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ELDERLY HOUSING IN BHUBANESWAR Bachelor of Architecture

Thesis · May 2019

DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.26326.50246

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ELDERLY HOUSING IN BHUBANESWAR

Thesis submitted in partial fulfilment

of the requirements for the degree of
Bachelor of Architecture

By
Archana Mohanty
(Roll Number: 114AR0033)

Under the supervision of

Prof. Khuplianlam Tungnung

May 9th, 2019

Department of Planning and Architecture
National Institute of Technology Rourkela

i
 Certificate of Examination

Roll Number: 114AR0033

Name: Archana Mohanty
Title of thesis: Retirement Housing Community

We the below signed, after checking the thesis mentioned above of the student, hereby
state our approval of the thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the
degree of Bachelor of Architecture at National Institute of Technology Rourkela. We are
satisfied with the volume, quality, correctness, and originality of the work.

------------------------------------
Supervisor

------------------------------------ ------------------------------------
External Examiner External Examiner

ii
Department of Planning and Architecture

Supervisor’s Certificate

This is to certify that the work presented in the thesis entitled Retirement Housing
Community at Bhubaneswar submitted by Archana Mohanty, Roll Number 114AR0033, is
a record of original work carried out by him/her under my supervision and guidance in
partial fulfilment of the requirements of the degree of Bachelor of Architecture.

------------------------------------
Supervisor

iii
Declaration of Originality

I, Archana Mohanty, Roll Number 114AR0033 hereby declare that this thesis entitled
Retirement Community at Bhubaneswar presents my original work carried out as a under
graduate student of NIT Rourkela and to the best of my knowledge, contains no material
previously published or written by another person, nor any material presented by me for
the award of any degree or diploma of NIT Rourkela or any other institution. Any
contribution made by others, is explicitly acknowledged in the thesis. Works of other
authors cited in this thesis have been duly acknowledged under the sections “Reference”
or “Bibliography”.

------------------------------------
Date:
NIT Rourkela

iv
 Acknowledgment
First, I am deeply obligated to Dr. Khuplianlam Tungnung my advisor and guide, for the
motivation, guidance, tutelage and patience throughout the research work. I appreciate his broad
range of expertise and attention to detail, as well as the constant encouragement he has given me
over the years.

My sincere thanks to Prof. Basudatta Sarkar HOD of Department of Planning and Architecture,
NIT Rourkela for providing valuable co-operation and needed advice generously all along my
B.Arch. degree study.

I would also like to thank Chandan Singh and Shuvam Kumar of Ashiana Shubham in Chennai for
helping me out with the case study of the project by providing me with various information and
details about the project, which helped me a lot with the thesis.

I also want to deliver sincere thanks to all my friends and supporting juniors for their cooperation
and indispensable belief, which made this project work smooth. Last but not the least, my parents
for the blessing that has been imparted upon me by them in all my endeavours.

May 10, 2019

NIT Rourkela
Archana Mohanty
114AR0033

v
 Abstract
From ancient times, the elderly have always found a revered place in the families where all live
together. With changing times, the joint families are replaced by nuclear families and the current
generation of old, people do not want to be dependent on their family members. The concept
behind old age homes are to cater for the physiological and psychological needs of the elderly. To
provide good living environments to the old people, creating a friendly and family like atmosphere
where they can share their joys, sorrows and live happily to make the space more comfortable for
the users. It is all about increasing the living quality of people in it through various design
strategies. The aim of the paper is to understand the psychology of the elderly associated with the
spaces, and design those spaces so that they live a comfortable life and increase social interaction.
With age the elderly start facing various psychological ailments like dementia, clinical depression,
diminishing senses etc. Designing the spaces elderly should help them to cope up with these
ailments. Designing on the basis factors like the spatial organization, sensory experience, sense of
place, and the nature surrounding the elderly help in shaping up a perfect home for them. The
various design strategies and topics like lighting, biophilic design, and color theory which all
demand attention when thoughtfully design and shape in interior environment for the elderly.
With age, the elderly faces various physiological ailments like muscular skeletal problems,
respiratory problems etc. due to which it is difficult to continue with the normal life. Certain design
strategies can help the elderly to cope up with physiological problems they face.

Keywords: Biophilia, Sensory Experience, Psychological comfort, Physiological comfort

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CONTENTS
Abstract ........................................................................................................................................... vi
TABLE OF FIGURES ........................................................................................................................... ix
LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................................................. x
1. RESEARCH DESCRIPTION AND OBJECTIVE:- .................................................................................. 1
1.1 INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 AIMS & OBJECTIVE.................................................................................................................. 1
1.2.1 AIM:- ................................................................................................................................ 1
1.2.2 OBJECTIVES:-.................................................................................................................... 1
1.2.3 METHODOLOGY ............................................................................................................... 1
2. LITERATURE STUDY ....................................................................................................................... 3
2.1 BIOPHILIA HYPOTHESIS........................................................................................................... 3
2.2 BARRIER FREE DESIGN ............................................................................................................ 4
3. DISSERTATION .............................................................................................................................. 8
3.1 History of old age care in India .............................................................................................. 8
3.2 Problem with current old age homes .................................................................................... 8
3.3 Design strategies as per physiological needs of elderly ........................................................ 8
DESIGN STRATEGIES ................................................................................................................. 9
4. CASE STUDIES ............................................................................................................................. 11
4.1 SECONDARY CASE STUDIES .................................................................................................. 11
4.1.1 TSUKAGUCHI SENIOR HOUSING COMMUNITY, OSAKA, JAPAN .................................... 11
4.2 PRIMARY CASESTUDIES ...................................................................................................... 13
4.2.1 ASHIANA SHUBHAM ...................................................................................................... 13
5. SURVEY AND ANALYSIS .............................................................................................................. 17
5.1 SITE SELECTION AND SURVEY ............................................................................................... 17
5.1.1 Criterias for choosing the site........................................................................................ 17
5.1.2 About the site ................................................................................................................ 17
5.2 CLIMATE ANALYSIS ............................................................................................................... 20
5.3 SITE ZONING ......................................................................................................................... 23
5.3.1 Accessibility ................................................................................................................... 23
5.3.2 NOISE ............................................................................................................................. 23
5.3.3 WIND ............................................................................................................................. 24
5.3.4 VIEWS ............................................................................................................................ 24
6. SUMMARY OF DESIGN GUIDELINES ........................................................................................... 25
7. AREA PROGRAMMING................................................................................................................ 27
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 7.1 CALCULATION FOR NO. OF RESIDENTIAL UNITS .................................................................. 27
7.2 CENTRAL DINING AND KITCHEN .......................................................................................... 30
................................................................................................................................................... 30
8. SPACE SYNTAX ANALYSIS ........................................................................................................... 34
8.1 BUBBLE DIAGRAM ................................................................................................................ 34
8.2 PROXIMITY CHART ............................................................................................................... 36
9. CONCEPT GENERATION.............................................................................................................. 39
10. DESIGN DEVELOPMENT ........................................................................................................... 40
....................................................................................................................................................... 40
10.1 1 BHK .............................................................................................................................. 41
....................................................................................................................................................... 41
....................................................................................................................................................... 41
10.2 2 BHK .................................................................................................................................. 42
10.3 3 BHK .................................................................................................................................. 43
10.4 DINING HALL ...................................................................................................................... 44
10.5 CLUBHOUSE ....................................................................................................................... 44
10.6 VIEWS ................................................................................................................................. 46
................................................................................................................................................... 48
10.7 INTERIOR VIEWS................................................................................................................. 50
....................................................................................................................................................... 51
11. AREA STATEMENT .................................................................................................................... 52
12.CONCLUSIONS ........................................................................................................................... 54
12. REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................. 55

