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Junior High School

MATHEMATICS VII
Quarter 3 – LAS
Week 2

Relationships of Geometric
Figures

FOR TANDAG CITY DIVISION USE ONLY

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Learning Activity Sheets (LAS)

Name of
:
Learner ___________________________________________________
Grade Level : ___________________________________________________
Section : ___________________________________________________
Date : _________________________

MATHEMATICS VII
Learning Area

Relationships of Geometric Figures

Topic

Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) with code /

Kasanayang Pampagkatuto at koda:

1. derives relationships of geometric figures using measurements

and by inductive reasoning; supplementary angles,
complementary angles, congruent angles, vertical angles,
adjacent angles, linear pairs, perpendicular lines, and parallel
lines. ( M7GE-IIIb-1)

After the completion of this learning activity sheet, you should be

able to:
1. Derives relationships of geometric figures using measurements and
by inductive reasoning; adjacent angles and complementary angles.
2. Derives relationships of geometric figures using measurements and
by inductive reasoning; supplementary angles and linear pairs.
3. Derives relationships of geometric figures using measurements and
by inductive reasoning; congruent angles and vertical angles.
4. Derives relationships of geometric figures using measurements and
by inductive reasoning; perpendicular lines and parallel lines.

 Pen
 Paper
 Ruler
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 protactor

In this Learning Activity Sheets (LAS), you will learn the relationships
between the geometric figures using measurements and inductive
reasoning. This LAS will guide you to demonstrate the different angle pairs
such as supplementary angles, complementary angles, congruent angles,
vertical angles, adjacent angles, and linear pairs. You will also learn
concepts of perpendicular lines and parallel lines. All of that will abled you
to demonstrates an understanding of key concepts of geometry figures and
their relationships.

Lesson 1. Angle Pair

What is Angle Pairs?

The relationship that occurs between any two angles can be set up
as the basis for describing angles. There are different kinds of angles
classified in this way, and they are called ANGLE PAIRS.

Study Guide 1.

Angle Pair/ Difinition Relationships Figure

Adjacent Angles m ∠ABC = m ∠ABD +
Two angles are adjacent ∠ DBC
if they are coplanar, have also
common vertex and a m ∠ABD = m ∠ABC – m ∠
common side but have DBC
no common interior m ∠DBC = m ∠ABC – m ∠
points. ABD

Examples:
1. Given: m ∠ABD = 105° . What is the measure of
m ∠DBC?
Sol.
m ∠DBC = m ∠ABC – m ∠ABD
= 180 - 105
m ∠DBC = 75

2. Determine the following pair of angles if adjacent

or not, why and why NOT?
a) ∠EAB and ∠BAF
b) ∠EAC and ∠DBA
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Answer.
a) Adjacent
b) Not adjacent (with common side but no
common vertex)
Complementary Angles Figure 1, complementary Fig 1
Two angles are and adjacent
complementary if the If ∠ 1 and ∠ 2 are
sum of their measures is complementary angles, then
90°. m ∠ 1 + m ∠ 2 = 90o
Complementary angles m ∠ 1 = 90o – m∠ 2
could be nonadjacent m ∠ 2 = 90o – m∠ 1
angles or Fig 2
Each angle is called the Figure 2, complementary
complement of each but not adjacent
other. If ∠ A and ∠ B are
complementary angles, then
m ∠ A + m ∠ B = 90o
m ∠ A = 90o – m∠ B
m ∠ B = 90o – m∠ A
Examples:
1. What would be the measure of ∠XOY if m∠ 2 is
30?
Sol. Since the m∠ XOZ =90
m∠XOY = 90 - m∠ 2
= 90 – 30
m∠XOY = 60

2. How ould you tell that ∠A and ∠B are complementary

angles?
Answer.
 ∠A and ∠B are complementary if the sum
of their angles is 90.
Supplementary Angles Figure 1, supplementary Fig.1
Two angles are and adjacent
supplementary if the If ∠ 1 and ∠ 2 are
sum of their measures is supplementary angles, then
180o. m ∠ 1 + m ∠ 2 = 180o Fig. 2
Supplementary angles m ∠ 1 = 180o - m∠ 2
could be nonadjacent m ∠ 2 = 180o - m∠ 1
angles or
Each angle is called the Figure 2, supplementary
supplement of each but not adjacent
other. If ∠ A and ∠ B are
complementary angles, then
m ∠ A + m ∠ B = 180o
m ∠ A = 180o - m∠ B
m ∠ B = 180o - m∠ A
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Example:
The sum of the measure of ∠ABE and measure of
∠ACF is 180. What would be the measure of m
∠ABE if the measure of ∠EBD is 120? Is ∠FCD
and ∠DBE supplementary angles?
Sol.
a) m∠ABE = 180 - m∠EBD
=
180 – 120
m∠ABE = 60
b) supplementary angles (but not
adjacent)
Linear Pairs m∠AOB = 180o
A linear pair is two
angles that are both m∠AOP + m∠POB = 180o
adjacent and m∠AOP = 180o - m∠POB
supplementary, and m∠POB = 180o - m∠AOP
whose non-common
sides form a straight line. or
m∠AOB = 180o
m∠1 + m∠2 = 180o
m∠1 = 180o - m∠2
m∠2 = 180o - m∠1

Examples:
1. The sum of angles 1, 2, and 3
is 180. Do you agree that angles
1,2, and 3 are linear pairs?
2. What is the common side of
∠ABD and ∠CBD?
Answer.
1. No, because there were three angles added to to get
the sum of 180.

