BABCOCK WILCOX BOILER

BIBIN CHIDAMBARANATHAN
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❖ The Babcock and Wilcox Boiler was discovered by

George Herman Babcock and Stephen Wilcox in the

year 1967.

❖ Babcock and Wilcox Boiler is a horizontal type drum

axis, natural circulation, stationary, high pressure,

solid fuel-fired water tube boiler.

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Boiler Shell:
❖ It consists of one or more steel plates bent into a

cylindrical form and riveted or welded together.

❖ The shell and ends are closed with the endplates.

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Uptake Header:
❖ The steam from the water tubes to the drum flow

by means of Uptake Header.

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Down take Header:
❖ The water flows from the drum to the water tubes

by means of down take header.

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Water Tubes:
❖ The angle of inclination of the water tubes to the

horizontal is about 15 degrees.

❖ In this boiler, water will flow from the drum by

means of tubes only.

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Superheater:
❖ It increases the temperature of saturated steam.
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Grate:
❖ It is the platform in the furnace upon which fuel is

burnt.
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Furnace:
❖ It is a chamber formed by the space above the

grate and below the boiler shell in which combustion

takes place.

❖ It is also called a firebox.

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Baffles:
❖ The baffles are provided to deflect the hot flue

gases so that the water tubes experience more

amount of heat.
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Mud Box:
❖ All the impurities which are present in the boiler

are deposited at the om and are stored in the mud box

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Inspection doors:
❖ They are provided for cleaning and inspection of

the boiler.
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Water space:
❖ It is the volume of a shell that is covered by water.
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Steam Space:
❖ The volume of shell except, the volume of water

and tube space is called Steam space.

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Water Level Indicator:

❖ It is the indicator, which shows the level of water in

the shell.
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Pressure Gauge:
❖ It is used to check the pressure of steam within the

boiler drum.
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Safety Valve:
❖ It is a valve which acts when the pressure of steam

within the boiler drum increase above the safety level.

❖ It opens and releases the extra steam in the

environment to maintain the desired pressure within

the boiler.
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Working:
❖ First, the water starts to come in the water tubes
from the drum through down take header.
❖ The water present in the inclined water tubes gets
heated up by the hot flue gases.
❖ The coal-burning on the grate produces hot flue
gases and it is forced to move in a zigzag way with the
help of baffle plates.
❖ As the hot flue gases come in contact with water
tubes, it exchanges the heat with water and converts it
into steam.
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Working:
❖ The steam generated is moved upward and
through uptake header, it gets collected at the upper
side in the boiler drum.
❖ An anti-priming pipe is provided in the drum.
❖ This anti-priming pipe filters the water content
from the steam and allows only dry steam to enter
into the superheater.
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Working:
❖ The superheater receives the water-free steam
from the anti-priming pipe.
❖ It increases the temperature of the steam to the
desired level and transfers it to the steam stop valve.
❖ The superheated steam from the steam stop valve
is either collected in a steam drum or made to strike
on the steam turbine for electricity generation in the
steam power plant.
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Advantages:
❖ Generate Steam at high pressure and rate is high
(140 bar and 40000kg/hr.)
❖ For a given output, it occupies less space.
❖ Parts are accessible for cleaning, inspection, and
repair
❖ Parts can be separated and transported easily.
❖ Due to the heating surface, Fuel is completely
burnt.
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Disadvantages:
❖ Pure feed water required
❖ Cost is high
❖ High maintenance cost.
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Specifications:
❖ The diameter of the drum = 1.22 to 1.83 m
❖ Length = 6.096 to 9.144 m
❖ Size of the Super-heater tubes = 3.84 to 5.71 cm
❖ Steaming Capacity = 40000kg/h (max)
❖ Size of the water tubes are 7.62 to 10.16 cm
❖ Efficiency = 60% to 80%.
❖ Working pressure = 140 bar (max)
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Applications:
❖ In power generation industries, the Babcock and
Wilcox Boiler is used to produce high pressure steam.
❖ The steam generated is used to produce large
amount of electricity.
Thank You