    fXU_Bio,lys*iN_XU+iN_XBio iTSS_XBio+fXU_Bio,lys*iTSS_XU (K
    mPAO /X-*[K
    O2,PAO
    harge_SPO4
    +SAlk,PAO
    Stor
    O,Max
    O2 /
    )]*
    PAO
    +S
    )]*X
    (X
    O2,PAO )]*[
    XPAO Alk
    PAO
    PAO,PP
    (KO2,PAO
    (X
    /X ))]
    - -(1- (1- v *i +v *i - PAO,Sto
    PAO
    P07 Anoxic endogenous respiration of XPAO -fXU_Bio,lys*iP_XU+iP_XBio P07_SNHx Charge_SNHx P07_SNOx C fXU_Bio,lys -1 +S
    /XPAO
    *X )]*[
    O2 )/*
    fXU_Bio,lys*iN_XU+iN_XBio fXU_Bio,lys)/iNO3,N2 fXU_Bio,lys)/iNO3,N2 +vP07_SPO4*iCharge_SPO4 iTSS_XBio+fXU_Bio,lys*iTSS_XU b
    r PAO
    PP_PO4
    harge_SNOx
    b
    SPP_PO4
    (K / *
    nbPP_PO4
    NOx
    fStor_PA
    [S
    (K +X /PAO,
    vP08_SPO4*iCharge_SPO4+vP08_XPAO,PP *[K
    O O2 NOx,PA
    O2,PA
    P08 Aerobic lysis of XPAO,PP 1 -1 -iTSS_XPAO,PP (K +S /XNOx )
    *iCharge_XPAO,PP m
    O / O2,PAO
    Stor
    O PAO,Stor
    PAO
    +S
    ]*X
    )]*XO2 )]*
    (K
    *n PAO
    PAO
    vP08_SPO4*iCharge_SPO4+vP08_XPAO,PP O2,PAO
    mPAO,St
    XPAO,PP
    m
    P09 Anoxic lysis of XPAO,PP 1 -1 -iTSS_XPAO,PP +S *[K
    PAO,Stor)]*[
    *iCharge_XPAO,PP or O2O2,P
    *[S
    S
    AONOx
    / O2//
    P10 Aerobic respiration of XPAO,Stor -1 -1 -iTSS_XOHO,Stor (K
    (KO2,PAO
    O2,PAO
    NOx,PA
    P11 Anoxic respiration of XPAO,Stor -1/iNO3,N2 1/iNO3,N2 vP11_SNOx*iCharge_SNOx -1 -iTSS_XOHO,Stor +S
    +S +SO2NOx )]*
    )]*[)
    O O2
    X
    ]*X
    S PAO,Stor/
    Composition Matrix NOx PAO,P
    (K
    COD -1 1 iCOD_NO3 iCOD_N2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 P NOx,PA

    O
    +SNOx)
    N iN_SB 1 1 1 iN_SU iN_XU iN_XCB iN_XBio iN_XBio iN_XBio ]*XPAO,St
    P iP_SB 1 iP_SU iP_XU iP_XCB iP_XBio iP_XBio 1 iP_XBio
    or

    Charge iCharge_SNHx iCharge_SNOx iCharge_SPO4 -1 iCharge_XPAO,PP

    TSS iTSS_XU iTSS_XCB iTSS_XBio iTSS_XOHO,Stor iTSS_XBio iTSS_XPAO,PP iTSS_XOHO,Stor iTSS_XBio -1


    Original publication Meijer, S. C. F. (2004). Theoretical and practical aspects of modelling activated sludge processes. Department of Biotechnological Engineering. Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands: 218

    Corrections added term corrected term term to be careful with

    Corrected Matrix: Original Notation


    kh*[(XS/
    ̂ (X +XPAO))/
    SO SF SA SNH SNO SN2 SPO SI SHCO Xi XS XH XPAO A
    XPP XPHA XGLY XA XTSS kh*η H
    NO,HYD
    *[ Pocess rate
    (K
    KO,HYD X
    +(X/ S/
    v1_SNH*iCharge_SNHx+v1_SPO*iCharge_SPO (XH+XPAO
    1 Aerobic hydrolysis 1-fSI iN,XS-iN,SI*fSI-iN,SF*(1-fSI) iP,XS-iP,SI*fSI-iP,SF*(1-fSI) fSI -1 -iTSS,XS (K +S)]* )
    k[Sh*η / fe*[K
    O,HYD O
    O,H
    4 ]*[S
    μ O
    *[S NO /
    /
    (KO,HYD+S
    YD H/ O
    v2_SNH*iCharge_SNHx+v2_SPO*iCharge_SPO (K
    (KNO,HYD +S+S +S O))
    )]*
    1-fSI iN,XS-iN,SI*fSI-iN,SF*(1-fSI) iP,XS-iP,SI*fSI-iP,SF*(1-fSI) fSI -iTSS,XS +XO O)
    N
    2 Anoxic hydrolysis -1 )]*(X O,H
    O,HYD
    [S )]*[(X
    / H / PAO
    4 ]*[K
    O
    μ
    )(XHF*[S NO,HYD
    S /
    /
    (K +XO )]*[S
    H+S PAO
    ))/
    v3_SNH*iCharge_SNHx+v3_SPO*iCharge_SPO μ
    (K *η
    F +S F +S *[KN
    3 Anaerobic hydrolysis 1-fSI iN,XS-iN,SI*fSI-iN,SF*(1-fSI) iP,XS-iP,SI*fSI-iP,SF*(1-fSI) fSI -1 -iTSS,XS (K H NO,HYD
    +(X
    O,H
    /)]*[(X
    NO,HO / )]*
    4 [S
    F
    O /A/ SS/
    X
    (X
    O,H
    (S +XPAO )))
    (XHFH+S
    (K +X
    +S+S )]*[S))/
    )]*
    )]*[
    v4_SNH*iCharge_SNHx+v4_SPO*iCharge_SPO ]*(X Ac +X
    O,H
    A
    PAO
    AO )
    4 Aerobic growth of XH on SF -(1-YH)/YH -1/YH iN,SF/YH-iN,BM iP,SF/YH-iP,BM 1 iTSS,BM (K/*η
    μ
    [S +(X
    H
    / /*[K
    PAO
    S
    NH
    H /
    X
    ANO NO,H
    S
    4
    (K
    (X
    (K +X
    / +S +S+S )])
    NH)))
    (SN,H
    O,H H
    NO,H )]*[S
    PAO NO
    v5_SNH*iCharge_SNHx+v5_SPO*iCharge_SPO *[SFPOH/+S
    ]*(X / A )]*)
    5 Aerobic growth of XH on SA -(1-YH)/YH -1/YH -iN,BM -iP,BM 1 iTSS,BM ]*[S
    (K
    NH O,H
    / F +XOPAO
    +v5_SA*iCharge_SVFA (K
    4 [SNO
    (K +S
    P,H
    F
    /+S
    +S)]*[S
    N,H F NH
    )]
    PO )]
    *[S
    (K /
    v6_SNH*iCharge_SNHx+v6_SPO*iCharge_SPO *[S / NO,HHCO /+SNO)
    6 Anoxic growth of XH on SF -1/YH iN,SF/YH-iN,BM -(1-YH)/(iNO3,N2*YH) (1-YH)/(iNO3,N2*YH) iP,SF/YH-iP,BM 1 iTSS,BM F
    (K PO

    4
    +v6_SNO*iCharge_SNO3 ]*[S
    (SFHCO,H
    (K +S
    P,H
    / A+S
    A+S
    )]*[S
    PO
    )]
    HC

    O / +S
    (K )]*XH )]*[
    *[S /
    v7_SNH*iCharge_SNHx+v7_SPO*iCharge_SPO qfe*[K
    NH AcHCO A /
    S
    (KAN,H / +S+S O,H
    )]
    7 Anoxic growth of XH on SA -1/YH -iN,BM -(1-YH)/(iNO3,N2*YH) (1-YH)/(iNO3,N2*YH) -iP,BM +v7_SNO*iCharge_SNO3+v7_SA*iCharge_SV 1 iTSS,BM (KHCO,H +SNH )]*HC
    4
    (S
    *[S )]*X +S/ )]*[S
    O,H O
    [KNO,H
    O FPOH A
    /
    FA
    (K / +S )]
    (KNO,H+SPONO)
    NH P,H
    v8_SNH*iCharge_SNHx+v8_SPO*iCharge_SPO (K
    *[SN,H +S / )]
    8 Fermentation -1 1 iN,SF iP,SF ]*[SHCO / NH
    +i *[S
    (KHCO,H F
    / +SHC
    4 Charge_SVFA
    (KAcfe*[S
    q +SAF/)]*[
    PO
    (K )]*X +S )]
    iN,BM-iN,XI*fXI,H-iN,XS*(1- iP,BM-iP,XI*fXI,H-iP,XS*(1- v9_SNH*iCharge_SNHx+v9_SPO*iCharge_SPO iTSS,XI*fXI,H+iTSS,XS*(1-fXI,H)- O(KSHCO +S/ A)]*[
    P,H H PO
    9 Lysis fXI,H 1-fXI,H -1 b
    *[S *X
    Ac
    H/
    fXI,H) fXI,H) 4
    iTSS,BM (KO,PAO
    K
    H HCO
    / +S
    (KHCO,H+SHCHCO,H
    (K )]*XH +SOHC)
    O O,PAO
    )]*X
    iTSS,PP*(-YPO,AN) ]*[KNO,PAO
    O H
    /
    v10_SPO*iCharge_SPO4- m *[KO,PAO
    10 Anaerobic Storage of SA -1 YPO,AN -YPO,AN YSA,AN 1-YSA,AN +iTSS,PHA*YSA,AN+iTSS,GLY*(1- (KAN +SN
    iCharge_SVFA+v10_XPP*iCharge_XPAO,PP /
    NO,PAO
    YSA,AN) )]*[XGLY/
    kq
    (K
    O
    Ac,NO *η*[S
    O,PAO
    +SA/O)
    (K PHA
    +X NO,PAO
    )
    (K
    ]*[K
    *[K GLY
    Ac
    +SA/)]*[
    NO,PAO
    /
    GLY
    11 Anaerobic Maintenance 1 iCharge_SPO4-iCharge_XPAO,PP -1 -iTSS,PP ]*[XPP/ O,PAO
    K
    (KO,PAO NO,PAO
    / +S
    +SON)
    (KO,PAO +XPP)]*
    v12_SPO*iCharge_SPO4- (K
    k]*[S )]*[X
    PP
    *η / +S/ O*)
    iTSS,PP*(-YPO,NO) O
    XPP O,PAO PP
    NHNO,PAO
    12 Anoxic storage of SA -1 -(1-YSA,NO)/iNO3,N2 (1-YSA,NO)/iNO3,N2 YPO,NO iCharge_SVFA+v12_XPP*iCharge_XPAO,PP+v -YPO,NO YSA,NO ]*[S
    (K
    [X PAO +X/X/+S )]*
    ]*[
    +iTSS,PHA*YSA,NO PPNO
    N,PAO
    PAO PP
    PP NH
    *i
    12_SNO Charge_SNO3
    (K
    XPAO
    )]*[S
    K NO,PAO
    NO // +SN
    O,PAO
    (K )]*[X
    O O,PAO NO,PAO PP +S/+SN)
    O
    -(1- v13_SNH*iCharge_SNHx+v13_SPO*iCharge_S (K
    kO)]*[S
    ]*[S +X / ]*
    PP*η/ PP)
    13 Anoxic PHA consumption -iN,BM/YPHA,NO (1-1/YPHA,NO)/iNO3,N2 -iP,BM/YPHA,NO 1/YPHA,NO -1 iTSS,BM/YPHA,NO-iTSS,PHA GLYNOPO NO,PAO
    1/YPHA,NO)/iNO3,N2 PO4
    +v13_SNO*iCharge_SNO3 X
    (K
    (g
    *[X PAO *K
    P,PAO
    +S
    /XGLY PO]
    PP PHA NO,PA
    )]*[S
    *[K
    O
    +SO,PAO HCO
    NO // P
    )]*[S
    v14_SNH*iCharge_SNHx+v14_SPO*iCharge_S (K
    (K
    O
    / O,PAO
    HCO,PAO +SO) +S
    14 Anoxic Storage of XPP iN,BM/YPP,NO -(1/YPP,NO)/iNO3,N2 (1/YPP,NO)/iNO3,N2 iP,BM/YPP,NO-1 PO4
    +v14_SNO*iCharge_SNO3+iCharge_XPAO, -1/YPP,NO 1 -iTSS,BM/YPP,NO+iTSS,PP (KP,PAO
    ]*[S
    HCO
    )]*[(X /+SPHA PO
    NO

