Six Major Information systems

Presented by
V.MOHANRAJ,
I Ph.D Agrl. Extension & Communication
TNAU
Six major types:

1. ESS (Executive Support System)

2. MIS (Management Information System)

3. DSS (Decision Support System)

4. KMS (Knowledge Management System)

5. TPS (Transaction Processing System)

6. OAS (Office Automation System)

Executive Support System
 Executive Support System

• ESS– an extension of MIS – is a computer based information

system.

• Helps in decision making at the top-level organization.

• Decisions taken- are non-routine decisions, effect the entire

organization and, thus, require judgement & sight.
• As compared to DSSs, ESSs offer more general computing capabilities,
better telecommunications & efficient display options.
• Used advanced graphics software –display critical information (charts
or graphs) that help senior executives to solve a wide range of
problems.

• Effective decisions -they use summarized internal data from MIS, DSS
as well as data from external sources about events like new tax laws,
new competitors, etc.
• Filter, compress, track data of high imp, make it available to strategic-
level managers.
• Help to monitor performance, track activities of competitors,
identify opportunities, forecast trends.

They also assist senior managers in answering the following

question:

I. What business should we do?

II. How are our competitors doing the business?

III. Which units can be sold and which new units are to be
bought?
Management Information System
(MIS)
 Management Information System (MIS)
• MIS- designed to take relatively raw data available through a TPS
~convert them into summarized, aggregated form for the manager
(report format).

• Reports tending -middle management & operational supervisors.

• Summary report, on-demand report, ad-hoc reports, an exception

report.

• Example: Sales management systems, Human resource

management system.
• MIS developed to support planning, controlling, decision-
making functions of middle managers.

• Format of reports produced by MIS is pre-specified

• Used -produce reports on monthly, quarterly, or yearly basis.

• In addition -provide managers online access to current

performance as well as past records of organization.

• MIS use simple routines (summaries & comparisons)-enable

managers- take decisions, procedure -reaching a solution has
been specified in advance.
Decision Support System (DSS)
 Decision Support System (DSS)
• DSS- interactive info system provides info, models, data
manipulation tools help in making decision (semi-structured &
unstructured situation).

• DSS comprises tools, techniques help in gathering relevant

info & analyze options, alternatives, end user is more involved
in creating DSS than MIS.

• Example: Financial planning systems, Bank loan management

systems.
• DSS -interactive computer-based information system like MIS,
also serves at management level -organization.

• Processes info -support decision making process of managers.

• Provides middle managers with info that enables to make

intelligent decisions.

• Example, Bank -enable a manager to analyze the changing

trends in deposits & loans in order to ascertain the yearly
targets.
• DSS -designed every manager to execute specific managerial
task or problem. (semi-structured decisions) -solution arrived
at logically.
• Sometimes -help taking complex decisions- they use
information generated by OASs & TPSs.
• DSS- more analytical power as compared to other information
systems.
• Employ wide variety of decision models to analyze data or
summarize vast amount of data into a form (usually form of
tables or charts) -easier for managers -interactive
environment.
knowledge management system
 knowledge management system

• KMS -comprises a range of practices used in organization to

identify, create, represent, distribute, enable adoption to
insight, experience.

• Such insights and experience comprise knowledge, either

embodied in individual or embedded in organizational
processes & practices.
Level of Knowledge Management
Transaction Processing System (TPS)
 Transaction Processing System (TPS)
• TPS used primarily for record keeping - required in any
organization to conduct business.
• It processes data resulting from the occurrences of
business transactions
• Obj -to provide transaction in order to update records &
generate reports (store keeping function)
• Transaction -two ways:
I. Batching processing
II. Online transaction processing.
Example:

I. Bill system,

II. payroll system,

III. Stock control system.

TPS is used for periodic report generation in a scheduled

manner. TPS is also used for producing reports on demand as
well as exception reports.
Office Automation Systems
 Office Automation Systems
• OAS -collection of communication technology,
computers, persons to perform official tasks.

• Executes office transactions, supports official

activities at every organizational level. These
activities can be divided into clerical and managerial
activities.
• Clerical activities -preparing written communication,
typesetting, printing, mailing, scheduling meetings, calendar
keeping.etc.

• Under managerial activities -conferencing, creating reports,

messages, and controlling performance of organization.

• Many applications like word processing, electronic filing and

e-mail are integrated in office automation system.