MACHINE TECHNOLOGY 205

READING AND USING ENGINEERING DRAWINGS

BLANK DEVELOPMENT

For Farmed Sheet Metal Parts

There are many systems employed by a variety of

industries (aircraft, electronics, architectural, automotive, etc.)
to account for what happens in a sheet metal part when bending
it from its flat blank state to Its final bent-up form:
"Setbacks", "Bend Allowances" and "K Factors" are somewhat
different approaches to arrive at a proper flat blank size
and insure that features are correctly located
on given part side after bending.

The system illustrated here is one developed by staff of a former precision

manufacturer in Berkeley, CA. It has proven over many decades, when doing
"coin" bending*, to produce extremely accurate and reliable results.

* Please Note: Thefollowingformulas for right-angle bends assume a bending

process called "coin" (or," bottom") bending ... as opposed to "air" bending.

d a baruch
 DIMENSIONING WITH NON-90 DEGREE BENDS

>
�
� 1.000
Extension Line Dimensioning

i:
� 1.000

� 1.000 � 1.000�

Tangential Dimensioning

----1 0.881
Illustrated here is the development of a blank for parts having a standard 90 deg. bend.
Shown is a common dimensioning method and calculation of a Setback ( bend deduction) *

SB = Setback: The amount to be subtracted from the sum of the outside

dimensions of the two legs of the bent part; the object is to determine the correct
length of the flat blank in preparation for bending. The formula for this is
SB = .43r + 1.372t

r = The radius on the inside curve of the bend.

t = The thickness of the sheet or plate

T
2.000
goo

R0.125

j
0.125
____ _[

-2.000--jl

Developing the flat blank length for the above drawn part:
Calculate the Setback and then subtract it from the sum of two
outside dimensions as follows -

Where r = .125 and t = .125,

SB = .43 ( .125) + 1.372 ( .125)

= .0538 + .1715
= .225

Then 2.000
+2.000

= 4.000
- .225

= 3.775 This is the length of the flat blank.

 In example #2 of flat blank development, everything is the same as
example #1 except the metal thickness ( "t" now = .062)

EXAMPLE 2 EXAMPLE 3

goo goo
2.000 2.000
R0.125 R0.032
0.062 0.062
_[ _[
__.L-�==========:::::i __.L-�==========:::::::::i
-2.ooo�T -2.boo�T
EXAMPLE #2

SB = .43 ( .125) + 1.372 ( .062)

= .0538 + .0851

= .139

Then 2.000
+2.000

= 4.000
- .139

= 3.861 This is the length of the flat blank.

EXAMPLE #3

SB = .43 ( .032) + 1.372 ( .062)

= .014 + .0851

= .099

Then 2.000
+2.000

= 4.000
- .099

= 3.901 This is the length of the flat blank.

NON-90 DEG. SETBACKS - EXTENSION LINE DIMENSIONING

SB = 2 ( r + t) tan ( a/2) - 2TI ( r + .4t) a/360

a = Angle of bend, specifically the angle of deflection - in other words,

the amount of bend away from the 180 o starting point. ( To find the
deflected angles in these examples, subtract the included angles
shown from 180 o) .

r = The radius on the inside curve of the bend.

t = The thickness of the sheet or plate

120 °

R0.062
2.000 0.125
...___ __.__,_[

__ T
\)� 2.000 �

NON-90 DEG, SETBACKS - TANGENT LINE DIMENSIONING

SB = 2 ( r + t) - ( r + .4t) A I 57.3

Calculate: 1.863 + 1.863 - SB

1.863----1
 NAME
CALCULATE FLAT BLANK LENGTHS �ITH THE FORMULA
SB = .43r + 1.372t
-j 1.125

0.100-j I- 2.000
1.500 l_ll r R0.063
R0.125 0,090 TYP
___J__�=====i _r 0.500

2.soo-JT -2,000

CD-- ®--
0 090
-Jt- ,
o.12s-jl- 0.625
1.500 R0.093 1.000 R0.090

R0.187 X2
2.soo-/ 3.172

0 ©
1.125
ii
0.090-Jr o.100 J
R0.063 2.000
T
1.125 R0.063
R0.125

3.250-l l-2.000

0 0
-ll-0.090 0.625

1.125 R0.125 X2 0.125

_[
0,750 R0.187 X2
-' Tl--3.172----i
---3.250---1

0---
1

®f----- Blo.nk Devel.

dab - 5 4 2013
 Co.lculo.te the flo.t-blo.nk loco.tion of the center of the hole
griol in the X � Y o.xes frorri the inolico. teol reference eolges:

X= ----------------- Y=

--------------------- ... 'I

t
1.500

J_ Reference
6.000 Edges for Flo. t
Blo.nk

R0.125
---3,050---
[--1.soo TYP
J_ i:::::=============:::::'.r:=============::::::::;---,--
0.100 T
0 0
2,550
0000 0000
0000 0000
0000 0000
0000 5,000
000000000
000000000
000000000

0 0
Blo.nk Devel.
cio.b - 5 4 2013