viii
TABLE OF FIGURES
Figure 1 Methodology Chart............................................................................................................. 2
Figure 2 Attributes of various Biophilic elements (Clancy, J.O. 2014).............................................. 4
Figure 3 Minimum Slope and material palette of the ramps ........................................................... 5
Figure 4 Handrails and grab rails along corridors ............................................................................. 5
Figure 5 Width of corridors .............................................................................................................. 6
Figure 6 Height of different controls for a wheelchair user ............................................................. 6
Figure 7 Bathroom layouts ............................................................................................................... 7
Figure 8 Ground floor plan ............................................................................................................. 11
Figure 9 Residential block entrance with ramps ............................................................................ 13
Figure 10 Walkways with special pavements ................................................................................. 13
Figure 11 Emergency Response System in bedroom and bathroom in case of accidents and
illness .............................................................................................................................................. 14
Figure 12 LPG piped supply rather than cylinder .......................................................................... 14
Figure 13 Age friendly fittings and finishes ................................................................................... 14
Figure 14 Plan of 2BHK and 3BHK .................................................................................................. 14
Figure 15 Landscaped areas with beautiful designed pathways and seating with handrails ........ 15
Figure 16 Selected site for the project ........................................................................................... 17
Figure 17 Selected site and the landuse map for it ........................................................................ 18
Figure 18 Picture of site from different angles & different elements of site ................................. 18
Figure 19 Map showing connectivity to nearest hospitals ............................................................. 19
Figure 20 Map showing connectivity to nearest airport and railway station ................................ 19
Figure 21 Map showing connectivity to nearest banks .................................................................. 20
Figure 22 Shows the S.W.O.T Analysis of the site .......................................................................... 20
Figure 23 Sun path diagram and graph showing hourly temperature in every month ................. 21
Figure 24 Graph of precipitation and humidity ............................................................................. 21
Figure 25 Wind rose diagram for Bhubaneswar............................................................................. 22
Figure 26 Zoning on the basis of accessibility ................................................................................ 23
Figure 27 Zoning on the basis of noise .......................................................................................... 23
Figure 28 Zoning on the basis of view ............................................................................................ 24
Figure 29 Zoning on the basis of wind ............................................................................................ 24
Figure 30 Final zones their characteristics and the spaces designated to them............................ 24
Figure 31 Flowchart showing conventional kitchen with direct meal delivery .............................. 30
Figure 32 Bubble Diagram showing relationship between different zone..................................... 34
Figure 33 Bubble diagram for the administrative zone .................................................................. 35
Figure 34 Bubble Diagram for central kitchen ............................................................................... 35
Figure 35 Bubble Diagram for Recreational zone and healthcare centre ...................................... 36
Figure 36 Proximity Chart for administrative zone ........................................................................ 36
Figure 37 Proximity Chart for Central Dining ................................................................................. 37
Figure 38 Proximity Chart for Recreational areas .......................................................................... 37
Figure 39 Proximity Chart for Healthcare zone .............................................................................. 38
Figure 40 Siteplan ........................................................................................................................... 40
Figure 41 Typical Floorplan and Axial View .................................................................................... 41
Figure 42 1BHK Elevations .............................................................................................................. 41
Figure 43 Section ............................................................................................................................ 41
Figure 44 Section of the 2 BHK and axial view of the unit ............................................................. 42
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Figure 45 2 BHK Floorplans ............................................................................................................ 42
Figure 46 2 BHK Elevation .............................................................................................................. 42
Figure 47 3 BHK Floorplans ............................................................................................................ 43
Figure 48 3 BHK Elevations ............................................................................................................ 43
Figure 49 3 BHK Section ................................................................................................................ 43
Figure 50 Floorplans of the dining hall .......................................................................................... 44
Figure 51 Elevation of the Dining hall ............................................................................................ 44
Figure 52 Section and axial view of the dining hall ........................................................................ 44
Figure 53 Floorplans of the Clubhouse .......................................................................................... 45
Figure 54 Section............................................................................................................................ 45
Figure 55 Elevations ....................................................................................................................... 45
Figure 56 Open air temporary theatre........................................................................................... 46
Figure 57 Children's Park ............................................................................................................... 46
Figure 58 View of path leading to residential zone ....................................................................... 47
Figure 59 View between two residences ....................................................................................... 47
Figure 60 View of Meditation/Yoga hall with adjoining Zen garden ............................................. 48
Figure 61 View of koi pond from the deck of the Tea Pavilion ...................................................... 48
Figure 62 View of pathway through the central garden ................................................................ 49
Figure 63 View of Compound between two buildings................................................................... 49
Figure 64 View of the kitchen and the bedroom ........................................................................... 50
Figure 65 View of the Seating area inside the block ...................................................................... 50
Figure 66 View of the central garden from the restaurant ........................................................... 51
Figure 67 View of the living room overlooking private gardens .................................................... 51

LIST OF TABLES
Table 1 Area Programming for residential zone ............................................................................ 28
Table 2 Area Programming for Recreational area ......................................................................... 29
Table 3 Area Programming of Administrative zone ....................................................................... 31
Table 4 Area Programming of central kitchen ............................................................................... 31
Table 5 Area Programming of healthcare zone ............................................................................. 32
Table 6 Toilet calculations.............................................................................................................. 33
Table 7 Area of different residential units ..................................................................................... 52
Table 8 Area of Dining Area ........................................................................................................... 52
Table 9 Area of Clubhouse ............................................................................................................. 53

x
1. RESEARCH DESCRIPTION AND OBJECTIVE:-
1.1 INTRODUCTION
From ancient times, the elderly have always found a revered place in the families where all live
together. With changing times, the joint families are replaced by nuclear families and the current
generation of old, people do not want to be dependent on their family members. Staying in their
own houses makes then lonely by themselves which results in depression. Retirement housing gives
them the sense of ownership of their own house but at the same time caters to their various need.
Retirement housing community is a type of housing which houses the senior citizen after
retirement or after a given age to aid their living with special design elements in the coming years.
These housing provides the elderly with the privacy and independence as well as providing them
with a holistic environment where they can interact with people of their age group and stay busy
with various activities that promote their psychological as well as physiological health. Architects
and designers need to incorporate ways to release stress and encourage relaxation into their
conceptualization of a given built environment, especially when it comes to creating living spaces
for the elderly. Factors such as lighting, biophilic design, and color theory all needs to be
incorporated when thoughtfully designing and shaping the interior environment for the elderly.

