A Qualitative Study on the Pay Difference between

In-House and Freelance Visual Artists

Añonuevo, Maria Beatriz D.

Margallo, Margaret Phoebe S.
Villanueva, Elisha A.

A Qualitative Research Paper

submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the
subject Practical Research 1,
SHS Department, St. Paul University Manila

May 2021
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A Qualitative Study on the Pay Difference Between In-house and Freelance Visual Artists
May 2021

Añonuevo, Maria Beatriz D. Margallo, Margaret Phoebe

Arts and Design Track Arts and Design Track

Villanueva, Elisha A.
Arts and Design Track

Abstract

In this research study, the researchers will be focusing on the pay difference between in-
house and freelance visual artists, as well as their experiences and struggles that these artists
encounter. Choosing a career path has been a challenge for those who aspire to become visual
artists. This study would benefit the artists and as well as the researchers who have an interest in
the subject matter. With the help of the researchers’ participants, who are known to be
experienced artists, have provided the best information that is needed for the aims of their study
where they would find out the financial status of in-house and freelance artists, the best way to
work on, and to know the advantages and disadvantages of both parts.
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Acknowledgement
We, the researchers, would like to extend our deepest gratitude to Ms. Hanna Lopera, our
beloved Practical Research 1 teacher. With the help of her expertise, we were able to achieve the
completion of this study.
We would also like to thank the employed visual artists who gave a few minutes of their
time to share their experiences and personal stories about their profession. Their responses have
been the greatest contribution to this study.
To our friends and family who had been with us through this journey, helping us to find
those respondents, giving us advice, and for motivating us while doing this research.
Lastly, we would like to show our appreciation to the Lord, our Almighty God, for giving
us the knowledge, power, and patience throughout this research.
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Table of Contents
Title Page…………………………………………………………………………. i
Abstract…………………………………………………………………………….ii
Acknowledgement………………………………………………………………… iii
Table of Contents…………………………………………………………………. iv
List of Figures and Tables…………………………………………………………v
List of Appendices……………………………………………………………….....v
Chapter I. The Problem and its Background
1.1 Introduction………………………………………………………………. 1
1.2 Background of the Study………………………………………………….2
1.3 Statement of the Problem…………………………………………………2
1.4 Significance of the Study…………………………………………………. 2
1.5 Review of Related Literature……………………………………………. 3
1.6 Scope and Limitation…………………………………………………….. 6
1.7 Definitions of Terms….…………………………………………………... 6
Chapter II. Research Methodology
2.1. Research Design…………………………………………………………... 7
2.2. Respondents of the Study and Sampling Techniques…………………...7
2.3. Data Collection Methods and Instruments……………………………....7
2.4. Data Analysis ………………………………………................................... 8
2.5. Ethical Consideration…………………………………………………….. 8
Chapter III. Presentation, Analysis, and Interpretation of Data
3.1. Purpose of the Study……………………………………………………… 9
3.2. Demographics……………………………………………………………... 9
3.3. Presentation of Findings………………………………………………….. 11
Chapter V. Summary, Conclusion, and Recommendation
5.1. Summary of Findings……………………………………………………..16
5.2. Conclusion…………………………………………………………………18
5.3. Recommendations………………………………………………………....18
References
Appendices
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List of Tables
Chapter III
Table 1: Sex, Frequency, and Percentage...………………………………………... 9
Table 2: Age, Frequency, and Percentage..………………………………………... 10
Table 3: Educational Attainment, Frequency, and Percentage...…………………... 10
Table 4: Monthly Salary, Frequency, and Percentage……………………………... 10
Table 5: Financial Status, Frequency, and Percentage...…………………………... 11
Table 6: Types of Work Based on Participants’ Educational Attainment…………..11
Table 7: Factors affecting the Artists’ Preference (Freelance or In-House)..……... 25

List of Appendices
Appendix A. Correspondences
B. Informed Consent Form
C. Research Instruments
D. Documents
E. Data Analysis
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Chapter I
The Problem and its Background

