P2– REVISION – AL 21

1. Solve the inequality |𝑥 − 8| > |2𝑥 − 4|

2. Solve the inequality 2|𝑥 − 3| > |𝑥 + 1|

3. Using the substitution 𝑢 = 2𝑥 , solve the equation |2𝑥 − 7| = 1

4. Sketch on the same diagram graphs of 𝑦 = |3𝑥 − 5| and 𝑦 = 𝑥 + 2

5. Hence solve the equation |3𝑥 − 5| = 𝑥 + 2

6. The polynomial 2𝑥 3 + 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 6 , where 𝑎 and 𝑏 are constants, is denoted by 𝑝(𝑥). It is given that
when 𝑝(𝑥) is divided by (𝑥 − 3) the remainder is 30, and that when 𝑝(𝑥) is divided by (𝑥 + 1) the
remainder is 18.

a) Find the values of 𝑎 and 𝑏.

b) When 𝑎 and 𝑏 have these values, verify that (𝑥 − 2) is a factor of 𝑝(𝑥) and hence factorise 𝑝(𝑥)
completely.

7. The polynomial 𝑥 3 + 3𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 2 is denoted by 𝑓(𝑥).

a) Find the quotient and remainder when 𝑓(𝑥) is divided by 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 1.

b) Use the factor theorem to show that (𝑥 + 1) is a factor of 𝑓(𝑥)

8. Solve the following logarithmic equation

𝑙𝑛(3 − 2𝑥) − 2𝑙𝑛𝑥 = 𝑙𝑛5

9. Solve the equation 𝑙𝑛(𝑥 3 − 3) = 3𝑙𝑛𝑥 − 𝑙𝑛 3. Give your answer correct to 3 significant figures.

10. Solve following equations using suitable substitutions

a) 52𝑥 + 5𝑥 = 12
3
b) 2𝑥 + 2𝑥 − 4 = 0
11. The variables x and y satisfy the equation 𝑦 = 𝐾𝑥 𝑚 , where 𝐾 and 𝑚 are constants. The graph of 𝑙𝑛 𝑦
against 𝑙𝑛 𝑥 is a straight line passing through the points (0, 2.0) and (6, 10.2), as shown in the diagram.
Find the values of 𝐾 and 𝑚, correct to 2 decimal places.

12. The equation of a curve is 𝑦 = 𝑥 3 𝑒 −𝑥 .

a) Show that the curve has a stationary point where 𝑥 = 3.

b) Find the equation of the tangent to the curve at the point where 𝑥 = 1.

13. Prove the following,

𝑑𝑦 6−2𝑥𝑦
a) If 𝑥 2 𝑦 + 𝑦 2 = 6𝑥 𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑤 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 =
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 2 +2𝑦

𝑑𝑦 2𝑥−4𝑥𝑦
b) If 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 2 𝑦 + 3𝑦 = 9 𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑤 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 =
𝑑𝑥 2𝑥 2 −3

𝑑𝑦
14. Find 𝑑𝑥 of following parametric equations

a) 𝑥 = 3𝑡 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑡 , 𝑦 = 4 + 2𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑡

b) 𝑥 = 𝑙𝑛(𝑡 + 1) , 𝑦 = 𝑒 2𝑡 + 2𝑡

c) 𝑥 = 𝑒 2𝑡 , 𝑦 = 4𝑡𝑒 𝑡

15. Show that the equation 𝑡𝑎𝑛(𝑥 + 45) = 6𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝑥 can be written in the form 6𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝑥 − 5 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝑥 + 1 = 0.

Hence solve the equation 𝑡𝑎𝑛(𝑥 + 45) = 6 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝑥, for 0 < 𝑥 < 180
16. By first expressing the equation 𝑡𝑎𝑛(𝑥 + 45) = 2 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑥 + 1 as a quadratic equation in 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝑥, solve the
equation for 0 < 𝑥 < 180

17. (a)Express 4 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃 − 6 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 in the form 𝑅𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝜃 − 𝛼), where 𝑅 > 0 and 0 < 𝛼 < 90 .

Give the exact value of 𝑅 and the value of 𝛼 correct to 2 decimal places.

(b)Solve the equation 4 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃 − 6 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 = 3 for 0 ≤ 𝜃 ≤ 360.