1.2 AIMS & OBJECTIVE

1.2.1 AIM:-
The aim of the paper is to rethink the socio cultural context of home for elderly from a new
perception and understanding the psychological and physiological needs for elderly.

1.2.2 OBJECTIVES:-
 To study safety environment for the elderly
 To study proper medical facilities to the elderly. At that age the old people start facing
various psychological illness like dementia, mental depression problems etc. For which
they need proper care and nursing facilities at their beck and call
 To study comfort of the elderly. It is done by providing a home like environment to the
 elderly where they feel independent and have their privacy as they have in their own
 home.
 Increased social interaction –reducing psychological depression through Biophilia.

1.2.3 METHODOLOGY
“Strategy and flow of research activities, are in parallel, cyclic or in series. The methodology in this
paper could be effectively applied in any region. The results of such a series of research activities
shows passive design techniques adaptable to the region studied.” (Tungnung, 2016). The
methodology involves first involves the survey and analysis of for the thesis project which involves
literature case studies from various secondary sources and look into various bye laws and universal
design and then research on the dissertation topic was done. Based on the researches and various
case studies inferences, and insights are drawn and a tentative area programming is carried out.
After this primary case study is done in which on site activities and functions are observed. The
usage of various spaces are also recorded. Apart from that, primary case studies also help in
obtaining user experiences, which gives a better understanding of the requirements of the project.
After the primary case studies, the information from both primary and secondary studies are
1
analysed which gives rise to the final area programming. The final area programming along with
the requirement of the project gives the total required area by the project. This also gives an idea
about how big a site we need to select. The size of the site decides the applicable byelaws. After
the site is selected, the site and climate analysis of the place is done. The site visit to the actual site
also gives an idea regarding the services that can be availed at the place. The climate of the place
also decides the climatic consideration to be taken in the project. After the analysis is done, the
concept is developed based on which project will be made. After this bubble diagram and proximity
chart is prepared which helps in deciding the relationship between different spaces. Zoning done
based on, privacy, wind; view etc. helps in allocation of space to different part of the site.

After this, the single line plans, schematic elevations and section are prepared based on zoning and
bubble diagrams. Design takes place also keeping in mind the concept of the project. After the
single lines are finalised, double line plans are prepared. The structure, sections and proper
elevation are finalised and 3D models are prepared accordingly.

Figure 1 Methodology Chart

References:-

• Tungnung, K., 2016. Bio-Interface: Biophilia, human’s innate affinity to Nature. DOI:
10.13140/RG.2.2.34630.32320
• Tungnung, K. (2016). Passive Design with Affordances – Towards Low-energy Architecture
in India. PhD Thesis, Kobe Design University, Kobe, Japan. Available [Online]: info:
ndljp/pid/10370502.

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2. LITERATURE STUDY
Literature study for the design has been on biophilic design and on barrier free design. In
addition, various primary and secondary case studies has been done.

2.1 BIOPHILIA HYPOTHESIS

Biophilic Design can be said to be an ecological design form that minimizes environmental impacts
by integrating the built environment with living processes or the natural process of the ecology.
Ecological design is an integrative ecologically responsible design discipline. Edward O. Wilson
defines Biophilia as the intuitive and innate attachment that we, humans, have with our co-
inhabitants of the planet, earth and further asserted the natural world’s superiority in terms of its
complexity and beauty as versus the human world creation. (Wilson, 1984.In: Tungnung, 2013). The
term Biophilia is derived from Greek words bio and philia meaning “Love of Life”. Erich Fromm, a
social psychologist coined the term. For a major portion of the natural human history, we were
largely a hunter-gatherer nomadic tribe co-existing with other animate and inanimate organisms in
a bio centric world. Despite the engineered comforts, the industrial age and urban civilizations had
managed to degrade human history within a very small fraction of the human civilisation’s timeline
what the bio-centric world failed to accomplish. (Beatley, T. 2009.In: Tungnung, 2013). The Biophilia
Hypothesis suggests that humans have an instinctive bond with nature and that people tend to
show a positive response when they experience a connection with nature (Biophilic design is the
design of spaces in a manner that promotes and encourages the interaction of humans with nature
and natural systems. It is the experience with nature and natural elements that a person has while
present in the natural environment. Biophilic design is the designing for people as a biological
organism, respecting the mind-body systems as indicators of health and well-being in the context
of what is locally appropriate and responsive. Biophilic Design not only helps improve human health
i.e. helps in curing both psychological and physiological health. Biophilic design also helps in
providing a sustainable environment. The classic model of sustainable development places equal
value on the economy, the environment, and society. Biophilic design strategies are flexible.

Effects of Biophilic Design on health:-

Much of the evidence for Biophilia can be linked to research in one or more of three overarching
mind-body systems – cognitive, psychological and physiological

Cognitive Functionality and Performance

 Cognitive functioning encompasses our mental agility and memory, and our ability to
think, learn and output either logically or creatively.

 Strong or routine connections with nature can provide opportunities for mental
restoration, during which time our higher cognitive functions can sometimes take a
break. As a result, our capacity for performing focused tasks is greater than someone with
fatigued cognitive resources.

Psychological Health and Well-being

 Psychological responses encompass our adaptability, alertness, attention, concentration,

and emotion and mood.

 This includes responses to nature that impact restoration and stress management.

3
  For instance, empirical studies have reported that experiences of natural environments
provide greater emotional restoration, with lower instances of tension, anxiety, anger,
fatigue, confusion and total mood disturbance than urban environments with limited
characteristics of nature. (Clancy, J.O. (2014))

Physiological Health and Well-being

 Physiological responses encompass our aural, musculoskeletal, respiratory, circadian

systems and overall physical comfort.

 Physiological responses triggered by connections with nature include relaxation of

muscles, as well as lowering of diastolic blood pressure and stress hormone (i.e., cortisol)
levels in the blood stream

 Short term stress increases in heart rate and stress hormone levels, such as caused by
encountering an unknown but complex and information-rich space, or looking over a
banister to 8 stories below, can be beneficial to regulating physiological health

Figure 2 Attributes of various Biophilic elements (Clancy, J.O. 2014)

2.2 BARRIER FREE DESIGN

CHANGE IN LEVELS

Where the change in vertical rise is more than 15 mm to 200 mm

(a) The ramp and landings shall be of contrasting colour; or

(b) A coloured band shall be painted or marked across the top and bottom levels of the ramp or
slope; alternatively, tactile warning indicators may be provided in lieu of coloured band. The
tactile indicators shall be set back 300 mm from the edge of ramp

(c) Minimum slope of ramp for wheelchair users is 1:12

4
 Figure 3 Minimum Slope and material palette of the
ramps

HANDRAILS/GRAB BARS

Handrails/grab bars are extremely important features and must be designed to be easy to grasp
and to provide a firm and comfortable grip so that the hand can slide along the` rail without
obstruction. Grab bar shall be

(a) Be slip-resistant;

(b) have a diameter of between 35 mm to 45 mm or a shape that provides an equivalent gripping

surface; and

(c) have a space of 40 mm to 50 mm between the wall and grab bar where mounted adjacent to a
wall.

