Thermodynamics 1

CT Solutions Thermodynamics
Answer Key
1. (c) 2. (c) 3. (c) 4. (d) 5. (a) 6. (b) 7. (b) 8. (c) 9. (c) 10. (a)
11. (b) 12. (d) 13. (b) 14. (d) 15. (b) 16. (b) 17. (a) 18. (d) 19. (a) 20. (a)
21. (b) 22. (b) 23. (c) 24. (b) 25. (c) 26. (d) 27. (d) 28. (a) 29. (a) 30. (b)
31. (b) 32. (a) 33. (d) 34. (d) 35. (b) 36. (d) 37. (a) 38. (b) 39. (b) 40. (c)
41. (c) 42. (c) 43. (b) 44. (a) 45. (a)

1. Work is not a state function. 11. CaCO3(g) → CaO(s) + CO2(g)

2. Quantity whose value depends only on the state of
DH = 176 kJ /mole
the system is called a state function. T = 1240 K
3. Thermal capacity or heat capacity.
DH = DU + DngRT
4. Second of thermodynamics implies this fact as 176000 = DU + 1 × 8.314 × 1240

DStot > 0.
DU = 176 – 10.2 = 165.69 kJ/mole

5. heat absobed by the system = + 250 J 12. 2A2(g) + 5B2(g) → 2A2B5(g)

work done by system = –PextDV T2 = 300 K R
= 8.314
= -0.5 (10.1–1) L atm
Dng = 2 – (2+5)
= – 5
= -0.5 × 9.1 L atm

DH = DE + DngRT
= -4.55 L atm
DH – DE = –5 × R × 300
= -4.55 × 100 J
X
= 455 J \ R = -1500 = -1.5 × 103
Now, DE = q + w = 250 - 455 = -205 J 13. Melting of ice is an endothermic process even at
260K
6. DE = 0 for isothermal processes.
14. Second law
7. q = 100 kJ
1 15. Irreversible processes are spontaneous. Hence,
w = - 2 (1 + 2) × 1 × 105 J DSuniv > 0.
= - 150 kJ
16. The entropy of universe tends towards maximum for

\ DU = q + w = -50 kJ all natural process as they are all spontaneous.
8. DE = nCV (T2 – T1) = w 17. Larger molecules of protien break down resulting in

\ 3000 = 20 (300 – T1) an increase in entropy.
20T1 = 3000 18. Hydrogen being a gas has highest entropy.

\ T1 = 150K 19. Ssolid < Sliq < Sgas ⇒ Ice is the least random state of
9. DH = DE + DngRT H2O.
10. A(g) + B(g) → C(g) + D(g) 20. At B.P. H2O(l) and H2O(v) are in equilibrium.
Dng = (1 + 1) – (1 + 1) = 0 3 H vap 186.5
\ DSvap = T ⇒ DSvap = 273 = 0.5 JK-1.
B. P .

\ DH = DE
21. As no. of moles of gas decreases, thus S decreases.
2 Chapter Test : NEET
22. DG = 0 at equilibrium. 37. For a formation reaction, 1 mole of the substance
should be formed from its constituent elements in
23. DG = 0 during phase transition under normal
their standard elemental states.
conditions.
38. CaO(s) + H2O → Ca(OH)2(s) DH18oC = -15.26 kcal
24. Entropy of perfect crystals is 0 at 0K not 273 K.
25. Third law helps to predict absolute volues of S. H2O(l) → H2(g) + 1 O2(g) H18oC = 68.37
2
1
26. DG = DH – TDS Ca(s) + 2 O2(g) → CaO(s) DH18oC= –151.80 kcal
If DH > 0 and DS < 0 (1) – (2) + (3) gives
Then DG must be > 0 Ca(s) + H2 + O2(g) → Ca(OH)2
\ Process is non-spontaneous.
\ DHf (Ca(OH)2) = DH1 + DH3 – DH2
27. CO2(g) + C(s) → 210(g) = –15.26 – 151.80 – 68.37 = –235.43

DH = +170 kJ DS = 170 J K–1 15
39. C6H6(l) + 2 O2 (g) → 6CO2(g) + 3H2O(g)

DG < 0 spontaneous Dng = (6 + 3) – (0 + 0.75) = 1.5

DG = DH – TDS 1.5 × 8.3 × 300
DH – DE = 1000 = 3.74 kJ
DG = 170 × 10+3 – T × 170 < 0
40. NH4NO3(s) → N2O(g) + 2H2O DH = –37 kJ/mole
170 × 103
T > 170 = 1000 K
M.W. of NH4NO3 = 80
Thus only (d) among given options. Energy released from combustion of 80g = –37kJ/mole
28. Possible → spontaneous at all temperatures 2.5
\ 2.5 gm releases = 37 × 80 = 1.16 kJ
29. Both DH and DS are positive
41. BaCl2(s) → Ba2+ -
(aq) + 2Cl (aq) DH sol. = –a kJ
30. DG = DH – TDS BaCl2 . 2H2O (s) → Ba2+ + 2Cl-(aq) DH sol. = b kJ
(aq)

DG = –5.2 kJ/mole BaCl2 → BaCl2.2H2O DH = (-a-b) kJ

DH = 145.6 kJ/mole
42. HA + OH(–) → H2O + A(–) + q1 kJ ........(1)
DS = –216 J K–1 mole

H(+) + OH(–) → H2O + q2 KJ ........(2)
DH = DH – TDS
H2O → H(+) + OH(–) –q2 KJ ........(3)
T × 216
–5.2 = 145.6 – 1000 (1) + (3) gives
T = 698 K = 425oC HA + OH(–) → H2O + A(–) + (q1 - q2) kJ
31. DHof for compounds may be positive or negative
\ DH = (q2 - q1) kJ
32. Hess’s law : Definition. 43. Weaker an acid, lesser is the heat released during
33. DH depends only on initial and final states of the its neutralization with a strong base. Since, heat
substances as it is a state function. released by ‘b’ is least, thus, it is the weakest acid.

34. DHof may be +ve or -ve.
35. The energy produced from combustion of 1 mole
CH4 is called combusion energy of CH4.
Here, energy released from 4gm = 2.5 kcal
energy released from 16gm = 4 × 2.5 = 10 kcal
44. DHneut of (SA + SB) = -57.1
DHneut (HCN + NaOH) = - 13.3
\ Hdiss of HCN = - 13.3 + 57.1 = 43.8 kJ/mol
45. As the amount of acid and base taken are half in this
case, so is the amount of heat released.

1 3
However, as the total volume of solution whose
36. 2 N2(g) + 2 H2(g) → NH3(g) DH = -46 kJ/mol temperature rises is also half therefore the rise in
Formation of 1 mole NH3 liberates 46 kJ temperature is the same.

\ For 4 mole NH3 DH = –4 × 46
= –184 kJ/mole