    PP
    /XPAOPHA
    )]*[X
    (K )/ /+S
    NO,PAO N
    (K )]*[X + /
    +X
    O fPHA PHA PHAPHA

    -(1/YGLY,NO- v15_SNH*iCharge_SNHx+v15_SPO*iCharge_S (XPHAPP,max


    )]*[(f
    (K /XPAO- )
    +X
    15 Anoxic glycogen formation iN,BM/YGLY,NO (1/YGLY,NO-1)/iNO3,N2 iP,BM/YGLY,NO -1/YGLY,NO 1 -iTSS,BM/YGLY,NO+iTSS,GLY )]*X
    PHA PHA
    1)/iNO3,N2 PO4
    +v15_SNO*iCharge_SNO3 (X
    )]*[(f
    kPHA /X
    *[S
    PPPAO PAO
    gly,max / -))/
    O
    m
    (K
    (XO,PAO *[K
    +
    (K fPP /X+S PAOO )
    )
    NO O,PAO
    GLY
    /)/(K
    (fPP,max
    ]*[S /-+
    v16_SNH*iCharge_SNHx+v16_SPO*iCharge_S k(K fGLY
    *[X
    XGLY,max
    NH
    /XPAO
    +S/X )
    16 Anoxic maintenance iN,BM -1/iNO3,N2 1/iNO3,N2 iP,BM -1 -iTSS,BM (f
    (K PP
    PP
    O,PAO
    - ))]*
    +S
    PAO O
    +v16_SNO*iCharge_SNO3 ]*[S]*[S NOO /
    N,PAO / NH
    PO4 XGLYPAO/X
    )]*[S
    PP
    / ))]
    (KPP
    (g *KPO +SPAO
    *[SNO,PAO
    (K /O,PAON
    HCO +SPO
    v17_SNH*iCharge_SNHx+v17_SPO*iCharge_S +S )]*X
    O O)]*[S
    P,PAO
    PAO PO/
    17 Aerobic PHA consumption -1+1/YPHA,O -iN,BM/YPHA,O -iP,BM/YPHA,O 1/YPHA,O -1 iTSS,BM/YPHA,O-iTSS,PHA (K
    k)]*[S
    GLY
    *[X
    HCO,PAO
    HCOPHA
    / +S /
    (K +SPO
    PO4
    X
    (K
    HCO
    )]*X
    ]*[SPAO
    P,PAO
    /
    +S
    )]*[X
    GLY
    HCO,PAO
    / O
    v18_SNH*iCharge_SNHx+v18_SPO*iCharge_S (K )]*[(X PHA
    +SO)
    18 Aerobic Storage of XPP -1/YPP,O iN,BM/YPP,O iP,BM/YPP,O-1 -1/YPP,O 1 -iTSS,BM/YPP,O+iTSS,PP (KPHA+XPHA
    HCOO,PAO PHA
    +i ]*[X
    /XPAO )//
    PO4 Charge_XPAO,PP
    )]*[(fpp,max-
    PHA
    (KPHA +X
    +
    v19_SNH*iCharge_SNHx+v19_SPO*iCharge_S (XfPHA /XPAOPHA ))/
    19 Aerobic glycogen formation -(1-YGLY,O)/YGLY,O iN,BM/YGLY,O iP,BM/YGLY,O -1/YGLY,O 1 -iTSS,BM/YGLY,O+iTSS,GLY )]*[(f
    (XPP /X -)
    (KPHA + PAO
    GLY,max
    PO4
    (X
    )]*X fPP
    /X )
    μ
    m *[S PAO/ /
    *[S
    (fAPP,max
    GLY
    - PAO
    v20_SNH*iCharge_SNHx+v20_SPO*iCharge_S )/(KO OO
    +
    20 Aerobic maintenance -1 iN,BM iP,BM -1 -iTSS,BM (K
    XPPO,A /X +S+S
    fGLY
    O,PAO O
    )]*
    ))]*
    O
    )
    (fGLY,max PAO
    -
    PO4
    [S
    ]*X
    XPAONH
    /
    PAO
    XGLY/XPAO))]
    (KNH,A+SNH)
    v21_SNH*iCharge_SNHx+v21_SPO*iCharge_S *XPAO
    21 Aerobic growth of XA -(-iCOD_NO3-YA)/YA -iN,BM-1/YA 1/YA -iP,BM 1 iTSS,BM ]*[SPO/
    +v21_SNO*iCharge_SNO3
    PO4
    (KP,A+SPO)]
    *[SHCO/
    iN,BM-iN,XI*fXI,A-iN,XS*(1- iP,BM-iP,XI*fXI,A-iP,XS*(1- v22_SNH*iCharge_SNHx+v22_SPO*iCharge_S iTSS,XI*fXI,A+iTSS,XS*(1-fXI,A)-
    22 Lysis fXI,A 1-fXI,A -1 (KA*X
    b +SHC
    fXI,A) fXI,A) iTSS,BM HCO,AA
    PO4
    O
    )]*XH
    Composition Matrix
    COD -1 1 1 iCOD_NO3 iCOD_N2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
    N iN,SF 1 1 1 iN,SI iN,XI iN,XS iN,BM iN,BM iN,BM
    P iP,SF 1 iP,SI iP,XI iP,XS iP,BM iP,BM 1 iP,BM
    Charge iCharge_SVFA iCharge_SNHx iCharge_SNO3 iCharge_SPO4 -1 iCharge_XPAO,PP
    TSS iTSS,XI iTSS,XS iTSS,BM iTSS,BM iTSS,PP iTSS,PHA iTSS,GLY iTSS,BM -1
    Corrected Matrix: Standardised Notation qXCB_SB,hyd*[(
    XCB/
    ̂
    SO2 SF SVFA SNHx SNOx SN2 SPO4 SU SAlk Xi XCB XOHO XPAO A
    XPAO,PP XPAO,PHA XPAO,Gly XANO XTSS (XXCB_SB,hyd
    q OHO
    +XPAO *n Pocess rate
    ))/(K *[KO2,hy
    qhyd,AxXCB,hyd
    +
    iN_XCB-iN_SU*fSU_XCB,hyd- iP_XCB-iP_SU*fSU_XCB,hyd- fSU_XCB, v1_SNHx*iCharge_SNHx+v1_SPO4*iCharge_S (XC/ B/
    1 Aerobic hydrolysis 1-fSU_XCB,hyd -1 -iTSS_XCB d
    iN_SF*(1-fSU_XCB,hyd) iP_SF*(1-fSU_XCB,hyd) hyd PO4
    (XO2,hyd
    (K OHO +S
    +XPAO O2
    q
    )))]*[S / *n
    )]*[S
    XCB_SB,hyd
    NOx O2/
    *[K +S
    (KNOx,hyd
    qhyd,An
    O2,hyd +S
    O2,h
    O2
    iN_XCB-iN_SU*fSU_XCB,hyd- iP_XCB-iP_SU*fSU_XCB,hyd- fSU_XCB, v1_SNHx*iCharge_SNHx+v1_SPO4*iCharge_S / N
    2 Anoxic hydrolysis 1-fSU_XCB,hyd -1 -iTSS_XCB )]*(X
    μ
    yd )]*[(XC
    OHO*[S
    +X /
    iN_SF*(1-fSU_XCB,hyd) iP_SF*(1-fSU_XCB,hyd) OxOHO,Max
    (K +S B O
    hyd PO4
    (X
    PAO
    ) +XPAO
    / O2,hyd
    OHO
    O2
    )]*[K
    2
    /
    ))/(K
    (KO2,OHO NOx,hyd +
    +SO
    XCB,hyd
    (KNOx,hyd+SN
    iN_XCB-iN_SU*fSU_XCB,hyd- iP_XCB-iP_SU*fSU_XCB,hyd- fSU_XCB, v1_SNHx*iCharge_SNHx+v1_SPO4*iCharge_S (XC
    μ)]*[S /
    B F/ *[SO
    3 Anaerobic hydrolysis 1-fSU_XCB,hyd -1 -iTSS_XCB )]*[(XC
    2 OHO,Max
    /
    iN_SF*(1-fSU_XCB,hyd) iP_SF*(1-fSU_XCB,hyd) (X
    (K
    Ox
    / +X+S B
    hyd PO4
    (XOHO
    2 SF,OHO
    +XPAO F
    )))]*(X
    (K
    )]*[S
    μ OHO
    O2,OHO
    / +S
    *n
    OHO
    +O
    PAO
    ))/(K
    OHO,MaxF
    +
    μO
    v4_SNHx*iCharge_SNHx+v4_SPO4*iCharge_S X)]*[S
    (S +S) VFA
    XCB,hyd
    F *[K
    PAO / )]*
    4 Aerobic growth of XOHO on SF -(1-YOHO)/YOHO -1/YOHO iN_SF/YOHO-iN_XBio iP_SF/YOHO-iP_XBio 1 iTSS_XBio 2
    (XC
    HO,Ax / VFA
    O2,OH
    (K
    [S B
    / +S
    / VFA,OHO
    PO4
    (X
    O NHx +X
    (K )]*[SVFA
    OHO
    +S +S
    PAO
    /
    )))]*(X
    VFAO2,OHO
    μ
    NHx,OHO
    *n)]*+O
    v5_SNHx*iCharge_SNHx+v5_SPO4*iCharge_S (S )]*[S +SNOx
    )]*[S
    OHO,Max OHO
    / μO /
    5 Aerobic growth of XOHO on SVFA -(1-YOHO)/YOHO -1/YOHO -iN_XBio -iP_XBio 1 iTSS_XBio X
    NHx
    2 F
    )
    *[K
    VFA
    PO4

    PO4
    +v5_SVFA*iCharge_SVFA [S
    (KPAO
    HO,Ax
    NHx
    / O2,OH
    PO4,OHO
    NOx,OHO
    +S
    (K /
    O )]*[SAlk
    PO4NHx,OHO
    NOx F
    /+S/
    (KO2,OHO
    )]*[S +S +S/O
    (KSF,OHO
    NHx Alk,OHOPO4 FA
    -(1-YOHO)/ (1-YOHO)/ v6_SNHx*iCharge_SNHx+v6_SPO4*iCharge_S )]*[S /
    6 Anoxic growth of XOHO on SF -1/YOHO iN_SF/YOHO-iN_XBio iP_SF/YOHO-iP_XBio 1 iTSS_XBio (K )]*X
    )]*[S
    2
    lk / +S
    NOx
    PO4,OHO
    FOHO
    (iNO3,N2*YOHO) (iNO3,N2*YOHO) +v6_SNOx*iCharge_SNO3 (KNOx,OHO +S
    PO4
    (SF)]*[S
    PO4 +SVFA /
    Alk)]*
    q )]*[S
    (KSF_VFA,Max +S *[/
    [S
    NOx / VFA
    Alk,OHO
    NHx A
    v7_SNHx*iCharge_SNHx+v7_SPO4*iCharge_S (K
    K)]*X / +S+S
    -(1-YOHO)/ (1-YOHO)/ (K VFA,OHO
    O2,OHO
    lk NHx,OHO OHO
    7 Anoxic growth of XOHO on SVFA -1/YOHO -iN_XBio -iP_XBio +v7_SNOx*iCharge_SNO3+v7_SVFA*iCha 1 iTSS_XBio )]*[SVFA
    (KO2,OHO +S//O
    (iNO3,N2*YOHO) (iNO3,N2*YOHO) PO4 VFA
    NHx
    )]*[S PO4
    (S )]*[K +SNOx,OHO )]*
    rge_SVFA (K
    2 F
    PO4,OHO
    VFA+S
    /[SNHx /
    )]*[SAlk/
    v8_SNHx*iCharge_SNHx+v8_SPO4*iCharge_S
    8 Fermentation -1 1 iN_SF iP_SF (KNOx,OHO
    PO4
    +S
    +i q
    (KPAO,VFA_PHA,
    NHx,OHO +SA
    Alk,OHO
    )]*[SPO4 /
    / /
    PO4 Charge_SVFA
    NOx
    NHx
    An
    *[S
    )]*X VFA
    F

    1- (KPO4,OHO
    lk
    +SF+S
    OHO
    )]
    iN_XBio-iN_XU*fXU_OHO,lys- iP_XBio-iP_XU*fXU_OHO,lys- v9_SNHx*iCharge_SNHx+v9_SPO4*iCharge_S fXU_OHO,ly iTSS_XU*fXU_OHO,lys+iTSS_XCB*(1- (KSF,feVFA,PAO
    +S
    9 Lysis fXU_OHO,ly -1 *[S
    m / OHO
    Alk*XAlk
    )]*[S /
    iN_XCB*(1-fXU_OHO,lys) iP_XCB*(1-fXU_OHO,lys) fXU_OHO,lys)-iTSS_XBio PO4
    VFA
    )]*[K
    OHO
    O2,PA
    PO4 s (KAlk,OHO +S
    s
    O
    / Alk,OHO AA
    )]*XOHO
    (K
    lk
    lk OHO+S
    O2,PAO O
    )]*[KNOx,PAO
    v10_SPO4*iCharge_SPO4- 1- iTSS_XPAO,PP*(-YPP_PHA,PAO,An) 2
    YVFA_PHA,PAO, /
    10 Anaerobic Storage of SVFA -1 YPP_PHA,PAO,An iCharge_SVFA+v10_XPAO,PP*iCharge_XPAO,P -YPP_PHA,PAO,An YVFA_PHA,PA +iTSS_XPAO,PHA*YVFA_PHA,PAO,An+ mPAO,An*[KO
    (KNOx,PAO / +S
    An
    iTSS_XPAO,Gly*(1-YVFA_PHA,PAO,An) 2,PAO
    P O,An
    (KO2,PAO
    NOx
    )]*[XPAO,G +SO
    q/PAO,VFA_PHA,
    ly)]*[K
    2
    *[SVFA /+X
    NOx,PAO
    /(K
    Ax
    q Gly,PAO
    *nqPP
    11 Anaerobic Maintenance 1 iCharge_SPO4-iCharge_XPAO,PP -1 -iTSS_XPAO,PP (K PHA_PAO +S
    )]*[X+S
    (K
    AO,Gly VFA,PAO
    *[K
    NOx,PAO PA/
    AO )]*[K
    q
    VFA / O2,PA
    )]*[X
    O2,PAO
    *
    (K
    O,PP
    NOx PAO,PO4_PP +SO
    PAO,P
    (K //qPAO *[X+X
    O2,PAO
    -(1- (1- v12_SPO4*iCharge_SPO4- n
    O
    P)]*[S
    /
    YVFA_PHA,PAO, iTSS_XPAO,PP*(-YPP_PHA,PAO,Ax) 2X (K
    PP,PAO
    NHx+S
    /
    PAOP

    Anoxic storage of SVFA YVFA_PHA,PAO,Ax)/iNO3,N YVFA_PHA,PAO,Ax)/iNO3,N YPP_PHA,PAO,Ax iCharge_SVFA+v12_XPAO,PP*iCharge_XPAO,P -YPP_PHA,PAO,Ax (K )]*X


