National Health Service

Model engineering
specifications

C81
Above ground
sanitation systems

Issue date April 1993

Revision 1: March 1995
© Crown copyright Revision 2: April 1996
Revision 3: November 1997

Latest amendments shown in bold

 DESIGN NOTES FOR C81 PAGE 1

ABOVE GROUND SANITATION SYSTEMS

FOR USE OF DESIGNER ONLY

THIS SECTION MUST BE DETACHED FROM THE

SPECIFICATION BEFORE PROCEEDING TO
ASSEMBLE TENDER DOCUMENTS

1. If you have not already read the general information on Model Specification for Building
Services in Health Care Buildings, please do so!

This system approach to contract documentation has been prepared by many experienced
design engineers throughout the country, to enable you to utilise your own expertise on
hospital projects to the full extent and to reduce the repetitive work to a minimum.

2. This is only one section of the specification for tender documentation.

3. The content of this section is set out at the front of the document.

4. To make a full specification for contract documentation it will have attached:-

PART A - Standard General Conditions and Preliminary Clauses

PART B - General Clauses Common to Building Services, Plant and Equipment

PART D - Detailed Description of Extent and Nature of Works

5. Not all the services incorporated in this section may be needed for your project. For
example, if it is to consist of only a cast iron pipe system the detailed description of works
Part D will specify which elements of the section are applicable.

6. Since this specification is intended for use throughout the UK it is Universal in character
and therefore contains elements covering all aspects of a sanitation installation. Leave this
section bound together, elements should not be extracted. Select the project requirement
and insert in Part D.

7. This section has been written to include all data information and guidance contained in the
following documents:-

(i) Health and Safety at Work, etc Act 1974

Issue date: April 1993 Revision 3: November 1997

 DESIGN NOTES FOR C81 PAGE 2

(ii) British Standards and Code of Practice. Designers should ensure that
all the relevent standards (BS, BSEN, IEC, ISO, etc) are the latest
issues including all amendments.

(iii) NHS Estates Guidance to November 1997.

(iv) Whilst writing Part D, consideration must be given to the information

given in the following clauses:-

Clause 01.01 Does not make provision for installing overflow systems, define who is
to do this work and specify materials in Part D.

Clause 02.02 Excludes fabrication by means of the 'cut and shut', hot air or solvent
welded. If this method is to be permitted it must be specified in Part D.

Clause 03.01 If lead wool jointing required the designer must specify in Part D.

Clause 03.02 Calls for plastic pipes and fittings to be solvent welded. If this method
is not acceptable specify an alternative in Part D.

Clause 03.03 Specify in Part D the type and method of jointing required.

Clause 03.04 Where glass pipelines are defined in Hospital Building Notes as
necessary for corrosive, radioactive or pathogenic wastes, specify in
Part D as appropriate.

Clause 03.05 Specify in Part D the type and method of jointing required.

Clause 04.02 The drawing should also indicate the location of floor gulleys in
Plantrooms, to enable the Air Conditioning Plant installer to route the
drainage from the equipment accurately.

Clause 04.04 Specify in Part D any additional needs to ensure the installation will
comply with the appropriate fire precaution requirements.

Clause 04.07 Specifies 'P' Traps. If alternative required specify in Part D.

Clause 04.08 Specifies one type of connection from sanitary appliance outlet (89mm
dia and above). If alternative method required specify in Part D.

Clause 05.02 Specify requirements for pipe supports in accordance with BS 5572.

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 DESIGN NOTES FOR C81 PAGE 3

Note: The method and compound for sealing and bedding fixtures and fittings together with the
method of bedding sanitary ware to walls and floors must be specified in Section 'D', due attention
being given to the type of department ie pathology, laboratory etc, or the substances likely to be
kept or discharged into the appliances.

8. Drainage of Condensate from Air Handling Unit

(a) Pipework from each trap outlet should be thermoplastic, copper or stainless steel tube.
Stainless steel could be particularly useful in situations requiring mechanical strength (glass
is not necessary). Thermoplastic pipework is unsuitable for the carrying of
condensate from humidifiers due to its high temperatures. The pipework should be a
minimum diameter of 22mm and have a minimum fall of 1 in 60 in the direction of flow
and be well supported.

