Technology for Teaching and Learning 1

Module 7- Social, Ethical and Legal Responsibilities in the Use of Technology Tools and Resources

OBJECTIVES
1. Describe the community of learners as citizens who share and utilize digital materials
2. Practice standard netiquette in sharing and utilizing shared materials among learning communities
3. Identify examples of Intellectual Property Rights in educational setting
4. Discuss the difference between copyright infringement and plagiarism

LEARNING CONTENTS

A. Digital Citizenship vs Global Citizenship

B. Netizenship and Netiquette for Online Communities
C. Intellectual Property Rights on the Development and Use of Digital Materials

A. Digital Citizenship vs Global Citizenship

Technology has become an integral part of our lives. It has created a great impact that whether we like it or not, we have become
prone to safety issues. Our privacy can be intruded; our social relationships can be affected. But it is not just enough that we keep
ourselves safe, we should also possess the skills on how we can act responsibly so as not to pose harm to others.

Since we are considered citizens of community we live in, then as users of the internet we can also call ourselves as citizens of
digital world where we live, learn, and work in an interconnected manner. Digital citizenship is an idea that all persons using the
internet have civic rights and responsibilities. It centers around safe, savvy and ethical use of technology.
The table below shows the hallmarks of a good citizen – from being respectful and responsible to doing what’s rights which are also
the key elements of digital citizenship. The students must learn how to apply these tried and true qualities to the realities of the
digital age.

Citizenship in the Digital Age

A Good Citizen A Good Digital Citizen
1. Advocates for human rights for all 1. Advocates for equal digital rights and access for all.
2. Treats others courteously and 2. Treats others with respect in online space and never bullies.
never bullies.
3. Does not steal or damage others’ 3. Does not steal or damage others’ digital work, identity or property.
property or persons.
4. Communicates clearly, respectfully 4. Makes appropriate decisions when communicating through a variety of
and with empathy. digital channels.
5. Actively pursues an education and 5. Uses digital tools to advocate their learning and keeps up with
develops habits for lifelong changing technologies.
learning.
6. Spends and manages money 6. Makes responsible online purchasing decisions and protects their
responsibly. payment information.
7. Upholds basic human rights of 7. Upholds basic human rights in all digital forums.
privacy, freedom of speech, etc.
8. Protects self and others from harm. 8.
Protects personal information from outside forces that might cause
harm.
9. Proactively promotes their own 9. Proactively limits health risks of technology, from physical to
physical and mental health. psychological.
Source: https://www.createwebquest.com/digital-citizenship-vs-global-citizenship

A global citizen sees the world as a community in which all people live and prosper together. He/she understands that his/her actions
contribute to the values of the entire planet and he/she is concerned on how he/she participates in and contributes to the entire
world. A digital citizen, on the other hand, adheres to guidelines that govern the ethical and responsible use of technology and acts
responsibly in all relationships and interactions in the digital world.

When we mix these two together, it’s perfect recipe for the Global Digital Citizen. A global digital citizen is a responsible, ethical
citizen leveraging technology to foster community on a global scale through connection and compassion. The Global Digital Citizen
understands that we can govern technology for the benefit of both ourselves and others. It is a citizen that views the world as an
interconnected community.. Additionally, the digital citizen realizes that we simultaneously share technological and human
experiences regardless of culture, status, or political/religious beliefs (Watanabe-Crockett, 2017).

Compiled by AUDREY B. SIMON, College of Education, ISU Cabagan, Isabela, 2nd semester, 2020-2021
 Five Tenets of Global Digital Citizenship

We define the best assets of the Global Digital Citizenship using 5 tenets: Personal Responsibility, Global Citizenship, Altruistic
Service, Environmental Stewardship, and Digital Citizenship (Ribble, 2017). These five tenets are the essence of what it means to
be a great Global Digital Citizen.

Personal Responsibility This is about the responsibility for learning to the student, and developing a sense of
accountability for lifelong learning. It includes demonstrating how one governs oneself in matters
of finance, ethical and moral boundaries, personal health and fitness, and all relationships.

Global citizenship We are all global citizens. Global citizenship includes recognizing and respecting how 21st-century
technology and digital media have eliminated boundaries between citizens of the world by
enabling communication, collaboration, dialogue and debate across all levels of society.

Digital Citizenship This means engaging in appropriate and exemplary behavior in an online environment. The
essence of Digital Citizenship is about a shifting of accountability for appropriate behavior to our
students, which fosters independence and personal responsibility.
Altruistic Service This aspect focuses on a healthy concern for the well-being of the people with whom we share
our world. It includes embracing the opportunity to exercise charity and goodwill for the benefit
of others. This creates relevance and meaningful connections to the reel world for our students.
Environmental Stewardship This is a demonstration of common-sense values, and an application for the beauty and majesty
that surrounds us every day. It encourages us to explore how to make use of Earth resources –
taking responsibility and action on personal, local, regional, national and international levels.
For additional information read this article (written in 2017) on What is a Global Digital Citizen and Why Does the World Need
Them? | by Lee Watanabe-Crockett | Future-Focused Learning | Medium

Nine Elements of Digital Citizenship

Digital citizenship is now a component of digital citizenship, and is in fact one of the facets of Global Digital Citizenship. Under digital
citizenship, there are nine elements: digital access, digital commerce, digital communication, digital literacy, digital etiquette, digital
law, digital rights and responsibilities, digital health and wellness, and digital securities.

