Research & Reviews: A Journal of Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy

ISSN: 2394-1960 (Online)

Volume 6, Issue 2
www.stmjournals.com

A Review Article of Murawwaquain (Cichorium intybus

and Solanum nigrum) its Traditional Uses and
Pharmacological Actions
Farooqui Shazia Parveen1,*, MA Siddiqui1, Khaleel Ahmed2,
MA Quamri2, Talet Nayak2, Mohd Shahid2
1
Department of Moalejat (Medicine), National Institutes of unani medicine,Kottigepalya, Bangalore, India
2
Department of Amraz e Niswan wa qabalat, Luqman Unani medical college and hospital and
Research centre, Bijapur, India

Abstract
Murawwaquain is a herbal Unani compound preparation consists of Aab-e-
KasniSabzMurawwaq (Cichorium intybus), Aab-e-Makoo Sabz Murawwaq (Solanum
nigrum) in the form of tarviq-e-Adviyah. Its name is due to its form of tarviq-e-Adviya
(Murawwaq). Chicory is recommended in the treatment of jaundice, spleen problems,
gastrointestinal problems such as digestive difficulties, gastritis and lack of appetite, sinus
problems, cuts and bruises. In Unani system of Medicine, Kasni (Chicory) is used as a
hepatoprotective and nephroprotective agent. Leaves juice and tea are used as lithotriptic,
elimination of internal mucus and production of bile. Solanum nigrum is an important plant in
traditional medicines belongs to the family Solanaceae. It is used in hepatitis, fever, dysentery,
and stomach complaint. The boiled extracts of leaves and berries are used to alleviate liver-
related ailments, including jaundice. The juice from its roots is used against asthma and
whooping cough. S. nigrum is a widely used plant in oriental medicine where it is considered
to be antitumorigenic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, diuretic, and
antipyretic activity. This paper gives an overview of traditional uses and pharmacological
properties.

Keywords: Kasni, Maku, Chicory, Solanum nigrum, Unani

*Author for Correspondence E-mail: shaziafarooquinium@gmail.com

INTRODUCTION Linn. was collected and cleaned with dry

Murawwaquain is an herbal Unani compound cloth.
preparation consists of Aab-e- Table 1: Ingredients.
KasniSabzMurawwaq (Cichorium intybus), S.No. Unani name Scientific name Weight
1 Aab-e- (Cichorium 50 ml
Aab-e-MakooSabzMurawwaq (Solanum KasnisabzMurawwaq Intybus Linn.)
nigrum) in the form of tarviq-e-Adviyah. Its 2 Aab-e- Mako (Solanum nigrum 50 ml
name is due to its form of tarviq-e-adviya sabzMurawwaq Linn.)
(Murawwaq) and usually for oral use in the
management of patients of hepatobiliary Aab-e-KasniMurawwaq [1, 2]
disorders (Table 1). It is prepared by crushing fresh leaves of
C.intybus. The juice of fresh herb is poured in
tin-coated vessels over low flame till a green
PREPARATION ON froth appears on the surface. The juice is then
MURAWWAQUAIN slowly sieved through a piece of fine cloth
Murawwaq was prepared as per the method of leaving behind the froth on the surface of
preparation in the texts by following GMP. cloth. The watery juice thus obtained is called
The leaves of C. intybus Linn. and S. nigrum Aab-e-KasniMurrawaq.