    O2,PAO ]*[K
    +X O
    12 -1 (K
    AO,PP PP,PAO PAO
    PAO,PP +S O
    P
    +iTSS_XPAO,PHA*YVFA_PHA,PAO,Ax 2)]*[S NHx,PAO/
    /)]*X
    2 2 +v12_SNOx*iCharge_SNO3 Ax
    2,PAO
    AO,PP )]*[S
    NOx
    PAO /
    P
    (K
    NHx
    (KNOx,PAO NOx
    +S +S
    (K
    q
    O2,PAO +S
    *n
    )]*[X
    NOx,PAO *[
    O
    NOx )]*[SNOxPAO,P
    2 )]*[S
    Gly qPAO /
    X / /X /
    -(1- (1- v13_SNHx*iCharge_SNHx+v13_SPO4*iCharge_ iTSS_XBio/YPHA_PAO,Ax- NOx
    (nPAO,PHA
    P
    PO4
    *KNOx,P PA
    13 Anoxic XPAO,PHA consumption -iN_XBio/YPHA_PAO,Ax -iP_XBio/YPHA_PAO,Ax 1/YPHA_PAO,Ax -1 (K
    (K
    KO2
    ]*[K +X
    1/YPHA_PAO,Ax)/iNO3,N2 1/YPHA_PAO,Ax)/iNO3,N2 +v13_SNOx*iCharge_SNO3 iTSS_XPAO,PHA O,Gly
    PO4,PAO,nut
    +S
    PP,PAOO2,PA )]*[P
    SPO4
    +S
    AO
    / PO4
    )]*[SAl
    NOx
    ]*X
    SPO4/ PAO
    O
    AO,PP)
    k(K
    / +SO
    v14_SNHx*iCharge_SNHx+v14_SPO4*iCharge_ (KO2,PAO
    - - (K PO4,PAO,nut
    )]*[S
    Alk,PAO / Al
    +S
    14 Anoxic Storage of XPAO,PP iN_XBio/YPAO_PP,Ax (1/YPAO_PP,Ax)/iNO3,N2 iP_XBio/YPAO_PP,Ax-1 +v14_SNOx*iCharge_SNO3+iCharge_XPA -1/YPAO_PP,Ax 1 +S
    2 )]*[X
    NOx
    (1/YPAO_PP,Ax)/iNO3,N2 SPO4 iTSS_XBio/YPAO_PP,Ax+iTSS_XPAO,PP k(K )]*[(XPO4
    PAO,PH+S
    P
    NOx,PAO/
    O,PP /XPAO)/
    AO,PHA
    A )]*[X
    (K
    NOx +X
    PAO,P
    (K/PHA,PAO
    fPHA_PAO
    +
    - HA )]*[(fP
    -(1/YPAO_Gly,Ax- (1/YPAO_Gly,Ax- v15_SNHx*iCharge_SNHx+v15_SPO4*iCharge_ (X
    PAO,PHA
    (KPHA,PAOPAO,PHA+X
    /XP
    15 Anoxic glycogen formation iN_XBio/YPAO_Gly,Ax iP_XBio/YPAO_Gly,Ax -1/YPAO_Gly,Ax 1 iTSS_XBio/YPAO_Gly,Ax+iTSS_XPAO,Gl P_PAO,Max
    qPHA_PAO -*[S
    1)/iNO3,N2 1)/iNO3,N2 +v15_SNOx*iCharge_SNO3 AO
    ))]*X)]*[(fPAO
    SPO4
    y
    (X/PAO,PP
    PAO,PHA /XPAG
    q
    m
    O2
    *[K- *[
    O
    ))/
    PAO,PO4_PP
    ly_PAO,Max
    (K PAO,Ax
    +S O
    X
    (X //XPAO,P
    O2,PAO /X+PO
    (K
    2,PAO PAO
    PAO,Gly
    )]*[S
    I,fPP_PAO /
    2 ]*[S ))/ /
    v16_SNHx*iCharge_SNHx+v16_SPO4*iCharge_ (K
    (f
    P
    AO O2 +S-O
    NHx

    16 Anoxic maintenance iN_XBio -1/iNO3,N2 1/iNO3,N2 iP_XBio -1 -iTSS_XBio (K


    (n
    (K
    O2,PAO
    PP_PAO,Max
    *KO2,PA +S
    +v16_SNOx*iCharge_SNO3 )]*[S /X/+PA/
    NHx,PAO
    SPO4 X
    2 KO2
    fGly_PAO
    )]*[S
    PAO,PP
    NOx
    NHx
    O
    +S
    (f))]*X
    (K O2
    Gly_PAO,Max
    )]*[S
    PO4 -
    +SP
    (K
    O
    q
    XGly
    NOx,PAO
    *[XPAO
    /PO4,PAO,nut/X
    v17_SNHx*iCharge_SNHx+v17_SPO4*iCharge_ iTSS_XBio/YPHA_PAO,Ox- O4 )]*X
    PAO,Gly PAO,PH
    PAOPA
    17 Aerobic XPAO,PHA consumption -1+1/YPHA_PAO,Ox -iN_XBio/YPHA_PAO,Ox -iP_XBio/YPHA_PAO,Ox 1/YPHA_PAO,Ox -1 +S
    NOx
    /X )]*[S
    iTSS_XPAO,PHA (K
    A ))]*[S
    PO4
    PAO,Gly
    O PO4,PAO,nut Alk
    /]*[Al
    SPO4
    S
    +S /
    k(K / )]*[X +SPAl
    O2 PO4
    Alk,PAO
    v18_SNHx*iCharge_SNHx+v18_SPO4*iCharge_ (K
    (K +S
    / +SOAl
    - )]*X
    k O2,PAO
    Alk,PAO
    18 Aerobic Storage of XPAO,PP -1/YPAO_PP,Ox iN_XBio/YPAO_PP,Ox iP_XBio/YPAO_PP,Ox-1 -1/YPAO_PP,Ox 1 AO,PHA
    )]*[(X +X
    PAO
    +i
    SPO4 Charge_XPAO,PP
    iTSS_XBio/YPAO_PP,Ox+iTSS_XPAO,PP (K k )]*[X PAO,PH
    2 PHA,PAO PAO,PHA
    /XPAO)/
    /APAO,PHA )]*[(fP
    -(1- - (KPHA,PAO
    fPHA_PAO - +X +
    v19_SNHx*iCharge_SNHx+v19_SPO4*iCharge_ P_PAO,Max
    19 Aerobic glycogen formation YPAO_Gly,Ox)/YPAO_Gly, iN_XBio/YPAO_Gly,Ox iP_XBio/YPAO_Gly,Ox -1/YPAO_Gly,Ox 1 iTSS_XBio/YPAO_Gly,Ox+iTSS_XPAO,Gl (X (XPAO,PHA
    PAO,PHA
    )]*[(f
    /X /XGP
    PAO,PP PA
    SPO4 ))]*XPAO
    ))/ -
    Ox y μ
    m
    AO
    ly_PAO,Max
    O ANO,Max
    PAO,Ox
    *[SOO
    (X
    (K /X
    v20_SNHx*iCharge_SNHx+v20_SPO4*iCharge_ / PAO,Gly +P
    2 I,fPP_PAO
    20 Aerobic maintenance -1 iN_XBio iP_XBio -1 -iTSS_XBio ))/
    (fPP_PAO,Max
    SPO4
    (K
    AO
    O2,ANO
    O2,PAO
    +S-O
    (K
    X)]*[S /X/+
    )]*XfGly_PAO
    2 PAO,PP NHx PA
    PAO
    (f))]*X -
    -(-iCOD_NO3- v21_SNHx*iCharge_SNHx+v21_SPO4*iCharge_ (KGly_PAO,Max
    O PAO+S
    21 Aerobic growth of XANO -iN_XBio-1/YANO 1/YANO -iP_XBio 1 iTSS_XBio NHx,ANO
    XPAO,Gly /X
    YANO)/YANO SPO4
    +v21_SNOx*iCharge_SNO3 NHx
    )]*[SPO4PA/
    ))]*XPAO
    (KPO4,ANO
    O +S
    PO4
    )]*[SAlk/
    1-
    iN_XBio-iN_XU*fXU_ANO,lys- iP_XBio-iP_XU*fXU_ANO,lys- v22_SNHx*iCharge_SNHx+v22_SPO4*iCharge_ fXU_ANO,ly iTSS_XU*fXU_ANO,lys+iTSS_XCB*(1- (KAlk,ANO+SA
    22 Lysis fXU_ANO,ly -1 b)]*X *XANO
    iN_XCB*(1-fXU_ANO,lys) iP_XCB*(1-fXU_ANO,lys) SPO4 s
    fXU_ANO,lys)-iTSS_XBio lk
    ANO
    ANO
    s

    Composition Matrix
    COD -1 1 1 iCOD_NO3 iCOD_N2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
    N iN_SF 1 1 1 iN_SU iN_XU iN_XCB iN_XBio iN_XBio iN_XBio
    P iP_SF 1 iP_SU iP_XU iP_XCB iP_XBio iP_XBio 1 iP_XBio

    Charge iCharge_SVFA iCharge_SNHx iCharge_SNO3 iCharge_SPO4 -1 iCharge_XPAO,PP

    TSS iTSS_XU iTSS_XCB iTSS_XBio iTSS_XBio iTSS_XPAO,PP iTSS_XPAO,PHA iTSS_XPAO,Gly iTSS_XBio -1


    Original publication Barker P.S. and Dold, P.L. (1997). General model for biological nutrient removal activated-sludge systems: model presentation, Wat. Env. Res., 69 (5), 969-984.

    Corrections added term corrected term term to be careful with

    Corrected Matrix: Original Notation


    SU μH*[SO/
    ZH ZA ZP ZE SENM SBSC SBSA SPHB SUS PPP,LO PPP,HI PO4 NBP NBS NO3 NH3 NUS SO SN2 SH2 (KO,HET+SO)]*[SBSC/ Pocess rate
    P
    (K
    μH*η +SBSC *[K)]*[S /BSC/
    1 Aerobic growth of ZH on SBSC with NH3 1 -1/YH,AER -fP,ZH -fN,ZH -(1-YH,AER)/YH,AER S,H
    GRO O,HET
    (S
    (KBSC +S +S )]*[N /
    BSA)]*[S H3 /
    O,HET O BSC
    (KNA+N
    (K +SH3 )]*[P
    )]*[S O4
    / /
    -(1-YH,ANOX)/ (1-YH,ANOX)/ S,H
    (KLP,GRO
    BSC
    +PO4
    BSC
    )]*ZH /
    2 Anoxic growth of ZH on SBSC with NH3 1 -1/YH,ANOX -fP,ZH -fN,ZH (S +S )]*[N
    (iNO3,N2*YH,ANOX) (iNO3,N2*YH,ANOX) μH*[S
    BSC / BSA
    O
    O3
    (KNO+N )]*[NH3/
    (KO,HET+S O3 )]*[S
    O BSC
    /
    (KNA+NH3)]*[P /
    (KS,H+SBSC)]*[S O4 /
    -(1-YH,AER)/YH,AER- (KLP,GRO+PO4)]*ZBSC
    3 Aerobic growth of ZH on SBSC with NO3 1 -1/YH,AER -fP,ZH -fN,ZH (SBSC+SBSA)]*[NO3 H/
    iCOD_NO3*fN,ZH μH*ηGRO*[KO,HET/
    (KNO+NO3)]*[KNA/
    (KO,HET+SO)]*[SBSC/
    (KNA+NH3)]*[PO4/
    - (KS,H+SBSC)]*[SBSC/
    -fN,ZH-(1-YH,ANOX)/ (1-YH,ANOX)/ (KLP,GRO+PO4)]*ZH
    4 Anoxic growth of ZH on SBSC with NO3 1 1/YH,ANOX+iCOD_ -fP,ZH (S*[S +S )]*[NO3/
    (iNO3,N2*YH,ANOX) (iNO3,N2*YH,ANOX) μ H
    BSC / BSA
    O
    *f (K +N+S )]*[KNA/ /
    NO3 N,ZH (KNOO,HET
    O3 )]*[S
    O BSA
    (K
    (K*η +N
    NA +SH3 )]*[S
    )]*[PO4/ /
    Aerobic growth of ZH on SBSA with NH3 -1/YH,AER -fP,ZH -fN,ZH -(1-YH,AER)/YH,AER μ S,H *[K
    BSA /
    BSA
    5 1 (KH GRO+P O,HET )]*ZH /
    (SBSC
    (K +S
    LP,GRO
    +S BSA
    )]*[N
    O4
    )]*[S H3 /
    O,HET O BSA
    (KNA+N
    (K +SH3 )]*[P
    )]*[S /
    O4BSA/
    -(1-YH,ANOX)/ (1-YH,ANOX)/ S,H
    (KLP,GRO
    BSA
    6 Anoxic growth of ZH on SBSA with NH3 1 -1/YH,ANOX -fP,ZH -fN,ZH (S
    μH*[S +S+PO4
    BSC / BSA
    )]*ZH /
    )]*[N
    (iNO3,N2*YH,ANOX) (iNO3,N2*YH,ANOX) O
    O3
    (K
    (KO,HET
    NO
    +N+S )]*[NH3/ /
    O3 )]*[S
    O BSA
    (K +N )]*[P
    (KS,H+SBSA)]*[SBSA/
    NA H3 O4
    /
    -(1-YH,AER)/YH,AER- (K
    7 Aerobic growth of ZH on SBSA with NO3 1 -1/YH,AER -fP,ZH -fN,ZH (SLP,GRO +S+P )]*ZH /
    )]*[N
    O4
    iCOD_NO3*fN,ZH μH*ηBSC
    GRO
    *[K
    BSA
    O,HET
    /O3
    (KNO+N )]*[K /
    (KO,HET+S O3 )]*[S
    O
    NA /
    BSA
    (KNA+NH3)]*[P /
    - (KS,H+SBSA)]*[S O4 /
    -fN,ZH-(1-YH,ANOX)/ (1-YH,ANOX)/ (KLP,GRO+PO4)]*Z BSA
    8 Anoxic growth of ZH on SBSA with NO3 1 1/YH,ANOX+iCOD_NO3 -fP,ZH (SBSC+SBSA)]*[NO3 H/
    (iNO3,N2*YH,ANOX) (iNO3,N2*YH,ANOX)
    *fN,ZH (KNO+NO3)]*[KNA/
    (KNA+NH3)]*[PO4/
    9 Decay of ZH -1 fEP,H 1-fEP,H fP,ZH-fEP,H*fP,ZEH fN,ZH-fEP,H*fN,ZEH b
    (KH*Z H
    LP,GRO
    +PO4)]*ZH
    KH*[SO/
    Aerobic hydrolysis of SENM K *ηS,ANOX
    (KHO,HET +SO*[K )]*[(S
    O,HET /Z
    /
    10 -1 1 ENM
    (K
    K *ηS,ANA
    )/(K +S*[K
    +(S )]*[N ))]*Z
    O /Z O3 // H
    11 Anoxic hydrolysis of SENM -1 EANOX (1-EANOX)/iCOD_H2 HH
    O,HET
    X ENMO,HET H
    (KNO+N+S
    (K )]*[(S
    )]*[KENM //ZH
    O,HET O3 O
    12 Anaerobic hydrolysis of SENM -1 EANA (1-EANA)/iCOD_H2 )/(K +(SENM
    NO
    /ZH))]*Z
    (KNOX+N O3
    )]*[(S ENM HH
    /Z
    13 Hydrolysis of organic N -1 1 (r10+r11+r12)*NBP/SENM
    )/(K
    K *[S+(S/ /Z ))]*ZH
    C X BSCENM H
    14 Ammonification -1 1 K *N
    (KRS,ANA *(Z
    BS+S H )]*[N
    +Z P
    ) /
    BSC H3
    (1-(1-YH,ANA)*YAC- (KNA+NH3)]*[PO4/
    15 Fermentation of SBSC to SBSA YH,ANA -1 (1-YH,ANA)*YAC -fP,ZH*YH,ANA -fN,ZH*YH,ANA
    YH,ANA)/iCOD_H2 (KLP,GRO+PO4)]*[KO,HET
    μA*[SO/
    /(KO,HET+SO)]*[KNO/
    (KO,AUT +SO)]*[NH3/
    16 Growth of ZA 1 -fP,ZA 1/YA -fN,ZA-1/YA -(-iCOD_NO3-YA)/YA (K +NO3)]*ZH
    (KNONH
    +NH3)]*[PO4/
    (K *[SO/+PO4)]*ZA
    μP1LP,GRO
    17 Decay of ZA -1 fEP,A 1-fEP,A fP,ZA-fEP,A*fP,ZEA fN,ZA-fEP,A*fN,ZEA b
    (KA*Z A +S )]*[(S /Z
    μ P1
    *[SO/ O
    O,HET PHB
    )/(KSP1+S
    (K + )]*[(S /Z
    18 Aerobic growth of ZP with NH3 1 -1/YP fPP*fP,UPT1/YP (1-fPP)*fP,UPT1/YP -fP,UPT1/YP-fP,ZP -fN,ZP -(1-YP)/YP P
    O,HET O PHB
    (SPHB/ZP))]*[NH3/
    )/(KSP1+
    P *[S
    -(1-YP)/YP- μ
    (K +N /
    O H3)]*[PO4/
    19 Aerobic growth of ZP with NO3 1 -1/YP fPP*fP,UPT1/YP (1-fPP)*fP,UPT1/YP -fP,UPT1/YP-fP,ZP -fN,ZP (SP2PHB
    NA /Z ))]*[NO3/
    iCOD_NO3*fN,ZP (K
    (K +SP )]*[(SPHB/Z
    (KO,HET+N+P
    LP,UPT OO4)]*ZP
    )]*[K /
    μ)/(K
    P
    NO
    *[SSP2 /+O3 NA
    Aerobic growth of ZP with NH3 / PO4 (KNA+NH3)]*[PO4/
    P2 O
    20 1 -1/YP -fP,ZP -fN,ZP -(1-YP)/YP (SO,HET
    (K /ZP))]*[N
    PHB +S )]*[(S /
    H3 PHB/Z
    limited (KLP,UPT+PO4)]*ZP O
    (K
    )/(K+N+ )]*[KLP,UPT/
    P NA SP2 H3