(b) Water from each trap must discharge via a type A air gap, as specified in BS 6281: Part 1,
above the unrestricted spill-over level of either an open tundish connected to a drainage
stack via a second trap, or a floor gully (or channel).

(c) The trap need not be directly under the drainage tray, provided that the pipework
connecting the two has a continuous fall. Each trap should be of the clear (borosilicate)
glass type to show (visibly) the integrity of the water seal, and should be provided with a
means for filling. A permanent marker on each trap should be provided to indicate the
water seal level when the system fan is running at its design duty. Each installation should
incorporate quick-release couplings to facilitate removal of the traps for cleaning.

9. Soil and Waste Systems to Receive Condensate

(a) Condensate shall be arranged to discharge over a low level, trapped tundish or trapped
gully with combined grating/tundish. The trap depth shall provide a minimum seal of
75mm. Condensate shall only be directed to connect to the foul drainage system.

(b) Drains from tundishes or gullies shall be sized in accordance with the anticipated
maximum flow from air handling units. Drains shall be a minimum of 50mm diameter and
laid to a fall of at least 1:60. Materials shall be selected as appropriate to any possible
corrosive nature of condensate.

(c) Branch drains shall discharge to a ventilated foul drainage system, the connection made
with an easy sweep (not square) branch. Access points for rodding shall be provided at all
change of direction.

(d) In locations where drainage trap seals are likely to deteriorate due to warm, dry
conditions, provision for seals to be checked and topped up periodically, shall be identified
in Operation and Maintenance documents. Specify requirements in Part D.
End of Design Notes

Issue date: April 1993 Revision 3: November 1997

 C81 INDEX PAGE 1

ABOVE GROUND SANITATION SYSTEMS

INDEX

GENERAL 01

Scope of Work 01
Standard References 02

PIPES AND PIPE FITTINGS 02

Cast Iron Pipe and Fittings 01

Plastic Pipe and Fittings 02
Copper Pipe and Fittings 03
Glass Pipe and Fittings 04

JOINTING OF PIPEWORK 03

Cast Iron 01
Plastics Pipes 02
Copper 03
Borosilicate Glass 04
Pipe Jointing 05

INSTALLATION OF PIPEWORK 04

General 01
Pipework Installation 02
Pipe Clearances 03
Pipe Sleeves 04
Painting 05
Building-In of Work 06
Traps 07
Sanitary Appliance Connections 08
Access Points - GENERAL 09
Cast Iron Pipe Access Points 10
UPVC/Polypropylene Pipe Access Points 11
Copper Pipe Access Points 12
Sanitary Appliances 13

SUPPORTS EXPANSION AND ANCHORS 05

Expansion Joints and Anchor Points 01

Anchor Points 02
Pipe Supports 03

CARE OF PIPES 06

Sealing Open Ends of Pipes 01

Pipe Condition and Protection 02
Pipe Cutting 03
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 C81 INDEX PAGE 2

Storage of Pipes and Fittings 04

PRE HANDOVER AND HANDOVER PROCEDURES AND 07

REQUIREMENTS

General 01
Flushing Out and Cleaning System 02
Testing 03
Final Commissioning Procedures 04

End of Index

Issue date: April 1993 Revision 3: November 1997

 C81 ELEMENT 01 PAGE 1

GENERAL 01

Scope of Work 01

To provide, install, test and commission the soil, waste and rainwater systems including
final connections to sanitary ware, other types of appliances and equipment and all
connections between the above ground and below ground systems.

Standard References 02

The materials, components and completed installations shall conform as applicable with
the following Standards, including all amendments, current at the time of tendering.
Construction products should comply with European Standards and Technical
Specifications (ESTS). Wherever reference is made to a British Standard a
corresponding ESTS (generally ISO series) shall be equally acceptable.

Where available all materials, equipment etc forming part, or whole, of the services
specified in the Contract, should be obtained from BS EN ISO 9000 - "Quality
Assurance" certified manufacturers and preferably "kite marked" or EC equivalent.

The latest dates of standard references are given at the time of issue of this Section.

CP 312 Code of practice for plastics, pipework (thermoplastic

material).
Part 1 : 1973 General principles and choice of material.
Part 2 : 1973 Unplasticized PVC pipework for the conveyance of liquids
under pressure.

Part 3 : 1973 Polyethylene pipes for the conveyance of liquids under

pressure.

BS 8313 : 1997 Code of practice for accommodation of building services in

ducts.

