Name: Rodriguez, Bea May M.

Date Performed: 03/21/2021

Course: BSCE-II Date Submitted: 03/22/2021

Group Number: Instructor: Engr. Laudez

LAB EXERCISE NO. 3

TAPING OVER UNEVEN AND SLOPING GROUND

OBJECTIVE: To determine the horizontal length of a line over uneven and sloping

ground by the method of breaking tape.

EQUIPMENT: 30-m or 100-ft Steel Tape, Chaining Pins, Range Poles, Pegs or

Hubs, Spring Scale, and Plumb Bobs

PROCEDURE:

1. Measuring Uphill

a. On a designated uneven and sloping terrain, mark the ends of a line

(about 90 m long) to be measured. Designate the hub at the bottom of the

slope as point A and the hub at the upper portion of the slope as point B.

Range poles are held or set behind each point to serve as markers, or are

set at intermediate points along the line to insure better alignment during

taping.

b. Head tapeman unreels and spreads out the tape and pulls the zero mark

uphill along the line from point A. The rear tapeman raises the 30-m (or

100-ft) end of the tape breast high while the head tapeman moves back to

a place on the line near a full meter (or foot) mark where the ground
 surface is as high as the other raised end of the tape. The head tapeman

stays by the side of the line measured and holds a chaining pin on the

ground.

c. The rear tapeman temporarily releases end of the tape and signals head

tapeman to either move to the right or to the left in order to align him.

When the pin of the head tapeman is in line with the range pole held over

point B, the head tapeman is then signaled to stick the pin vertically into

the ground.

d. Rear tapeman plumbs from point A to the terminal mark of the tape with a

plumb bob and maintains this plumb bob steadily over A while head

tapeman pulls the tape taut, and making sure that the tape is on line by

bringing one of its edges in contact with the previously aligned pin. The

head tapeman then moves the pin opposite the nearest full meter or foot

mark of the tape and he sticks it firmly into the ground.

e. The rear tapeman leaves his end of the tape, moves up the slope and gets

hold of the tape at the point previously held by the head tapeman. The

next measurement is made horizontally from the pin stuck in the ground

by the head tapeman as done at point A.

f. The process is repeated until the whole tape length is used up thus

finishing the measurement of one tape length of horizontal distance.

g. From the pin marking the end of one tape length measurement, the

horizontal measurement is continued until point B is reached. The last

partial tape length is measured with the rear tapeman holding the tape
 until he has a full meter (or foot) mark at his end while the head tapeman

pulls the tape taut and takes note of the fractional measurement. Then the

number of tape lengths and the last partial measurement are totaled to

determine the horizontal length of the line measured.

2. Measuring Downhill

a. In measuring down the slope, the tape is reversed to bring its zero end

forward in the direction of point A along the line. Horizontal measurement

starts from B with the rear tapeman holding his terminal meter (or foot)

mark of tape in level with B.

b. After the plumb bob of the head tapemen has been aligned with the range

pole held at A, the head tapeman drops the plumb bob causing it to leave

a mark on the ground. He then sticks a pin at the ground mark left by the

plumb bob.

c. The next horizontal measurement starts from the pin until one whole tape

length is measured. As in measuring up the slope, the number of tape

lengths plus the partial tape length at the end of the line determines the

total horizontal length of the line.

d. Tabulate observed and computed values accordingly. Refer to the

accompanying sample format for the tabulation of data.

 TRIAL LINE LENGTH DIFFERENCE MEAN RELATIVE

POSITION

1 AB 99.12 0.06 99.15

1
1653
2 BA 99.18

COMPUTATIONS

1. The mean length of the measured line is determined by adding the two

measurements and dividing the sum by two. This is also known as the most

probable value of the length of the line.

(99.12 + 99.18)
𝑀=
2

M= 99.15

2. The discrepancy for the measurement is the difference between the first

measurement and the second measurement.

D= 99.18 – 99.12

D= 0.06

3. The relative precision of the measurement is determined by dividing the

discrepancy by the mean length, where the numerator is reduced to unity or 1.

Relative precision is expressed in fractional form and the denominator is rounded

to the nearest hundredth.

0.06 2
𝑅𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 = =
99.15 3305
𝟏
𝑹𝒆𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒗𝒆 𝑷𝒓𝒆𝒄𝒊𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏 =
𝟏𝟔𝟓𝟑