    Aerobic growth of ZP with NO3 / PO4 -(1-YP)/YP- (KLP,UPT


    (S /Z+P ))]*[N )]*[P/ /
    21 1 -1/YP -fP,ZP -fN,ZP μP1PHB
    *ηP*[K P O4 /O3 PP,LO
    limited iCOD_NO3*fN,ZP (KNO +P
    +NPP,LO )]*ZNAP/
    O,HET
    )]*[K
    (KXPO,HET
    +S O3 )]*[(S
    O PHB
    /Z
    (KNA+NH3)]*[KLP,UPT/
    P
    )/(KSP1+
    Anoxic growth of ZP with NH3 -1/YP fPP*fP,UPT2/YP (1-fPP)*fP,UPT2/YP -fP,UPT2/YP-fP,ZP -(1-YP)/(iNO3,N2*YP) -fN,ZP (1-YP)/(iNO3,N2*YP) (KLP,UPT
    (S /Z+P ))]*[N )]*[P/ PP,LO/
    22 1 PHB P
    O4
    O3
    (KXP+PPP,LO)]*ZP
    (KNO+NO3)]*[NH3/
    fES,P*fN,SE fN,ZP-fEP,P*fN,ZEP- (KP*[S
    b +N
    NA O H3/ )]*[P O4
    /
    23 Aerobic decay of ZP -1 fEP,P fES,P fP,ZP-fEP,P*fP,ZEP -(1-fEP,P-fES,P)
    fES,P*fN,SEP (K +POO4
    +S )]*Z
    )]*Z
    P bP*[S
    O,HET/
    LP,UPT
    O
    PP

    24 PPP-LO lysis on aerobic decay -1 1 (K*[S


    b /+SO)]*[PPP,LO/Z
    P O,HETO
    25 PPP-HI lysis on aerobic decay -1 1 ]*ZP +S )]*[P
    (K
    P *[S /Z
    b P O,HETO
    / O PP,HI

    26 SPHB lysis on aerobic decay 1 -1 P


    ]*ZP +S )]*[S /Z
    (K O,HET O PHB P
    b
    ]*Z *[K /
    fES,P*fN,SE fN,ZP-fEP,P*fN,ZEP- P P O,HET
    27 Anoxic decay of ZP -1 fEP,P fES,P fP,ZP-fEP,P*fP,ZEP -(1-fEP,P-fES,P)/iNO3,N2 (1-fEP,P-fES,P)/iNO3,N2 (K*[K
    b +SO/ )]*[NO3/
    fES,P*fN,SEP P
    O,HET
    O,HET
    P
    (KNO+N+S
    (K )]*ZP /
    O3 )]*[N
    PPP-LO lysis on anoxic decay bP*[K
    O,HETO,HETO
    / O3
    28 -1 1
    (KNO+N+S
    (K )]*[PPP,LO/ /ZP
    O3 / )]*[N
    PPP-HI lysis on anoxic decay bP*[K
    O,HETO,HETO O3
    29 -1 1 ]*ZP +N )]*[P
    (K
    (KO,HET
    NO +S O3 O)]*[N PP,HI //ZP]
    O3
    30 SPHB lysis on anoxic decay 1 -1 *Z
    (K*[K
    P +NO3)]*[SPHB/ZP]*
    b NO /
    fES,P*fN,SE fN,ZP-fEP,P*fN,ZEP- ZP
    P O,HET
    31 Anaerobic decay of ZP -1 fEP,P 1-fEP,P fP,ZP-fEP,P*fP,ZEP (K +SO)]*[KNO/
    fES,P*fN,SEP O,HET
    bP*[K /
    P
    (KNO+N O,HET)]*Z
    O3 P
    (KO,HET+S O
    )]*[K NO
    /
    32 PPP-LO lysis on anaerobic decay -1 1 b *[K /
    (KP NO+N O,HET)]*[P
    O3 PP,LO P
    /Z
    (K
    ]*Z +S )]*[K /
    33 PPP-HI lysis on anaerobic decay -1 1 bP*[KP O,HET/
    O,HET O NO
    (KNO+N )]*[P /Z ]
    (KO,HET+S O3 )]*[K
    O
    PP,HI/ P
    NO
    34 SPHB lysis on anaerobic decay 1 -1 *Z
    bPPNO
    P*[K / PHB/ZP]*
    (K +N O,HETO3
    )]*[S
    Cleavage of poly_P for anaerobic (K +S )]*[PPP,LO/
    35
    maintenance -1 1 ZPO,HET
    K *[SBSA/ O
    (KP +P )]*ZP
    36 Sequestration of SCFA by ZP -1 YPHB -fP,REL fP,REL (1-YPHB)/iCOD_H2 (KXPSSEQ
    +S PP,LO )]*[P
    BSA PP,LO
    /
    (KXP+PPP,LO)]*ZP
    Composition Matrix
    COD 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 iCOD_NO3 -1 iCOD_N2 iCOD_H2
    N fN,ZH fN,ZA fN,ZP fN,ZEH 1 1 1 1 1 1
    P fP,ZH fP,ZA fP,ZP fP,ZEH 1 1 1
    Corrected Matrix: Standardised Notation

