SOCIAL SCIENCE

CLASS VII A

GROUP 1
TOPIC : VISTARA OF VELLORE

TOPOGRAPHY
 Vellore is at 220m above the mean sea level. It is in the Vellore district of the South
Indian state, Tamil Nadu, 135 km west of the state capital Chennai. Vellore lies in the
Eastern Ghats region and Palar river basin.

 The landscape in the hilly terrain is undulating to rugged, flanked by hill ranges
belonging to Eastern Ghats. There are two major rivers in the district – the Palar and the
Ponnai. Both are rain fed seasonal rivers and so scope of irrigation lead agriculture is
limited.

CLIMATE
 Vellore is in a tropical savanna climate. The temperature ranges from 13°C
( 55°F ) to 39.4°C ( 102.9 F ). Like the rest of the state, April to June are the hottest
months and December to January are the mildest. Vellore receives 1034.1 mm (40.71
inch) of rainfall every year.

 The average annual rainfall is 795mm, out of which Northeast monsoon contributes to
535mm and the Southwest monsoon contributed to 442mm. The Southwest monsoon,
with an onset in June and lasting up to August, brings scanty rainfall. The bulk of the
rainfall is received during the Northeast monsoon in October, November and December.
The humidity ranges from 40%–63% during summer and 67%–86% during winter.

FLORA AND FAUNA

About nine different forest types ranging from tropical southern dry mixed deciduous
types to tropical dry evergreen scrub forest types are found distributed in the division.
The sandal wood, Terminalia spp, Albizzia spp,

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 Zyziphus, bamboo are the principal species found distributed in the region. The forests
are rich in Avifauna and reptiles which includes monitor lizard, varieties of vipers, kraits
etc. Wild animals such as Indian gaur, Sloth bear, leopard, wild boar etc. are commonly
found in the division.
 Amirthi Zoological Park is a zoo in Vellore district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.
Amirthi is the biggest forest in Tamil Nadu Located in the Vellore district of Tamil Nadu,
Amirthi Forest is rich is a variety of fauna and flora. One half of this 25 km forest is
made as a Wildlife Sanctuary. Animals at the park include spotted deer, mongoose,
hedgehog, foxes, reason monkeys, red headed parrots, love birds, tortoises, peacock,
crocodiles, wild cats, eagles, ducks, pigeons, wild parrots, rabbits, and pythons.

Monuments and Architecture

 Vellore Fort
The important archaeological monument of Vellore district is Vellore Fort. The Fort
was constructed by then the ruler of Vellore, Bommu Nayakar and his brother during
1526-1595 AD. It is located in the heart of Vellore covering an area of 133 acres. The
fort was constructed in granite from the nearby quarries in Arcot and Chittoor districts. It
spreads over an area of 133 acres (0.54 km2) and is located at an altitude of 220 m
(720 feet) within a broken mountain range.
 Jalakanteshwara Temple Jalakandeswarar
Temple is a temple dedicated to Lord Shiva which is located in the Vellore Fort, in heart
of the Vellore city, in the state of Tamil Nadu, India. The Jalakanteshwara Temple is a
fine example of Vijayanagaram Architecture. The temple has exquisite carvings on its
gopuram (tower), richly carved stone pillars, large wooden gates and stunning monoliths
and sculptures. 

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