NAME — PAWAN NAITHANT
ROLL NO, — 680970104006
\ Ans
hene ane thee aesichances aching on a vehfcle in molyon,
\ Rolling aeststance Ra
2 firs neststance Ra
B taaade neststance Ro
A vehicle moving on plane aoad expeayences only ata aesistance and
aalling aesistance oheneas the one Moving on a slope om gnadient
expenrences all the thaee nestshances.
Rolleng neststance: The neststance provided by the aoad to the
Fines ane the dinection of t#s motion due ta fatetion,
Aix nestshance: The aeststance developed due to the ata flow on drag
foace in the dénection obpostte to motion,\ Baste openational cycle petrol engines, alco known as spank
tgnition SI engines, works on the basts of Otto cycle a constant
volume heat addetion cycle, in $.1 engines, ¢gnétion process fs
caanied out with the help of a spank plug which gnites a mixtune of
ata and fuel that ¢s compaessed in the combustion chamber,
Whexeas, a dfesel engine also known as Compaecsfon Ignition C1
engine works on the basts of Diese! cycle om Constant pressure heat
addition cycle, Th CI engines, self-rgnition occas due to he gh
temperature of highly compaessed ata, Hence, shank plugs ane not
aequtsed,
2.Tybe of Fuel: 5.1 engenes uses petaol as theta working fuel, petaol
fsa highly volatile fuel and has a high sedf-fgnition tempenatune
oheseas, C1 engine uses diesel as the working fued, Diesel ¢ a non-
volatile fuel oith a dow self-tonition tempenatune,
3, Method of duel inzection
‘Scanned with CamSeannerTh ST engines, a mtetune of atx and fuel ts intnoduced in the
suction stoke, this, t+ conststs of a canbuneton fon mixing the aia
and fuel, ohtle in a CT engene, uel in ingected dinechly into the
combustion chamber at high pressune, This, iF consists of a fuel
pump and a fuel tazecton
4 Compaession Ratto: fn S.1 engines, compression xatio vaates fom
6 to |0, Hee, uppea dimet of the compaession natfo ts determined by
antiknock quality of the fuct,
ohile ¢n C1 engines, compression aatio vanies fon Ig to 20, Hexe,
upper limtt of the combaesston matio ts deteamined by wef ght
inenease of the engine,
5, Speed $1 engines ane high speed engines, due to thein le ght wer ght
and hamogeneaus combustion
vheneds, Gl engines ane tou speed engines due to theta heavy ver ght
and hetexogencous combustion
‘Scanned with CamSeanner6,Thenmal effictency: Due to Joven compresston aatio, Haximum value
of theamal effetency ¢< lovex én an S.1 engine compared #0 that of
cy
7Wet ght: ST engines ane generally lighter in vet ght due to theta
lowes peak pressures as compare to C1 engines that ane genenally
heavien, die to hi ghex peak pressuxe,
3 fins
\, Reduced dafetton
Lubsicant foams an ord Arla on the sunface of metals, converting
solid fatction into liquid fatchion to aeduce fafction, ohtch ts the
most common and essential function of lubafcants, Reduced faretion
paevents heating and abrasion on the fniction suaface,
2, Cooling Farction centaindy causes heating on the anea and Hore
heat is produced 74 metals sub against each othen, Therefore, theheat needs to be absonbed on aeleaced: otheavise the system is
dectaoyed oa deformed, To paevent it, lubazcants axe applied,
Especrally cooling ¢« cattical ta aolliing ofls, cubhing ots, and
lubsrcating ots used fn an internal combustion engine,
3, Load balancing
Components like gean on beaning ane dimstedly contacted on a
ceatain dine on suaface, so load can be incneased in a moment,
making systems ab aisk fox being destaoyed and attached #0 each
athen, Thenefone, the application of lubsrcant protects systems
against inencased load by forming an orl film #0 dzspease load em
the file,
4, Cleantng- Long team use of