(c)Hence find the greatest and least possible values of (4𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 − 6𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃)2 + 8 , as 𝜃 varies

18. Prove that,

a) 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 2𝑥(𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥 − 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥) = 4𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥

5 3
b) (2𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)2 = 2 + 2𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥 − 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥

1 1
c) 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥 = 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 −
2 2

3
d) 12𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥 = 2 (1 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠4𝑥)

19. Integrate

a) ∫(𝑒 3𝑥 − 𝑒 −𝑥 ) 𝑑𝑥 e) ∫ 2𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 2𝑥 𝑑𝑥
2
b) ∫ 3𝑥−4 𝑑𝑥 f) ∫ 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝑥 𝑑𝑥

c) ∫ 4𝑠𝑖𝑛(3𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 g) ∫ 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥 𝑑𝑥

1 h) ∫ 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 2𝑥 𝑑𝑥
d) ∫ 𝑐𝑜𝑠 (2 𝑥) 𝑑𝑥

20. Show that

6 1
a) ∫0 𝑥+2
𝑑𝑥 = 2𝑙𝑛2

𝜋
1
b) ∫ 4𝜋 3 + 2𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 2 (8 + 𝜋)
−
4
21. The diagram shows part of the curve 𝑦 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + 2𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥. Find the exact volume of the solid formed

when the shaded region is rotated through 360° about the x-axis.

2
22. Show that 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑥 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥

𝜋
1 1
Hence show that ∫𝜋2 𝑑𝑥 =
𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥+𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑥 8
3

23. Use the expansions of sin(5𝑥 + 2𝑥) and 𝑠𝑖𝑛(5𝑥 − 2𝑥) to show that

𝑠𝑖𝑛7𝑥 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛3𝑥 = 2𝑠𝑖𝑛5𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥

𝜋
3 11−3√3
Hence show that ∫ 2𝑠𝑖𝑛5𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 𝑑𝑥 =
𝜋
42
6

24. The diagram shows the curve 𝑦 = 𝑒 2𝑥 . The shaded region 𝑅 is bounded by the curve and by the lines
𝑥 = 0, 𝑦 = 0 and 𝑥 = 𝑝.
a) Find, in terms of 𝑝, the area of 𝑅.
b) Hence calculate the value of 𝑝 for which the
area of 𝑅 is equal to 5. Give your answer
correct to 2 significant figures.
25. The diagram shows the curve 𝑦 = 𝑒 −𝑥 − 𝑒 −2𝑥 and its maximum point M. The x-coordinate of M is
denoted by 𝑝.

(i) Find the exact value of 𝑝.

(ii) Show that the area of the shaded region bounded by the curve, the x-axis and the line 𝑥 = 𝑝 is
1
equal to 8

𝜋
26. Find the exact value of ∫06 (𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥)𝑑𝑥

𝜋
1
27. Show that ∫04 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 2

28. By using an appropriate trigonometrical identity, find the exact value of

𝜋
3
∫ 3𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝜋
6

𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 𝑑𝑦
29. (a)By differentiating , show that if 𝑦 = 𝑐𝑜𝑡 𝑥 then 𝑑𝑥 = −𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥.
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥

(b)By expressing 𝑐𝑜𝑡 2 𝑥 in terms of 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥 and using the result of part (i), show that
𝜋
2
𝜋
∫ 𝑐𝑜𝑡 2 𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 1 −
4
𝜋
4

1 1
(c)Express 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 in terms of 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑥 and hence show that can be expressed as 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥.
1−𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 2
1
Hence, using the result of part (i), find ∫ 1−𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 𝑑𝑥
30. Prove the identity 𝑐𝑜𝑠3𝜃 ≡ 𝑐𝑜𝑠 3 𝜃 − 3𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃.
Using this result, find the exact value of

𝜋
2

∫ 𝑐𝑜𝑠 3 𝜃𝑑𝜃
𝜋
3

31. Prove the identity 𝑐𝑜𝑠 4𝜃 + 4𝑐𝑜𝑠 2𝜃 ≡ 8𝑐𝑜𝑠 4 𝜃 − 3.

Hence find the exact value of

𝜋
4

∫ 𝑐𝑜𝑠 4 𝜃 𝑑𝜃
0