BS 8010 Code of practice for pipelines.

Part 1 : 1989 Pipelines on land: general.
Part 2 Pipelines on land: design, construction and installation.
Section 2.1 : 1987 Ductile iron

BS 6100 Glossary of building and civil engineering terms.

Part 2 Civil engineering.
Section 2.7 : 1992 Public health. Environmental engineering.

BS 5572 : 1994 Code of practice for sanitary pipework.

BS 6150 : 1991 Code of practice for painting of buildings.

BS 8000 Workmanship on building sites

Part 13 : 1989 Code of practice for above ground drainage and sanitary
appliances.

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 C81 ELEMENT 01 PAGE 2

GENERAL

BS EN 29453 : 1994 Soft solder alloys. Chemical compositions and forms.

BS 1184 : 1976 (1981) Copper and copper alloy traps. Obsolescent

BS 1494 Specification for fixing accessories for building purposes.

Part 1 : 1964 Fixing for sheet, roof and wall coverings.

BS 1710 : 1984 (1991) Specification for identification of pipelines and services.

BS 1845 : 1984 Specification for filler metals for brazing.

BS 2598 Glass plant, pipeline and fittings.

Part 3 : 1980 (1989) Specification for pipeline and fittings of nominal bore 15 to
150mm; compatibility and inter-changeability.
Part 4 : 1980 (1989) Specification for glass plant components.

BS EN 1595:1997 Pressure equipment made from borosilicate glass 3.3-

General Rules for design, manufacture and testing.

BS 8301 : 1985 Code of practice for building drainage.

PLASTICS

BS 2494 : 1990 Specification for elastomeric seals for joints in pipework

and pipelines.

BS 3943 : 1979 (1988) Specification for plastic waste traps.

BS 4514 : 1983 Specification for unplasticized PVC soil and ventilating

pipes, fittings and accessories.

BS 4576 Unplasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC-U) rainwater

goods, and accessories.
Part 1 : 1989 Half-round gutters and pipes of circular cross section.

BS 4991 : 1974 (1982) Specification for propylene copolymer pressure pipe.

BS 5254 : 1976 Specification for polypropylene waste pipe and fittings

(external diameter 34.6mm, 41.00mm and 54.1mm).

BS 5255 : 1989 Specification for thermoplastics waste pipes and fittings.

BS 5556 : 1978 (1986) Specification for general requirements for imensions and
pressure ratings for pipe of thermoplastics materials
(metric series).
BS 5955 Plastics pipework (thermoplastics materials).
Part 6 : 1980 Code of practice for the installation of unplasticized PVC
pipework for gravity drains and sewers.

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 C81 ELEMENT 01 PAGE 3

CAST IRON

BS 416 Discharge and ventilating pipes and fittings, sand-cast or

spun in cast iron.
Part 1 : 1990 Specification for spigot and socket systems.
Part 2 : 1990 Specification for socketless systems.

BS 437:1978 Specification for a cast Iron spigot and socket drain

pipes and fittings.

BS 460 : 1964 (1981) Specification for cast iron rainwater goods.

BS EN 598:1995 Ductile iron pipes, fittings, accessories, and their joints

for sewerage application. Requirements and test
methods.

BS 6087 : 1990 Specification for flexible joints for grey or ductile cast iron
drainpipes and fittings (BS 437) and for discharge and
ventilating pipes and fittings (BS 416).

BS 6949 : 1991 Specification for bitumen-based coatings for cold

application excluding use in contact with potable water.

COPPER

BS 143 & : 1986 Specification for malleable cast iron and cast copper
BS 1256 alloy threaded pipe fittings.
Partially replaced by BSEN10242: 1995 but remains current

BS 864 Capillary and compression tube fittings of copper and

copper alloy.
Part 2 : 1983 Specification for capillary and compression fittings for
copper tubes.

BS 1723 Brazing.
Part 1 : 1986 Specification for brazing.
Part 2 : 1986 Guide to brazing.

BS 1724 : 1990 Specification for bronze welding by gas.

BS 1845 : 1984 Specification for filler metals for brazing.

BS EN 1057:1996 Specification for copper and copper alloys - seamless,

round copper tubes for water and gas in sanitation and
heating applications.

STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS

The Building Act 1984 and the Building Regulations 1991 and subsequent
amendments (including all approved documents).