2. BD
Congruent Angles ∠A ≅ ∠B or Fig. 1
Two angles are said to ∠1 ≅ ∠2 or
be congruent if they have ∠ACD ≅ ∠BCD
exactly the same
measure. In symbol m∠A = m∠B or
≅ m∠1 = m∠2 or
Congruent angles need m∠ACD = m∠BCD
not to be adjacent.

Fig. 2
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Examples:
1. m∠AXC = m∠CXY and m∠BXD = m∠AXC, justify that
∠CXY and ∠BXD angles are congruent?
Answer:
Given: m∠AXC = m∠CXY and m∠BXD = m∠AXC
Applying the transitive property a = b; b = c therefore
a = c.

∠CXY ≅ ∠AXC and ∠AXC ≅ ∠BXD

Therefore: ∠CXY ≅ ∠BXD

Vertical Angles
Vertical angles are the CD intersects AB at E
opposite angles formed
when two lines intersect. ∠AED ≅ ∠BEC
Vertical angles are ∠DEB ≅ ∠CEA or
congruent.
Two angles are vertical if ∠1 ≅ ∠3 and ∠2 ≅ ∠4
and only if they are
nonadjacent angles m∠AED = m∠BEC
formed by two m∠DEB = m∠CEA or
intersecting lines.
m∠1 = m∠3 and
m∠2 = m∠4

Examples:
1. Which lines intersect each other and form vertical
angles?
2. Name all the vertical angles.
Answers:
a) AB and CD
c) ∠AXC and ∠BXD
b) ∠CXB and ∠DXA

Lesson 2. Perpendicular Lines and Parallel Lines

Study Guide 2.

Perpendicular Lines

A line, ray or segment is perpendicular to another line, ray or

segment if and only if it intersects the other side and form a right
angle. The point of intersction is called the root of perpendicular lines.

Through a given point on a line, there is exactly one line perpendicular to the
given line

Study the illustration below.

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Parallel Lines
Parallel Line are lines that do not intersect and are coplanar. ( ll symbols
of parallel)
B
or A
AB || CD C D

Between any two parallel lines, the perpendicular distance is always

constant.

Illustrative Examples

A. In the figure, OA, OB, OC and OD are coplanar and

m∠AOB = 42. What are the measures of the
other angles? C
By Addition Postulate, m∠BOC and m∠COD = 42. D B

Since OC ⊥ OA, m∠COA = 90,

then m∠BOC = m∠COA - m∠AOB = 48. 42
O A
Since OB ⊥ OD, m∠BOD is a right angle.
By ang Addition Postulate, m∠COD + m∠BOC = m∠BOD.
Hence, m∠COD = 42.

B. Which of the following figures demonstrate the parallel line?

a) b) c)
A N S T
C
M
B P U V
D
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Answers:

a) AB || CD

b) MN ||OP

c) ST and UV are skew

Activity 1.

Activity 2.
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DIRECTION: Read carefully each problem and choose the BEST answer from
the given choices. Shade the letter of your choice on the given answer sheet.

1. If two angles are both congruent and supplementary, then each angle is
______.
A. Acute B. Obtuse C. Right D Reflex

2. If ∠ A and ∠ B are complementary, what is the sum of their measure?

A. 22.5° B. 45° C. 90° D 180°

3. What is the line that intersects two or more coplanar lines at two or more distinct
points?
A. Skew Line C. Transversal Line
B. Parallel Line D. Perpendicular Line

4. Which of the following describe in the statement “two angles cannot be

both”?
A. Vertical and adjacent C. Adjacent and complementary
B. Vertical and congruent D. Congruent and supplementary

5. How many pairs of vertical angles are formed by three coplanar lines
intersecting
at one point?
A. 3 B. 4 C. 6 D. 9

6. If ∠ A and ∠ B form a linear pair and ∠ A is a right angle, which of

the following
is true?
A. ∠ A and ∠ B are supplementary C. ∠ A and ∠ B are not
congruent
B. ∠ A and ∠ B are complementary D. ∠ A and ∠ B are
vertical angles
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7. Given: BD bisect ∠ ABC , m ∠ DBA is 4x + 3, and

m ∠ DBC is 5x – 7. What is the measure of ∠ CBD?
A. 10 C. 43
B. 24 D. 57

8. The measure of the angle is 12° more than half of

its supplement. What is the measure of the angle?
A. 68° B. 112° C. 136 D. 168°
9. In the figure shown, m ∠ LJK = 124°. Which of the following statement is
TRUE?
A. m ∠ KJM = 56°
A. m ∠ HJM = 56°
B. ∠ HJL and ∠ LJK are vertical
angles
C. ∠ LJK and ∠ HJM are adjacent angles

10. The measure of one of two supplementary angles is 30 less than twice the
measure of the other angle. If we let x be the first angle, Which is a correct
equation in finding the angles?
A. x + 2x -30 = 90 C. x + 30 – 2x = 90
B. x + 2x -30 = 180 D. x + 30 - 2x = 180

Concepts Learned:
I learned that…
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Concepts Unlearned:
I need to know more about…
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Evaluation Activity 2

1. C
Teacher will do the checking 2.

Activity 1

Prepared/developed by

MIA O. LAORDEN
Subject Teacher