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3
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4
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5
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2. MecKoH M., AJI.h6epr M., XeAoypH <D. OcHoBhi MeHeAJKMeHTa. M., Ae11.o, 1992
3. Aaqyr P.A. MeHeAJKMeHT. CD6, Dnrep, 2001
4. OpraHH3ai.pur ynpaBll.eHHH o6n:t;ecrneHHhiM IIpOH3BOACTBOM. M., H3A-BO MIT,
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yrrpaBAeHHH. M., 3KOHOMHKa, 1965
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TpyAa H yrrpaBAeHHH. M., 3KoHoMHKa, 1965

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tlwfltlWG u~qpmG,gGbfljl tizq.flUlnLtl[! PnLJL mt.f.l::igjlu 1903 p. ral:iJLnpjlu hWfilll:iU Q.WL
wt.f.l:iLil hjltlGwpwfl ql:ii..JnLJgnt.f.' «UflUlW'lflnLpJWfi ~wnwt.f.wpml'i[!»: umJu t.f.l:ipuwq.nnt.l.
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uwL. ,_ ttll:ipunujl «UpmW'lllnll.wi..JwumpJwu mwuul:ip~nt ui..Jqpntuen 11911/, L. Ppl:iu-
lll:iJujl «U(lUlW'l!lnLpJWU Wfl'lJntGwt.f.l:immpJWU Gnp hwjl:igwljWflQ.[!» /1911/, :b. SllLPfll:i-
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25
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34
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35
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36
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q.rul.juuntrasntu
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31. ~WJ ll2l1!4mJp~ (j2w(jwi.J.np qnp6~!(jbp~: tpL.w[j, tpL.w[j~ hwllwtuwpw(j~ hpwUl., 1976
32. Uwpqujw(j U.~. dwllw(jw4w4~g ~WJ b4b'l.bg~(j: tpL.w[j, o..J.w(jbLJ.w(j, 1999
33. qWLUUlJw(j u_q_ UllpwUl UUJwpwUJbUl: tpL.w[j, ~WJUJbU1hpwU1, 1961
34. npnqwjp !11Wnwg: tpuw(j, ~WJWUUlW(j, 2002

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qpuLJuunt-rasnt-'L

1. MecKoH M., AM.6epT M., XeAO)IpH <D. OcHoBhi MeHeAJKMeHTa. M., AeAo, 1992
2. fepqHKOBa 11.H. MeHeAJ{<MeHT. M., EaHKH H 6Hp1KH, 1995
3. TaTapHHOB A.A. YnpasAeHHe KaApaMH B KopnopaQHJIX CiliA. 5InoHHH, repMa-
HHH. MocKsa, 1992
4. MeHeAJKMeHT opraHH3aqHH. M., 11HQ>PA-M., 1995

66
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1. MecKoH M., AAh6epT M., XeAOYPH <I>. OcHOBhi MeHeAJKMeHTa. M., AeAo, 1992
2. fepqHKOBa 11.H. MeHeAJKMeHT. M .. IOHI1H1, 1995
3. Unu.J.wmwfi Sm .• Unutwmwfi U. Qnp6wpwpnLpJwfi 6pwqp~ llzw~llwfi h~llmfi,Efibpo:
«Ut.qnLnfi», tpuwfi, 1996
4. Ep3AAHK Y. MeHEWK.MeHT B opraHH3aJ.1RH. M., 11H<l>PA-M, 1997
5. noKpoBCKHH Al1., <l>HAaHA K. nepecrpoii:Ka ph!HOqHbiX CTpYKTJTP Ha 3anaAe
H Ha BocroKe. M., AyAHT, IOHI1TI1, 1992
6. BHxaHCKHH 0., HaYMOB A MeHEWK.MeHT. M., fAPAA.P.HKA, 1996
7. AbBOB 10. OCHOBbi 3KOHOMHKH H opraHH3aqHH 6H3Heca. cn6., rMn
<l>OPM.HKA, 1992
8. George A. Steiner. Strategic Factors in Business Siencess (New York: Financial
Executives Research Foundations, 1969)

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1. Hay<maJI opraHH3aQH.H TPYAa H ynpaB.I\eHH.H. M., 3KOHOMHKa, 1966
2. OpraHH3aQH.H npoQeccoB ynpaheHH.H. M., 3KOHOMHKa, 1975
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123
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2. MecKoH M., AAhoepT M., XeAOYPM <D. OcHOBbl MeH~eHTa. M., AeAo, 1992
3. BHHoKypoB B.A. OpraHH3al{IDI crpaTernqecKoro ynpaBAeHHH Ha
npeAfipHHTHH. M., AeAo, 1996
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2000
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npaKTMKM ynpaBAeHHH", N3, 2000
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10. MapKoBa B.A-. Ky3Heu;oBa B.A. CTpaTernqecKHH MeHeAJKMeHT. M., I1H<DPA-
M., 1999
11. Ky3Heu;oBa A.A., DoMeCHhiX B.l1., CepoBa !\..C. DpaKTMqecKHE. MeHeA,JKMeHT.
M., I1H<DPA-M., 1999
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3. MecKOH M., A.ll.b6ePT M., XeAoypH <D. OcHoBbi MeHeAJKMeHTa. M., Ae.11.o, 1992
4. MeHeAJI(MeHT. Yqe6HHK AMI BY30B. noA peA- M .M .MaKCHMQOBa, A.B.I1r-
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1. Fayol H. General and Industrial Management. Trans. J. Coubrough (Geneva:

International Management Institute. 1930). p. 17
2. MecKoH M ., AJu,6epT M., XeAOYPM <D. OcHOBhl MeHeAJKMeHTa. M ., AeAo, 1992
3. AaHA.e A. npaKTMKa KOHTpOAAMHra. M ., <l>MHdHChl M CTdTHCTMKa, 2001
4. fep"<IMKOBa H .H. MeHeAJKMeHT. M., IOHI1TI1, 1995
5. Drucker P. Management: Tasks, Responsibilities, Practices (New-York: Harper & Row,
1973)
6. KMAAeH K. Borrpochi yrrpaBAeHMH. M., 3KoHOMMKa, 1981
7. Newman W. Constructive Control: Design and Use of Control Systems, 1975
8. AAaMc P. OcHOBhl ayAMTa. M ., AYAHT, 1995
9. noAcppeMaH A-. <DopA <D. OcHOBhl 6 aHKOBCKoro AeAa. M ., 11Hcppa- M, 1998
10. =\=\ 4bfilllpnfiw4wfi pwfi4Jl funphpi].Jl npnznul[! «Pwfi4bJlfl qnp6ntfibmpjwfi
4wpqwtl.nptlwfi hfltlfiw4wfi lllfiUlbuw4wfi finptlwlllfltl.fibpfl tlwufl1i» . =\=\ lfP
Ulbrtb4wqflp, 4wfinfiw4wpq Pfltl. 2. {finp futlpwqpnLpJntfi), hwlllm4 pnrtWJ14nttl. 1998
11 . YcociUIH B.M. CoBpeMeHHhiH KOMM ep"<IeciUIH 6aHK: YrrpaBAeHMe M orrepa4MM .
M., Ltni...t "Ba3ap-<Deppo", 1994

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q.ru4ut...nt-raant-t...

1. MecKoH M., AAh6epT M., XeAOYPH (]). OcHOBbi MeHeAJKMeHTa. M., AeAo, 1992
2. Ka6ymKHH H.H. OcHOBbl MeHeAJKMeHTa. YtJe6HHK, M ., 3KoHoMnpecc, 1998
3. KaK npoBecTH COQHOAornqecKoe HCCAeAoBaHHe. noA peA. M.K.fopUIKOBa,
(]).3. l.Uepern. M., 0oAHTH3AaT, 1990
4. 'llnqnuJWli q.u. t>li~npllwg~WJ~ hwlfwpllwli lll:ipnl].lil:ip[! ung~nLnq~WJmll : tp .• =nuu~
qu hpwm .• 1987
5. AHKapeBa A.A., MHpCKaJI M.H. CoQHOJ\.OI'IDI TPYAa. YtJe6Hoe noco6He. M .,
BbiCUiaJI lllKOAa, 1989
6. TeopHH ynpaBJ\.eHHH COQHaAHCTH'IeCKHM npOH3BOACTBOM. OoA peA.
O.B.Ko3AoBoif. M., 3KOHOMHKa, 1979
7. OpraHH38QHH ynpaBJ\.eHHH o6~eCTBeHHbiM npoH3BOACTBOM. noA peA.
r.x.nonoBa, r.A.AJK.aBBAOBa, M ., l13A-BO MocK. YH-Ta, 1979

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219
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221
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235
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237
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4. Uwhw4JWCi U., Pb4CiwqwpjWCi 'L., ~w4npjwCi ~ - . ebpnpjwCi lu. SCitnbunLpjw(i
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hpWlnWflW4!nLPJnLCi, t ., 2001
5. Robert L. Katz. Management of the Total Enterprise. Englewood Cliffs. N.J.Prentice-
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7. www.pcbanker.com

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295
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296
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297
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q.ruyuuntrasntu

1. MecKOH M ., AAh6epT M., XeAOYPH <D. OcHOBhl MeHeAJKMeH'I'a. M ., Aell.o, 1995

2. CoQHo.r..orn:qecKHif 3HQHKAoneAHqecKHi1: c.r..oBaph. M., HH<DPA M-HOPMA,
1998
3. AHApeeBa r.M. CoQJiaAbHilll TICHXOAOrn:f!. M., AcneKT npecc, 1998
4. CMe.r..3ep H. CoQHoAorn:f!, <DeHHKC, 1994
5. C.r..oBapb-cnpaBoqHJiK MeHe~epa. M., HH<DPA-M, 1996
6. EpeAAHK Y. MeHeAJKMeHT B opraHH3aQMM. M., HH<DPA-M, 1997

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1. KoTAep <D., ApMCTpOHr r ., CoJ1Aepc /"YK .. BoHr B. OcHOBbl MapKenrnra. M., CD6.
"BHAbMC", 1998
2. KOTAep <D . YnpaBAemre MapKeTHHroM. M., 3KOHOMHKa, 1980
3. J?BAOKHMOB <D. 11., raaBa B. M . A36YJ<.a MapKeTHHra. A-. CTaJ\.Kep, 1998
4. foAy6KoB E. n. 0CHOBbl MapKeTHHra, M ., <DHHnpecc, 1999
5. KoTAep <D . OcHoBbi MapKeTHHra. M ., Dporpscc, 1992
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1. APYPH K. BBeAeHHe B ynpaB.II.eH'lecKHif H rrpoH3BDAcrBeHHhiif yqeT. M., 1998

2. MecKoH M., .A.II.b6epT M., XeADYPH <D. OcHOBhi MeHeAJKMeHTa. M., Ae.ll.o,
1992
3. Hayq:Ha.H opraHH3BL{HH TpyAa H ynpaB.II.eHHH. M ., 3KOHOMHKa, 1965
4. PJ.rrrc /'0<. npoH3BOACfBeHHhie CHCTeMbl. M., nporpecc, 1972.
5. ~bnliwp~mpJWli Wpl'lJmliwqbtn ~wnwqwpmu : S.q.fl., UJpn~ . 3m . U . UmqwpJWli~
[!lil)hwlimp tuupwqpmpJWup: l::ip., SlitnbuwqbLn. 2001
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bp~plibpmu: l::ip., 'lwp. 2001
7. Ha6a.ll.oB T.A. 06opyADBBHHe c6opo'lHhiX qexoB o6ysHhiX ¢a6pHK. M.,
AernpoMH3ABT., 1987
8. [3.1\.oBeif A. Orrepau;HoHHhiif MeHeAJKMeHT. CaHKT-neTep6ypr, 2001
9. MoHAeH Jl. «ToeTa». MeTOAbi 3¢Q:>eKTHBHoro ynpaB.II.eHHH. M., 3KoHoMHKa,
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12. Po6epTCOH A. YnpaB.II.eHHe KB'lecrBOM. M., nporpecc, 1974
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1. AAaM'l}'K B.B., PoMaiDoB O.B., Copmuma M.E. 3KOHOMHKa H cocy~:o.l\.ormi
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Me.I\.HKhHHa, P.n. Ko.l\.ocoBou. M., l13A-Bo MrY, 1996

