SIG CLASSES

CHAPTER- 1
MEASURE OF CENTRAL TENDENCY
Arithmetic Mean
Individual Series
1) On a particular warm day, six shops reported early morning sales of
Cold drinks as follows:
Shop : A B C D E F
Sales: 73 80 36 75 68 82
Calculate the appropriate of central tendency and explain the reason
for Year choice.
[DU B.A. Eco (H), 2010 Marks] [Ans: A.M. = 69]
2) Find the arithmetic mean of the numbers 1,2,3………………….., n.
[Ans : n+1/2]
Discrete Series
3) Find the arithmetic mean from the following frequency table:

Marks 52 58 60 65 68 70 75

No of 7 5 4 6 3 3 2
Students

[Ans: 61.6]
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Continuous Series
4) The data on number of patient attending a hospital in a month are
given below. Find the average number of patients attending the
hospital in a day, using direct method.

No. of patients 0– 10 – 20 – 30 – 40 – 50 –
10 20 30 40 50 60
No. of days 2 6 9 7 4 2

Attending the
hospital

[Ans.: 28.67]
5) In a study on patients, the following data were obtained. Find the
arithmetic mean, using step-deviation method
Age (in 10 – 20 – 30 – 40 – 50 – 60 – 70 – 80 –
years) 19 29 39 49 59 69 79 89
No of 1 0 1 10 17 38 9 3
cases

[Ans.: 60.7]
6) The sum of deviations of a certain number of observations measured
from 4 is 72 and the sum of the deviations of the same values from 7 is
-3. Find the number of observation and their mean.
[Ans.: 25 and 6.88]
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7) The sum of the deviations of a set of value X1,X2, ……, Xn measured
from 50 is -10 and the sum of the deviations of value from 46 is 70. Find
the Value of n and the mean.
[Ans.: n = 20 &X= 49.5]
Finding the Missing Items
8) Find the value of p for the following distribution whose mean is 16.6.

X: 8 12 15 P 20 25 30

f: 12 16 20 24 16 8 4
[Ans.: p = 18]
9) The mean of the following frequency distribution is 50. But the
frequency f1 and f2 in classes 20 – 40 and 60 – 80 are missing. Find the
missing frequency

Class 0-20 20- 40- 60- 80- Total

40 60 80 100
Frequency 17 f1 32 f2 19 120

[Ans.: f1 = 28, & f2 = 24]

Application based question
10) The mean age of 20 students of a class is 12 years. A new student is
admitted to that class and the mean goes up, to 12.5 years. Find the
age of new student.
[Ans.: 22.5 years]
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11) The mean of seven numbers is 10; the mean of the first four
numbers is 8 and that of the last four numbers is 16. Find the
4thnumber.
[Ans.: 26]
12) Average marks in Statistics of 10 students of a class was 65. A new
students took admission with 20 marks whereas two existing students
left the college. If the marks of these students were 40 and 39, find the
average marks of the remaining students.
[Ans.: 65.67]
13) The daily average sales of a store were Rs. 2,750 for the month of
Feb. 1996. During the month, the highest and the lowest sales were
Rs.8,950 and Rs. 580 respectively. Find the average daily sales if the
highest and the lowest sales are not taken into account.
[Ans : Rs. 2600.74]
14) The mean marks obtained by 300 students in the subject of
Statistics are 45. The mean of the top 100 of them was found to be 70
and the mean of the last 100 was known to b 20. What is the mean of
the remaining 100 students?
[Ans.:45]
15) A firm of readymade garments makes both men’s and women’s
shirts. Its profit averages 6% of sales. Its profits in men’s shirts average
8% of sales: and women’s shirts comprise 60% of output. What is the
average profit per sales rupees in women’s shirts?

[Ans.:4.67%)
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16) B.Com. (Pass) III year has three Sections A, B and C with 50, 40, 60
students respectively the mean marks for the three sections were
determined as 85, 60 and 65 respectively. However, marks of a
student of section A were wrongly recorded as 50 instead of zero.
Determine the mean marks of all the three sections put together.