    XU, μOHO,Max*[SO2/
    XOHO XANO XPAO XU,E XCB SF SVFA XPAO,Stor SU XPAO,PP,Lo XPAO,PP,Hi SPO4 XCB,N SB,N SNOx SNHx SU,N SO2 SN2 SH2 (K +SO2)]*[S / Pocess rate
    Inf
    μOHO,Max
    O2,OHO*ημOHO,Ax *[K F O2,
    (KSF,OHO/ +SF)]*[SF/
    OHO
    (S
    (KO2,OHO+SVFA+S )]*[S)]*[S /
    NHx /
    1 Aerobic growth of XOHO on SF with SNHx 1 -1/YOHO,Ox -iP_OHO -iN_OHO -(1-YOHO,Ox)/YOHO,Ox F
    O2 F
    (K
    (KSF,OHO
    NHx,OHO
    +S)]*[S
    +S )]*[S/
    F NHx F PO4
    /(SOHO,Max
    μ *[S
    +SVFA)]*[S /
    O2 NOx/
    -(1-YOHO,Ax)/ (1-YOHO,Ax)/ (KFPO4,Bio,nut
    2 Anoxic growth of XOHO on SF with SNHx 1 -1/YOHO,Ax -iP_OHO -iN_OHO (K
    (K +S+S
    O2,OHO +S O2
    )]*[S
    PO4
    )]*X
    )]*[S / OH
    F NH
    (iNO3,N2*YOHO,Ax) (iNO3,N2*YOHO,Ax) NOx,OHO NOx
    (K
    O / SF,OHO
    +SF)]*[SF/
    x
    μ
    (SOHO,Max
    (K F
    +SVFA *η+S
    )]*[S
    μOHO,Ax
    NOx
    *[K
    / O2,
    )]*[S
    NHx,OHO NHx PO4
    -(1-YOHO,Ox)/YOHO,Ox- /
    /(KNOx,OHO +SNOx)]*[KNH
    3 Aerobic growth of XOHO on SF with SNOx 1 -1/YOHO,Ox -iP_OHO -iN_OHO OHO
    iCOD_NO3*iN_OHO (KO2,OHO
    x,OHO
    / +S +S )]*[S
    PO4,Bionut O2PO4
    )]*X /
    F OH
    (KNHx,OHO+S
    O SF,OHO
    +SF)]*[S )]*[S
    NHx F PO4
    /
    - (S
    /μ F+SVFA )]*[S/ NOx/
    *[S
    -iN_OHO-(1-YOHO,Ax)/ (1-YOHO,Ax)/
    4 Anoxic growth of XOHO on SF with SNOx 1 1/YOHO,Ax+iCOD_N -iP_OHO (K
    OHO,Max
    +S
    O2
    +S )]*X
    )]*[K
    (iNO3,N2*YOHO,Ax) (iNO3,N2*YOHO,Ax) (KNOx,OHO
    μ +SO2)]*[S
    PO4,Bio,nut NOx
    O2,OHO*ημOHO,Ax
    PO4
    *[K /
    OH
    NH
    *i
    O3 N_OHO /
    OHO,Max VFAO2,
    (KVFA,OHO
    O
    x,OHO
    / +SVFA)]*[SVFA
    (K
    OHO
    /(SNHx,OHO
    +SVFA +S )]*[S
    5 Aerobic growth of XOHO on SVFA with SNHx 1 -1/YOHO,Ox -iP_OHO -iN_OHO -(1-YOHO,Ox)/YOHO,Ox (K F +S)]*[S
    NHx
    )]*[S / PO4
    NHx VFA/
    /(KO2,OHO +SO2 )]*[S
    (K
    (KNHx,OHO +SNHx
    VFA,OHO +S
    )]*[S PO4
    VFA )]*XVFA
    PO4,Bio,nut PO4 OH
    / OHO,Max
    μ
    /(S *[S)]*[S
    +SVFA /
    O2 NOx/
    -(1-YOHO,Ax)/ (1-YOHO,Ax)/ (K
    O
    F
    +S)]*[S )]*XOH
    6 Anoxic growth of XOHO on SVFA with SNHx 1 -1/YOHO,Ax -iP_OHO -iN_OHO (KO2,OHO
    (K +S
    +SNOx
    PO4,Bio,nut PO4)]*[S /
    (iNO3,N2*YOHO,Ax) (iNO3,N2*YOHO,Ax) NOx,OHO O2 VFANH
    (K
    O/ +SVFA)]*[SVFA
    x VFA,OHO
    μ
    /(S
    (KOHO,Max
    F
    *η
    +SVFA+S)]*[S
    μOHO,Ax
    *[K
    )]*[S/ O2,
    NHx,OHO NHxNOx PO4
    -(1-YOHO,Ox)/YOHO,Ox- (K /
    / NOx,OHO +SNOx)]*[KNH
    7 Aerobic growth of XOHO on SVFA with SNOx 1 -1/YOHO,Ox -iP_OHO -iN_OHO OHO
    iCOD_NO3*iN_OHO (K /
    O2,OHO
    +S +S )]*[S)]*X
    PO4,Bio,nut O2 PO4 VFAOH
    x,OHO
    /
    (K
    O VFA,OHO
    NHx,OHO
    +SVFANHx
    )]*[SVFA PO4
    - /(S
    / F+SVFA)]*[SNOx/
    -iN_OHO-(1-YOHO,Ax)/ (1-YOHO,Ax)/
    8 Anoxic growth of XOHO on SVFA with SNOx 1 1/YOHO,Ax+iCOD_NO3 -iP_OHO (KNOx,OHO +S
    PO4,Bio,nut
    +SNOx
    PO4
    )]*XNH
    )]*[K OH
    (iNO3,N2*YOHO,Ax) (iNO3,N2*YOHO,Ax)
    *iN_OHO O /
    x,OHO
    (KNHx,OHO+SNHx)]*[SPO4
    iP_OHO- iN_OHO-
    /
    9 Decay ofXOHO -1 fXU_OHO,lys 1-fXU_OHO,lys fXU_OHO,lys*iP_XUE,OH fXU_OHO,lys*iN_XUE,O m
    (KOHO *XOHO+S )]*X
    PO4,Bio,nut PO4
    O HO
    q
    qXCB_SB,hyd *[SO2
    XCB_SB,hyd*nqhyd,Ax
    / *[KOH
    O2
    q
    O
    (KXCB_SB,hyd
    / +S
    O2,OHO
    *nO2qhyd,An *[KBO2/
    )]*[(XC
    10 Aerobic hydrolysis of XCB -1 1 ,OHO
    X
    (KOHO
    ,OHO
    / )/(K+S
    XCB,hyd
    +
    )]*[SNOx/
    11 Anoxic hydrolysis of XCB -1 Yhyd,Ax (1-Yhyd,Ax)/iCOD_H2 (K
    (XC
    O2,OHO
    +S
    /XOHO
    O2
    )]*[K
    ))]*X
    (KO2,OHOB
    NOx,OHO
    +S O2 )]*[(XC
    NOx
    OHONOx,O
    12 Anaerobic hydrolysis of XCB -1 Yhyd,An (1-Yhyd,An)/iCOD_H2 q
    HO /X/ )/(K*[S / +
    B SF_VFA,Max
    OHO F
    XCB,hyd
    13 Hydrolysis of organic N -1 1 (K
    ((Kr10NOx,OHO
    (XC +r11 +S
    /X +S
    +r12
    )]*[SXC
    )*))]*X)]*[(XC
    NOx B,N/ XCB
    SF,fe
    B OHO
    F NHx
    OHO
    (K/XOHO)/(K +S +
    )]*[S
    14 Ammonification -1 1 qamNHx,OHO
    B *SB,N*(X NHx +XPAO
    XCB,hyd
    OHO
    )
    PO4
    /(XCB/XOHO))]*XOHO
    (1-(1-YOHO,An)*Yfe-
    15 Fermentation of SF to SVFA YOHO,An -1 (1-YOHO,An)*Yfe -iP_OHO*YOHO,An -iN_OHO*YOHO,An (KANO,Max
    μ *[S+S
    PO4,Bio,nut / )]*[KO
    O2 PO4
    YOHO,An)/iCOD_H2
    / +SO2)]*[SNHx/
    (KO2,ANO
    2,OHO
    -(-iCOD_NO3- (KNHx,ANO +S NHx
    O2,OHO +SO2
    )]*[K
    )]*[S
    16 Growth of XANO 1 -iP_ANO 1/YANO -iN_ANO-1/YANO NOx,O
    PO4
    YANO)/YANO / /
    HO
    (KPO4,Bio,nut
    +S+S )]*X
    )]*X
    PO4 AN
    iP_ANO- iN_ANO- NOx,OHO NOx OHO
    μPAO,Max*[SO2/
    O
    17 Decay of XANO -1 fXU_ANO,lys 1-fXU_ANO,lys fXU_ANO,lys*iP_XUE,AN fXU_ANO,lys*iN_XUE,A bANO*XANO
    (KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[(XPAO,
    O NO
    μ
    Stor
    /XPAO*[S
    )/(KfStor_PAO
    / +
    PAO,Max O2
    (1- (X /X )]*[(X
    ))]*[SNHx
    fPP,Lo_PP*YStor_PP,Ox/ -YStor_PP,Ox/YPAO- (KO2,OHOPAO,Stor+SPAO
    18 Aerobic growth of XPAO with SNHx 1 -1/YPAO fPP,Lo_PP)*YStor_PP,Ox/ -iN_PAO -(1-YPAO)/YPAO / /X )/(K
    O2 PAO,
    YPAO iP_PAO +
    YPAO (KNHx,OHO
    Stor PAO
    +SfStor_PAO
    )]*[SPO4
    μ
    (XPAO,Max,Plim /X*[SNHx /
    ))]*[S
    O2
    / PAO,Stor PAO NOx
    (1- (K
    /(KO2,OHO +S +S )]*[(X
    fPP,Lo_PP*YStor_PP,Ox/ -YStor_PP,Ox/YPAO- -(1-YPAO)/YPAO- O2 )]*X
    PAO,
    19 Aerobic growth of XPAO with SNOx 1 -1/YPAO fPP,Lo_PP)*YStor_PP,Ox/ -iN_PAO (K /X )/+S
    PO4,PAO,upt
    )]*[K
    PO4 P
    YPAO iP_PAO iCOD_NO3*iN_PAO StorNOx,OHOPAO
    μPAO,Max,Plim *[S
    NOx NH
    YPAO AO
    (K
    x,OHO
    /
    fStor_PAO,Plim
    +O2/
    (KO2,OHO+S
    (K
    (X +SPAO
    /X )]*[(X
    )]*[SPAO,
    O2 ))]*[S
    NHx,OHO
    PAO,Stor NHx PO4
    NHx
    Aerobic growth of XPAO with SNHx / SPO4 / /XPAO)/
    Stor
    20 1 -1/YPAO -iP_PAO -iN_PAO -(1-YPAO)/YPAO (KfStor_PAO,Plim +
    limited +S+S
    PO4,PAO,upt
    NHx,OHO NHxPO4
    )]*X
    )]*[K P
    PO4
    (X
    AO PAO,Stor / /XPAO))]*[SNOx
    ,PAO,upt
    /(KPAO,Max*ημPAO
    μ *[K
    +SPO4O2,OHO
    )]*[X
    PO4,PAO,upt
    Aerobic growth of XPAO with SNOx/ SPO4 -(1-YPAO)/YPAO- /(KNOx,OHO / +SNOx)]*[KNH
    21 1 -1/YPAO -iP_PAO -iN_PAO PAO,PP,Lo
    limited iCOD_NO3*iN_PAO (KO2,OHO
    (K
    x,OHO
    / +X +SO2)]*[(X)]*X PAO,
    PP,PAO PAO,PP,Lo
    (K /XPAO)/(K
    StorNHx,OHO
    +SfStor_PAO
    NHx
    )]*[K+PO4
    PAO
    (XPAO,Stor / /XPAO))]*[SNOx
    (1- ,PAO,upt
    fPP,Lo_PP*YStor_PP,Ax/ -YStor_PP,Ax/YPAO- -(1-YPAO)/ (1-YPAO)/ /(KPO4,PAO,upt+SPO4)]*[X
    22 Anoxic growth of XPAO with SNHx 1 -1/YPAO fPP,Lo_PP)*YStor_PP,Ax/ -iN_PAO
    YPAO iP_PAO (iNO3,N2*YPAO) (iNO3,N2*YPAO) (KNOx,OHO / +SNOx)]*[SNH
    YPAO PAO,PP,Lo
    x
    /
    (K +XPAO,PP,Lo)]*X
    PP,PAO
    (KNHx,OHO+SNHx)]*[SPO4
    iP_PAO- iN_PAO- PAO
    fSU_PAO,lys* -(1-fXU_PAO,lys- m
    / PAO*[SO2/
    23 Aerobic decay of XPAO -1 fXU_PAO,lys fSU_PAO,lys fXU_PAO,lys*iP_XUE,PA fXU_PAO,lys*iN_XUE,PAO-
    iN_SU fSU_PAO,lys) (KO2,OHO +S+S
    PO4,PAO,upt )]*X)]*X
    O2 PO4 PAO P
    fSU_PAO,lys*iN_SU
    O m
    AOPAO
    *[SO2/
    24 XPAO,PP,Lo lysis on aerobic decay -1 1 (K
    mPAO *[S+S
    O2,OHO / )]*[XPAO,P
    O2 O2
    25 XPAO,PP,Hi lysis on aerobic decay -1 1 (K /XPAO+S ]*XPAO )]*[XPAO,P
    m *[SO2/ O2
    P,LoO2,OHO
    PAO
    26 SF lysis on aerobic decay 1 -1 P,Hi
    /XPAO]*X
    (KO2,OHO +SO2 PAO)]*[XPAO,S
    iP_PAO- iN_PAO- m
    tor
    /XPAO ]*XPAO /
    *[K
    fSU_PAO,lys* -(1-fXU_PAO,lys- (1-fXU_PAO,lys- PAO O2,OHO
    27 Anoxic decay of XPAO -1 fXU_PAO,lys fSU_PAO,lys fXU_PAO,lys*iP_XUE,PA fXU_PAO,lys*iN_XUE,PAO- (KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SNOx/
    iN_SU fSU_PAO,lys)/iNO3,N2 fSU_PAO,lys)/iNO3,N2
    O
    fSU_PAO,lys*iN_SU (K
    mPAO +SNOx/ )]*XPAO
    *[KO2,OHO
    NOx,OHO

    (KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SNOx/
    28 XPAO,PP,Lo lysis on anoxic decay -1 1 m *[KO2,OHO
    (KPAO
    NOx,OHO
    +SNOx/ )]*[XPA
    (KO2,OHO +S]*X
    /XPAO )]*[SNOx/
    29 XPAO,PP,Hi lysis on anoxic decay -1 1 m
    O,PP,Lo *[K O2 /
    O2,OHO PAO
    (KPAO +S )]*[XPA
    (KNOx,OHO
    O2,OHO
    +SO2NOx
    )]*[SNOx/
    30 SF lysis on anoxic decay 1 -1 /X ]*X
    (K
    O,PP,Hi
    NOx,OHO
    +SNOxPAO
    PAO )]*[XPA
    mPAO *[KO2,OHO /
    iP_PAO- iN_PAO- O,Stor
    /XPAO]*XPAO
    fSU_PAO,lys* (KO2,OHO +SO2)]*[KNOx,O
    31 Anaerobic decay of XPAO -1 fXU_PAO,lys 1-fXU_PAO,lys fXU_PAO,lys*iP_XUE,PA fXU_PAO,lys*iN_XUE,PAO-
    iN_SU m / *[K /
    fSU_PAO,lys*iN_SU HO
    PAO O2,OHO
    O
    (K
    (KO2,OHO
    NOx,OHO
    +SNOx
    +S )]*XPAO
    )]*[K
    O2 NOx,O
    mPAO*[KO2,OHO/
    32 XPAO,PP,Lo lysis on anaerobic decay -1 1 HO
    /
    (KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[KNOx,O
    (KPAO
    m *[K +SNOx/ )]*[XPA
    33 XPAO,PP,Hi lysis on anaerobic decay -1 1 /NOx,OHOO2,OHO
    (K
    HO /XPAO
    +S]*X)]*[KNOx,O
    b
    O,PP,Lo
    O2,OHO
    (KPP_PO4 *[K+SO2 PAO /
    )]*[X
    SF lysis on anaerobic decay /NOx,OHO O2,OHO
    34 1 -1 (KO2,OHO
    HO
    NOx
    +S]*X)]*[X
    PA
    /XPAO O2 PAO PAO,P
    Cleavage of XPAO,PP,Lo for anaerobic (K
    O,PP,Hi +S )]*[X
    35 -1 1 q
    P,Lo
    /
    NOx,OHO NOx
    *[S / PA
    maintenance /XPAO]*XPAO
    PAO,VFA_Stor VFA
    O,Stor
    (KPP,PAO +X )]*[X)]*X
    +SPAO,PP,Lo
    YVFA_Stor,P VFA,PAO VFA PAO
    36 Sequestration of SVFA by XPAO -1 -YPP_Stor,PAO YPP_Stor,PAO (1-YVFA_Stor,PAO)/iCOD_H2 PAO
    ,PP,Lo
    /
    AO
    (KPP,PAO+XPAO,PP,Lo)]*X
    Composition Matrix PAO

    COD 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 iCOD_NO3 -1 iCOD_N2 iCOD_H2


    N iN_OHO iN_ANO iN_PAO iN_XUE,OHO 1 1 1 1 1 1
    P iP_OHO iP_ANO iP_PAO iP_XUE,OHO 1 1 1
    Original publication Hu, Z. R., M. C. Wentzel, et al. (2007). A general kinetic model for biological nutrient removal activated sludge systems: Model development. Biotechnology and Bioengineering 98(6): 1242-1258.