Figure 4 Handrails and grab rails along corridors

ACCESSIBLE ROUTES, CORRIDORS OR PATHS

The minimum width of –

(a) An accessible route shall be 1200 mm to allow for both a wheelchair user and a walking person
to pass as shown in Figure 15 except where additional manoeuvring space, described in clause
3.8.4, is

required at doorways;

5
(b) An accessible checkout lane shall be at least 900 mm as shown in

Figure 5 Width of corridors

CONTROLS

 For locking and opening controls for window and doors should not be more than
1400mm from the finished floor usable by one hand.

 Switches for electric light and power as well as door handles and other fixtures and
fittings should be between 900 mm - 1200 mm from finished floor.

 Power point for general purpose should be fixed between 400-500 mm from the finished
floor.

Figure 6 Height of different controls for a wheelchair user

BATHROOM

 Wheelchair users should install the basin at a height and position for convenient access.
 Height of basin should be 900mm so as to comfortable use by the wheelchair users.
 Sufficient space for a wheelchair to move by 180 degrees should be provided

6
 Figure 7 Bathroom layouts

References:-

 Tungnung, K., 2016. Bio-Interface: Biophilia, humans innate affinity to Nature. DOI:
10.13140/RG.2.2.34630.32320
 Wilson, E. O., & Kellert, S. R. (1995). The Biophilia Hypothesis. Washington D.C: Island
Press

 Bureau of Indian Standards. (2005). National Building Code. Retrieved from

http://www.bis.org.in/sf/ced/CED46(8068)_26112015.pdf

 Central Public Work Department. (1998). Guidelines and space standards for barrier free
built environment for disabled and elderly. Retrieved from
http://cpwd.gov.in/Publication/aged&disabled.PDF

7
3. DISSERTATION
The topic of dissertation is Inclusive design strategies as per the psychological and
physiological behaviour of elderly and socio-cultural implications in Indian context.

3.1 History of old age care in India

The first step to provide services and facilities to the aged was taken in India in the year
1782, when the first institution of care of the aged. Monegar and Rajah of Venkatagiri in
Chennai (Madras) established it in 1840. Thereafter, David Sassion Asylum was started in
the year 1856, in the city of Pune, where the arrangements such as food, lodging and
clothing were made. The St. Mary’s home was set up by the church of North India,
Exclusively for women in 1872. “Little Sisters of Calcutta” started working in this direction,
in the year 1882 and necessary means of livelihood, medical facilities were provided to the
aged. Captain Leonard Cheshire of England has established chain of homes in this country
for the aged. He came to India in 1955 and established chain of old age homes for
aged persons with his own means and determination, in Mumbai, Pune, Dehradun,
Jamshedpur, and Calcutta. After Independence, the central and State government have
also taken necessary steps in this direction for the care and welfare of the aged. Some
state Government have started their own old age homes.

3.2 Problem with current old age homes

The old age homes or retirement homes are current trends. After being paid, they take
care of the food, accommodation, health etc. of the elderly making sure they stay
physically healthy. In today’s world, the concept of good health has evolved to include
mental health and psychological well-being. The concept behind old age homes are to
cater for the physiological and psychological needs of the elderly. To provide good living
environments to the old people, creating a friendly and family like atmosphere, which the
current retirement homes fail to give. The current old age homes are excessively
commercialised and they fail to create such environment hence, the elderly in such
homes suffer. When thought of old age homes in Indian context a negative connotation
arises. Hence, various design strategies should be adapted as per the physiological and
psychological needs of elderly.

3.3 Design strategies as per physiological needs of elderly

It can be very difficult for that individual to move around and negotiate personal space, so
designing a space with long distances between important living area and conduct everyday
activities can cause residents to become frustrated and possibly even digress more
quickly. It is the designer’s responsibility to offer users various circulation paths, which are
not lengthy designing a barrier free design to accommodate people with muscular and
skeletal problem. Horticulture is a good example of a structured activity because it not
only benefits the body physically but also mentally. Horticultural therapy has been
shown to have physiological, psychological, and social effects as it give the body required

8
 exercise and activates the five senses. People who are not physically handicapped, for
proper physical health need exercise. Designing circulation path from one place to other
such that they experience nature and while

DESIGN STRATEGIES
Spatial organisation:

 With age the way-finding ability of the elderly diminishes, proper spatial
organisation is necessary so that they find there spatial orientation. Simple
circulation layout instead of complex ones, because complex layout causes
stress and agitation among elderly

 Courtyard style arrangement of rooms, preferable as it is a simple layout and

the courtyard offers a co-mingling space to the elderly

 The entry should be screened from the residents because it causes agitation
among the residents to escape the facility.

Sensory experience

Light:-

 Use of natural light for illumination

 Natural light also helps regulate human circadian rhythms, which are
important to our health and mood, and regulate hormones such as
serotonin and melatonin. Improved sleep patterns have also been
linked to exposure to natural light.

 Use of daylight-mimicking LEDs to enhance cognitive functioning and improve

the health of residents with dementia.

Sensory experience

Color

 Color is another important sensory simulation as it has both an emotional and

physical impact on humans and that these impacts can be used as therapeutic
elements.

 With age the ability to distinguish color decreases with blue to yellow
spectrum being affected the most

 Warm colors are recommended to be used in the interior and furnishing

because it makes it easier to distinguish between them.

 Cool colors, pastels, grey shades should be avoided, as they are harder to
distinguish and might cause agitation due to that.

9
  Creating high contrast between different color elements within design is the
best way to enhance seniors’ ability to accommodate for their vision loss.

Material selection

 For interior works and furnishing over stimulating patterns should be avoided
as they tend to cause agitation among the elderly.

 Although hard material like vinyl, laminate, and metal are easier to cleans the
use of those should be minimum as the give the feel of an institution.

 More finer materials like wood, concrete, plaster, bricks, marble etc can be
used

 For interior works and furnishing over stimulating patterns should be avoided
as they tend to cause agitation among the elderly.

 Although hard material like vinyl, laminate, and metal are easier to cleans the
use of those should be minimum as the give the feel of an institution.

 More finer materials like wood, concrete, plaster, bricks, marble etc can be
used

Natural Environment & Landscape

 If not directly experiencing the nature, viewing the beautiful landscape helps
in reducing stress, anxiety and depression in elderly.

 To promote active use of gardens various structures activities like gardening

can be done in order to engage the elderly in something productive.

 Gardening help in making the person physically and mentally strong also
known as horticulture therapy.

 Horticultural therapy is defined as “A process utilizing plants and horticultural

activities to improve individuals’ social, educational, psychological, and
physical adjustment, thus improving their body, mind, and spirit.”(Masahiro
Toyoda,2012)

 Gardening also has the potential to encourage social interaction, with other
residents, staff, and even family. Gardening can give a sense of community
and encourage social interaction, which helps fight feelings of isolation, and
depression, which is often felt by seniors as they age.

