Biomentors Classes Online, Mumbai

Day -5: Chemistry Class Notes

Calculate of the Molality of 𝟏 Molar 𝑵𝒂𝑵𝑶𝟑 solution where its density is 𝟏. 𝟐𝟓 𝒈𝒎⁄𝒎𝒍
1000 × 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑦

om
𝑚=
(1000 × 𝑑) − 𝐺. 𝑀. 𝑊 × 𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑦
𝑁𝑎𝑁𝑂3 = 23 + 14 + 48

l.c
= 85
1000 × 1
=

ai
(1000 × 1.25) − 85 × 1
1000
gm
=
1250 − 85
1000
= = 0.85
1165
7@

𝒈𝒎
The density of 3 Molar Solution of 𝑵𝒂𝑪𝒍 is 𝟏. 𝟐𝟓 𝒎𝒍 . Find the Molality of the Solution

𝑁𝑎𝐶𝑙 = 58.5
1

1000 × 3
40

𝑚=
(1000 × 1.25) − (58.5 × 3)
3000
=
it

1250 − 175.5
m

3000
𝑚=
1074.5
ps

= 2.71
Formality:
𝑁𝑎𝐶𝑙, 𝐾𝐶𝑙, 𝑁𝑎𝑁𝑂3 , 𝐾𝑁𝑂3 , 𝐶𝑢𝑆𝑂4 etc.
The ionic substances and dissociated in Solvent

𝑁𝑎𝐶𝑙 → 𝑁𝑎+ + 𝐶𝑙 −
Mass of their Components are known as Formula Mass. It is not expressed in terms of moles
wB (wt of ionic solute ) 1
𝐹= ×
Fb (Formula wt of ionic sub) 𝑉

1
1
 𝑤𝐵 1000
𝑓= × (𝑉 = 𝑚𝑙)
𝑓𝑏 𝑉
Mass Percentage:
𝑤𝐵
% w mass percentage = × 100
𝑤𝐴 + 𝑤𝐵
wB = mass of solute
wA = Mass of solvent
Volume percentage:

om
𝑉𝐵
%𝑉 = × 100
𝑉𝐴 + 𝑉𝐵

l.c
VB = Volume of solute
VA = Volume of solvent

ai
18 gm Sugar present in 40 gm of solution. Find its mass percentage
8
gm
Mass percentage = 40 × 100 = 20%

Calculate the mass percentage for 𝑪𝟔 𝑯𝟔 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝑪𝑪𝒍𝟒 if 22 gm of benzene dissolve in 122 gm
𝑪𝑪𝒍𝟒
7@

22
Mass percentage = 122+22

22
1

𝐶6 𝐻6 = × 100
144
40

= 15.27
22
𝐶𝐶𝑙4 = × 100
it

122 + 22
122
m

= × 100
144
ps

= 84.73
20 ml 𝑪𝟐 𝑯𝟓 𝑶𝑯 is mixed with 30 ml of 𝑯𝟐 𝑶. Calculate Percentage by volume
20
Volume Percentage = 30+20 × 100

20
= × 100
50
= 40%
wt of component
PPM = × 106
wt of solution

2
 wt of component
𝑃𝑃𝑏 = × 109
wt of solution
1000 gm of aquas solution of 𝑪𝒂𝑪𝑶𝟑 Containing 10gm of 𝑪𝒂𝑪𝑶𝟑 . Express the
concentration in 𝒑𝒑𝒎
10
𝑝𝑝𝑚 = × 106 × 10−3
1000 (103 )
= 10 × 103
= 10,000 𝑃𝑃𝑀

om
𝟓 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟑 𝒈𝒎 oxygen present per kg of sea water Express the conc in ppm

5 × 10−3
𝑃𝑃𝑀 = × 106 × 10−3
1000 (103 )

l.c
= 5 𝑝𝑝𝑚

ai
In 500 gm Sample of a tooth paste the concentration of fluoride is 𝟎. 𝟐 𝒈𝒎 what is the
concentration in ppm
gm
2 × 10−1
𝑃𝑃𝑀 = × 106 × 10−2
5 × 102
2
7@

× 103 = 0.4 × 103

5
= 400 𝑝𝑝𝑚
1

Mole fraction:
40

Mole fraction For Solute (𝑋𝐵 ) = It is the ratio of no of moles of solute and no of moles of
solution
it

𝑛𝐵
𝑋𝐵 =
𝑛𝐴 + 𝑛𝐵
m

nB = no of moles of solute
ps

nA = no of moles of solvent
Mole fraction For Solvent (𝑋𝐴 ) = It is ratio of number of moles of solvent and number of
𝑛𝐴
moles of solution = 𝑋𝐴 = 𝑛 +𝑛
𝐴 𝐵

Mole fraction
𝑛𝐵 𝑛𝐴
𝑋𝐴 + 𝑋𝐵 = +
𝑛𝐴 + 𝑛𝐵 𝑛𝐴 + 𝑛𝐵
𝑋𝐴 + 𝑋𝐵 = 1
𝑋𝐴 = 1 − 𝑋𝐵

3
Calculate the mole fraction for Ethylene glycol its solution containing 𝟐𝟎% of glycol
20
= 62 = 0.32

80
𝐻2 𝑂 = = 4.44
18
0.32
𝑋𝐵 =
4.44 + 0.32
0.32
=
4.76

om
= 0.068
𝐻2 𝑂𝑋𝐴 = 932

l.c
ai
gm
1 7@
40
it
m
ps