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Murawwaquain with its uses
Aab-e-MakuMurawwaq [1, 2]
It is prepared by crushing fresh leaves of
S.nigrum. The juice of fresh herb is poured in
tin-coated vessels over low flame till a green
froth appears on the surface. The juice is then
slowly sieved through a piece of fine cloth
leaving behind the froth on the surface of
cloth. The watery juice thus obtained is called
Aab-e-MakuMurrawaq.
DOSE [3]
Aab-e-Murawwaq: 50 ml each given orally
twice a day for three weeks.
ACTION [3, 4]
Muhalliliwaram, Muqawwikabid,
Mufattahesudad, Dafia’ihumma, MuqawwiMeda,
ZoafeKabid, Dafia’iAfoonat-e-ratubat,
Dafia’Atish, Musakhin.
INDICATION
• It is effective in hummiyat and act as tonic
for liver and stomach and effective in
sudda-e-Jigar [3–5].
• It is beneficial for Istisqa, Yarqan [4].
• It is beneficial in hepatomegaly [3, 4].
• It is useful in excretion of morbid matters
through kidney [4].
• It is also useful in safrawi tap (fever) [4].
USES ACCORDING TO UNANI
SYSTEM OF MEDICINE
It removes the visceral, hepatic and vascular
obstruction. It is a good but not very strong
astringent. Application of a paint prepared
from its juice with white lead and vinegar
elicits a remarkable cooling effect on the
organs. It is used as plaster in case of gout. It
is useful in chronic conjunctivitis. The latex of
wild variety removes opacity of the cornea. It
is plastered on the chest with barley flour in
cases of palpitation. It strengthens the heart;
Purging cassia is dissolved in its juice and
used as gargle in pharyngitis. It relieves nausea
and counteracts the ill effects of excessive
yellow bile. It strengthens the heart, and it is
one of the best drugs for stomach having a hot
temperament. The wild endive is better than
RRJoUSH (2019) 15-17 © STM Journals 2019. All Rights Reserved
Farooqui SP
the cultivated variety for stomach diseases,
endive is said to be suitable for all kinds of
temperaments of the liver, the drug is
particularly suitable for hot tempered livers,
and however it is not harmful to cold tempered
organs unlike some cold vegetables. Oral
intake of endive especially of its wild variety
along with vinegar causes constipation. Endive
is useful in quarton fevers and also in fevers
attributed to cold exposure. A plaster of the
roots of endive as well as its roasted flour is
beneficial against the bites of scorpion, insects,
wasps, snakes etc [6].
SCIENTIFIC REPORT
A scientific report on Murawwaquain was done
in 2011. A clinical study of Ab-e-
Murawwaquain comprising of S. nigrum and C.
intybus in the management of viral hepatitis was
done on 30 patients and found that there was
significant reduction in hepatic enzymes [7].
CONCLUSION
Murawwaquain (C.intybus and S.nigrum) is a
medicinal and culinary herb which is used in
traditional system of medicine since many
years, even though it has many medicinal uses
but still it is necessary to scientifically validate
with experimental and clinical study.
REFERENCES
1. Anonymous. The Unani Pharmacopoeia
of India, Vol- III. New Delhi: Government
of India, Ministry of Health and Family
Welfare; 2007. 237p.
2. Anonymous. National Formulary of Unani
Medicine, Part-VI. New Delhi:
Government of India, Ministry of Health
and Family Welfare; 2007. 185p.
3. Kabiruddin HM. Bayaz-e-Kabir, 11th Edn,
Vol. II. Hyderabad: Deccan; 1946. 111p,
131p.
4. KhazainulAdvia GN. New Delhi:
IdaraeKitabusShifa; 2010. 55p, 108p,
137p, 149p, 190p, 240–43p, 401–03p,
458–9p, 478p, 525p, 674–5p, 704-p, 868–
70p, 997–98p, 1254–5p, 1357p.
5. Arzani MA. QarabadeeneQadri. New
Delhi: Aejaz Publishing House; 1998. 223p.
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Research & Reviews: A Journal of Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy
Volume 6, Issue 2
ISSN: 2394-1960 (Online)

6. Azmi WA. KuliyatAdvia. New Delhi: Ajaz

Publishing House; 1997. 138p.
7. Akhtar J. A Clinical Study of Ab-e-
Murawwaquain Comprising Solanum
nigrum and Cichorium intybus in the
Management of Viral Hepatitis. Hamdard
Medicus. 2011; 54(3): 1p.
Cite this Article
Farooqui SP. A Review Article of
Murawwaquain (Cichorium intybus and
Solanum nigrum) its Traditional Uses and
Pharmacological Actions. Research &
Reviews: A Journal of Unani, Siddha and
Homeopathy. 2019; 6(2): 15–17p.

RRJoUSH (2019) 15-17 © STM Journals 2019. All Rights Reserved Page 17