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 C81 ELEMENT 01 PAGE 4

NHS ESTATES

HTM 2023 Access and accommodation for engineering services

HTM 2027 Hot and cold water supply storage and mains services

HTM 2040 The control of legionellae in healthcare premises - a code of

practice

End of Element

Issue date: April 1993 Revision 3: November 1997

 C81 ELEMENT 02 PAGE 1

PIPES AND PIPE FITTINGS 02

Cast Iron Pipe and Fittings 01

Shall:-

for main soil and ventilation pipes and fittings, be to BS 416 with uneared sockets Type
A, and or be to BS 416 with flexible joints to BS 6087.

for internal rainwater pipes and fittings, comply with BS 416 with Type A sockets.

for external rainwater pipes and fittings, be to BS 460.

for branch connections 50mm diameter and less, be made using screwed bosses.

for all branch pipes, be provided with a radius swept in the direction of flow.

Shall not:-

have elbow fittings or short radius bends.

Plastic Pipe and Fittings 02

Shall:-

comprise UPVC and mUPVC pipe and fittings, manufactured by the injection
moulding process.

for main soil, ventilation pipes and fittings, internal rainwater pipe and fittings, be
UPVC plastic to BS 4514.

for external rainwater pipe and fittings, be UPVC plastic to BS 4576.

for branch waste and ventilation pipework and fitting up to and including 50mm
diameter, be mUPVC plastic.

for chemical waste pipes and fittings up to and including 100mm diameter, be
propylene to BS 4991.

for all branch pipes, be provided with a radius swept in the direction of flow.

Shall not:-

be fabricated by means of 'the cut and shut', hot air or solvent welded method unless
specified in Part D.

Copper Pipes and Fittings 03

Shall:-

for main soil, ventilation or rainwater pipes, be seamless tube to BS EN 1057.

Issue date: April 1993 Revision 3: November 1997
 C81 ELEMENT 02 PAGE 2

be complete with fittings, to BS 864: Part 2, or fabricated utilising capillary brazed

joints.

for branch waste and ventilation pipe up to an including 54mm diameter, be seamless
tube to BS EN 1057 with fittings to BS 864: Part 2.

for all branch pipes, have a radius swept in the direction of the flow.

Glass Pipes and Fittings 04

Shall:-

for soil, waste and ventilating pipes up to and including 100mm diameter, be
borosilicate glass to BS 2598, and BS EN 1595.

for all branch pipes, have a radius swept in the direction of flow.

End of Element

Issue date: April 1993 Revision 3: November 1997

 C81 ELEMENT 03 PAGE 1

JOINTING OF PIPEWORK 03

Cast Iron 01

Shall:-

have spigot, socket and caulked joints, the spigots centred in the adjoining socket with
tightly caulked white yarn, sufficient turns being used to leave a minimum depth of
40mm within the socket to be filled with molten lead in one pour. The lead when
cooled to be solidly caulked around the whole joint. After a witnessed satisfactory test,
the joint to be given two coats of bituminous paint.

have plain ended pipes and fittings with patented couplings, installed to the
Manufacturer's assembling information.

Plastics Pipes 02

Shall:-

have UPVC plastic pipes and fittings, jointed by the solvent weld method except where
stated in Part D.

have spigot ends, squarely cut, ensuring continuity of the internal pipe bore.

have excess jointing material removed and not allowed to accumulate on the internal
surface of the pipe.

accommodate thermal movement, by having joints formed using the joint ring system,
with the spigot end of the pipe fitting in the direction of flow. All items forming the
joint to be cleaned before assembly.

be jointed using the correct solvent or lubricant and be installed to the Manufacturer's
information.

Copper 03

Shall:-

have copper pipe, bends, tees, couplings etc, jointed by the use of soft soldered
capillary fittings or compression fittings all to BS 864 as specified in Part D.

have capillary brazed joints, to BS 1723.

have all soldered joints, made using the correct flux and be free from obstructions in the
internal bore, any surplus flux being removed after the appropriate cooling period.

have branch joints, formed with spigot ends of the branch swept in the direction of
flow.

include for a sample swept branch joint to be prepared for examination and approval.

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 C81 ELEMENT 03 PAGE 2

Borosilicate Glass 04

Shall:-

have glass pipe jointed by a stainless steel coupling with a nitrile rubber liner and snap
on single bolt arrangement.

have jointing and installation, carried out by the Manufacturer.