    Corrections added term corrected term term to be careful with

    Corrected Matrix: Original Notation

    SO2 SA SF SNH4 SNO3 SPO4 SI XE XI XADS XENM XH XPAO XPP XPHA XNIT SN2 Pocess rate
    μH*[SA/(KA+SA)]*[SA/
    (SA+SF+XADS)]*[SO2/
    1 Aerobic growth of XH on SA with SNH4 -(1-YH1)/YH1 -1/YH1 -iNBM -iPBM 1 μ
    (KH*[S +S/(K)]*[S
    OH A O2 A
    +SANH4 )]*[S
    / A/
    (S
    (KANH4+S+S +XADS
    F NH4
    )]*[S
    )]*[S PO4O2
    //
    -(1-YH1)/YH1- η *μ
    (KHOH +S*[S
    H +S
    /
    A)]*[K )]*X/
    2 Aerobic growth of XH on SA with SNO3 -1/YH1 -iNBM -iPBM 1 (K
    PO4,groO2 PO4 NH4 H
    +S )]*[S /
    iCOD_NO3*iNBM (KANH4+S A
    NH4
    )]*[S
    A
    NO3
    /
    (S
    (KANO3+S+S F
    +XADS )]*[KOH
    )]*[S //
    -1/YH2 -iNBM -(1-YH2)/(iNO3,N2*YH2) -iPBM (1-YH2)/(iNO3,N2*YH2) η
    (K *μ+S *[SNO3 /
    A)]*[S
    PO4
    /
    3 Anoxic growth of XH on SA with SNH4 1 H
    (KOH H
    +SPO4)]*X
    O2 NH4
    (K
    (KANH4+S+S
    PO4,gro
    A
    )]*[S)]*[S
    A
    / H
    /
    NH4 NO3
    (S
    (KANO3+S+S +XADS )]*[KOH
    )]*[S //
    -iNBM-(1-YH2)/ F
    NO3 PO4
    4 Anoxic growth of XH on SA with SNO3 -1/YH2+iCOD_NO3*iNBM -iPBM 1 (1-YH2)/(iNO3,N2*YH2) (K +S
    (KPO4,gro )]*[K
    +SPO4)]*X /
    (iNO3,N2*YH2) OH O2 NH4
    H
    μ
    (KH*[S +S/(K
    NH4 F NH4 F
    +S
    )]*[S )]*[S
    F NO3 F / /
    (SA+S+S
    (K +XADS )]*[SO2/ /
    )]*[S
    NO3 F NO3 PO4
    5 Aerobic growth of XH on SF with SNH4 -(1-YH1)/YH1 -1/YH1 -iNBM+iNSF/YH1 -iPBM+iPSF/YH1 1 μH*[S
    (K +S/(K
    OH F O2
    +SF)]*X
    +S)]*[S
    F
    )]*[S
    / F/
    PO4,gro PO4 NH4 H
    (S
    (KANH4+S+S +XADS
    F NH4
    )]*[S
    )]*[S PO4O2
    //
    -(1-YH1)/YH1- η *μ
    (KHOH +S*[S
    H +S
    /
    F)]*[K )]*X/
    6 Aerobic growth of XH on SF with SNO3 -1/YH1 iNSF/YH1 -iNBM -iPBM+iPSF/YH1 1 (K
    PO4,groO2 PO4 NH4 H
    +S )]*[S /
    iCOD_NO3*iNBM (KFNH4+S F
    NH4
    )]*[S
    F
    NO3
    /
    (S
    (KANO3+S+S F
    +XADS )]*[KOH
    )]*[S //
    Anoxic growth of XH on SF with SNH4 -1/YH2 -iNBM+iNSF/YH2 -(1-YH2)/(iNO3,N2*YH2) -iPBM+iPSF/YH2 (1-YH2)/(iNO3,N2*YH2) η
    (K *μ+S *[SNO3 /
    F)]*[S
    PO4
    /
    7 1 H
    (KOH H
    +SPO4)]*X
    O2 NH4
    (K +S+S
    PO4,gro
    (KFNH4 F
    )]*[S)]*[S
    F
    / H
    /
    NH4 NO3
    (S
    (KANO3+S+S +XADS )]*[KOH
    )]*[S //
    -iNBM-(1-YH2)/ -iPBM+iPSF/YH2- F
    NO3 PO4
    8 Anoxic growth of XH on SF with SNO3 -1/YH2+iCOD_NO3*iNBM iNSF/YH2-iCOD_NO3*iNBM*iNSF 1 (1-YH2)/(iNO3,N2*YH2) (KOH+SO2
    (K )]*[K)]*X /
    (iNO3,N2*YH2) iCOD_NO3*iNBM*iPSF K MP
    *[(X+S
    PO4,gro /X )/(K
    ADS PO4H
    NH4
    HSP+
    (KNH4+S
    (X /XHNH4 )]*[SNO3
    ))]*[X //
    ADS ADS
    (K
    KMP +SNO3/X
    *[(X )]*[S )/(K
    PO4 +
    /
    (S +S
    NO3 +X )]*[S
    F ADSADSH SP /
    9 Aerobic growth of XH on XADS with SNH4 -(1-YH1)/YH1 -iNBM+iNENM/YH1 -iPBM+iPENM/YH1 -1/YH1 1 (K A
    +S )]*X O2
    (XADS
    (K /X
    +S
    PO4,gro
    OH H
    O2
    ))]*[X
    )]*[S
    PO4
    ADS
    NH4
    /H
    η
    (S *K +S
    (KHANH4 +S
    MP
    *[(X
    +XADS /X
    )]*[S
    )]*[S
    ADS
    )/
    H //
    -(1-YH1)/YH1- (K +
    F NH4 PO4O2
    10 Aerobic growth of XH on XADS with SNO3 iNENM/YH1 -iNBM -iPBM+iPENM/YH1 -1/YH1 1 (KOHSP +S +S )]*[K)]*X/
    iCOD_NO3*iNBM (X
    PO4,groO2 PO4 NH4 H
    /X ))]*[X /
    (KNH4
    ADS+S H )]*[S ADS /
    η
    (S *K +S *[(X
    NH4
    MP +X ADS
    /XNO3
    )]*[K )/ /
    11 Anoxic growth of XH on XADS with SNH4 -iNBM+iNENM/YH2 -(1-YH2)/(iNO3,N2*YH2) -iPBM+iPENM*YH2 -1/YH2 1 (1-YH2)/(iNO3,N2*YH2) (KHNO3
    A +S F )]*[S
    ADS
    H
    /
    OH
    (K
    (K ++S )]*[S /
    NO3 PO4
    (KSPOH +SPO4)]*X
    O2 NH4
    (X
    (KADS /XH))]*[X
    PO4,gro
    +S )]*[S ADS /
    /H
    NH4 NH4 NO3
    -iNBM-(1-YH2)/ -iPBM+iPENM/YH2- (S
    (KANO3+S+S +XADS )]*[KOH
    )]*[S //
    12 Anoxic growth of XH on XADS with SNO3 iNENM/YH2-iCOD_NO3*iNBM*iNENM -1/YH2+iCOD_NO3*iNBM 1 (1-YH2)/(iNO3,N2*YH2) F
    NO3 PO4
    (iNO3,N2*YH2) iCOD_NO3*iNBM*iPENM (KOH+SO2
    (K +S )]*[K)]*XNH4
    /
    PO4,gro PO4 H
    (KNH4*X
    K +SNH4*[f )]*[S - NO3/
    ADS ENM MA
    13 Adsorption of XENM 1 -1 (K +S]*X )]*[SPO4/
    XADSNO3 /X H
    NO3
    H
    (KPO4,gro+SPO4)]*XH
    14 heterotrophic decay iNBM-(1-fXE,H)*iNENM-fXE,H*iNXE iPBM-fXE,H*iPXE-(1-fXE,H)*iPENM fXE,H 1-fXE,H -1 bH*XH
    KFE*SF*[KOH/
    15 Conversion of SF to SA 1 -1 iNSF iPSF (K +SO2/ )]*[KNO3/
    μNITOH*[S O2
    (K
    (KNO3+S +SNO3 )]*XH /
    )]*[S
    16 growth of XNIT -(-iCOD_NO3-YNIT)/YNIT -iNBM-1/YNIT 1/YNIT -iPBM 1 ON O2 NH4
    (KNH4+SNH4)]*[SPO4/
    (KPO4,gro+SPO4)]*XNIT
    17 decay of XNIT iNBM-(1-fXE,NIT)*iNENM-fXE,NIT*iNXE iPBM-fXE,NIT*iPXE-(1-fXE,NIT)*iPENM fXE,NIT 1-fXE,NIT -1 bNIT*XNIT
    μPAO1*[(XPHA/XPAO)/
    (KPHA1+XPHA/XPAO)]*[S
    18 Aerobic growth of XPAO on XPHA with SNH4 -(1-YPAO1)/YPAO1 -iNBM -YPP1/YPAO1-iPBM 1 YPP1/YPAO1 -1/YPAO1 μ /(K*[(X
    O2PAO1OH PHA
    +SO2/X )]*[S )/
    PAONH4/
    (KPHA1NH4
    +XNH4
    +S PHA
    /XPAO
    )]*[S PO4
    )]*[S
    /
    -(1-YPAO1)/YPAO1- (K/(K +SO2 )]*[K
    )]*XPAO/
    19 Aerobic growth of XPAO on XPHA with SNO3 -iNBM -YPP1/YPAO1-iPBM 1 YPP1/YPAO1 -1/YPAO1 μPAO2
    O2 *[(XPHA
    OH
    PO4,up PO4/XPAONH4 )/
    iCOD_NO3*iNBM (KNH4+SNH4)]*[SNO3/
    (KPHA2+XPHA/XPAO)]*[S
    (K +SNO3)]*[S
    μ /(K NO3*[(X
    O2PAO2OH PHA
    +S )]*[S/XPAO PO4)// /
    20 Aerobic growth of XPAO on XPHA with SNH4 / SPO4 limited -(1-YPAO1)/YPAO1 -iNBM 1 -iPBM -1/YPAO1 (KPO4,up+SO2 )]*XNH4
    (KPHA2NH4
    +XNH4
    +S PHA
    PO4/XPAO
    )]*[K )]*[S
    PAO
    PO4,up
    /
    (K/(K +SO2 )]*[K
    )]*[XNH4 /
    -(1-YPAO1)/YPAO1- O2
    η *μ
    OH
    PO4,up PO4
    *[(X
    PP
    /X
    21 Aerobic growth of XPAO on XPHA with SNO3 / SPO4 limited -iNBM 1 -iPBM -1/YPAO1 (KPAO +S
    +XPAO1 )]*[S
    )]*XPAO PHA /
    NO3 PA
    iCOD_NO3*iNBM )/
    NH4
    PP NH4
    PP
    (K
    O NO3+SNO3)]*[KPO4,up/
    (KPHA1+X +S /X)]*[X )]*[K
    /
    -(1-YPAO2)/ PO4,up PHA PO4 PAO PP
    22 Anoxic growth of XPAO on XPHA with SNH4 -iNBM -YPP2/YPAO2-iPBM 1 YPP2/YPAO2 -1/YPAO2 (1-YPAO2)/(iNO3,N2*YPAO2) (K /(K*μ
    OH PP+X
    η +S*[(X
    OHPP)]*X
    )]*[S /X /
    (iNO3,N2*YPAO2) PAO PAO1
    O2 PAO NH4
    PHA PA
    (K )/NH4+SNH4)]*[SNO3/
    O
    (K
    (KNO3 +S
    +XNO3 )]*[S
    /XPAO /
    )]*[K
    - PO4
    -(1-YPAO2)/ PHA1 PHA
    23 Anoxic growth of XPAO on XPHA with SN03 -YPP2/YPAO2-iPBM 1 YPP2/YPAO2 1/YPAO2+iCOD_NO3* (1-YPAO2)/(iNO3,N2*YPAO2) (K /(K +S )]*[K
    PO4,up +SPO4
    )]*XPAO/
    (iNO3,N2*YPAO2)-iNBM OH OH O2 NH4
    iNBM (KNH4+SNH4)]*[SNO3/
    (K
    bPAO NO3
    +S / )]*[SPO4/
    *[SO2NO3
    24 Aerobic decay of XPAO -(1-fXE,PAO-fSI,PAO) iNBM-fXE,PAO*iNXE-fSI,PAO*iNSI iPBM-fXE,PAO*iPXE-fSI,PAO*iPSI fSI,PAO fXE,PAO -1 (K
    (K
    bPAO +
    PO4,upS+S)]PO4
    OH*[SO2 /
    )]*X
    *XPAO PAO
    O2