References:-

 Browning, W.D., Ryan, C.O., Clancy, J.O. (2014). 14 Patterns of Biophilic Design. New York:
Terrapin Bright Green, LLC.

10
4. CASE STUDIES
4.1 SECONDARY CASE STUDIES
4.1.1 TSUKAGUCHI SENIOR HOUSING COMMUNITY, OSAKA, JAPAN

Figure 8 Ground floor plan

The particular development accommodates senior citizens in a lush mountainside community in

Osaka Japan and seeks to create a mixed-use environment that goes beyond the stereotypical
institutionalized housing typology for the elderly.

Legibility and Wayfinding

The main entry is along the edge of the park, which then directs the occupant through into the
arrival court that includes public facilities such as a sidewalk cafe, dining areas and clear views
into the reception/lobby lounge. Circulation between the three towers is provided through a
promenade that surrounds a central public space. A hierarchy of 'gateways' leading from one
'realm' to the next, from public to private, has been clearly articulated. The routes from the main
lobby leading to the residential zones and other public facilities appear clear and straight
forward, whereas functions such as the salon on the far east and the pool on the far
southeast corner may pose some hassle due to the distance and labyrinth of circulation one
has to travel through.

Co-mingling spaces

Co-mingling spaces exist in various parts of the building such as the entrance lobby, outdoor spill
out areas and other more formal public spaces. Additionally the circulation spaces are
articulated in a manner that creates co-mingling spaces at various intervals that also act in
certain areas as intermediate nodes leading from public to private 'realms'. The building

11
appears to have an unfolding narrative of courtyards that are used as co-mingling spaces and to
enliven the lengthy corridors and other interior functions such as the lobby, tea garden and
other more informal interior con-mingling spaces that are articulated within circulation routes.
Not only does the courtyard provide a co-mingling space, creates a closer contact with nature
and helps to articulate internal spaces but also contributes to the strengthening of weak ties.

Contact with Nature

Private gardens are incorporated where internal spaces wrap around them creating
courtyards. The use of water is used grandly in the centre of an open-air courtyard.
Overhanging the water feature lies a tearoom with floor to ceiling glazing to give the feeling of
a space floating on water. To gain entry to interior functions from the outside environment, the
occupant is guided through park as if settings with lush natural landscaping. The residence who
have to walk the furthest distance to their tower are given the opportunity to walk
internally beside the landscaped garden. Most functions appear to relate to either the
landscaped central courtyards or the lush exterior environment.

Interior

The exterior facades and interior furnishings incorporate a palette of warm colours. Natural
elements such as trees and shrubbery are also used to enhance the palette of cool colours.It
appears that a subtle yet suitable combination of warm and cool colours have been
incorporated in the scheme. This creates an atmosphere that is not overtly stimulating but
concurrently not dull and too passive. The contrasts are not used in such an array that they could
cause visual complications. Adding vibrancy to the space and give a clearer sense of depth.

Inferences

 Simple layouts to make the wayfinding for seniors easy

 Use of biophilic design in the project which helps with the physical and mental health
of a elderly
 Use of warm color palette and fine material palette to create a homelike environment
 Design of various nodes and recreational spaces along the circulation path for increased
social interaction among people
 Proper illumination in the entire building which increases the quality of living
References:-

 Omarjee, J. (2013). Care for the elderly through meaningful architecture: A proposed
intergenerational mixed-use development (Doctoral dissertation, University of KwaZulu-
Natal, 2013) (pp. 1-105). Durban. doi:10.1.1.839.2571

12
4.2 PRIMARY CASESTUDIES
4.2.1 ASHIANA SHUBHAM
It is a senior living community project that started in the year 2015 in Maramalainagar, Chennai.
It is a type of sheltered senior citizen housing. A gated community with age friendly design of
residences and entire site to support the senior citizens.

Residential Features

The residential blocks are G+3 Blocks which are wheel chair accessible. Each floor is accessible
via lifts. Entrance to the blocks have ramps making it wheelchair accessible. Walkways through
the landscaped gardens have special pavements for wheelchair users.

Figure 9 Residential block entrance with ramps Figure 10 Walkways with special
pavements

13
There three typologies of dwelling units, 1BHK, 2BHK & 3BHK. Each dwelling units have many
salient features aiding the elderly. For e.g. 2 BHK has one guest bedroom and one master bedroom
with one common toilet and other attached toilet with age friendly designs. A balcony overlooking
parks or landscaped gardens. Units are provided with flexibility to be designed by the owners. The
bedrooms are bigger than common bedrooms and are provided with Emergency Response System
in case of an accident. The kitchen counter are made wheel chair accessible and the there is a
supply of piped LPG so that they do not have to deal with lifting of heavy cylinder. The bathroom
has been designed to have all the comforts of a regular home with additional functionality and
detailing to suit the needs of the senior citizen. Ramp are provided for wheelchairs for the level
difference between the bathroom and the rooms. Arthritis-friendly fittings and grab rails for
comfort are provided in the showers and WCs. Wheel chair accessible height of fixtures are also
provided for optimum comfort. The Emergency response system in also provided in bathroom in
case of any injuries in the bathroom. Other than these features the units have anti-skid tiles across
the apartment floors, chamfered wall edges designed to prevent injuries, arthritis friendly fittings,
easy-reach, coloured light switches and night switches that swiftly bring forth the safety of light.

Figure 11 Emergency Response Figure 12 LPG piped Figure 13 Age friendly fittings and finishes
System in bedroom and bathroom in supply rather than
case of accidents and illness cylinder

Figure 14 Plan of 2BHK and 3BHK

14
Landscape Features

The site has a 6 acre landscaped area with a 2-km of jogging tracks with seating provided at every
100 metres. The lampposts provided at regular intervals have music systems attached to them
with microphones monitored by maintenance control room in case some has and accident or
injury. The seating are arranged at 100 m interval with grab rails for support. There is a water body
as a landscape feature and semi-private courtyards for each block. Kids play area are also provided
for the grandkids.

Figure 15 Landscaped areas with beautiful designed pathways and seating with handrails

Club House

It has a gym with age friendly equipments and a swimming pool with special arrangements for
water aerobics. The pool also has kid pool for their grand kids. The clubhouse also houses a
badminton court. This is provided for all the residents who do not want to or cannot make their
own food at the clubhouse. The residents are brought in from their home to the central dining hall
via battery cars. Different type of maintenance care provided, landscaping and plantation care,
garbage collection and disposal. A convenience store, which caters to the grocery, needs of the
residents there. There are scheduled transportation facilities resale and rental facility for the
residents.

INFERENCES

INCREASED SOCIAL INTERACTION –REDUCING PSYCHOLOGICAL DEPRESSION THROUGH BIOPHILIA

 The project has a clubhouse, which has provision for various games like, Squash,
Badminton, swimming pool etc. that instigates social interaction among the residents.

 The project also has 6 acres of landscaped area with 2km of jogging track and, seating
provided at every 100m

 The landscaped area provides a cool contrast to the warm colours used on the building.