Pipe Jointing 05

Shall:-

have jointing between different materials, to BS 5572 with a preference for the
following methods.

(a) Cast Iron/Copper

Brass caulking bush lead caulked with compression or soldered (silver or soft)
joint to copper.

Screwed iron adaptors with compression or soldered (silver or soft) joint to

copper.

(b) Cast Iron/UPVC

Screwed male iron to UPVC solvent welded adaptors.

(c) Copper/UPVC

Push fit adaptors with the appropriate rings.

End of Element

Issue date: April 1993 Revision 3: November 1997

 C81 ELEMENT 04 PAGE 1

INSTALLATION OF PIPEWORK 04

General 01

The installation of the above ground sanitation systems shall comply with the
requirements of BS 5572 where applicable to design intent.

Pipework Installation 02

Shall:-

be installed to the minimum gradients specified in BS 5572 or as indicated on the

drawing for all suspended runs.

Pipe Clearances 03

Shall:-

provide adequate separation from other engineering services and the structure, to
enable maintenance to be carried out in an efficient manner with a minimum of
disruption.

for plastic pipe ensure adequate clearance from heat sources.

Pipe Sleeves 04

Shall:-

where passing through any part of the building fabric not classified as a fire structure,
be accommodated in suitably sized sleeves of the same material as the pipe and be of
such a diameter as to allow a minimum clearance for the free movement of the pipe.

where penetrating a fire resisting structure, comply with Approved Document B of the
Building Regulations 1991 and any additional requirement specified in Part D.

where passing through sleeves in external walls and ducts, be caulked between pipe and
sleeve with lead wool or proprietary sealing compound.

Shall not:-

support the pipes.

Painting 05

Shall:-

be completed to all ferrous brackets, pipes, supports, nuts, bolts, drop rods and all
associated accessories after erection and the witnessing of satisfactory tests, degreasing
and washing.

Issue date: April 1993 Revision 3: November 1997

 C81 ELEMENT 04 PAGE 2

be to the recommendations of BS 6150. For cast iron pipes and galvanised items
comprise one coat of black bitumen to BS 6949.

Building in of Work 06

Shall not:-

conceal pipe installations within the building structure until satisfactory completion of
the inspection and testing procedures.

Traps 07

Shall:-

conform to BS 5572 and all relevant British Standards.

where of copper or copper alloy, be to BS 1184.

where of plastic, be to BS 3943.

generally be 'P' traps unless otherwise specified in Part D.

for all sanitary fittings and equipment be a two piece tubular trap, where exposed under
basins be chromium plated copper alloy bottle traps.

Sanitary Appliance Connections 08

Shall:-

be by a dry seal push fit joint to the drainage system for all connections from sanitary
appliance outlets 89mm diameter and above except where otherwise specified in Part
D.

have the type of connector approved before installation.

Access Points - GENERAL 09

Shall:-

be provided into the pipe bore to enable testing, inspection and efficient maintenance
operations to be carried out.

be fully accessible.

have all access plates and caps fitted as the installation work proceeds and remain
sealed except for inspection and testing.

in the event of an open access point being found at any time during the course of
installation, have that section of pipework rodded out and flushed with clean water.
Should it be demonstrated that the pipe bore is not satisfactorily finished, the section
adjacent to the access point to be stripped out to a location of satisfactory internal
finish.
Issue date: April 1993 Revision 3: November 1997
 C81 ELEMENT 04 PAGE 3

for access points on vertical main soil, ventilation and rainwater pipes of 76mm -
160mm diameter, be provided in the following positions:-.

above the spill-over level of adjacent sanitary fittings and a minimum of one metre
above finished floor level on all floors.

above offsets in vertical stacks.

at all junctions in suspended runs and in other positions as indicated on the drawings.

Shall not:-

be located at high level in clinical areas

Cast Iron Pipe Access Points 10

Shall:-

be rectangular bolted doors as BS 416 where located on the side of cast iron pipes.
Where access is restricted, oval recessed doors shaped internally to BS 416 may be
used.

be a cast socket and ferrule with screwed brass cap where located on the end of cast
iron pipes.

be complete with the required number of screws, bolts with sealing washers, greased
and left sound prior to testing.