    25 XPP lysis on aerobic decay 1 -1 b


    (KPAO *[S
    +SO2 /
    O2)]*[X /X ]*
    OH PP PAO
    (K
    XPAO OH
    +SO2)]*[SNH4/
    26 XPHA lysis on aerobic decay -iNENM -iPENM 1 -1 (KNH4+SNH4)]*[SPO4/
    (KPO4,lys+SPO4)]*[XPHA/
    b
    XPAO [KOH
    *]*X /
    iNBM-fXE,PAO*iNXE-fSI,PAO*iNSI- -ηPAO*(1-fXE,PAO- iPBM-fXE,PAO*iPXE-fSI,PAO*iPSI-(1- (1-ηPAO)*(1- ηPAO*(1-fXE,PAO- PAO PAO
    27 Anoxic decay of XPAO fSI,PAO fXE,PAO -1 (KOH+SO2)]*[SNO3/
    iNENM*(1-ηPAO)*(1-fXE,PAO-fSI,PAO) fSI,PAO)/iNO3,N2 ηPAO)*(1-fXE,PAO-fSI,PAO)*iPENM fXE,PAO-fSI,PAO) fSI,PAO)/iNO3,N2
    b
    (KPAO NO3
    *[K
    +SOH / )]*XPAO
    NO3
    b
    (KPAO OH
    *[K
    +SO2 /
    OH)]*[SNO3/
    28 XPP lysis on anoxic decay 1 -1 (KOH NO3
    +S
    +SO2 )]*[S
    NO3
    )]*[XNO3
    PP
    //XPA
    (K ]*XPAO +SNO3)]*[SNH4/
    29 XPHA lysis on anoxic decay -iNENM -iPENM 1 -1 O NO3
    (KNH4+SNH4)]*[SPO4/
    (KPO4,lys+SPO4)]*[XPHA/
    b
    XPAO *[KOH/
    ]*XPAO
    iNBM-fXE,PAO*iNXE-fSI,PAO*iNSI- iPBM-fXE,PAO*iPXE-fSI,PAO*iPSI-(1- PAO
    30 Anaerobic decay of XPAO fSI,PAO fXE,PAO 1-fXE,PAO-fSI,PAO -1 (KOH+SO2)]*[KNO3/
    iNENM*(1-fXE,PAO-fSI,PAO) fXE,PAO-fSI,PAO)*iPENM
    b
    (KPAO NO3
    * [K
    +SOH / )]*XPAO
    NO3
    b
    (KPAO *[K
    +SO2 /
    OH)]*[KNO3/
    OH
    31 XPP lysis on anaerobic decay 1 -1 (KOH+S )]*[K //X
    NO3
    +SO2NO3
    )]*[XNO3
    PP PA
    (K ]*XPAO +SNO3)]*[SNH4/
    32 XPHA lysis on anaerobic decay -iNENM -iPENM 1 -1 O NO3
    (KPPNH4
    b *(1+S-ηPAO )]*[SPO4
    NH4)*[KOH //
    ((KK PO4,lys
    +SO2 +S *[S)]*[X
    )]PO4 /
    NO3 PHA
    /
    33 Cleavage of XPP for anoxic maintenance 1 -1 bPPOH *[KOH/
    XPAO
    (K ]*X
    +SPAO )]*[X /
    (KNO3 +SO2 NO3
    )]*[KNO3PP/
    34 Cleavage of XPP for anaerobic maintenance 1 -1 (KPP+XPP)]*XPAO
    OH
    q
    (KPHA *[S+S / )]*[XPP/
    NO3 ANO3
    35 Sequestration of SA by XPAO -1 YPO4 -YPO4 1 ((K
    KPP +SA)]*[X
    AC+XPP )]*XPAO PP
    /
    (KPP+XPP)]*XPAO
    Composition Matrix
    COD -1 1 1 iCOD_NO3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 iCOD_N2
    N iNSF 1 1 iNSI iNXE iNXI iNENM iNENM iNBM iNBM iNBM 1
    P iPSF 1 iPSI iPXE iPXI iPENM iPENM iPBM iPBM 1 iPBM
    Corrected Matrix: Standardised Notation
    μOHO,Max*[SVFA/
    (KVFA,OHO*[S
    μ +SVFA/ )]*[SVFA
    SO2 SVFA SF SNHx SNOx SPO4 SU XU,E XU,Inf XAds XCB XOHO XPAO XPAO,PP XPAO,Stor XANO SN2 /
    OHO,Max VFA
    Pocess rate
    (K +SVFA)]*[SVFA
    (SVFA,OHO +S +X )]*[SO2/
    / VFA F Ads
    1 Aerobic growth of XOHO on SVFA with SNHx -(1-YOHO,Ox)/YOHO,Ox -1/YOHO,Ox -iN_XBio -iP_XBio 1 (K
    (SμOHO,Ax +S*μ +S+XO2Ads)]*[S
    )]*[SNHx /
    /
    n O2,OHO
    VFA F OHO,Max *[S O2
    VFA
    (K +SNHx )]*[SPO4
    /(KO2,OHO NHx,OHO +S O2
    )]*[K NHx,O
    -(1-YOHO,Ox)/YOHO,Ox- /(K/ +SVFA)]*[SVFA
    2 Aerobic growth of XOHO on SVFA with SNOx -1/YOHO,Ox -iN_XBio -iP_XBio 1 HO VFA,OHO
    (KPO4,Bio,nut+SPO4)]*XOH
    iCOD_NO3*iN_XBio /(KNHx,OHO
    n *μ+S )]*[SNOx
    NHx *[SVFA
    μOHO,Ax OHO,Max
    (S
    / VFA F+XAds)]*[KO2,
    O +S
    (K / +S )]*[SVFA
    -(1-YOHO,Ax)/ (1-YOHO,Ax)/ OHO NOx,OHO
    VFA,OHO NOx
    VFA PO4
    3 Anoxic growth of XOHO on SVFA with SNHx -1/YOHO,Ax -iN_XBio -iP_XBio 1 /(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SNHx/
    (iNO3,N2*YOHO,Ax) (iNO3,N2*YOHO,Ax)
    (S
    (KPO4,Bio,nut VFA
    +S
    NHx,OHOF
    +X
    +S+S PO4
    Ads
    NHx
    )]*X
    )]*[K
    )]*[S OH
    O2,
    NOx
    / /
    O
    OHO
    - μ +SFO2/NOx
    *[S )]*[S
    -iN_XBio-(1-YOHO,Ax)/ (1-YOHO,Ax)/ (KOHO,Max NOx,OHO +S )]*[K PO4
    4 Anoxic growth of XOHO on SVFA with SNOx 1/YOHO,Ax+iCOD_NO3*i -iP_XBio 1 O2,OHO NHx,O
    (iNO3,N2*YOHO,Ax) (iNO3,N2*YOHO,Ax) / /
    (K +S )]*[SF/
    HO SF,OHO*[SF/
    μ
    N_XBio (K
    (S
    (KVFA
    OHO,Max
    +S+S +S
    F
    +XNHx )]*X
    )]*[S /
    F+S)]*[S
    PO4,Bio,nut PO4 OH
    (K NHx,OHO
    SF,OHO F
    Ads
    F
    / O2NOx
    (K
    / O2,OHO
    O
    (S +S+S +XO2Ads)]*[S
    )]*[SNHx /
    /
    5 Aerobic growth of XOHO on SF with SNHx -(1-YOHO,Ox)/YOHO,Ox -1/YOHO,Ox -iN_XBio+iN_SF/YOHO,Ox -iP_XBio+iP_SF/YOHO,Ox 1 VFA F O2
    (K
    n *μ +S )]*[S
    *[SFPO4/
    (KμOHO,Ax NOx,OHO
    NHx,OHO +S )]*[K
    NOx
    NHx
    OHO,Max
    PO4
    /(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[S /NHx,O
    -(1-YOHO,Ox)/YOHO,Ox- HO SF,OHO
    / F F
    -1/YOHO,Ox iN_SF/YOHO,Ox -iN_XBio -iP_XBio+iP_SF/YOHO,Ox (K
    nμOHO,Ax
    (S +S*μ+S +X+S )]*X
    *[SO2,
    )]*[K /
    6 Aerobic growth of XOHO on SF with SNOx 1 (K PO4,Bio,nut
    PO4,Bio,nut PO4
    Ads)]*[SF
    PO4
    OHO,Max
    OH
    OH
    iCOD_NO3*iN_XBio VFA
    NHx,OHOF NHx NOx
    /O(KSF,OHO
    O
    OHO
    / +SF)]*[SF/
    (SVFA
    (K +S+S +XO2NOx
    F+S
    )]*[K
    )]*[S
    )]*[S /
    -(1-YOHO,Ax) (1-YOHO,Ax)/ NOx,OHO
    O2,OHO Ads NHxO2,
    PO4
    7 Anoxic growth of XOHO on SF with SNHx -1/YOHO,Ax -iN_XBio+iN_SF/YOHO,Ax -iP_XBio+iP_SF/YOHO,Ax 1 / NHx,OHO
    (K / +SNHx)]*[SNOx
    /(iNO3,N2*YOHO,Ax) (iNO3,N2*YOHO,Ax) OHO
    μ *[(X /XOH
    (K
    / O2,OHO Ads_OHO,Max +S +S )]*[K)]*X
    Ads
    - PO4,Bio,nut O2 PO4 NHx,O
    )/(K + )]*[S
    OH
    -iN_XBio-(1-YOHO,Ax) -iP_XBio+iP_SF/YOHO,Ax- (1-YOHO,Ax)/ (K
    μ
    O /NOx,OHO
    Ads_OHO+S*[(XNOx Ads/XPO4
    8 Anoxic growth of XOHO on SF with SNOx 1/YOHO,Ax+iCOD_NO3*iN iN_SF/YOHO,Ax-iCOD_NO3*iN_XBio*iN_SF 1 O Ads_OHO,Max
    HO OH
    /(iNO3,N2*YOHO,Ax) iCOD_NO3*iN_XBio*iP_SF (iNO3,N2*YOHO,Ax) (X
    /O)/(K
    (K Ads
    /XOHO +S))]*[X
    + )]*[S
    Ads
    /
    Ads_OHO NHx
    NHx,OHO NOx
    /(S
    (KVFA +SF+X +S )]*[S
    )]*X /
    _XBio
    (X /X
    PO4,Bio,nut
    Ads OHO
    ))]*[X
    Ads
    PO4
    Ads
    / O2
    OH
    9 Aerobic growth of XOHO on XAds with SNHx -(1-YOHO,Ox)/YOHO,Ox -iN_XBio+iN_XCB/YOHO,Ox -iP_XBio+iP_XCB/YOHO,Ox -1/YOHO,Ox 1 (KO2,OHO
    (K
    n +S
    *μ +S )]*[S //
    *[(
    (S
    O μOHO,Ax +S
    NOx,OHO
    VFA F
    +X O2 )]*[S
    Ads_OHO,Max
    NOx
    Ads
    NHxPO4
    O2
    /(KAds
    X
    (K /XOHO
    NHx,OHO +S+S
    )/(K )]*[SPO4
    )]*[K
    NHx +
    O2,OHO O2 Ads_OHO NHx,O
    -(1-YOHO,Ox)/YOHO,Ox- /(KμOHO,Ax
    n
    (X /XOHO
    /PO4,Bio,nut +S
    *μAds_OHO,Max )]*XOH
    PO4 Ads/ *[(
    ))]*[X
    10 Aerobic growth of XOHO on XAds with SNOx iN_XCB/YOHO,Ox -iN_XBio -iP_XBio+iP_XCB/YOHO,Ox -1/YOHO,Ox 1 HO Ads
    (K +S )]*X
    iCOD_NO3*iN_XBio X
    (SAds
    (K
    O /X+S
    PO4,Bio,nut
    VFA OHO
    )/(K
    +X
    +S PO4)]*[KO2,
    )]*[S
    Ads_OHO
    +
    OH
    NHx,OHOF Ads
    NHx NOx
    /O(XAds
    OHO
    / /XOHO))]*[XAds/
    -(1-YOHO,Ax) (1-YOHO,Ax)/ (SVFA
    (K +S+S +XNOx
    +S )]*[K
    )]*[S
    )]*[S /
    11 Anoxic growth of XOHO on XAds with SNHx -iN_XBio+iN_XCB/YOHO,Ax -iP_XBio+iP_XCB*YOHO,Ax -1/YOHO,Ax 1 NOx,OHOF O2
    O2,OHO Ads NHxO2,
    PO4
    /(iNO3,N2*YOHO,Ax) (iNO3,N2*YOHO,Ax) / NHx,OHO
    (K
    OHO
    / +SNHx)]*[SNOx
    (K
    / O2,OHO +S +S )]*[K)]*X
    -iN_XBio-(1-YOHO,Ax) -iP_XBio+iP_XCB/YOHO,Ax- -1/YOHO,Ax+ (1-YOHO,Ax)/ PO4,Bio,nut O2 PO4 NHx,O OH
    12 Anoxic growth of XOHO on XAds with SNOx iN_XCB/YOHO,Ax-iCOD_NO3*iN_XBio*iN_XCB 1 (K
    O /NOx,OHO+SNOx)]*[SPO4
    /(iNO3,N2*YOHO,Ax) iCOD_NO3*iN_XBio*iP_XCB iCOD_NO3*iN_XBio (iNO3,N2*YOHO,Ax) HO
    /q NHx,OHO
    (K +S
    *XCBNHx )]*[S
    *[fAds_OHO,NOx
    XCB_Ads
    13 Adsorption of XCB 1 -1 /(K
    Max
    -XAds/XOHO
    PO4,Bio,nut
    +SPO4
    ]*X)]*X
    OHO
    OH

    iN_XBio-(1-fXU_OHO,lys)*iN_XCB- iP_XBio-fXU_OHO,lys*iP_XUE-(1- (KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*[SPO4


    O
    14 heterotrophic decay fXU_OHO,lys 1-fXU_OHO,lys -1 q
    mSF_VFA,Max *X *S F
    *[K O2,OHO
    fXU_OHO,lys*iN_XUE fXU_OHO,lys)*iP_XCB / OHO OHO
    /(K
    μ *[S+S/ )]*XOH
    15 Conversion of SF to SVFA 1 -1 iN_SF iP_SF (KANO,Max +SO2)]*[KNOx,O
    PO4,Bio,nut O2 PO4
    (K O2,OHO
    +SO2 )]*[SNHx/
    O O2,ANO
    /
    (KNHx,ANO+SNHx)]*[SPO4
    HO
    16 growth of XANO -(-iCOD_NO3-YANO)/YANO -iN_XBio-1/YANO 1/YANO -iP_XBio 1 (KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*XOHO
    /μ *[(XPAO,Stor/XPA
    (KPAO,Max +S )]*XAN
    iN_XBio-(1-fXU_ANO,lys)*iN_XCB- iP_XBio-fXU_ANO,lys*iP_XUE-(1- )/PO4,Bio,nut PO4
    17 decay of XANO fXU_ANO,lys 1-fXU_ANO,lys -1 μ
    bANO*XANO
    O
    O PAO,Max
    *[(X /XPA
    fXU_ANO,lys*iN_XUE fXU_ANO,lys)*iP_XCB (KfStor_PAO+XPAO,Stor /XPA
    O
    )/ PAO,Stor
    )]*[SO2/
    (KfStor_PAO+XPAO,Stor/XPA
    O
    18 Aerobic growth of XPAO on XPAO,Stor with SNHx -(1-YPAO,Ox)/YPAO,Ox -iN_XBio -YStor_PP,Ox/YPAO,Ox-iP_XBio 1 YStor_PP,Ox/YPAO,Ox -1/YPAO,Ox (KO2,PAO+SO2)]*[SNHx/
    O
    )]*[SO2/
    (KPAO,Max,Plim
    μ +SNHx)]*[S
    (K NHx,PAO
    O2,PAO
    +S*[(X
    O2
    )]*[K
    PAO,Stor
    /
    PO4
    NHx,PA
    / PAO
    X
    -(1-YPAO,Ox)/YPAO,Ox-
    -iN_XBio -YStor_PP,Ox/YPAO,Ox-iP_XBio YStor_PP,Ox/YPAO,Ox -1/YPAO,Ox / )/
    19 Aerobic growth of XPAO on XPAO,Stor with SNOx 1 (K
    O
    μPAO,Max,Plim
    (K PO4,PAO,upt*[(X
    +S +X )]*X /P/
    iCOD_NO3*iN_XBio (K +SNHx
    fStor_PAO,Plim
    PO4
    )]*[S
    PAO,Stor
    PAO,Stor
    NHx,PAO NOx
    /XPAO)/ )]*[SO2/
    AO

    (KfStor_PAO,Plim
    (K O2,PAO +S
    +SO2+X )]*[S
    )]*[S //
    NOx,PAO NOx PAO,Stor
    NHx PO4
    20 Aerobic growth of XPAO on XPAO,Stor with SNHx / SPO4 limited -(1-YPAO,Ox)/YPAO,Ox -iN_XBio 1 -iP_XBio -1/YPAO,Ox X
    /(KPAO )]*[S+S/ )]*[KPO4,
    NHx,PAO O2 NHx
    (K
    PAO,uptO2,PAO/
    PO4,PAO,upt
    +S +S )]*[K )]*X
    O2 PO4 NHx,PA P
    n
    (K /μPAO *μPAO,Max +S*[(X )]*[X
    O
    AO PO4,PAO,upt PO4 PAO,St
    -(1-YPAO,Ox)/YPAO,Ox- (K /X / )/ +S )]*[S
    21 Aerobic growth of XPAO on XPAO,Stor with SNOx / SPO4 limited -iN_XBio 1 -iP_XBio -1/YPAO,Ox or
    PAO,PP PAO
    NHx,PAO NHx NOx
    iCOD_NO3*iN_XBio (K
    / PP,PAO
    fStor_PAO +X +XPAO,Stor )]*X/XPA
    PAO,PP PA
    n
    (K )]*[K
    μPAO
    *μPAO,Max
    NOx,PAO
    +S /NOx
    *[(X
    )]*[KPAO,St
    PO4
    O
    O O2,PAO