PROBLEMS WITH PROJECT:-

The foremost problem with the project is its placement of Central Dining hall in the centre of the
site. The residents who have their meals at the central dining have to walk to that place or have
to travel through a battery car. Some people can get the food delivered to home, which is a
solution to the problem. The current healthcare zone in the project is not that much developed.

15
USER EXPERIENCE

People buy their own apartments and flats and stay as they would stay in their own home with all
available amenities and some more design features to make their life easier. There are better
recreational facilities and activities decided for them by an activity planner. Since they have their
own home, their kids and grandkids are allowed to stay with them whenever they visit them. Kid
centric design and facilities for the grandkids.

16
5. SURVEY AND ANALYSIS
5.1 SITE SELECTION AND SURVEY
5.1.1 Criterias for choosing the site
 The land chosen for housing an OAH should not be in a crowded/congested locality, at
the same time, it should not be in a secluded/isolated area either.

 It should be well connected by roads. This will enable the residents, workers, visitors and
all others to have easy access to and from the home.

 Good accessibility to local facilities, health services, markets, shops, educational

institutions and religious centres should be there

 Basic amenities such as water, sewage and electricity should preferably exist in the area.
It should be futuristic and be able to incorporate future amenities and needs.

 The size of the land should be large enough to permit the development of adequate
outdoor area for both active and passive recreation.

 Dimension of the land are important. A rectangular piece of land is ideal as it allows
effective space utilization.

5.1.2 About the site

Figure 16 Selected site for the project

17
 Figure 17 Selected site and the landuse map for it

This Site is located along the Chandaka-Khandagiri Road.It is located at the proximity of the Indian
Institute of Mathematics and Applications. The site comes under the residential landuse. It has a
total area of 27000 sq.m(approx). It is a plain and flat land of the with no undulations. Sal Tree
commonly found in this region. Other trees such as cashewnut, mango and eucalyptus are
commonly found in this region. The site is at the proximity of the Chandaka Forest Reserve. The
reserve has two reservoirs within it i.e. Deras Dam, Jhumka Dam which are tourist attraction spots.
The Indian elephant is the flagship species and indicative of the potential productivity of the
habitat. The Dampara Wildlife sanctuary is just 20 Kms away from the site which serves as another
tourist attraction spot

Figure 18 Picture of site from different angles & different elements of site

18
Accessibility

Site abutted along a road connecting to the Chandka-Khandagiri Road, which is currently 20m wide

 Nearest Hospital- SUM Hospital (4.4 km)

 Nearest Railway Station- Main Railway station near master canteen (11.3 km)
 Nearest Airport-Biju Pattnaik International Airport (9.7 km)
 Neighbouring Context(1km radius)
o Institute of mathematics and applications
o Triveni Academy
o Odisha Biotechnology Park
o Chandaka Forest Reserve

Proximity of different hospital:-

 SUM Hospital (4.4 km)
 Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences (9.7 km)
 Apollo Hospital (13.6 km)
 Kalinga Hospital (13.4 km)
These are some of the multi-speciality hospitals around the site. SUM hospital is a multi-speciality
hospital with a special geriatric clinic and at mere distance of 4.4 km making it appropriate hospital
for tie up with the senior citizen community for urgent emergency cases at night.

Proximity of different banks:-

 Punjab National Bank
 HDFC Bank
 SBI KIIT Branch
There are around 5-6 banks in the vicinity of the project. Transportation to these places will be
provided by the
Tourist attraction spots:-
 Nandankanan Zoological Park (16.2 km)
 Dampara Sanctuary (17 km)
 Khadagiri-Udaygiri Caves (9km)
 Deras Dam (17.4 km)
 Shikharchandi Temple (9.7 km)
 Puri Jagannath Temple (70 kms)

Figure 19 Map showing connectivity to nearest hospitals

Figure 20 Map showing connectivity to nearest airport and
railway station

19
 Figure 21 Map showing connectivity to nearest banks

S.W.O.T Analysis of the site :-

 Away from the chaos of the city this site

is located amidst the nature.

 The site is well connected to the main

city via the Chandka Khandagiri road and
is in 4 km radius of the SUM hospital
which is a multispecialty hospital.

 It is surrounded by various institution

such as the Institute of Mathematics and
Triveni academy.

 Just 9 km away from many tourist spots

of attraction like, Deras Dam,
Nandankanan Zoo, Udaygiri Caves all of
which are located within a 10 km radius

Figure 22 Shows the S.W.O.T Analysis of the site

5.2 CLIMATE ANALYSIS

CLIMATE OF BHUBANESWAR

Bhubaneswar is located on the coastal plains of Odisha (Orissa), south-west of the River Mahanadi.
It experiences typical tropical weather conditions, and succumbs to the heat and cold waves that
sweep in from north India. The summer months from March to May are hot and humid, and
temperatures often shoot past 40° C in May. The south west monsoon lashes Odisha (Orissa) in
June, bringing relief to the parched environs of Bhubaneswar. July and August receive the maximum
rainfall, which may average over 220 mm a month. Pleasant weather conditions prevail during
November in Bhubaneswar, but December and January face the chilly winds from the North North-
east at average speeds of 7 miles/hour. Temperatures drop to approximately 15°C during these
months.

20
 Figure 23 Sun path diagram and graph showing hourly
temperature in every month

Hottest months: May-June

Harshest sun: 12 pm- 3 pm

Sun angle: 50-90 degrees

INFERENCES:-

• Avoid overhead sun to enter the building during summers to avoid heat gain

• To use shading devices perpendicular to sun angle

• Vertical shading devices and jaali in the western side fenestration

• Horizontal Shading device in the southern side

Coldest months: Dec-Jan

Best Sun: 8am-11am

Sun angle: 20-40 degrees

INFERENCES:-

• Fenestrations shall allow sun to enter

Figure 24 Graph of precipitation and humidity

21
HUMIDITY AND PRECIPITATION

Most humid : Jul-Sept (80%)

Least Humid: Dec-Jan (60%)

Highest Rainfall : July

Least: February

INFERENCES

• The climate remains more than 50% humid throughout the year

• Measures shall be taken to reduce humidity, hence, taking care of increasing ventilation
systems in the building through big open windows in the direction of prevailing wind to
catalyse the process of dehumidification

Figure 25 Wind rose diagram for Bhubaneswar

In Spring-Summer prevailing winds blows from South-west. Maximise wind flow should be allowed
to enter the building to increase ventilation In Winter and monsoon maximum prevailing winds
from North-east. North-eastern winds shall be avoided to enter the building

22
5.3 SITE ZONING
5.3.1 Accessibility
The zoning has been done on the basis of the accessibility. The directly accessible part is the zone
abutting the acess road and it can be used by the public facilities like security room , Admissions
office etc. The highly accessible part can be put into semi public uses such as Recreational areas,
Maintenance Office etc. The moderately and least accessible part can be converted into private
zone such as the residential areas.

