Laboratory Exercise in Drug Delivery System

Divided Powders

Powders are mixture of finely divided drugs or chemicals in a dry form for internal or external
use. They have good stability than liquids and are useful for bulky drugs with large doses.

Objective
- To prepare divided powders

Materials
- Salt (in lieu of aspirin) Flour (in lieu of lactose)
- Weighing scale White paper
- Mortar and pestle (use an alternative that is available in your home)
- Pill tile (use an alternative that is available in your home)
- Spatula

To make 10 paper tabs

Formula
Aspirin--------------------------------3g
Lactose-------------------------------5g

Procedure
1. Weigh the aspirin and lactose accurately
2. Triturate the two powders
3. Mix the two ingredients using spatulation method
4. Place the powders on a pill tile and use block and divide method, making sure
they are equal in thickness and in height
5. Divide into required quantity
6. Wrap in individual white paper
7. Place in appropriate container
8. Label the container
Laboratory Exercise in Drug Delivery System

Worksheet

Name: TATTAO RAISA LOUISE G Date: ____________

Group Number: _______________________________ Score: ____________

Divided Powders

Synonym:

Use of the Preparation

Formula for 250 ml

Ingredient Quantity Physical Description Use in formula
 White in color
ASPIRIN 3g  Crystalline form Active Ingredient
 Odourless
 White in color
LACTOSE 5g  Hard crystalline Diluent
 Powder
 Odourless

Computation

 Aspirin 3g/8g x 10 paper tabs = 3.75 paper tabs

 Lactose 5g/8g x 10 paper tabs = 6.25 paper tabs

Method of Preparation: Trituration and Spatulation Method

Appropriate Container for the Preparation: Simple Box Container

Description of the Finished Product: ASPIRIN

Recommended Storage Condition: Box container

Laboratory Exercise in Drug Delivery System

Questions
1. In preparing powders, what are the steps to be followed?

In preparing powders, there are steps that needs to be follow. First, To avoid
stratification, all ingredients particle sizes should be reduced to the same range. Second
one, is Sieving, And third, Weighing of each ingredient or measuring the desired
amount of each ingredients as indicated, and at last we have Mixing.

2. Comminution is an important process in the preparation of powders. Which comminution

technique is applied in this exercise?

When the particle size of a powder is reduced, the particle size distribution becomes
more uniform.  The process of reducing the particle size is called comminution. And in
Extemporaneous Compoundin, The comminution technique that is being applied is the
Trituration Metho. Wherein, The powder is continuously rubbed or ground in a mortar
using a pestle. When working with hard, fracturable powders, this approach is used.

3. What advantages do powders offer as to compared to other dosage forms?

Powders are dry mixtures of finely split medicinal and non-medicinal ingredients
intended for internal or exterior application in solid dosage forms.
The advantage of powders compared to other dosage form are the following: There are
several substances to choose from, and the dose may be readily calculated for patient
administration. When compared to liquid dosage forms, powders have higher
physicochemical stability and a longer shelf life. Powders may be more palatable to
children and adults who have difficulty swallowing tablets or capsules. Powder can be
used to administer a big dose that cannot be given in any other way. Powder dosage
form manufacturing is cost effective, hence product costs are low when compared to
other dosage forms. Powders give you a number of options when it comes to mixing
substances.

4. What instructions are to be given to patient on the proper administration of powders?

The directions or recommendations that are commonly provided of powder is that it

should be consumed directly with water or another suitable beverage. Also, shake the
bottle until all of the powder is evenly distributed. Allow the suspension to sit for 2-5
minutes to clear the bottle of air bubbles. Open the cap and carefully pour water into
the bottle until the final marking on the bottle is reached.

Conclusion

The goal of this laboratory exercise is to manufacture aspirin and determine the purity of the
resulting product. The actual yield percentage of the reaction might be determined by
calculating the theoretical yield based on the original amount of Aspirin and Lactose.
Laboratory Exercise in Drug Delivery System