4.
Has the ability to synthesize the learning of other
UNIT 1: LESSON 4
The Essence of Anthropology, Political
Science, and Sociology
ANTHROPOLOGY
 study of human beings and their ancestors
 produces knowledge about what makes people
different from one another and what they all
share in common
 Based on etymology, comes from the Greek
word ‘ANTHROPOS’- which means “man”,
and ‘LOGOS’, meaning “science or study of”
 discipline of infinite curiosity about human
beings. They seek to discover, WHERE, WHEN
and WHY humans appeared on earth. They look
at how humans have changed since then. Has
been defined as that branch of knowledge which
deals with the scientific study of man, his/her
works, behavior, and value in time and space.
FOUR FIELDS OF DISCPILINE
1. PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY
2. CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY
3. BIOLOGICAL
ANTHROPOLOGY
4. LINGUISTICS
PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY
 Focuses on humans as biological variations
 tracing evolutionary development and
looking at biological variations
CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY
 Investigates the contrasting ways groups of
humans think, feel, and behave.
BIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY
 Archeology; recover information about human
cultures usually from the past, by studying
material samples, skeletal remains, and
settlement.
LINGUISTICS
 Studies the nature and nuances of language,
communication system by which cultures are
maintained and passed on to succeeding
generations.
IMPORTANCE OF ANTHROPOLOGY
1. Help us understand how one language relates to
another and how humans have communicated with
one another over time.
2. Bridges the gap between varying cultures by
studying and explaining cultural practices
3. Learning about the traditions and values of other
cultures have economic benefits.
discipline into one comprehensive pictures of what it
means to be human.
POLITICAL SCIENCE
 the body of knowledge relating to the study of
the state and government.
 primarily focuses on the POWER that plays a
crucial part in the struggles in which the
individuals and their groups may be found
involved accordingly to their capability and
degree of interest at all levels, local, regional,
national and international.
IMPORTANCE OF POLITICAL
SCIENCE
1. Inculcate knowledge of the state, its origin, nature
and functions. Knowledge about the state of great
significance to modern man.
2. Administrators, political leaders and diplomats,
who conduct the affairs of the state, also require
sound knowledge of political science in order to
perform their functions with efficiency
3. Enriches one’s mind and widens one’s intellectual
horizon.
4. Make people conscious of their rights and duties.
5. Lastly, Political Science is significantly important
as for valuable for creating good citizenship and
securing unity of the nation; makes citizens
conscious of national, objectives and goals.
SOCIOLOGY
 science of society and social behavior, which
is viewed as an aggregate of individuals.
 Expands our knowledge of the world
It deals with:
Social development in general describes and
analyses social life in all its phases and complexities.
Origin and development, structure and functions, of
social groups, their forms, laws, customs,
constitutions, modes of life, thought and action of
their contribution to human culture and civilization.
Discovering the general principles underlying all
social phenomena and social relationship and to
establish laws of change and growth in social
changes.
Providing a vivid awareness of the relationship
between private experience and the wider society
IMPORTANCE OF SOCIOLOGY
1. Helps in the resolution of societal problems which
hinder progress and development.
2. Serve as tool in disseminating information on
what is happening around us.
3. Human culture is greatly enhanced and cultivated
through sociology.
4. It is an indispensable vehicle toward world
understanding.