[Ans.: 70]

17) The mean weight of 150 students (boys and girls) in a class is 60
Kg. The mean weight of boy students is 70 Kg and that of girl students
is 55 Kg. find the number of boys and girls in that class.
[Ans.: Boys: 50 & girls: 100]
18) The average monthly wage of all workers in a factory is Rs. 444. If
the average wages paid to male and female workers are Rs. 480 and
Rs. 360 respectively. Find the percentage of males and females
employed by the factory.
[Ans.:70% males, 30% females]

19) In a certain examination, the average grade of all students in class

A is 68.4 and that of students in class B is 71.2. if the average of both
classes combined is 70, find the ratio of the number of students in
class A to the number in class B.
[Ans.3:4]Property 1: Sum of deviations from actual arithmetic mean
is Zero
Property 2: Sum of square of deviations from arithmetic mean is least
Property 3: Change of origin & scale
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20) What is the effect on Arithmetic Mean, if

(a) 5 is added to all the values. (b) 5 is subtracted from all the values.
(c) All the values are multiplied by 5.

(d) All the values are divided by 5.

Explain with the help of an example.

[Ans.: Mean will get: (a) increased by 5; (b) reduced by 5 (c)
Multiplied by 5; (d) divided by 5]
21) The mean of 68 numbers is 18. If each number is divided by
6, find the new mean. Find the relation between the new mean
and the old mean.
[Ans.: Mean = 3, and new mean = 1/6 of old mean]
Median: A Positional Average
22) The numbers of runs score by 11 players of the cricket team
of a school are: 5, 19, 42,11, 50, 30, 21, 0, 52, 36, 27 .
Find the median scores.
[Ans.: 27]
23) The numbers of runs scored by 12 players of the cricket
team of a school are: 5, 19, 42, 11, 50, 30, 21,0, 52, 36, 27,60

[Ans.: 28.5]
24) The median of the observation 8, 11, 13, 15, x+3, 30, 35, 40,
43, arranged in ascending order is 22, find x.

[Ans.: 19]
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25) Calculate median for the following data:
No. of students: 6 4 16 7 8 2
Marks: 20 9 25 50 40 80
[Ans.: 25]
26) Find the median of the following frequency distribution:
X: 5 7 9 12 14 17 19 21
F: 6 5 3 6 5 3 2 4
[Ans.: 12]
27) The following table gives the weekly expenditure of 100
families. Find the median weekly expenditure;
Weekly Number
Expenditure of
families
0-10 14

10-20 23
20-30 27
30-40 21
40-50 15
[Ans.: 24.81]
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28) The following table gives the marks obtained by 50 students

in Economics. Find the median.
Marks No of student Marks No of students

10 - 14 4 30 - 34 7
15 - 19 6 35 - 39 3
20 - 24 10 40 - 44 9
25 - 29 5 45 - 49 6
[Ans.: 29.5]
29) Compute median from the following Data:
Mid- values: 115 125 135 145 155 165 175 185 195
Frequency: 6 25 48 72 116 60 38 22 3
[Ans.: 153.79]
SIG CLASSES
30) Compute the appropriate average for the following data
giving reason for your choice
Values: 0-100 100-200 200-300 300-400 400 & above
Frequency: 40 89 148 64 39
[Ans.: 241.22]
31) An incomplete distribution is given below:
Variable: 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70
Frequency: 10 20 ? 40 ? 25 15
(i) You are given that the median value is 35. Find out missing
frequency, if total frequency = 170.
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(ii) Calculate the arithmetic mean of the completed table.
[Ans.: (i) f1 = 35, & f2 = 25, (ii) 35.88]
32) Compute Q1, Q2 and Q3 of the following data:
9, 13, 14, 7, 12, 17, 8, 10, 6, 15, 18, 21, 20
[Ans.: Q1 = 8.5, Q2 = 13 and Q3 = 17.5]
33) Compute D3 of the following data:
13, 14, 7, 12, 9, 17, 8, 10, 6, 15, 18, 21, 20
[Ans.: D3 = 9.2]

34) Compute D3, D6 and D7 of the following data:

Marks 10 20 30 40 50 80
No. of students 4 7 15 18 7 2
[Ans.: D3 = 30, D6 = 40 and D7 = 40]
Commute Q3 and D7 for the following frequency distribution:
Marks: 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70 70-80
No. of student: 3 10 17 7 6 4 2 1
[Ans.: Q3 = 40.83, & D7= = 37.14]
36) Given below are the marks obtained by 50 students
appearing for an admission test:

Marks 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50

No. of 6 8 20 9 7
students:
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If the cut-off point was 34, find the percentage of students scoring
more than 34 marks.
[Ans.: 24.8%]
37) Revenue from daily sales of 250 shops selling fireworks are
given below:
Revenue (Rs.) No. of
shops
Less than 500 50

500-1500 120

1500-2500 50

2500-3500 30

If a pollution tax is to be levied on shops earning at least Rs. 1,800 per

day, calculate the % of shops which will have to pay the tax.
[DU B. A. Eco (H), 2010; 2 marks] [Ans.: 26%]
38) Following is the distribution of marks obtained by 100
students appearing for an admission test:
Marks more than: 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
No. of students: 100 92 77 57 40 25 15 5
If 70% of the students passed the test, find the passing marks of the
test. (Hint: find the 30th percentile.)

[Ans.: 23.5]Mode
Case-I: Maximum frequency is the modal frequency.

Case-II: Maximum frequency is not the modal frequency.

Case-I: Maximum frequency is the modal frequency.

39) Calculate mode for the following distribution:
Production per day
(in tones) 21-22 23-24 25-26 27-28 29-30
No. of days 7 13 22 10 8
[Ans.: 25.36 tones]
Case-I: Maximum frequency is not the modal frequency.

SIG CLASSES

40) Calculate mode for the following distribution:

Variable (X) 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
Frequency (f) 4 6 20 32 33 17 6 2
[Ans.: 16]
41) Calculate mode for the following frequency distribution:
Marks 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70 70-80
Frequency (f) 4 6 20 32 33 17 6 2
[Ans.: 40.9]
42) Find the mode from the following table:
Class: 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70
Frequency: 8 14 25 18 25 10 5
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[Ans.: 35]
Multi-Modal Distribution
43) Calculate mode for the following frequency distribution:
Marks 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70 70-80
Frequency (f) 4 6 20 32 33 17 8 2
[Ans.: 40.04]
Unequal Class Intervals
44) Calculate mode for the following frequency distribution:
Marks 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 50-60 60-80
Frequency (f) 4 6 20 32 33 17
[Ans.: 49.5]
HISTOGRAM
45) Construct a histogram from the following data and out
the mode:
Marks: 0-5 5- 10- 15- 20- 25- 30- 35-
10 15 20 25 30 35 40
Frequency: 328 350 720 664 598 524 378 244

46) Prepare a histogram from the following data and find

out the mode:
Marks: 0-10 10-20 20-40 40-60 60-70 70- 100- 120-
100 120 130
No. of 4 6 14 16 14 8 16 5
Student
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47) The following data shows the distribution of marks of 50
students:
Marks No. of students
0<2 6
2<4 10
4<8 12
8 < 12 14
12 < 14 6

14 < 16 2

(i) Construct a histogram.

(ii) Is the histogram symmetrical?

(iii) What proportion of students get less than 12 marks?

TRIMMED MEAN

48) Find the trimmed 20% mean for the following test
scores: 60, 81, 83, 91, 99
[Ans. 85]

49) Find the 10% trimmed mean for the following data
6.5 ,12 ,14.9, 10.0, 10.7 ,7.9 ,21.9 ,12.5 , 14.5 ,9.2
[Ans 11.46]
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MISSLENOUS QUESTION

50) The following data consists of information on number of

trees in ten different rows of a reserved forest:

{68, 16, 35, 42, 6, 105, 44, 54, 33, 80}

(i) Find the arithmetic mean and median of the number of trees in a
row.
(ii) If the 6th observation was 95 instead of 105, how would
themean and median change?
(iii) Calculate a 15% trimmed mean.