UPVC/Polypropylene Pipe Access Points 11

Shall:-

be full width and bolted, integral with a purpose made fitting, or cut and located in
positions shown on the drawings where located on the side of UPVC and
Polypropylene pipes.

be solvent welded plugs with screwed caps, where located on the end of UPVC pipes
and fixed by compression screwed caps on polypropylene pipes.

Copper Pipe Access Points 12

Shall:-

consist of a 45° branch with a screwed cap, where located in-line.

be formed with a full bore brass screwed plug where located on the end of copper
pipes.

13

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 C81 ELEMENT 04 PAGE 4

Sanitary Appliances

Shall:-

be fixed in accordance with BS 8000: Part 13.

have all outlets and overflows bedded into the sanitary appliances together with all
washers, wedges and other sundries necessary to complete an efficient fixing.

have all debris removed and the appliance cleaned and protected from damage and
abuse on completion of fixing.

be tested by operation of taps to ensure overflow waterways are clear of mastic sealant.

be subjected to discharge tests to determine the integrity of trap seal under normal
operating conditions as defined in BS 5572: Performance Tests.

End of Element

Issue date: April 1993 Revision 3: November 1997

 C81 ELEMENT 05 PAGE 1

SUPPORTS EXPANSION AND ANCHORS 05

Expansion Joints and Anchor Points 01

Shall:-

be provided to accommodate thermal movement of UPVC and Polypropylene pipes

between fixed points at the following minimum positions:-

be provided on long straight suspended runs at 3m centres.

be provided between fixed points if the distance exceeds 1m.

be provided on UPVC branch waste pipes if the straight length exceeds 1.8m.

be provided on Polypropylene mechanical systems as thermal stress relief units, in both

the horizontal and vertical plane to accommodate thermal movement of 4.22mm per
3m length per 10°C.

Anchor Points 02

Shall:-

be rigidly fixed brackets with bracing angles and structural fixings to prevent pipe
movement in any plane.

be provided at expansion joints and branch connections securely fixed on the pipe
socket without causing damage or deformation.

be positioned to control alignment of the system during expansion.

Pipe Supports 03

Shall:-

be provided in accordance with the requirements of BS 5572.

be provided with supports located at intervals not greater than the following Table for
suspended and vertical pipes:-

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 C81 ELEMENT 05 PAGE 2

Support distance for vertical and suspended pipes

NOMINAL BORE VERTICAL RUN HORIZONTAL

PIPE MATERIAL (mm) (m) RUN
(M)
Copper Tube 25 2.4 1.8
32 - 40 3.0 2.4
50 3.0 2.7
65 - 100 3.7 3.0

Cast Iron All sizes 3.0 1.8

32 - 40 1.2 0.5
UPVC 50 1.2 0.6
mPVC 75 - 100 1.8 0.9
150 1.8 1.2

*Polypropylene 38 ) 0.5
Mechanical Joints 51 ) 0.5
76 ) 1.2 1.5
102 ) 1.8

Glass 40 - 80 1.2 1.2

100 1.5 1.4
150 1.8 1.8

* be continuously supported for suspended pipes where temperatures in excess of

20°C are maintained.

be fixed to the structure at two points and have vertical adjustment facilities for
suspended pipes.

be provided on suspended and vertical UPVC pipes between fixed points to maintain
stability under temperature change.

be PVC coated metal if used for UPVC and glass pipelines.

End of Element

Issue date: April 1993 Revision 3: November 1997

 C81 ELEMENT 06 PAGE 1

CARE OF PIPES 06

Sealing Open Ends of Pipes 01

Shall:-

be carried out as the installation proceeds.

comprise purpose made metal or plastic plugs, caps or blank flanges.

in the event of an open ended pipe being found or a plug removed, have the section
concerned rodded clean and flushed with clean water. If after such clearing operations
it can be demonstrated that the pipe bore has not been satisfactorily cleaned, the pipes
adjacent to the open end to be stripped out to a location of clean internal finish.

Pipe Condition and Protection 02

Shall:-

require all pipes used to be straight, cleanly finished, round in cross section and without
defect.

include for cast iron pipes to be coated inside and out with a bitumen compound as
described in BS 6949 and have a smooth internal bore.

include for surface abrasions to be recoated with a matching compound before

installation.

