VALENCE BOND THEORY

1. A covalent bond is formed between the atoms by the overlapping of orbitals containing
(A) a single electron (B) paired electron
(C) single electron with parallel spin (D) single electron with opposite spin

2. The example of the p – p orbital overlapping in the formation of

(A) H2 molecule (B) Cl2 molecule
(C) Hydrogen chloride (D) Hydrogen bromide molecule

3. The angle between the overlapping of one s – orbital and one p – orbital is
(A) 1800 (B) 1200 (C) 1090 28 (D) 900

4. Strongest covalent bond can be seen in

(A) H2 (B) O2 (C) N2 (D) Cl2

5. A  bond is formed by the overlap of

(A) s-s orbital along the inter nuclear axis
(B) p-p orbitals laterally (sidewise)
(C) p-p orbitals along their inter nuclear axis
(D) s-p orbitals along their axis

6. Generally Pi bond is formed from the lateral overlap of

(A) s-s orbitals (B) p-p orbitals (C) d-d orbitals (D) both B and C

7. The number of bonds present and the number of unpaired electrons according to valence
bond theory in O2 are
(A) 2, 2 (B) 2, 0 (C) 3, 0 (D) 0, 2

8. Which of the following provides most efficient overlap ?

(A) s – s (B) s – p (C) p – p (D) d – p

9. Molecule formed by s – s overlapping

(A) Cl 2 (B) HBr (C) H2 (D) F2

10. Which of the following plots best represents the potential energy of two H-atoms as they
approach one another to form a hydrogen molecule.

A) B) C) D)

11. The bond having the highest bond energy is:

A) C C B) C S C) C O D) P N

12. Which of the following combination of orbitals do/does not form bond (if x-axis is inter-
nuclear axis)?
A) s  p z B) s  s C) p z  p x D) dxy  py

13. PCl5 exists but NCl5 does not because

A) Nitrogen has no vacant 2d-orbitals B) N and Cl have almost same EN
C) N-atom is much smaller than P –atom D) Nitrogen is highly inert
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14. A sigma bond may be formed by the overlap of two atomic orbitals of atoms A and B. If the
bond is formed along the x-axis, which of the following overlaps is acceptable ?
A) s orbitals of A and pz orbital of B B) p x orbital of A and p y orbital of B
C) pz orbitals of A and p x orbital of B D) p x orbital of A and s orbital of B

15. The strength of bonds s – s, p – p, s – p overlap is in the order.

A) s – s < s – p<p – p B) s – s < p – p < s –p
C) s – p < s – s < p – p D) p – p < s – s < s – p

16. Which of the following atomic overlapping are not allowed?

(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)

(v)

(A) All B) (i) (ii) (iii) C) (i) (iii) (v) D) (ii) only

17. In which of the following molecules, bonding is not taking place in excited state :
A) CH4 B) BF3 C) IF7 D) PCl3

18. The fluorine molecules is formed by:

A) p-p orbitals (sideways overlap) B) p-p orbitals (end to end overlap)
C) s-p orbitals D) s-s orbitals

19. Which of the following overlaps is incorrect (assuming z-axis is inter-nuclear axis)?
A) 2py  2Py    Bond formation B) 2px  2px   Bond formation
C) 3dxy  3d xy    Bond formation D) 2s  2py    Bond formation
E) 2pz  2pz   Bond formation
A) A,B,C B) C,E C) B,D D) B,C,D

20. Assuming pure 2s and 2p orbitals of carbon are used in forming CH4 molecule, which of
the following statement is false?
A) Three C-H bonds will be at right angle
B) One C-H bond will be weaker than other three C-H bonds
C) The shape of molecule will be tetrahedral
D) The angle of C-H bond formed by s-s overlapping will be uncertain with respect to other
three bonds.

21. Which of the following statements is incorrect for sigma and  -bonds formed between two
carbon atom?
A) Sigma-bond is stronger than a  -bond
B) Bond energies of sigma and  -bond are of the order of 264 kJ/mol and 347 kJ/mol
C) Free rotation of surrounding atoms about a sigma-bond is allowed but not is case of a 
-bond
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D) Sigma-bond determines the direction between carbon atoms but a  -bond has no
primary effect in this regard.