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4. TpaBMH B.B., AfiTAOB B.A. OcHOBhi KaAPOBOro MeHeAJKMeHTa. M., AeAo, 2001
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6. KyHI.J; r. O'AoHHeA c. YnpaBAeHMe: CMCTeMHhiH M CMT}'aQMOHHhiR aHaAM3
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13. npo6ll.eMhi TeopHM M npaKTMKM ynpaBJI.eHM51, 1998/2
14. EOAAM A-. n3RTOH P. OcHOBhi MeHeAJKMeHTa. nYITEP, 1999
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WI1'1JnLGQGI:ij1fl llfl2fl(j ~znt.J.w6 llb6nLpjnLG[!, nj1llll:ii'J. jnLj1WQWGVnLj1 ll1Wj1pbj1W~fl
hwt.J.wGw~wGntpjmG oq.lllwq.nj16t.J.mll t n111.4bu hwllwlljwl.llwutuwG Wl1dbl2fl hwG11l:iu
Q.WLnL hwtSwtuw~wGmpJmG: '-l.l:il12flGu hwzt.J.w11~mll bG hbllllLJWL pwGw<ILLnt.J..
rn
X= L Ai x Bi [2], nj1l.lll:ii'J..
i=l
X - tlwplitlwtnf14w4wfi Ut!jWutlwfi tlf12flfi wpdbj;!fi t.
i = 1 ..... m - llfltnwp4tlnfltnWflplipw4filipfl PtlWDWfiW4~ :
Oj1flGw~. bGpW'1111:i(jQ. wnw2flG ll1Wj1(JI:ij1W~fl 'll:illjQnLil 100 'll:iUjQflg 25-mll
UlllWgt.J.I:iL t 60000 '111Wil 2Whmjp, 35-mll· 54000 '111Wil, hW2nl1'140-nLil. 50000 '111Wil,
flu~ bj1~j1n1111 ll1Wj1pbj1W~fl rj.bUjQnLil 100 bLQI:ij1flg 20-mll UlllWgt.J.bL t 70000 11!1Wil
zwhmjp, 30-mll' 60000 rj.j1Wil LL 50-ntll' 50000 '111Wil zwhmjp: Swj1pbj1W~Gbj1flg
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X1 = 53900 '1!1Wil (60000 X 0,25 + 54000 X 0,35 + 50000 X 0,4),
X2 = 57000 rj.j1Wil (70000 X 0,2 + 60000 X 0,3 + 50000 X 0,5) :
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!fllllWLflU ~ni'J.IlGnj1nzt.J.bL q.nj16Wj1Wj1nLpJWG fli1W~wGwgllwG ll1Wj1pbj1W~Gbj1fl [!Glllj1nL-
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447
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q.n116t!nul b(j tJ!1WI1 hbUl Ul:i!1Ul0!1b(j ~WUjt!WO b!1~nL gnLgwGjlzGb!1' l}jlUUjl:i!1Ujlw(j L.

lijl2jlG ~wnw~nLUWJjlG zbrtnLli[!, n11nG~ hwzt!wl1~t!nLli l:i(j hbUlL.JWL pwGwilL.I:i11nt!.

B2 = L( X-L~
-2
x n [3],
J -2
o =L(X -L~ x n [4], 0!1Ull:irt'

82 - I').~UUjbpu~wG t.
/j - li~2~(j ~WnW4nLUWJ~G 2li'l.nLli[!,
X - JnLpw~wG!JnLp l').bUJ~~ hwliwp uUJwut.In'l wpdb~[!.
X - liwpbliwm~4w4wG UUJWUliwG li~2~G wpdb~[!.
n - l').liUj~bp~ @mwp4liwG p~t.ll!:

tGpWI}!1bG~· nLGI:iG~ Gl:il1!ll1nLliGI:i!11l ~WUlW!1liwG l:i11~nL U1W!1PI:i11w~Gb11: Ujl2jlG

~wnw~muwjjlG zbrtliw(j L. l}jlUUjb!1UjlWJjl gmgwGjlzGI:i!1tJ hwztlw11~liwG hwliw11 wG-
h!1Wdl:izU1 l114JWLGI:i!1[! wnw2jlG L. l:i11~11n(11} U1W!1PI:i11w~Gb111l hwliw11 Gb!1~WJwgt!w6 bG
22.1 WllJOLUW~nLli:
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~~wqlijl' B1 = ~ 1539
100
= ± 3,92, jlu~ b11~11n111} UlW!1PI:ii1W~jll}b~mli'

B2 = ~6100 = ± 7 Sl:
100 '
Ujl2jlG ~wnw~nLUWjjlG zb'l.liWG gnLgwGjlzjl wt!blll Ljln~11 W!1dl:i~nt! t pGnLpw-
Q.flt!nLli Gl:i!11}!1nLliGI:i!11l 1111w~wGwgliwG wnw2jlG UlW!1PI:i!1W~[!: 1bU1L.wUjbu, njlu~jl
wnmlint! WJG wt!bLil Gwj1J[!GU1!1blll t:
UfJjnww[J 22 1
U~2~(j ~WnW4nLUWJ~(j 2li'l.I1WG 1.. I').~Ul1JliJ1U~WJ~ gmgwG~2Glip~ hW2t.lWJ141lw(j hWliWJl
wGhpwdli2Ln mt.lJwLGlip[! wnw2~G 1.. lip4pnpl'). mwpplipw4Glip~ hwliwp

twhnLJp[!
i"'pWI').WpilnL- 'l~mwp4mli-
hwq. l').pwli (X- X) (X- X )2 (X- X )2 x n
PJWG h/h-[! X Gbp~ P~t.ll!

