See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.

net/publication/259493326

SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES AT BANGALORE

Conference Paper · April 2009

CITATIONS READS
0 5,101

1 author:

Dr. BP Naveen
Amity University Haryana
70 PUBLICATIONS   352 CITATIONS   

SEE PROFILE

Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects:

Municipal Solid Waste View project

Assessment of concentration profiles of contaminates in ground & surface water bodies polluted by leachate from a MSW landfill site. View project

All content following this page was uploaded by Dr. BP Naveen on 01 January 2014.

The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file.

 Proceedings of second national conference on Innovative practices for sustainable energy and
waste management: Coimbatore, (April24-25, 2009)
SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES AT BANGALORE
Naveen.B.P
M.Tech. Student, Dept. of Civil Engg. NITK, Surathkal, Srinivasnagar-575025
ABSTRCT
The present study involves Solid Waste
Management Strategies at Bangalore. Solid
waste includes garbage, ashes, rubbish. etc
The quantity of solid waste produced in city
depends on the type of the city, its
population, living standards of the residents
and degree of commercialization,
industrialization and various activity
prevailing in that city Bangalore city
generates about 1746 tons of municipal solid
waste per day. Such statistics include bulk
waste, construction debris and Health care
waste and here landfill site selected for solid
waste disposal satisfies suitability criteria as
per MSW rules and landfill gases released
can be recovered and can be used as an
alternative source of energy.
INTRODUCTION
Bangalore is the capital city as well as the
political, social and economic hub of the
state of Karnataka. It is also the 5th largest
city in all of India as well as one of the
fastest growing metropolitan areas.
Topographically, Bangalore is located on the
South Deccan plateau, while it stands at an
average elevation of 3113 ft from MSL.
Owing to this elevation, Bangalore is
bestowed by mild summers and cool
winters. It has been labeled the Garden City
of India owing to its amazing quantity of
flowering trees and expansive parks.
Solid waste Management (SWM) is a
universal problem with Bangalore being no
exception. Over the years the city has
grown significantly both in population and
in density, which has resulted in great
pressure being forced on the resources of the
city, which in turn has contributed to an
exponential increase in the generation of
Solid waste to a level which is beyond the
city ability to cope.
62
Solid waste includes garbage, ashes,
rubbish.etc The quantity of solid waste
produced in city depends on the type of the
city, its population, living standards of the
residents and degree of commercialization,
industrialization and various activity
prevailing in that city.
Bangalore Mahangar palika has identified
two sites in Bangalore city as engineered
landfill sites. Mavallipura engineered
landfill site is the main site, situated at
survey no 108, mavallipura village,
Hesaragatta zone, Bangalore north,
Bangalore , Karnataka state is used for
processing Municipal solid waste generated
from the city. The area of sites is 100 acres,
located at about 20Km away from the city.
WASTE GENERATION
Bangalore city generates about 1746 Tons of
Municipal solid waste per day (TPD). Such
statistics include bulk waste, construction
debris and health care waste. As per the
TIDE quantification survey of 2001, they
estimate that the average waste generation
rate per capita is 0.27 Kg per day, based on a
population of 5.6million people. Table 1.0
gives the Municipal Waste Generation in
Bangalore 2001
WASTE REDUCTION
Bangalore city generates about 1746 tons of
municipal solid waste per day. Such
statistics include bulk waste, construction
debris and Health care waste. Waste
reduction much depends on the generators of
waste and the habits of the generators. At
the corporation level, adopting waste
reduction measures could be difficult, at the
most they can spread awareness among
societies and industries in particular in
 Proceedings of second national conference on Innovative practices for sustainable energy and
waste management: Coimbatore, (April24-25, 2009)
adopting less waste producing systems, like
reduced packing material etc.,
EFFECTIVE SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
SHOULD INCLUDE ONE OR MORE OF THE
FOLLOWING
 Effective waste collection and
optimal transportation.
 Resource recovery through sorting
and recycling i.e. (recovery of
materials) such as paper, glass,
metals .etc through separation.
 Resource recovery through waste
processing i.e. recovery of materials
such as compost (or) recovery of
energy through biological, thermal or
other process.
 Waste transformation (without
recovery of resources) i.e. by
reduction of volume toxicity (or)
other physical (or) chemical
properties of waste to make it
suitable for final disposal as per the
guidelines by down in municipal
solid waste.
FINAL DISPOSAL IN LANDFILL.
 Waste handling and sorting, storage
and processing at the source.
 Collection of the segregated waste at
the source.
 Transfer and transport.
 Sorting, processing and
transformation.
 Disposal in landfill.
COMPOSTING FACILITY
Composting is a form of recycling. The
composting of municipal solid waste can
help decrease the amount of solid waste that
must be sent to landfill thereby reducing
disposal costs. At the same time, composting
yields a valuable product that can be used by
farmers, landscapers, horticulturist,
government agencies, and property owners
as a soil amendment or much. The compost
product can be used as a soil conditions.
63
Window composting is one of the oldest
methods of composting. In its simplest
form, a windrow compost system can be
constructed by forming the organic material
to be composted into windrow 8 to 10ft high
by 20 to 25ft wide at the base. A minimal
system could use a front end loader to turn
the windrow once per year. While such a
minimal system would work, it could take
up to three to five years for complete
degradation. Also such a system would
probably emit objectionable odours, as part
of the windrow will be anaerobic.
COMPOSTING METHODOLOGY
The methodology adopted shall be as
follows:
 Waste is delivered in windrow.
 Inoculum is sprayed on the waste in
required quantities.
 Water is sprayed on the waste.
 Each windrow is turned on 6th and
11th days outside to the centre to
provide aeration. This also destroys
insect’s larvae.
 Turning is carried out by using front
end loaders etc.
 On 16th day windrow is broken
down.
 It is then passed through a rotary
screen of about 25mm square mesh
to remove oversize contrary material.
 The oversized material is sent to
landfill for disposal.
 Screened compost is sent for
packaging.
MAVALLIPURA SITE FEATURES
The proposed site situated at survey no. 108,
Mavallipura village, Hesaragatta zone,
Bangalore North, Bangalore, Karnataka state
shall be used as processing of Municipal
Solid waste generated from the Bangalore
city. Table 2.0 gives the Mavallipura site
 Proceedings of second national conference on Innovative practices for sustainable energy and
waste management: Coimbatore, (April24-25, 2009)
features. Fig 1.0 shows the Flow diagram of
the composting process.
LANDFILL DETAILS USED FOR DISPOSAL OF
WASTES.
 The depth of landfill is 4m.
 The clay liner thickness at base
landfill is 1m.
 Permeability of clay liner is
< 1x10-9 cm/s.
 The liner placed in layers not
exceeding 300mm and then
compacted to the desired
permeability and then raised to a
total thickness of 1m.
 The clay liner is compacted at
+4% wet OMC.
 The top of the clay liner, as well
as the base of the landfill was
effectively graded to attain a
clear slope of 2% towards the
leachate collection sump.
 A network of lateral and header
pipes were then placed in the
landfill for effective collection of
any leachate generated in the
landfill.
 The leachate collection pipes are
embedded in a drainage media
for effective collection of
leachate. The drainage media
shall be also flow into the
leachate collection sump.
 A geo-textile barrier is placed
over the drainage media to
ensure only liquid percolation
into the drainage and thus also
ensures that the drainage media
does not get choked.
 Daily and intermittent covers of
soil shall be placed over the
wastes on a regular basis to
ensure that odor generation is
minimized. This also acts as a
barrier thus providing for fire
protection and effective
64
movement of waste dumping
trucks into the landfill. It further
minimizes the bird menace by
way of minimizing the exposure
of waste.
 Before capping the landfill gas
vents and gas collection system
shall be fitted to ensure that any
gas generated in the landfill shall
be effectively collected. The gas
quantities are presumed to be
small and hence they would be
destroyed in the flare stack.
However, if excess gas is
collected it shall be collected and
utilized for energy recovery.
 As the final grades are achieved a
clay cap is placed over the
intermittent cover to further
minimize infiltration of rainfall
in the landfill. The clay cap shall
be 900mm thick with a low
permeability of 10-09m/s.
DISCUSSION
From the studies, it is observed that the
poorly operated landfill operations may
cause problems due to bad odors, insects,
vermin, blowing papers, rats and scavenger
birds, apart from the dust and noise from
waste transporting vehicles and compacting
operations. Continuous field compaction of
the loose refuse and proper covering with
earth at the end of each day’s operation
reduce these problems. Volume reduction
by high pressure compaction may ensure an
aesthetically acceptable operation.
The public health problems are minimized
because flies, rats and other pests are
unable to breed in the covered refuse, there
is no air pollution from burning and fire
hazards are minimal.
Unmixed compost will undergo anaerobic
decomposition, leading to the production of
odors. Because occasional odor events are
impossible to eliminate, special attention
must be devoted to the factors that may
affect biological production of odors.
Causes of odors in composting operations
include low carbon to nitrogen(C/N) ratios,
 Proceedings of second national conference on Innovative practices for sustainable energy and
waste management: Coimbatore, (April24-25, 2009)