Pipe Cutting 03

Shall:-

include for all pipes to be cut clean and square with axis of the pipe and before
installation, the cut ends of the pipe to be made smooth and any burrs removed by
filing.

include for cast and spun iron pipes to be cut with the correct cutting apparatus or
appliance.

require care to be taken when cutting cast iron pipe to avoid damage to the internal and
external coating.

Storage of Pipe and Fittings 04

Shall:-

include for plastic pipe fittings, joints, sealing rings and gaskets to be stored in a
ventilated space and not exposed to direct sunlight.

ensure cast iron fittings are not stacked.

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 C81 ELEMENT 06 PAGE 2

ensure adequate and safe storage for all material plant and equipment necessary for the
works.

provide purpose made racks for storage of pipes and similar materials to prevent
bending and distortion.

provide purpose made end caps to protect threads, spigots etc.

ensure protection by means of paint, tallow or grease for bright and machined surfaces
which immediately before handover shall be cleansed and polished.

ensure protection against frost, building works, or operations by others.

provide suitable racks and storage for plant, equipment and materials unable to be
stored in huts or buildings.

ensure plant and equipment is left in a condition ready for painting where specified as
part of the work or by others.

allow for painting parts liable to corrosion immediately after removal of temporary
protection.

shall allow replacement material, plant or equipment to be provided where

deterioration or damage has occurred prior to handover.

End of Element

Issue date: April 1993 Revision 3: November 1997

 C81 ELEMENT 07 PAGE 1

PRE-HANDOVER AND HANDOVER PROCEDURES AND 07

REQUIREMENTS

General 01

The following documents, unless specified otherwise in Part D, shall be available not
less than one month before Practical Completion of any part of the Contract.

The following documents shall be incorporated into one or more volumes of service
manuals having a durable finish. The format and contents of the manuals shall be
agreed with the Engineers and two sets provided on completion:-

1. Index of Contents
2. Description of Design Intent & Operational Policy
3. Commissioning Documents and Reports
4. Manufacturers Operation/Service & Maintenance Manuals
5. Manufacturers Spares List & Ordering Procedure
6. Operational & Maintenance Routines
7. Schematic Layouts locating Access Points etc
8. Schedule of Installed Equipment
9. Emergency Call Out Service - Personnel & Telephone Contacts
10. Copies of all charts posted elsewhere in the building
11. List of tools, keys & special requirements for handing over
12. Guarantee & Test Certificates & Reports
13. Insurance & Inspecting Authority Certificates & Reports
14. List of Record Drawings (drawings separately available)

In particular the operation and maintenance information is to be relevant to the installed

Works, compiled in a logical and instructive manner to ensure a full understanding by
the user of manufacturer's recommendations and those in connection with Health &
Safety and the Prevention of Legionnaires Disease etc.

Flushing Out and Cleaning System 02

Shall:-

on completion of the pipework installation, and prior to the installation of the sanitary
appliances, include for all plugs to be removed and the entire system, including the
rainwater system, rodded through and flushed with clean water.

include adequate provision for collection and disposal of the water to ensure that the
building fabric or other services are not affected during the operation.

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 C81 ELEMENT 07 PAGE 2

provide for all access covers and cleaning eyes to be removed, checked, replaced if
damaged, greased, refitted and sealed.

Testing 03

Shall:-

require all soil and waste pipes to be subjected to an air pressure test in the following
manner: The section of the installation to be tested to be sealed off by the insertion of
expanding rubber, or inflatable stopper testing plugs, (one of which to incorporate a tee
fitting complete with an air cock), on each of the free ends of the fittings. One of the
air cocks to be connected by means of a flexible tube to a manometer (u gauge) and the
other connected to a tube for applying the required air pressure to the system.

require air pressure to be applied to the whole section of pipework and fittings under
test, this to be equal to 38mm water gauge and to remain constant for a minimum of 3
minutes.

provide for the installation to be tested at the following stages:-

1. Prior to concealment by suspended ceilings, duct covers, partition cladding etc.

2. On completion of the whole installation.

3. On completion of all work, including that of other trades.

require all soil and waste pipes to be tested to the satisfaction of the Local Authority as
determined by the Building Inspector.

Final Commissioning Procedures 04

Shall:-

be subjected to commissioning procedures in accordance with BS 5572 as applicable

prior to handover.

End of Element

End of Section C81

Issue date: April 1993 Revision 3: November 1997