Unw2~G li~2ngwnnLli

1. 60 25 6.1 37.21 930.25

2. 54 35 0.1 0.01 0.35
3. 50 40 -3.9 15.21 608.4
QGI').WliliG[!' X= 53.9 100 1539

tp4pnpl'). li~2ngwnmli
1. 70 20 13 169 3380
2. 60 30 3 9 270
3. 50 50 -7 49 2450
QGI').WliliG[!' X=57 100 6100

Q.n116Gw~wGmli U1W!1PI:il1w~GI:i!11l hwlil:iliwUlliwG GUjWUlW~nt! oq.U1wq.n116mli bG

GwL. t!wl1jlwgjlwJjl (UlWUlwGliwG) q.n116w~jlgu (V): UJG hwztlw11~t!nLli t hl:iUlL.JWL
pwGwilL.nt!.

448
 CJLnftu 22. bbflrJflfltlfUbflf> 4UflUt/UflfltUl!

+S
V= - X 100% (5) :
X
UJU gnLgwfif121J l.jw(lnrt t ijlmfmtut.l.bL 0-flg 100%-fl llf12wl.Jwmnul: npewfi WJ'l
gmgwfif12fl wpctbeiJ pw(l~!l t. WJfiewfi wt.l.bLflllbO t nflul.jfl wmnfltSwfi[!: QfiflnLfit.J.w6 bfi
WJfl q.np6wl.jgfl wpdbefl rnwppbpwl.jtlwfi hbrnllJWLilnrnbgnLilfibpiJ.
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6wpwpnLpJWfi 6pwq.flp1J fibpflfibL:
2. 10% - 25% . pwt.J.W(lW(l LnWLnWfinLil: ullw(j flbumbpnLill.jW(lblfl t nflul.jfl flflllbL,
bpb 2WhnLpWpbpnLp)Wfi ilWl.jW(lflWl.j[! q.bpwqwfigmll t llfl2fl(j tS)nL'l.WJfl(j 2WhnLpWpb-
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3. 25%-flg pwp~(l . pwp~p llwl.jwpflwl.jfl rnwrnwfimll: ullwfi gmgwfif12 mfibgn11.
q.np6wpwpmp)wfi 6pwq.pb(11J tunphnL(lfl ill rnpt.l.mlll.jflpwnbL:
ullwfi LnW(lpbpwl.jnLil[! PnLJL t LnWLflU wt.J.bLfl hbzrnmpjwllp l.jnrtllfinpnzt.J.bL
rnwppbpwl.jfibpfl [JfiLnpnLpJWfi dwllwfiwl.j:
Unw2flfi Ll bpl.jpnpfl rnwppbpwl.jfibpfl hwllwp rnwrnwfillwfi q.np6wl.jflg1J hwllw-
lljWrnwutuwfiwpwpl.jl.jwqllfl.
3 92 7 81
v1 = ± •
53.9
x 100 = ±7,27%; v2 = ± 57
• x 100 = ±13.7% :
qnp6wpwpnLpJwfi rnbuwl.jbrnflg l.jwpllnp fizwfiwl.jmpJmfi nLfifl nflul.jfl WJfi iWLPfl
npnznLil[!, np[J l.jwpnrt t hwfiq.bgfibL wfit.l.tSwpnLfiwl.jmpJwfi: UJfi q.fiwhwrnt.J.mll t nflul.jfl
qnp6wl.jgflllf12ngnt.l.· IJULn hbrnuJWL pwfiw~Llfl.

Kn = Y. [6], nprnbrta
c
Kn - nJ1ul.jJ1 qnp6wl.jJ1g(i t.
y - t.l.fiwufibpJ'l hfiwpwt.l.npllb6wqnLJfi !Wlfl~ (llPWil).
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llnu.netip~ (llPWil):

Ul.jfihWJLn t. np wfit.J.tSwpnLfiwl.jnLpJWfi hwufibLnL hwt.J.wfiwl.jwfinLpJnLfiiJ WJfiew-

fint.l. wt.J.bLfl ijlnep t. npewfint.l. wt.l.bLfl ijlnep t t.l.b!liJ fizt.l.w6 qnp6wl.jgfl wpdbeiJ:
PnLn(l flbUjebpmll fibpflpmllfibpfl flpwl.jwfiwgllwfi hbrn l.jwlljt.J.w6 nflul.j[! hwfi11bu t
u
Q.WlflU npUjbU :tJfl(jw(juwl.jw(j bpunL)p, fl("IW llb6mpJWfi t.J.pw l.jw(lblfl t Wqflbl :tJfl(jw(j-
uwl.jw(j llbfuwfiflqllfl (LOWl.jfibpfl) llf12ngnt.J.: ullw(j fibpq.np6mp)mfi flpwl.jwfiwgt.J.mll t
nwqllwt.J.wpnLpJWfi llf12ngnt.J.: '-lb(12flfiflu hflllenLil [!fil.jw6 bfi nflul.jfl wurnfltSwfifl
l.jptSwrnllwfifi nL'l.rtt.l.w6 filljwrnwl.jwJflfi llf12ngwnmllfibp, npnfie l.Jnit.I.W6 bfi fit.l.wq w-
q.nLJfifl hwugfibL hfiwpwt.J.np l.jnpmurnfibpflllwuzrnwpfibp[J wfinpnz rnfirnbuwl.jwfi flpw-
t.l.fltSwl.jfllljWJilwfifibpmll:
Unt.J.npwpwp l.jflpwnt.l.mll bfi nflul.jfl t.l.bpwgllwfi Ll l.jptSwrnllwfi qwfiwqwfi llbpnfl-
fibp : UJ'l llbpnflfibpflg bfi nflul.jflg tunLUwijlnLil[!, nflul.j[J wllpnrt2nLpJwllp fibpll(1nrtflfi
pnrtfibLIJ, nflul.jfl ijlnfuwfigmll[J Lll.jptSwrnmll[J:
flflul.jflg tumuwijlbL fizwfiwl.jmll t hpwdwpt.l.bL q.np6wpwpmpJwfi WJfilljflufl
6pwQ.(lbpflg, npnfie WJU l.jwll WJfi iWL1lnt.l. wnfiit.l.nLil bfi npnzwl.jfl wurnfltSwfifl nflul.jfl
hbrn : Uwl.jwJfi fibprwnrtfibpfl hwllwp nflul.jflg tunLUwijlbC fizwfiwl.jnLil t hpwdwpt.J.bL
2WhnLjp ULnWfiWLnL hfiwpwt.J.npnLp)nLfifibpflg:
tpl.jpnpfl flblljenLil fibpll(1n111J hwllnqt.J.w6 t. np ubijlwl.jwfi llf12ngfibpnt.l. l.jwpnrt t
llwpbL hfiwpwt.J.np t.l.fiwufib("IIJ Ll WJfllljWLntSwnnt.l. q.np6wpwpmpjwfi nflul.j[J wllpnrt2nL-
PJWilp 1111 t.J.pw t t.J.bpgfimll:

29- UbQb~nibQp 449

 UbubSUbUiJ

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wutu12' WUJWhml.wq.pwl.jwG oul.jtpnLpJWG Ll.flw:
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lllwputnr LjlnrmwgnLCi: UJil GUJwl.llwl.jmi.I.JrpwnmCi tu lllwpptp CinllltgmCiutp, npnu-
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t>nwLI.f1tSwl.jf1 wGnpnzmpJwu pwn~P wul.llfltSwuo GbpllflnrtGbpflG huwpwLI.npm-
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wul.llfltSwuo l.jptSwl.lltLm hwCiwp, nplljtuqf1 hGwpwLI.np LrGJ'l tumuwljltL htlllwq.w LWJ-
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UwhCiwuwljlwl.jnLCiiJ f'lpbuflg Gtpl.jwJwgGmCi t 6wfuubpf1, Ll.wtSwnvfl, Ltwp4bpf1
lllpwCiwl}pCiwG Citawq.mJG uwhCiwuwJpG wpcttvutpfl npnzmCio:
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Q.flUL!Uunt-rasm-u

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1wllnql::if GzwGwl.jmll t mGI.jGrtll~ lll::i2 hwl)_wlil wnw2wgGI::iL wul)_wo~ hwGrtl::iUj,
li'l.l::iL n(lnzwl.j~ l)_t5~nGI::i(1~. q.n(16Gwl.jwG QWJLI::i(l~. (ILwl)_n(ll::iL n(lnzwl.j~ '1~11Qn(lnzmli L
l)_W(lQWq.~o: 1wllnql::iLm tuGrt(l~ tmpJWG [!llpnGmll[! L LmOliwG l::ill.wGwl.jGI::i(l[! I'].W(ll::i(l