[Ans.(i) 48.3 (ii) mean 47.3 and median is same (iii)

Trimmed mean 46.25]

51) The cropping intensity on 70 farms in Haryana was found

to be as follows –
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Cropping intensity (%) Number of farms
70 - < 100 5

100 - < 120 8

120 - < 140 24

140 - < 150 13

150 - < 170 15

170 - < 200 5

(i) Draw a histogram. Is it bimodal?

(ii) Comment on its shape, (Ans; close to symmetrical)

(iii) What % of farms have a cropping intensity of less than

120%?(Ans;18.57%)

(iv) What proportion of farms have a cropping intensity of

100% or more but less than 170% . (Ans; 85.71%)
52) Consider the following sample:

27, 6, 24, 30, 50, 2, 150, 44, 80, 36

Find the arithmetic mean and median( Ans; 44.9, 33)

(i) Find the 15% trimmed mean( Ans; 35.14)
SIG CLASSES
(ii) Which of these three measures best summarizes these
data? (Ans: MEAN MED MODE)
(iii) By how much can the smallest sample observation be
increased so that the sample median remains the same?
(Ans: By 28)
(iv) By how much can the largest sample observation be
decrease so that the sample median remains the same?
(Ans; By 114)
53) Show that the weighted A.M of first n natural numbers
whose weight are equal to corresponding number is equal to
2n+1/3

54) The marks of 20 students in a 50 marks mathematics test

are given below:
18 20 25 28 30 35 36 38 39 40 41 41 42 42
43 44 45 45 47 50
Calculate a 10% trimmed mean for the data above. Also
calculate the median. It was later discovered that the
student whose marks were recorded as 35, actually had 45
marks. How will this affect the median value?
[ Ans : 38.375 ,40.5, New median=41]
55) Descriptive Statistics of a data set are given as follows:
Mean=535, Median=500, mode=500,SD=96,minimum=22,
maximum=925, 5th percentile=400, 10th percentile=430, 90th
percentile=640, 95th percentile =640, 95thpercentile =720.
SIG CLASSES
What can you conclude about the skewness of the
histogram?

56) Difference between descriptive and inferential statistics.

Identify which of the following statement is inferential in
nature.
(A) In a random sample of 300 people in Delhi, 240 read
atleast on newspaper daily
(a) 80% of people sampled read at least one newspaper
daily.
(b) 80% of all the people in Delhi read at least one
newspaper in daily

(B) In a random sample of 100 students in DU are from

outside Delhi.
(a) 60% of students in DU are from outside Delhi
(b) 60% of sampled students of DU were from outside Delhi.

57) The salary of 10 employees in a company are given

below.

590, 815, 575, 608, 350, 1285, 408, 540, 555, 679

a) Calculate the sample mean and median.

[Ans 640.5, 582.5]
b) Suppose the 6th observation had been 985 rather than
1285. How would the mean and median change?
 [Ans mean is 610.5, median will be same]
SIG CLASSES
c) Calculate a 20% trimmed mean by first trimming the two
smallest and two largest observations. [Ans 591.17]
d) Calculate 15% trimmed mean. [Ans 593.705]

58) Calculate the trimmed mean for the below data by

deleting the smallest and largest observation. What is
corresponding trimmed percentage? 6, 5, 11, 33, 4, 5, 80,
18, 35, 17, 23
[Ans 17, 9.09%]

59) Blood pressure values are often reported to the nearest

5 mmhg (100, 105, 110 etc). Suppose the actual blood
pressure values for nine randomly selected individual are

118.6, 127.4, 138.4, 130, 113.7, 122, 108.3, 131.5, 133.2

a.) What is the median of reported blood pressure values.

[Ans 125]

b) Suppose the blood pressure of second individual is 127.6

rather than 127.4. How does this affect the median value.
[Ans: median value is 130.that mean median is highly
sensitive to small change]

60) If the mean of a set of observations 𝑥1, 𝑥2, … , 𝑥2𝑖𝑠𝑋̅,

then the mean of the observation 𝑥𝑖+ 2𝑖; 𝑖 = 1, 2, … , 𝑛 is

[Ans :𝑿̅ + (𝒏 +𝟏)]

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61) The weighted means of 1st n natural numbers whose
weights are equal to the squares of corresponding numbers
is
[Ans : 3n(n+1) / 2(2n+1)]