poor temperature control, excessive

moisture, and poor mixing. If the
composting operation is not conducted Table 1.0 Municipal Waste Generation in
properly, the potential exists for the Bangalore 2001
pathogenic organisms to survive the
composting process. The absence of Source Quantity(Tons/day)
pathogenic organisms is essential if the Residence and 1562
product is to be marketed for use in Shops
Markets 84
application where public exposed to the
compost. Hostel and 96
Restaurants
Commercial 6
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION Premises
Total 1783
 Landfill site selected for Solid
waste disposal satisfies
suitability criteria as per MSW Table 2.0 Table gives the Mavallipura site
rules 2000. features
 Study and design of different Features Details
Solid waste disposal systems at Climatic Conditions Summer-temperature
the proposed site suggests that ranges from 28 to
landfill gases released can be 36c Winter –
recovered and can be used as an temperature ranges
alternatively source of energy. Land use from 16land
Barren to 25c
 Based on the study of different Present Land use Dry land with
Solid waste systems, composting Staple Food patches
Rice, of eucalyptus
Ragi
technique is the best suitable Major crops in the Ragi, Maize,jowar,
method for Solid waste treatment study
Waterarea
bodies and vegetables
Hessargattaand other
water
suggested for the present study dams,and
canals tank- 5.5 Km10 km
from the economic point of view. Hills Mountains None within
Reserve forests None within 10 Km
Ecologically None within 10 Km
REFERENCES sensitive zones
Socio-economic Predominatly
(1.) Bangalore Mahangara Palika, Solid agricultural based
waste landfill site development office,
Bangalore.
(2.) Karnataka Compost Development
corporation office, Bangalore.

65
 Proceedings of second national conference on Innovative practices for sustainable energy and
waste management: Coimbatore, (April24-25, 2009)

Fig 1.0 shows the Flow diagram of the

composting process.

Weigh bridge
Waste

Stacking

Windrow

Rotary sieving

Rejects of Landfills

Transfer by tractor- trailer

Maturation yards

Packing and sale

66

View publication stats