LEAST ACCESSIBLE

MODERATE ACCESSIBLE

HIGHLY ACCESSIBLE

DIRECTLY ACCESSIBLE

Figure 26 Zoning on the basis

of accessibility

5.3.2 NOISE
The zoning has been done on the basis of the NOISE. The most noisy part is the one abutting the
road and can be used by the public facilities Security Room, Admissions office etc. The moderately
noisy part can be put into semi public uses such as Maintenance Office. The least noisy can be
converted into private zone such as the residential areas and Meditation areas

Figure 27 Zoning on the basis of

noise

23
5.3.3 WIND
The wind has been divided into windy, moderate windy, not windy and undesirable wind. This
zoning would help in putting the fenestration in the appropriate position for the proper
ventilation in the project

5.3.4 VIEWS
There are two zones to it. One part will have a good view of the biotechnology park and the part
where that cannot have a proper view can be proposed to have recreational spaces with
landscaping

Figure 28 Zoning on the basis of view

Figure 29 Zoning on the basis of wind

Overlapping the previous zoning and listing them out the entire site can be divided into 4 zones
with individual characteristics of its own and the areas designated to it has been done as per
that

Figure 30 Final zones their characteristics and the

spaces designated to them

24
6. SUMMARY OF DESIGN GUIDELINES
Documents to be referred

A) CPWD GUIDELINES

B) ACCESSIBILITY CODE 2007

C) DSD DESIGN GUIDELINES FOR NURSING HOMES

D) HANDBOOK ON BARRIER FREE AND ACCESSIBILITY

E) ERNST AND PETER NEUFERT, ARCHITECT’S DATA

F) NATIONAL BUILDING CODE, 2005

G) BHUBANESWAR DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY BYELAWS

CPWD GUIDELINES
 Chapter 4- Controls, Page-11
 Chapter 9-Guiding/Warning floor material, page-46
 Chapter 12-Residential Building, page-47
 Kitchen
 Bedroom
 Living area
 Bathroom

ACCESSIBILITY CODE 2007

 3.1 Change in level, page 21

 3.2 Ramps, page 29
 3.4 Handrails/Grab bars, page 35
 3.5 Floor surfaces, page 37
 3.6 Accessible routes, corridors or paths
 3.7Doors- page 38
 3.8 Stairs, page 56
 3.9 Controls and operating mechanisms, page 61
 3.10 Seating spaces, page 64
 3.12 Illumination page 68
 4.1 General, page 69
 4.2 Individual washroom and water closet compartment door, page 70
 10.5 Signage, page 131

DSD DESIGN GUIDELINES FOR NURSING HOMES

 A.1.2 Dining Room/Food Services, Page 39-43

25
ERNST AND PETER NEUFERT’S, ARCHITECT’S DATA

 Old people accommodation, page 303-304

 Library, page 310
 Performance hall, page 478
 Cafeteria, 350
NATIONAL BUILDING CODE, 2005

 Part 4-Fire and life safety

 clause 3.1.2
 Table 19
 Table 20
 Table 21
 Clause 4.9
 Part 9-Plumbing Services
 Clause 4.1.1
 Clause 4.1.2
 Table 1
 Table 3
BHUBANESWAR DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY, BYE LAWS

 F.A.R = 2 (Clause 33.2)

 SETBACKS:
o Front= 1.5m, Rear= 4m, Sides= 4m (Clause 31 Table No. 5)
 Maximum Height :
o 15m (Clause 31 Table No. 5)
 Parking:
o 30% of Built-up (Table No. 10)
 Clause 27-Distance from electric line
 Clause 28-Plantation
 Clause 29-Means of access
 Clause 30-Minimum size of plot

References:-

 India, The Orissa Gazette, BHUBANESWAR DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY. (2008,

December 18). BHUBANESWAR DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY (PLANNING &
BUILDING STANDARDS) REGULATIONS - 2008. Retrieved January 21, 2019,
from http://bdabbsr.in/website/pdf/AssetForSale.pdf
 Bureau of Indian Standards. (2005). National Building Code. Retrieved from
http://www.bis.org.in/sf/ced/CED46(8068)_26112015.pdf
 Central Public Work Department. (1998). Guidelines and space standards for
barrier free built environment for disabled and elderly. Retrieved from
http://cpwd.gov.in/Publication/aged&disabled.PDF

26
7. AREA PROGRAMMING

7.1 CALCULATION FOR NO. OF RESIDENTIAL UNITS

The no. of people targeted population of residents= 100
As per the formula given by the developers,
No. of Flats*1.5 = Total population (Formulae as per primary case study)
No. of flats= 100/1.5
No. of Flats=67 or 68(approx)
Typologies of flats:-

The project is being targeted to be designed for 100 people. The residential area consists of a
50:50 split of single and double rooms (NEUFERT'S, 3rd edition). Making 34 units of single
occupancy and 34 units of double occupancy room gives in total accommodation to 100(approx.)
people.

 1 BHK= 34 UNITS

 2 BHK=30 UNITS

 3 BHK=4 UNITS

27


Table 1 Area Programming for residential zone

28
 Table 2 Area Programming for Recreational area

(Source: Chiara, J. D., & Callender, J. H. (1987). Time-Saver Standards for Building Types(2nd ed.).
SIngapore: Singapore National Printers.
Neufert, E., Neufert, P., Baiche, B., & Walliman, N. (2000). Architects data(3rd ed., Vol. 1, Ser. 2). Oxford:
Blackwell Science)

29
7.2 CENTRAL DINING AND KITCHEN

Figure 31 Flowchart showing conventional kitchen with direct meal delivery

(Source: Neufert, E., Neufert, P., Baiche, B., & Walliman, N. (2000). Architects
data(3rd ed., Vol. 1, Ser. 2). Oxford: Blackwell Science.)

30
 Table 4 Area Programming of central kitchen

(Source: Department of Transportation and infrastructure building division. (2015). DSD Design standards for
nursing homes. Retrieved from http://www2.gnb.ca/content/dam/gnb/Departments/sd-
ds/pdf/NursingHomes/NursingHomeDesignStandards-e.pdf)

Table 3 Area Programming of Administrative zone

(Source: Chiara, J. D., & Callender, J. H. (1987). Time-Saver Standards for Building Types(2nd ed.). SIngapore:
Singapore National Printers.
Neufert, E., Neufert, P., Baiche, B., & Walliman, N. (2000). Architects data(3rd ed., Vol. 1, Ser. 2). Oxford: Blackwell
Science)

31
 Table 5 Area Programming of healthcare zone

(Source: Chiara, J. D., & Callender, J. H. (1987). Time-Saver Standards for Building Types(2nd ed.). SIngapore:
Singapore National Printers.