Multiple correct option:

22. A  - bond may be formed between two p x orbitals containing one unpaired electron each
when they approach each other appropriately along:
A) x- axis B) y- axis C) z-axis D) any direction

23. pi bond results due to overlap of :

A) d xy and p y along x – axis B) dx2  y2 and p y along x – axis
C) d xy and p x along y – axis D) dx2  y2 and p y along y – axis

24. Which pair of elements can form multiple bond with itself and oxygen?
A) F, N B) N, S C) N, P D) N, C

25. Which of the following statements is incorrect?

A) A  -bond is weaker than a  -bond B) there are four co-ordinate bonds in the NH4 ions
C) The covalent bond is directional in nature D) HF is less polar than HCl

26. Py -orbital can not form  -bond by lateral overlap with:

A) d xz -orbital B) d x2  y2 -orbital C) d xy -orbital D) p z -orbital

27. Select correct statement(s) regarding  and  -bond:

A)  -bond lies on the line joining the nuclei of bonded atoms
B)  -electron cloud lies on either side to the line joining the nuclei of bonded atoms
C)  2p  3d   bond is stronger than  2p  3p   bond .
D)  -bond has primary effect to decide direction of covalent bond, while  -bond has no
primary effect in direction of bond.

28. Consider the following three orbitals:

z z
z y
y
x x y

(i) (ii) (iii)

Correct statement(s) regarding given information is/are:

A) Orbitals (i) and (ii) can never from any type of covalent bond
B) If inter-nuclear axis is ‘x’, then combination of (ii) and (iii) orbitals can form   bond
C) Orbital (iii) can form  -bond with other orbital having same orientation of lobes
D) If inter-nuclear axis is ‘x’, then combination of (i) and (iii) orbitals can form  -bond

PASSAGE : I
Consider the formation of and H2 molecule when two H atoms come together. As the atoms
approach the each other and a bond forms, they are subjected to an attractive force. This
force results from the fact that when they are close together the two atoms have lower
energy than when they are far apart. It is as if the atoms were connected by a spring that
pulled them together toward a region of lower potential energy. Quantum mechanical
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methods allow is to calculate this energy as a function of the distance between the two
nuclei. The following figure shows this energy for a pair of H-atoms forming an H 2
molecule, (per 1 mole).
The most stable configuration of the H2 molecule would correspond to the bottom of the
energy curve. Its equilibrium bond energy would be given by the value called ‘  e ’ and the
equilibrium bond distance of the H2 molecule given by ‘ re ’ However no real H2 molecules
can sit at the bottom of its energy curve. According to one of the principles of quantum
mechanics, all molecules vibrate back and forth at least a little bit. The lowest possible
energy for real H2 molecules shown by average bond energy is given by ‘  0 ’

29. Bond formation is

A) always exothermic B )always endothermic
C) may be exothermic or endothermic D) neither exothermic nor endothermic

30. As attraction forces between constituent atoms increases during formation of molecule,
potential energy
A)decreases B)increases
C)remains constant D)increases and remains constant

31. According to valence bond theory, in H2 molecule the two electrons posses the following
spin
A) ↑↑ B) ↓↓ C) ↑↓ D) any of these

32. According to valence bond theory the bond formed in H2 is

A) 1s 1s B)  1s 2 s C)  1 p 2 p D)  2 s 2 p

Integer Type :
33. Sum of p - d bonds in SO2 g  and SO3 g  is ………

34. Select the number of orbitals which can produce “” bond when overlap with an s-orbital.

Key:

1. D 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. D 7. B
8. C 9. C 10. A 11. A 12. C 13. A 14. D
15. A 16. B 17. D 18. B 19. C 20. C 21. B
22. BC 23. AC 24. BD 25. ABD 26. ABD 27. ABD 28. AB
29. A 30. A 31. C 32. A 33. 3 34. 0