Digital Wellness Physical and psychological well-being in a digital world

Digital Security Electronic precautions to guarantee safety.
Digital Rights and Responsibilities Those freedoms extended to everyone in a digital world.
Digital Literacy Teaching and learning about technology and its use.
Digital Law Electronic responsibility for actions and deeds.
Digital Access Full electronic participation in society.
Digital commerce Electronic buying and selling.
Digital communication Electronic exchange of information.
Digital etiquette Electronic standards of conduct and procedure.
Source: https://www.createwebquest.com/digital-citizenship-vs-global-citizenship

Enrich your understanding by watching this video on the Elements of Digital Citizenship

https://www.createwebquest.com/digital-citizenship-vs-global-citizenship

Compiled by AUDREY B. SIMON, College of Education, ISU Cabagan, Isabela, 2nd semester, 2020-2021
 B. Netizenship and Netiquette for Online Communities
Digital Citizenship and Netiquette | Maryville Online

What Is Netiquette?
According to Encyclopedia Britannica, netiquette is a set of “guidelines for courteous communication in the online environment.”
Netiquette guidelines include rules for both social interaction and technical activities on the internet.

The term Netiquette is and abbreviation of Internet etiquette or network etiquette serves as guidelines for courteous
communication in the online environment. It includes proper manners for sending e-mail, conversing online, and so on. The
purpose of netiquette is to help construct and maintain a pleasant, comfortable, and efficient environment for online
communication, as well as to avoid placing strain on the system and generating conflict among users.
Albion, the longest-running commercial site on the web, includes a resource on the core rules of netiquette, from Virginia Shea’s
book, Netiquette. The core netiquette rules are:

1. Remember there’s a human on the other side of your digital interaction, whether that interaction takes place on social
media, email, or forum.
2. Apply your normal standards of behavior to your behavior online.
3. Be aware of context, and tailor your communications accordingly. Different forums, websites, blogs, and social media
platforms have varying community standards, which are often stated onsite.
4. Shea says to “respect other people’s time and bandwidth.” This means users shouldn’t post content that doesn’t belong
on a particular website or forum, nor should they post spam or needlessly long content.
5. Don’t post something that will embarrass you and make you look bad. Posting tone-deaf, inappropriate, profane, or
unlawful content is one of the major social media mishaps you should avoid.
6. Prioritize and share content from verifiable, expert sources. Avoid sharing content that is questionable in its veracity (fake
news).
7. Avoid excessive trolling and “flaming” — flaming is intense, heated, and argumentative discussion, while trolling is
abusive and subversive comments.
8. Respect human privacy; don’t use digital technology to spy on other people.
9. If you’re in a position of power, don’t abuse it. Moderators and administrators must not shut down certain users
arbitrarily.
10. Be graceful and forgive people their mistakes.

Understanding Digital Footprints

To begin, students should be aware of their digital footprint and its implications. A digital footprint is the unseen record of a
user’s activities online, including the websites they visit and the files and apps they download. The footprint exists in passive form,
as when a website records a user’s IP address as a “hit” — which includes information about how long they spent on the site and
the pages they visited — or in active form, as when a user logs in to a site and makes changes to their profile and/or the content
they post.

The implications of a student’s digital footprint are as follows:

 If your student posts inappropriate pictures or comments on social media or elsewhere, the content will remain online
indefinitely unless removed.
 Predators and hackers can access location data through social media pictures and — via the dark web — can purchase
data on browsing history and other sensitive data in an effort to target users.
 Colleges and potential employers can look at a student’s digital footprint — including their social media footprint — to
determine whether they want to admit or hire the student.

Social media is just one place where people can examine a student’s digital footprint. A simple search on Google and any other
search engine can reveal information a student doesn’t know is still there, such as profiles they created on old sites.
To schools, teachers, and future employers, the records of a student’s online activities — especially their social media posts —
provide a picture of the student’s digital citizenship, which reflects on their ethics and everyday interactions.

Visit this link and watch the video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gYe11RNGtZU

Compiled by AUDREY B. SIMON, College of Education, ISU Cabagan, Isabela, 2nd semester, 2020-2021
 C. Copyright and Digital Property
Digital Property
Digital property is any data someone can access digitally, including any kind of file, website and social media accounts, images,
intellectual property (such as articles and blog posts), software, and contracts. Unless data is marked as fair use and available to
the commons, it is someone’s property and is subject to digital copyright law.