Neufert, E., Neufert, P., Baiche, B., & Walliman, N. (2000). Architects data(3rd ed., Vol. 1, Ser. 2). Oxford: Blackwell
Science)

32
 Table 6 Toilet calculations

(Source: India, The Orissa Gazette, BHUBANESWAR DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY. (2008, December
18). BHUBANESWAR DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY (PLANNING & BUILDING STANDARDS) REGULATIONS - 2008.
Retrieved January 21, 2019, from http://bdabbsr.in/website/pdf/AssetForSale.pdf)

33
8. SPACE SYNTAX ANALYSIS
8.1 BUBBLE DIAGRAM

Figure 32 Bubble Diagram showing relationship between different zone

34
Figure 33 Bubble diagram for the administrative zone

Figure 34 Bubble Diagram for central kitchen

35
 Figure 35 Bubble Diagram for Recreational zone and healthcare centre

8.2 PROXIMITY CHART

Figure 36 Proximity Chart for administrative zone

36
 Figure 37 Proximity Chart for Central Dining

Figure 38 Proximity Chart for Recreational areas

37
Figure 39 Proximity Chart for Healthcare zone

38
9. CONCEPT GENERATION
The concept has been derived from the surrounding Chandaka Forest. The site itself is a miniature
version or microcosm of the forest. The residential units has been designed like a forest village
where units are designed in such a way that it enjoys the comfort of home in the natural setting
away from city chaos. The units are arranged around a central landscaped area, which is
synonymous to a forest, where the jungle is in the center and the unit surrounds it. The design
approach selected for the concept is Biophilic Design Approach. The reason behind choosing the
biophilic design approach is its effect on the health of the elderly and agrees to the concept of a
forest village. Biophilia has proven to improve the psychological as well as physiological health of
the elderly.

39
10. DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

“GARDEN OF FIVE SENSES”

The central open space around
which the units are arranged is built
around the concept of garden of
five senses. The different elements
of landscape agrees to the Biophilic
part of design. Biophilia helps old
age people with sensory simulation
as their senses start detoriating with
age and also help to jog up their
mental health.

Figure 40 Siteplan

40
10.1 1 BHK

Figure 41 Typical Floorplan and Axial View

Figure 43 Section
Figure 42 1BHK Elevations

41
The section shows the height of various fixtures adjusted in such a manner that it is accessible by
the wheelchair users.

10.2 2 BHK

Figure 45 2 BHK Floorplans

Figure 44 Section of the 2 BHK and axial view of the unit

Figure 46 2 BHK Elevation

42
10.3 3 BHK

Figure 47 3 BHK Floorplans

Figure 48 3 BHK Elevations

Figure 49 3 BHK Section

43
10.4 DINING HALL

Figure 50 Floorplans of the dining hall

Figure 51 Elevation of the Dining hall

Figure 52 Section and axial view of the dining hall

44
10.5 CLUBHOUSE

Figure 53 Floorplans of the Clubhouse

Figure 54 Section

Figure 55 Elevations

45
10.6 VIEWS

Figure 56 Open air temporary theatre

This is a theatre provided at the entrance of the site which is open for public use. The theatre can
hold film screenings for both in residents and public. Hence providing an opportunity for residents
to interact with people from other neighbourhoods and age group. It can also act as a stage for
various functions or garden parties for both private and public.

Figure 57 Children's Park

The children’s park is also open to children of the public area or the grandchildren or relative of
the residents. This place allows for a point of social interaction for the residents.

46
Figure 59 View between two residences

Figure 58 View of path leading to residential zone

47
 Figure 61 View of koi pond from the deck of the Tea Pavilion

Figure 60 View of Meditation/Yoga hall with adjoining Zen garden

48
Figure 62 View of pathway through the central garden

Figure 63 View of Compound between two buildings

49
10.7 INTERIOR VIEWS

Figure 64 View of the kitchen and the bedroom

Figure 65 View of the Seating area inside the block

50
 Figure 66 View of the central garden from the restaurant

Figure 67 View of the living room overlooking private gardens

The interior have been designed keeping in mind the barrier free design parameters. The interior
uses warm colors, and finer materials like wood, exposed brick which gives it a cosy feeling and is
beneficial for elderly with onsetting dementia as there is a sense of familiarity. The fenestration
and opening been designed such that it overlooks the nature, private gardens or central garden,
hence providing the residents with an indirect connection with the nature.The blocks also have
interactive spaces within the block where residents can enjoy an afternoon cup of tea.

51
11. AREA STATEMENT

Table 7 Area of different residential units

Table 8 Area of Dining Area

52
Table 9 Area of Clubhouse

53
12.CONCLUSIONS
After study it was found that the built environment—both from theoretical and user-centered
perspectives—can contribute to a sense of home in home for elderly. The study introduced a novel
and reliable overview that evaluates the impact of architectural programming and design in
creating a sense of home. Ageing is something that is inevitable. With age comes various various
physiological as well as psychological problems such as dementia, anxiety, depression etc. One
design approach through which we can deal with such psychological problems is Biophilia, i.e
connection with nature. In order to fulfil this design approach a site far away from the city chaos
was chosen. The planning and site planning has been done in such a manner that it is barrier free
as needed by the senior citizens. The landscaping is done so as to agree with the biophilic approach
of the design.

54
12. REFERENCES
• BARNES and the Design in Caring Environments Study Group,2002. The design of caring
environments and the quality of life of older people.Ageing and Society, 22, pp. 775-789.

• Wilson, E. O., & Kellert, S. R. (1995). The Biophilia Hypothesis. Washington D.C: Island
Press.

• Central Public Work Department. (1998). Guidelines and space standards for barrier free
built environment for disabled and elderly. Retrieved from
http://cpwd.gov.in/Publication/aged&disabled.PDF

• Bureau of Indian Standards. (2005). National Building Code. Retrieved from

http://www.bis.org.in/sf/ced/CED46(8068)_26112015.pdf

• Chiara, J. D., & Callender, J. H. (1987). Time-Saver Standards for Building Types(2nd ed.).
SIngapore: Singapore National Printers.

• Neufert, E., Neufert, P., Baiche, B., & Walliman, N. (2000). Architects data(3rd ed., Vol. 1,
Ser. 2). Oxford: Blackwell Science

• Climate-Data.org. (2015, August 09). Retrieved January 21, 2019, from https://en.climate-
data.org/asia/india/odisha/bhubaneswar-5756/

• Department of Transportation and infrastructure building division. (2015). DSD Design

standards for nursing homes. Retrieved from
http://www2.gnb.ca/content/dam/gnb/Departments/sd-
ds/pdf/NursingHomes/NursingHomeDesignStandards-e.pdf

• Nayar, P. K. (2016, February 4). Manual on Old Age Homes(India, Department of Social
Justice, Goverment of Kerala). Retrieved January 21, 2019, from
http://swd.kerala.gov.in/DOCUMENTS/Downloadables/SOP/Protocol/12150.pdf

• India, The Orissa Gazette, BHUBANESWAR DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY. (2008, December

18). BHUBANESWAR DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY (PLANNING & BUILDING STANDARDS)
REGULATIONS - 2008. Retrieved January 21, 2019, from
http://bdabbsr.in/website/pdf/AssetForSale.pdf

• Browning, W.D., Ryan, C.O., Clancy, J.O. (2014). 14 Patterns of Biophilic Design. New York:
Terrapin Bright Green, LLC.

• Tungnung, K., 2016. Bio-Interface: Biophilia, humans innate affinity to Nature. DOI:
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