488
 QLnflu 25. liUnU<IUf'ntU l;r.J 6Uf'SUUUWt/CJBntU

zwrmLGwl.J tnwpwllwjGnLpJnLGGt;p t;(j hwpnLgbr UmpbutnGbpG WP'lWpwgGnu;i ttiG

w(;it;(j brtwGwLtml. nLGltG'lptiG hw(;inqbl[!, pbl.Jmq fuwpnwt~Lt. bpl.tmpwl.JwG WlljwgnL-
gm(;iml. l.Jw(;i UjWpqwUjbU hnq.bpwGwLtwG Gbpwq'lbgnLpJw(;ip: UtiG!'lbn Unl.Jpwtnbutl-
'llLWtnnGtt-Uptlutnntnbltl '1tlppnpnznL(;i(j wp(;iwtnWUjbU WJL t' pnLJLWtnpbltl t (;itiWJG
q.tltnbLtiPtl t.I.J1w tuwpututtw6 hw(;inqm(;iQ, (;iJnLu (;it12ngGbpQ wGpwpn t;(j nL (;it;pdbLtl :
dw(;iwGwLtwLttlg tnbuwpwGGbptl 2P2WGnL(;i l.tu WJU ul.JqpnLGpwJtiG hwl.JW'l(lnt.(;iQ UjWh-
UjwGtfw6 t. (;iwuGwtfnpwUjbu' tnpw(;iwpwGwLtwG LL riwptnwuwGwLtwG ijlwutnwpl.Jm(;i-
Gbptl tnwppbpwl.J(;iw(J tnbupntf:
=iwtfnLJP UjWtnriwnbLQ. tlhwpl.Jb, w6wGgJWL q.np6wnnLJP t (Qutn 8tlgbpnGtl' '1W (;itl
UjWtntltl t. np wGm(;i t tununrtQ LUnrtGbptiG): !abUjbtn 'ldtfwp !t hwul.JwGwL. np hwribLtl
tunup[! LL' wttbltl (;it;6 nLZW'lpnLpJW(;ip t oGltWLtfnL(;i (WJUtiGpG' tnbrtbltwtntfnLpJnLGG t
zwhm(;i), L.' wtfbLtl tnUjwtfnPtl! t. mpMG' hw(;inqtl!:
tiw{lmWUJllli/1 WJU b.nwft/1 q.n{IOWnnLJP/1 Ltwtnwp(;iwGG t GUjwtnwLtwmrtrttfw6 'lW-
uwl.JwG riwptnwuwGmpJnLGQ tiP h/lliq. pwd/llilili{lm{ q.Jmtn, '1WuwtfnpnLpJnLG, rintuw-
pwGnLpJmG, htlznrtnLpJmG, wptnwuwGnLpJnLG:
Unw2t1G pwdtiGQ' «Q.JnLW[!J>, tfbpwpbpnL(;i t tunuptl pntfwG'lwLtnLpJWGQ, pnLG
wubLtiPtiG: ntt q.bp (;ibl.J wGq.w(;i wntlp t nLGbgbL (;iWP'll.JWGg 'ltl(;ibLnL, lL GpwG LUbL t;G,
nLpMG Gw wubLtle t nLGbgbr C!G'lhwLtwnwLto. GnLJGtluLt ijlnpllwnnL riwptnwuwGQ
'10Q.nLJG lnUjWtfnpnLpjnLG t pnrtGnL(;i, bpt; fununL(;i t wnwGg WUbLtle nLGbGWLnl. WJ'1-
L4tiUtiGGbptiG dnrtntfnLp'lG wGtfwGbL t «riw(;iwptnwlt». «rinnn(;iwpwG», «Ujnnntnw-
tunu», «'1WtnwpLtwtunu» LL WJLG:
lJWflfJftwlig funllJlnt/ qwnwt/Wfl/i[nL hwtJUQJ fununrziJ 111limp t pwp fttlwliw wuli.-
L/lPf!. 1Gwpwtfnp !t hwuLtwGWLtl nL hw(;inqtl! tunubL (;itl GJnLptlg, nptlg q.wrtwlflwp !nL-
Gbu, !t;u tnbubL l.Jw(;i LUbL, !bu qq.wgbL l.Jw(;i ltWP'lWQbL= «fltl bpt np tuoutiG' n! PW2
Q(;ipnGtlgt qMwutnu, wGhGwptiG t pt UjWpq tl(;iwgnwgt qwJG npnL(;i tuoutiG» [7, t2 8]:
UtlwJG wubLtiP nLGbGwLntl t hGwpwtfnp hw(;iwlljwtnwutuwG lll.tntf Ltwq(;iwl.JbpUjbL
tunuewJtiG hwrtnP'1Wltgnu;io' w(;ibGtlg wnw2' tunubL pGwl.JwG, uwhnLG, hwuLtwGwltl.
WJL n! pt; nLGl.JG'1!1tiG riGznrt. bpl.JwpwpwG, wG6wGnp pwnt;pntf zz(;it;gGnfl, UjbUUjbu
UjWrimriwGpntf zbrtnrt nrintf: nppwG tL tnwpoptiGwl.J t hG!nL(;i, uwl.JwJG fu66tfw6 fun-
unL(;i t pt;' n!tiG! !tl(;iwgnf1(! lL pt;' (;ibl.JbG w(;it;(j tiG! WUbLllq.tnnf1(!. «ntf np q.tnGWLnL 2Wln
2WGp ltD gnLgQGt' [!UbL t np !nLGtl» [8, t2 114]:
Uhw wubltleD Ltwpq.wtfnptfw6 GbpltWJWgGbLmG t Ltn!tfw6 riwptnwuwGnLpJwG
bpl.Jpn(l'l pwdtiGo' «'lwuwtfnpnLpJmGo»: bpt; q.JnLtnQ riwptnwuwGtl tunubLtiPG t tiP w(;i-
pnrt2nLpJwG tnbupntt. WlljW 'lWUWtlnpnLpjnLG[! GnLJG tunubltlpG r Wp'lt;(j tnpnhttw6,
npnzwlttl LtwnnLJgtl tnbupntt: 'lwuwttnpnLpJnLGG WJG JmpwtnbuwLt hwtnwl.Jwq.ti6G t.
npntl Ltnrt(;iGnpnzttnL(;i t riwptnwuwGQ, tnbuGnL(;i t tiP wubltletl nLrtf1nLpJnLGQ, wuttw6tl
htlllGwtlnpttw6nLpjnLG[! lL !Wuttw6G WUbLnL GUjWtnWl.JwhwpllwpmpjnLG[!, qq.nL(;i t
tunum! bqpwijlwl.JbLnL UjWhQ LL [!GtnpnL(;i '111W Ujwtnzwri lll.t[!:
nppwG tL l.Jwpl.tnp m tl(;iwutnnLG (;itnebp nLGbGwGe (;itl(;iJwGg hwrtnP'lbLnL, (;it;p
tunue[! hw(;inqtl! !tl LtiGtl npUjbu q.np6nLGbnLpJWG wq11wl.t. wGq.w(;i l.Jwpnf1 t npUjbu
tnbflbltnLpjnLG ![!Gl.JWLtfbL, t;pt; fungbltl t 'lWUWtlnpnLpJnLG[!: SpwllwpwGwl.JwG wnnL-
(;intl tungbLtl 'lwuwttnpmpJnLGG wGtunwwlflbLtlnpt;G «LtntnpnL(;i t riwptnwuwGwl.JwG
funuetl (;ib2PQ»: u(;iwGoptiGwl.J funup[! pnrtGnL(;i t wGl.JWUj, l.Jgl.JtnnLp, GnLJGtlul.J qwtlbz-
tnwl.JwG tnUjwtfnpnLpJmG' ritlztn LL ritlztn 1wl.Jnp "lwpnGJwGtl pGnLpwq.pw6tl Ujbu .
«lunue[! WP'lWPu pwnt;pt; l.J[! l.Jwq(;itftl, PWJQ !M q.tltnbp, pt; pwnbpG pntlb entt '1114b-
lntl wGUjwtnriwn tunup (;i[! q.njwgGbLnL wptnnGmpJnLG nLGtlaG» [9, t2 177]:

489
 ,w'l.npf'J.l:iltl nL Gwl.t hwugl:iwlllt"1Pn2 hwllwfl [!llpnGI:iltl w!lt;(J llll tunu12t"1 (pt;'
pwGwt.l.np l.t pt;' q.pwt.l.np) «q.JnLUl[!» l.t «f'J.WUWt.l.npmpJnLG[!» (WJL ~l:ipt.q wuwo· pm(J
WUI:iLt"IJ2£!, pnt.l.wGf'j.W~nLPJnLG[!) ~wpq.wt.l.npt.l.mll t;(J hl:iUll.tJWL u~qpnLGJ2Gl:ipnt.l.:
- UftwuliwljwlimpJWii uljqpmlip, [!Uill nnll· wul:iLllJ2l! t.ql:illlJ2 t llt"lwuGw~w(J LllGll,
hw~wnw~ t.qWflWq.WJnLil pn'l.GnLil t tuwnGwt.flGpnfl Ult.qWt.l.npnLpJnLG, f'J.d"t.l.wp t
hwu~wgt.l.mll, GmJGllu~ ~ll [!G~WLt.l.nLil t"lppl.t hnf'j.wpwztu tunu12: Uul:iLllJ2llllt"lwuGw~w­
(jnLpJnLGG Wt.qWhnt.l.l:iLnL Gt.qWUlW~nt.l. tunun'l.[! l4t"llllt"l hUUlW~ t.qWUl~l:ipwgGtlllP q.LtuW-
t.l.np llt"llllJ2[!, t"lu~ octWGf'J.W~ f'J.Willn'l.nLPJnLGGI:ip[!, tpwgmll(Jl:ip[!, zl:i'l.nLilGt;p[j nL ql:i'l.nLil-
(Jl:;p[! tuulllnpt;li t;(Jpwfl~ll q.Ltuwt.l.np illiiJ2ll t.qwpqwpwG!lwG[!, wnwt.l.l:iLWq.nLJGU ilwlll-
~l:illl f'j.Wpii(Jt;Lm(J:
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uljqpmliu: npl.tt llt"llllJ2 hGwnwt.l.np ~t hw'l.nPf'J.l:iL nLG~Gf'J.IltiG. wnwt.l.l:iL l.tu' fl.Wpi~Gl:iL Gpw
hwllwp hwu~wGWLll m hwllnqt"l~. t;pt; WJf'J. llt"llllJ2[! hwt.l.mn t.qWill2WlSll ~(Jt;p~WJW9t.l.ll.
WJullGJ2G' ~wt.qwhnt.l.t.l.l:iG wul:iLll12ll npnzw~ll hl:ippw~w(JmpJnLG[!, hw2nflf'J.W~wGm­
PJnLG[!, hllllliwt.l.np m ~wt.qw~gt.l.w6 wGgmllGI:ip[! (hwzt.l.ll wnGI:iLnt.l. LUWpwGll [!G~WL­
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liwtuWf'J.WUnLpjnLG[! l4t"llllt"l Ptull lljmut"lg, UW~WJG ~t.ql:illl)2 t ~fl~Gll liwtunpf'J.t"IG. WJL
llt"IUlJ2[! WllW2 zwpctt"l. f'j.WilGW hllilJ2' hW2npf'j. f'j.WUln'l.nLPJWG hwllwp: UJUt"IGJ2(J' tunU)2[!
wGtumuwt.fll:iLllnpt;(J lllpnht.l.mll t llwul:ipll. uw~WJii ilwlilmgt.l.mll t n~ pt; ~Ulplllt.l.w6,
WJL UlpwllwpwGw~w(J t.flntu~wt.qw~gt.l.w6nLpJWilp:
- UumfttJwliwljwlimpJWii uljqpmlipf! ptunLil t Gwtunpf'J. t;p~mut~g: Ul:it.flw~w(J
illllJ2I:ip[!, WllW2Wp~nLpjnL(J(Jl:;fl[!, l:iqpW~WgnLpjm(J(Jl:;p[!, hnLjql:ip[! ilt"12Ul q.l:ipWf'j.WUI:iW
t nLflt"12GI:ipt"I(J [it;p~WJWgGt;L WUUlt"llSw(Jwpwp: rhwp~t;, LllGnLil l:i(J pwgwnnLpjm(J(Jt;p,
l:iflp wnwt.l.l:iL Wpf'J.JmGwt.l.l:illl nL wqf'j.l:igll~ t. wul:iGJ2, wGut.qwUI:iLll u~t"lqp[! ~wll wGw~G­
~WL wGgmll[!: Uw~wJG ll llll:iumpjmli(J t hmzmll, ll t.flnpilnt.l. f'J.Jmpt"IG t hwllnqt.l.l:iL, nn
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t"lpl:iliJ2 tL l:i(J qq.mll, np lSWflliiWUWG[! hllllGwt.l.npt.l.w6 tunu)2 t wumll llfll:iGg, wnw2 t
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f'J.nt.fll:iL[!, lltll.tGmjG pwGll ilwGil(lWgGn'l. ~p~(JmpjnLG[! ~wll t.qwpq 2P2Wt.qlllnLJUl[!: n~
llt"lwJii tunuJ2ll lllpnht.l.w6mpJmli[!, t.flntuWf'J.Wpil ~wt.qG m wligmllGI:ip[!, WJL\.t GmJGllu~
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t.l.npmpjmG, hl:inwli~wp: UJu ~wt.qw~gmpjwllp Gw lSWplllwuwGw~w(J llll ht"IG ~w(Jn(J t
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wumtlliu, pwgwm{l/lfl, pliftlitliu wumtl: f>ulj lipp Wt/WfiUJnLtlliu, UJWUJtl/lfl, pliftlil
wuwg/1{1» [10, tp 209/.
UGUlWpW~nLJU, WJU tunphmpf'j.[! l4t"llllt"l [!G~WLI:iL lt q.npOWf'J.Ill:iL n~ pt; npt.ql:iu w(J-
t.I.UillWhnLpjmG qpmgw~t"lglil:iflll nLGW~nLpJnL(J(Jl:;flt"l hWGf'j.l:it.q, n~ tL npt.ql:iU lSWpUlWUW-
(Jw~w(J q.nnnqwlllllnLpJnLG, WJL tunuJ2ll (Jt;pwqf'j.l:ignLpJnLG[! hqnpwgGn'l. t.qWJ!lwli,
lSwpUlwuwGll l.t mG~Gf'J.llflGI:ipll hwilwllll:i'l. illllwt.l.np wztuwlllWiiJ2ll WPf'J.JnLGwt.l.l:illlm-
PJWii ~wpl.tnp q.np6nG:
uwplllwuwGnLpJWG t;ppnflf'J. pwctt"IGn' ((tfnJuwpwlimpJnLiif!», Gl:ipwnnLil t pwnwJllG
~wqllll [!GillpmpJmG[!, pwnwq.np6w6mpjmG[!, wplilwhWJUl~Willl2ngGt;pt"l l.t lSWfllllW-
uw(Jw~w(J hwlllm~ hGWflJ2Gl:ipll wllpn'l.2nLPJnLG[!:

490
 QLnf/u 25. liUnU<IUf'ntU t;<J 6Uf'SUUUWttaBntU

tunu~?tl wlibli WUUJWilbq nLlitl till nLilnLJli pwllWUJW2Wil[!, l.t liwuliwq.tllllw~wli

tunul?[! liwtu l.t wnw2 lllWilPbllt.J.mli t ~bligW'lWJtlli tunu~?tlg· q.nll6w6t.J.nrt hwu~wgnL­
pJmlilibllnt.J., fuullltlt.l. Cll.tw~bllUJnLlilibllnt.J., htlliliwt.J.nllt.J.w6 bqllw~wgnLpJnLlilibllnt.J.:
4wli' ~wqliw~bllUJnLpJwli rtb~wt.l.Wil[! !tl ~wllnrt linLJli blll.tnLJpliblltl hUJliWil lllWilPbll
pwnbll nL hwu~wgnLpJnLlilibll, pwnw~WUJW~gnLpJmlilibll nL Lbqt.J.w~wli ~W'lWUJWil­
libll !Q.nll6w6bL, bllP tununLli t till blipw~wliblltl hblll W2fuWLI1Wt.IWJ(lnLli l.t bllP lllWlili t.
tllllilllblltlliliblltl 21l2WUJWLI1mli:
Ubll q.nll6w6w6 pwnblltl lib6 liwu[! pwqlitlliwulll t. l.t hwt'iwtu litlliJwlig hwu~w­
linLli bli~? 2linllhtlt.l. tunu~?W2Wiltl. WlllllWLbqt.lw~wli hwliq.wliwli~?liblltl. lflnllCiwnnL-
PJWlip Cll.twt.J.nllt.J.w6 hwrtnlli'J.W~gw~wli hlilllnLpJwli: UJliUJbu nil. li2lllWUJbu UJbllll? t
hw2t.1.t1 wnlibli~? hliwllwt.J.nll pJnLiltlliwgnLpJnLlilibll[!, nllnli~? nLrtb~gnLli bli libll tunu~?w­
Jtlli hwrtnlli'J.W~gliwli[!, liwliwt.J.wlii'J., bllP !bli~? t'i2lllnLli bLW~blllWJtlli hwu~wgnLpJnLli­
libll[!: nLULiltl, pt.J.mli t' wt.lbLnll'l wliq.wli (tlllW~WlinLli bllPbl? wt.J.bLnll'l !t) 'ltlliwgtllitlli
hWilQlibLnt.J.' «'lnL.l? tl~li! li~Wllltl nLlibl? l'j.W WUbLtiU», liblil? fumuwijlnLli blil? lllWil[!li-
pbllgnLliliblltiQ, pJnLil[!lipnlinLliliblltl9 l.t I'J.JnLilWglimli libll hwrtnlli'J.W~gnLli[!:
UJU pwdlitlli t.J.bllWPbllnrt htlliliw~wli UJWhWli2liblltl9 t Jliqtfwqwli wliwrzwf1mnL-
pJnLli1J, tlli!J:! blipl1JI'J.IlnLli t lllt.l.JWLLbqt.J.w~wli hwlillnLJpnLli [!lil'j.nLlit.J.w6Lbqt.J.w~wli linll-
liblltl UJWhUJwlinLli' liwfuWI'J.WUnLpJWli ~wnmgliwli, nLrtrtwtununLpJWli, 2b2lllWI'J.IlnL-
PJWli, hli!JmliwijlnfunLpJWli l.t WJLli: Sw~wt.J.tlli UlltiULilnlllbl[!, 8tlgbllnli[!, 1tlli 1nnlitl
t'iWillllWuwlinLPJWli blll.tbLtl nLUnLgtl!liblltl9 lib~[!- Uwll~nu ~t.J.tllillltlltlwlinu[!, Cll.tw~bll­
UJbL bli Lbqt.J.w~wli wliwrtWillllnLpJWli UJWhUJWliliwli, tunu~?tl nt'itlli libll~WJWgt.J.nrt UJW-
hwli2libll[!- q.nll6w6t.J.nrt pwnbll[! UJtlllltl Ltllibli hulllw~ l.t nLli~li'ltlllliblltlli hwu~wliwLtl.
hwll~wt.J.nll t tumuwlflbL wliunt.J.nll, WlllllWnng, llwqt.J.w'lbUJ q.nll6w6t.J.nrt pwnblltl9 nL
Wlll11WhWJLilnLpJmliliblltl9 ~wli tC 'lllWli-1? h[!lipwgu pwgWLilllbt: 1wll~wt.J.nll t. WJlinL-
hbllll.t, Clq.lllbL !Wlflwt.J.nllnLPJWli' q.bllWI'J.WUbLtl t. nil nt'i[! Ltllitl UJWilq nL wliUJwt'inLJt'i,
WllWlig liW~I'J.tlllliblltl. l?Wli pb «q.nLjliqq.nLjli» liW~I'J.tllllibllnt.J. qWili'J.WilnLli. WllW2tlli
'lbUJ~?nLli, UllWlitllll li~wlllbL t UlltiULilnlllbL[!, tunul?[! qmll~ t LtllinLli nt'iw~wli Wlld'W-
litl~?liblltl9. UW~Wjli bll~llnll'l l'j.bUJ.l?nLli Wjli pbllnLpjnLlilibll t Clblll? pbllnLli: lbqt.J.W~Wli
wliwrtWillllnLpJnLli[! UJWhWli2nLli t liwl.t tumuwlflbLLbqt.J.w~wli q.nbh~wpwlimpJnLlitlg.
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18. PoJKp,ecTBeHCKI.fH IO.B. Teopl.fR pi1TOPI.fKI.f. M., Ao6pocBeT, 1997

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26. 3pHCT 0 . CAOBO npeAOCTaBAeHo BaM: OpaKTI.f'leCKI.fe peKoMeHAaQI.fl.f no
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