Name of Learner: _____________________ Date: ________________

Grade Level: _________________________ Section: ______________

4th quarter - Learning Activity Sheet

Week 6
MELC# 49: Count the number of occurrences of an outcome in an experiment using table, systematic listing, tree
diagram, and fundamental counting principle.

Systematic Listing - is the process of getting the sample space

of an experiment where the outcome of an event is listed
systematically or in an organized manner.

Example 1: Consider a Club N with five members:

N = [Andy, Bill, Cathy, David, Evelyn] or as a shortcut,
N = [A, B, C, D, E]
In how many ways can this group select a president (assuming all members are eligible)?

The task in this case is to select one of the five members as president. It is a One-part task.
There are five possible results: {A, B, C, and D, E.}
Example 2: For tossing a single six-sided die, the typical sample space is {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6} (in which the
result of interest is the number of pips facing up). This method is one-part tasks; the results for simple tasks
consisting of one part can often be listed easily.

Grid Table – gives us excellent visual displays of sample

spaces. It consists of columns and rows that represent separate
types of events. Grid table is helpful when the experiment is a
two part tasks.

Example 2: Determine the number of two-digit numbers that can be written using digits from the set (1, 2, and
3).
This task consists of two parts: choose a first digit and choose a second digit. The results for a two-part
task can be pictures in a product table such as Table 1. From the table we obtain our list of possible results:
11, 12, 13, 21, 22, 23, 31, 32, and 33. There are nine possibilities.
Table 1
Second digit
1 2 3
First digit 1 11 12 13
2 21 22 23
3 31 32 33

Example 3: Find the number of ways that club N of Example 1 (Lesson 1) can elect both a president and a
secretary. Assume that all members are eligible, but that no one can hold both offices.
Again, the required task has two parts: determine the president and determine the secretary. Constructing
table 2 gives us the following list (where, for example, AB denotes president A and secretary B, While BA
denotes President B and secretary A):
{AB, AC, AD, AE, BA, BC, BD, BE, CA, CB, CD, CE, DA, DB,
DC, DE, EA, EB, EC, ED}
Notice that certain entries are omitted from the table, since the cases AA, BB, and so on would imply one
person holding both offices. Altogether, there are twenty possibilities.
 Table 2 selecting two officers
Secretary
A B C D E
A AA AB AC AD AE
B BA BB BC BD BE
President C CA CB CC CD CE
D DA DB DC DD DE
E EA EB EC ED EE

Tree diagram – is a graphic organizer used to list all

possibilities of a sequence of events in a systematic way.

Example: The number of three-digit numbers that can be written using digits from the set {1, 2, 3}, assuming
that repeated digits are allowed. The task of constructing such a number has three parts: select the first digit,
select the second digit, and select the third digit.

As we move from left to

right through the tree
diagram in Figure 1, the
tree branches at the first
stage to all possibilities
for the first digit.

Finally, the third-

stage branching
shows the third-
digit possibilities
Then each first-stage
branch again branches,
or splits, at the second
stage, to all possibilities
for the second digit.

You can get the total number of possible outcomes by using a tree diagram or a table; however it is time
consuming. You use the Fundamental Counting Principle to find easily the total outcomes by multiplying the
outcomes for each individual event.

 The Fundamental Principle of Counting

If one thing can occur in m ways and a second thing
can occur in n ways, and a third thing can occur in p
ways, and so on, then the sequence of things can
occur in m x n x p x … ways

Example 1: In how many ways can a boy and a girl be selected from a group of 5 boys and 4 girls?

Solution: The boys can be selected in 5 ways while the girls can be selected in 4 ways. Hence: 5 times 4 = 20
ways

Example 2: A and E Bakery serves two desserts; a cake and a pie. They also serve three beverages:
coffee, tea, and juice. Suppose you choose one dessert and one beverage. How many possible
outcomes are there?

Solution:

There are six possible outcomes.

Using the Fundamental Principle of Counting, we have:
No. of Desserts x No. of Beverages = No. of Possible Outcomes

2 x 3 = 6

Learning Task 1:

Read and understand the question carefully. Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. Suppose you toss a fair coin four times, how many possible outcomes are there?

A. 4 B. 8 C. 16 D. 32

2. Xander got coins from his pocket which accidentally rolled on the floor. If there were 16 probable
outcomes, how many coins fell on the floor?

A. 3 B. 4 C. 8 D.16

3. You decided to order a pizza but you have to choose the type of crust and the toppings. If there are
only 8 possible combinations of ordering a pizza, from which of the following should you choose from?

A. Crust: thin or deep dish

Topping: cheese or pepperoni
B. Crust: thin or deep dish
Topping: cheese, bacon or pepperoni
C. Crust: thin or deep dish
Topping: cheese, bacon, sausage and pepperoni
D. Crust: thin or deep dish
Topping: cheese, bacon, sausage, pepperoni and hotdog

4. In a restaurant, you have a choice of one main dish, one vegetable, and one drink. The main dish
choices are pork and chicken meat. The vegetable choices are broccoli, cabbage and “pinakbet”. The
drink choices are “buko” juice, soft drinks or water. How many dinners are possible?

A. 8 B. 12 C. 18 D. 24

5. Which of the following is FALSE?

A. The probability of rolling 3 in a die is 1 6

B. Flipping a coin thrice has 3 possible outcomes.
C. Answering a true/false type question has two possible outcomes.
D. The probability of getting a head when a coin is tossed once can be expressed as 1/ 2, 0.5 or 50%.

Learning Task 2:
 I’ M DREAMING OF A NEW LAPTOP

Analyze carefully the problem, then answer what is asked for. One of your dreams is to have a new laptop.
You went to a laptop dealer and he gave you the following options. How many available laptop could you
choose from?
BRANDS:

C A R E
Colors: Black (B), Green (G), Pink (P),
Models: Y, Z

Questions:
1. How many brands are there? Answer:

2. How many colors are available? Answer:

3. How many models are given? Answer:

4. Show the tree diagram which can be used to find the total number of choices.
Draw your Tree diagram in the empty box below:

5. Based on the illustration, how many available laptops could you choose from?
Answer:

6. By doing simple calculation, how will you get the total number of choices?
Write the correct expression, then solve for the total choices.

Expression Solution

I could choose from Answer: available laptops.

Prepared by:
Maita A. Belandres
Math Teacher
Always take care and Be safe! God Bless!