Copyright Law and Digital Property

Copyright law applies to any digital work that is fixed in a tangible medium (i.e. on a hard drive, in the cloud, on a USB drive),
original, and creative. The law specifies that creativity can be very minimal and elementary (e.g. a stick-figure cartoon or game).
For your work to qualify for copyright, it must be entirely your own. If you plagiarize a blog post and post it on your own site, you
are responsible for copyright violation. The second you create an original work under your name, whether online or off, it’s subject
to copyright law, meaning other people can’t use it without your permission.
For students, the common issues are plagiarism and illegal downloads. There’s also the issue of making hard copies and sharing
documents that do not have a Creative Commons license, or using copyrighted works under the auspices of fair use.

What Is Plagiarism?
Plagiarism isn’t just the act of using another person’s words and claiming they’re your own — it’s the act of appropriating
another person’s ideas or thoughts as well. In short, plagiarism is the act of stealing someone’s work and passing it off as your
own.
This applies to images, blog posts, songs — any sort of data that qualifies as the creator’s original work. Even if a creation is
licensed under the most lenient Creative Commons stipulation (CC BY), and the student can “distribute, remix, tweak, and build
upon” the creation, a student must attribute the source of the creation.

What Is Fair Use?

U.S. copyright law permits the “unlicensed use of copyright-protected works in certain circumstances.” In layman’s terms,
students and educators can most likely use a copyrighted work if:
 It’s for educational purposes
 It’s a factual or biographical work rather than an artistic, creative one
 It’s a small portion of the work that doesn’t capture the “heart” of it, or the way in which the student uses the entire
work is such that it creates a brand new, original thing (collage or parody)
 It doesn’t affect the work’s current or future market value

Courts determine whether the use is fair on a case-by-case basis.

Fair Use Resources:
Creative Commons: Search portal for all content with a Creative Commons license
Canva: Free online tool that enables photo editing and graph creation, and houses a wide variety of document templates
Clipchamp: Free online tool that enables video editing

Illegal Downloads
Students may be tempted to illegally download the type of digital property most stringently protected by copyright law: songs,
movies, and other creative, original work. They should be reminded of their digital footprint and the penalties they could face for
downloading.

Compiled by AUDREY B. SIMON, College of Education, ISU Cabagan, Isabela, 2nd semester, 2020-2021
 Intellectual property (IP) covers any original ideas, designs, discoveries, inventions and creative work produced by an
individual or group. It wasn't a big deal to protect IP in the past. However, with information more accessible and easier to
distribute today due to technology, safeguarding your creations and works from infringers, copycats, and thieves has become vital
to any business.

IP protection is not just necessary to ensure that your innovations won't be copied or stolen. It establishes an incentive so
whatever you create can proliferate and benefit more people without violating your rights.

Register copyrights, trademarks, and patents

Copyright, trademark, and patent are three of the most common types of IP protection. These grant you the exclusive rights to
your creations, especially when it comes to the commercial gains of its use.

a. Copyright ©
Copyright applies to the protection of tangible and intangible creative works. You own the copyright the moment you create
something if you did not register it. However, it will be easier to validate your ownership, especially in a legal dispute, if you take
your time to register your work.

b. Trademark ™
Businesses use symbols, designs, logos, and catchphrases as part of their marketing strategy and identity. It's these images and
words that help a company connect to its customers; thus, these need to be protected from possible commercial saboteurs who
might use or copy the designs for their own economic gain.

c. Patent ®
If you've invented a unique product, the machine or equipment, or chemical composition, you can also protect this IP by filing for
a patent. Patents carry legal protection that excludes others from making and distributing your invention unless you have given
them the license. There are different types of the patent process, and the conditions or requirements depend on the product or
invention so you'll need to carefully identify which category the IP fits best.

For more information visit this link: IPOPHL | Towards a Creative and Innovative Philippines (ipophil.gov.ph)

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ACTIVITIES

This will be provided to you in a separate sheet by your teacher.

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SELF-ASSESSMENT

This will be administered to you through google forms.

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ANSWER KEY

The answers to the self-assessment will be provided immediately after taking the quiz/activity in google form or after the teacher is
done manual checking of the assessment.

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REFERENCES/Sources:

Bilbao, Purita et al (2019). Technology for Teaching and Learning 1. Lorimar Publishing, Inc.

https://www.pmfias.com/ipr-intellectual-property-rights/
https://www.ipophil.gov.ph/
https://online.maryville.edu/online-bachelors-degrees/liberal-studies/digital-citizenship-and-netiquette-a-teachers-guide/
https://medium.com/future-focused-learning/what-is-a-global-digital-citizen-and-why-does-the-world-need-them-8b94ace7803
https://www.createwebquest.com/digital-citizenship-vs-global-citizenship
https://www.copyrighted.com/blog/protect-intellectual-property

Compiled by AUDREY B. SIMON, College of Education, ISU Cabagan, Isabela, 2nd semester, 2020-2021
Compiled by AUDREY B. SIMON, College of Education, ISU Cabagan, Isabela, 2nd semester, 2020-2021