    -(1-YPAO,Ax)/ (1-YPAO,Ax)/ (K/XO2,PAO


    or
    ,PAO,upt PAO / )/+SO2)]*[SNHx/
    22 Anoxic growth of XPAO on SPAO,Stor with SNHx -iN_XBio -YStor_PP,Ax/YPAO,Ax-iP_XBio 1 YStor_PP,Ax/YPAO,Ax -1/YPAO,Ax (K
    (KNHx,PAO +X
    +S +S /XPA
    )]*[X
    )]*[S
    (iNO3,N2*YPAO,Ax) (iNO3,N2*YPAO,Ax) fStor_PAO
    PO4,PAO,upt PAO,Stor
    NHx PO4 NOx
    )]*[K/O2,PAO/
    /PAO,PP
    O
    (KO2,PAO +S
    +X+SO2 )]*[K
    )]*[S
    NOx )]*X
    - NOx,PAO
    PP,PAO PAO,PP NHx,PA
    PO4
    PA
    -(1-YPAO,Ax)/ (1-YPAO,Ax)/ /OO/
    23 Anoxic growth of XPAO on SPAO,Stor with SN0x -YStor_PP,Ax/YPAO,Ax-iP_XBio 1 YStor_PP,Ax/YPAO,Ax 1/YPAO,Ax+iCOD_NO
    (iNO3,N2*YPAO,Ax)-iN_XBio (iNO3,N2*YPAO,Ax) (KPO4,PAO,upt
    (K +S+SPO4 )]*XP
    )]*[S
    *i
    3 N_XBio
    NHx,PAO NHx NOx
    /AO
    iN_XBio-fXU_PAO,lys*iN_XUE- iP_XBio-fXU_PAO,lys*iP_XUE- m
    (KPAO *[S +S/ )]*[SPO4
    24 Aerobic decay of XPAO -(1-fXU_PAO,lys-fSU_PAO,lys) fSU_PAO,lys fXU_PAO,lys -1 NOx,PAOO2 NOx
    fSU_PAO,lys*iN_SU fSU_PAO,lys*iP_SU (K *[S+S/O2)]*XPAO
    / O2,PAO
    m
    m PAO*[SO2/
    (KPO4,PAO,upt
    25 XPAO,PP lysis on aerobic decay 1 -1 (K PAO
    +S +S
    O2
    )]*[X
    PO4
    )]*XP
    (KO2,PAO
    O2,PAO+SO2)]*[SPAO,P
    O2 NHx
    /
    AO/XPAO]*XPAO
    (KNHx,PAO
    P +SNHx)]*[SPO4
    26 XPAO,Stor lysis on aerobic decay -iN_XCB -iP_XCB 1 -1
    /
    (KPO4,PAO,lys+SPO4)]*[XP
    iN_XBio-fXU_PAO,lys*iN_XUE- iP_XBio-fXU_PAO,lys*iP_XUE- (1-ημPAO)*(1- m /XPAO]*X/PAO
    AO,Stor*[K
    -ημPAO*(1-fXU_PAO,lys- nμPAO*(1-fXU_PAO,lys- PAO O2,PAO

    27 Anoxic decay of XPAO fSU_PAO,lys*iN_SU-iN_XCB*(1-ημPAO)*(1- fSU_PAO,lys*iP_SU-(1-ημPAO)*(1- fSU_PAO,lys fXU_PAO,lys fXU_PAO,lys- -1 (KO2,PAO+SO2)]*[SNOx/


    fSU_PAO,lys)/iNO3,N2 fSU_PAO,lys)/iNO3,N2
    fXU_PAO,lys-fSU_PAO,lys) fXU_PAO,lys-fSU_PAO,lys)*iP_XCB fSU_PAO,lys) (KNOx,PAO+SNOx)]*XPAO
    mPAO*[KO2,PAO/
    (KO2,PAO+SO2)]*[SNOx/
    28 XPAO,PP lysis on anoxic decay 1 -1
    (KNOx,PAO+SNOx)]*[S )]*[XNHx
    PAO

    XPAO,Stor lysis on anoxic decay -iN_XCB -iP_XCB / /XPAO]*XPAO


    29 1 -1 ,PP
    (KNHx,PAO+SNHx)]*[SPO4
    /
    m
    (KPAO *[KO2,PAO+S/PO4)]*[XP
    iN_XBio-fXU_PAO,lys*iN_XUE- iP_XBio-fXU_PAO,lys*iP_XUE- PO4,PAO,lys
    1-fXU_PAO,lys- (KO2,PAO +S]*X
    /XPAO )]*[K
    30 Anaerobic decay of XPAO fSU_PAO,lys*iN_SU-iN_XCB*(1-fXU_PAO,lys- fSU_PAO,lys*iP_SU-(1-fXU_PAO,lys- fSU_PAO,lys fXU_PAO,lys -1 AO,Stor O2 PAO NOx,P
    fSU_PAO,lys /
    fSU_PAO,lys) fSU_PAO,lys)*iP_XCB mPAO
    AO *[K O2,PAO
    /
    (KPAO +SNOx)]*XPAO
    O2,PAO
    (KO2,PAO
    NOx,PAO
    O2,PAO
    +SO2 O2
    )]*[KNOx,P
    NOx,P
    31 XPAO,PP lysis on anaerobic decay 1 -1 AO
    AO
    /
    (KNOx,PAO
    NOx,PAO
    +S NOx
    )]*[S
    )]*[X NHx
    32 XPAO,Stor lysis on anaerobic decay -iN_XCB -iP_XCB 1 -1 b
    /,PPPP_PO4 *(1- NOx PAO
    /XPAO]*XPAO
    n
    (KμPAO )*[K+S /
    )]*[S
    NHx,PAO O2,PAO
    NHx PO4

    Cleavage of XPAO,PP for anoxic maintenance


    /b
    (KPP_PO4
    O2,PAO
    *[K
    +SO2,PAO
    O2
    )]* /
    33 1 -1 (K
    [SNOx /(K+S
    O2,PAO
    PO4,PAO,lys
    +S)]*[K
    O2 PO4
    NOx,PAO
    +S)]*[X )]
    NOx,P
    NOx P
    *[X
    AO
    / PAO,PP
    AO,Stor
    /XPAO ]*X
    /(K PAO +XPA
    PP,PAO
    34 Cleavage of XPAO,PP for anaerobic maintenance 1 -1 q
    (K )]*XPAO+S*[S
    PAO,VFA_Stor
    /
    )]*[X
    O,PPNOx,PAO NOxVFA PAO
    (K/ +SVFA)]*[XPAO
    ,PP VFA,PAO
    35 Sequestration of SVFA by XPAO -1 YPP_Stor,PAO -YPP_Stor,PAO 1 /
    (KPP,PAO+XPAO,PP)]*XPA
    ,PP

    Composition Matrix (KPP,PAO+XPAO,PP)]*XPA


    O

    COD -1 1 1 iCOD_NO3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 iCOD_N2 O

    N iN_SF 1 1 iN_SU iN_XUE iN_XU iN_XCB iN_XCB iN_XBio iN_XBio iN_XBio 1


    P iP_SF 1 iP_SU iP_XUE iP_XU iP_XCB iP_XCB iP_XBio iP_XBio 1 iP_XBio
    Date Model Error type

    6/14/2010 All Notation

    ASM2d, New General,


    6/14/2010 ASM2d+TUD, UCTPHO+ Notation

    ASM2d, New General,


    6/14/2010 ASM2d+TUD, UCTPHO+ Notation
    ASM2d, New General,
    6/14/2010 UCTPHO+ Notation

    6/14/2010 ASM2d Typing Error

    6/14/2010 ASM2d Notation


    6/14/2010 ASM2d Notation
    6/14/2010 ASM3+BioP Notation

    6/14/2010 ASM3+BioP Notation


    6/14/2010 ASM3+BioP Typing Error

    6/14/2010 ASM2d+TUD Notation


    6/14/2010 ASM2d+TUD Notation
    6/14/2010 New General Notation

    6/14/2010 UCTPHO+ Model Error

    6/14/2010 UCTPHO+ Model Error

    3/9/2011 ASM3 Notation


    3/11/2011 ASM2d Notation

    3/11/2011 ASM2d Notation

    3/11/2011 All models Notation

    3/11/2011 All models Notation


    7/6/2011 ASM1 Notation
    7/6/2011 ASM1 Notation
    7/6/2011 ASM3 Notation
    7/6/2011 ASM3 Notation
    7/6/2011 ASM3 Notation
    9/28/2011 ASM3+BioP Notation
    9/28/2011 New General Notation
    9/28/2011 New General Notation
    9/28/2011 ASM2d+TUD Notation
    9/28/2011 ASM2d+TUD Notation
    9/28/2011 ASM2d+TUD Notation
    9/28/2011 ASM2d+TUD Notation
    9/28/2011 ASM2d+TUD Notation
    9/28/2011 ASM2d+TUD Notation
    9/28/2011 UCTPHO+ Notation
    9/28/2011 UCTPHO+ Model Error
    9/28/2011 UCTPHO+ Model Error
    9/28/2011 UCTPHO+ Model Error
    Updates
    Minor modification
    Modification that should be considered
    Major modification

    Cell reference Row

    column C

    column C

    Corrected Matrix: Standardised notation

    Corrected Matrix: Standardised notation

    Anoxic Storage of XPP


    T55

    E90
    E84, E85, AE53, AE54, AE55
    E80, E81, AC58, AC59, AC60

    E72
    AC31, AC32, AC65, AC66 Aerobic/Anoxic lysis of XPAO,PP

    E37-E40, rows 54 and 56


    AD50 and AD51 Processes 6 and 7
    AG78 Anoxic growth of XPAO on SF with SNHx

    processes 3, 4, 7 and 8
    AC14, AC15, AC18, AC19, AC58, AC59, AC62, AC63

    AC24 (original notation) Adsorption of XCB


    AC68 (standardised notation)

    E39, E40, V50, X35, X36, X37, X38, X41, X42


    AE23 and AE55 Anoxic Storage of XPP

    E58

    Z29 and Z30


    Z35 and Z36
    X43
    Y37, Y38 and Y43
    Y37
    AC23 and AC57
    AG65
    Z21 to Z25
    T12 to T33 and T45 to T66
    AD58 and AD62
    AD59
    T16
    AD57 to AD59
    AD57 and AD59
    AC29 to AC34
    O25 heterotrophic decay
    O69 heterotrophic decay
    AB82 Anoxic decay of XPAO
    Updates

    Column Wrong
    Parameter
    description "Half saturation parameter"

    Parameter
    description Fermentation product (considered to be acetate)

    SAc

    subscript "PHA"

    SN2 [(_/YHA_PP)*(1/iNOx,N2)]*SN2+XPAO,PP+[iTSS_XPAO,PP-(1/YStor_PP)*iTSS_XPAO,Stor]*XTSS
    Parameter
    description mPAO
    kinetics invertion KS,fPP_PAO and fPP_PAO,Max in standardised notat
    kinetics invertion KS,fPP_PAO and fPP_PAO,Max in standardised notat
    Parameter
    description mStor
    kinetics [SHCO/(KHCO,PAO+SHCO)]
    inversion of
    YVFA_PHA,PAO,An / YVFA_PHA,PAO,Ax in standardised notation
    stoichiometry and YPP_PHA,PAO,An / YPP_PHA,PAO,Ax in standardised notatio
    kinetics nqOHO,Ax
    kinetics ηP

    kinetics
    Original notation: KADS*XENM*[(fMA-XADS)/XH]*XH
    kinetics Standardised notation: qXCB_Ads*XCB*[(fAds_OHO,Max-XAds)/XOHO]*XOHO

    iTSS_XSto
    XOHO,Stor, XTSS

    Kinetics KO2
    Parameter
    description iP_MeP
    using "v+row number+state variable" rule to create stoichiometry names misses S or
    X from name of state variables could be ambiguous and is not consistent with other
    parameter names

    using "iCharge_statevariable" rule to create stoichiometry names misses S or X from name of


    state variables could be ambiguous and is not consistent with other parameter names
    kinetics Ks
    kinetics KXB,hyd
    stoichiometry iTSS_Xbio
    kinetics SNH4
    kinetics KALK_H
    kinetics nNO,A
    kinetics bOHO
    kinetics KS,PAO,Max and KS,PAO,Max,Plim
    stoichiometry iCharge_SNOx
    kinetics fpp,max
    kinetics fgly,max
    stoichiometry v5_SAc
    kinetics nqPAO,Ax
    kinetics KPO4,PAO
    kinetics XHA

    SNH4 iNBM-(1-fXE,H)*iNBM-fXE,H*iNXE

    SNHx iN_XBio-(1-fXU_OHO,lys)*iN_XBio-fXU_OHO,lys*iN_XUE

    SN2 -
    Correct

    "Half-saturation coefficient"

    Fermentation product (Volatil Fatty Acids)

    SVFA (corominas et al., 2010)


    Subscript "Stor" (corominas et al., 2010)
    and Y_PHA=1/Y_Stor_PP

    [(1/YStor_PP)*(1/iNOx,N2)]*SN2+XPAO,PP+[iTSS_XPAO,PP-(1/YStor_PP)*iTSS_XPAO,Stor]*XTSS

    bPAO
    d fPP_PAO,Max in standardised notation translation
    d fPP_PAO,Max in standardised notation translation

    mOHO,Stor
    Missing kinetic terms that have not been corrected (please refer to the article)
    inversion of
    _PHA,PAO,Ax
    in standardised notation translation
    PP_PHA,PAO,Ax
    in standardised notation translation
    nμOHO,Ax
    ημPAO

    ηH or nμOHO,Ax added
    Original notation: KADS*XENM*[fMA-XADS/XH]*XH
    Standardised notation: qXCB_Ads*XCB*[fAds_OHO,Max-XAds/XOHO]*XOHO

    iTSS_XOHO,Stor

    KO2,PAO

    iP_XMeP

    Main symbol added

    Main symbol added to the parameter names


    KSB,OHO
    KXCB,hyd
    iTSS_XBio
    SNHx
    KAlk,OHO
    nNO,end,A and nmANO
    mOHO
    KfStor_PAO and KfStor_PAO,Plim
    iCharge_SNO3
    fPP_PAO,Max
    fGly_PAO,Max
    v5_SA
    nqPAO
    KPO4,PAO,nut
    XPHA
    iNBM-(1-fXE,H)*iNENM-fXE,H*iNXE
    iN_XBio-(1-fXU_OHO,lys)*iN_XCB-fXU_OHO,lys*iN_XUE
    nμPAO*(1-fXU_PAO,lys-fSU_PAO,lys)/iNO3,N2

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