1.1 Introduction
The rise of new freelance career opportunities in recent years has been accompanied by a
sharp increase in the concerns from many visual artists on the pay difference between studio and
freelance work. There has been a lot of confusion regarding this particular topic and. It is the
problem that this study will address.
To give some background, let’s first discuss the difference between freelance and in-
house artists. Studio or in-house artists are defined by employees who work for a corporation
while a freelance artist is essentially someone who is self-employed. (Blackman, A. 2015) Now,
what are the pros and cons of these two fields? Working in-house offers stability and a safer
economic outlook, you will be ensured payment for your work at all times. Unlike in freelance
where it is a little risky because it all depends on finding your own customers through promoting
yourself online or through reference groups, but with this downside also comes an upside of
independence. Despite the norm of getting a secure office job, some would opt to choose this
career path in order to have complete control over their craft. Freelance gives you more
flexibility however, proper time management is needed. A benefit of working as a studio artist is
that you have a schedule. You will be in a social work environment therefore, you will be
reminded of deadlines and may ask for questions, critique, or assistance from co-workers that
surround you.
There are plenty of big questions artists have to ask themselves and one of the toughest
choices to make is deciding whether to become a freelancer or in-house artist (Carter, D. 2018)
this is where finding out the pay gap comes in useful, and considering these variables, the choice
is still unclear, the decision boils down to income, Our reason for conducting this study is to
assist in helping to find out which would be a better occupational choice for any upcoming or
already working artists who may still be confused to decide or to change their career paths.
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1.2 Background of the Study
1.2.1 Rationale
A challenge that an artist faces is by choosing between becoming a freelance artist or an
in-house artist as a career to pursue. A freelance artist is an artist who works for many clients.
You create and sell your art on your terms. It can mean creating physical artwork and trying to
sell it online or offline (Ciszewska, Z. 2020). An in-house artist works for a company or
corporation. The artwork they do ranges from graphics to product development. When you are an
in-house artist, you cannot claim copyright for the work you do – your company owns the
copyright (Bloom, K. 2020). With this, the researchers chose this topic as the main focus of their
study because as aspiring artists, the researchers have an interest in the subject matter. Knowing
what job earns more is helpful if the researchers greatly consider financial status. With this
possible research, artists may open themselves to new perspectives within their professions.

1.2.2 Objectives
This study aims to:
● To know the financial status of both artists
● To know which is a stable job to pursue
● And to know the pros and cons of both parts stated by some experienced or professional
artists which would be beneficial for the researchers and as well for the aspiring artists.

1.3 Statement of the Problem

This study aims to determine the pay difference between in-house and freelance visual
artists with the use of qualitative research. It is expected that by the end of this research, the
answers will be known to these following questions:
1. Who earns more? An in-house or a freelance artist?
2. Which of the two works best for most artists and saves money?
3. How do artists decide between freelance and in-house?

1.4 Significance of the Study

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This research will help shed light on previous knowledge and lessons other artists have
learned from their experiences working professionally. This will be significant and beneficial to
the following groups of people:
Freelance and in-house artists, This research may help them gain more insight about the
potential of other jobs and can lead them to switch occupations if they find that another choice
may be a better fit for their career and livelihood if it suits them and their financial status more.
Aspiring artists and art students, Many art students or aspiring artists in general still haven’t
decided on their career paths and may still be confused as to what freelance and in-house gigs
would offer them, This study will serve as their basis on what it would be like working in each
field and can help them decide on their future career options.
Employers and customers, This research can give employers or customers a better
understanding of freelance and in-house artists. If they choose to hire or purchase from an artist
they will know the proper payment which can avoid any doubts on the pricing of artworks. This
can also help them know which kind of artist they need for the job.
Future Researchers, This study can be beneficial to other researchers because it can serve as a
reference or guide in conducting further studies. Future researchers may add upon the topics
discussed to further the knowledge in this given topic.

1.5 Review of Related Literature

The study, “The Use and Value of Freelancers: The Perspective of Managers” by Burke
A. and Cowling M. (2015) has conducted a survey regarding the theoretical and empirical
research about the role of freelancers by the executives and owner-managers. As evidence, it is
said that freelancers serve in the modern economy and also provide useful marketing insight that
identifies their skills for entrepreneurship and may also be helpful for the creative field in visual
arts as defined by the customers or audience. According to this study, there are three types of
workers: the core employees, professional freelancers, and routine workers. It is said that
freelancers are considered to be more skilled than the employees and the creators of
employment. However, the organization that employs freelancers defines it as the largest group
that fits the skilled professional characterization. In 2011, Burke illustrated a labor force that
presents a 2x2 matrix table and divides whether a person is employed or self-employed, and a
manager or a worker. However, in the matrix that Burke illustrated, freelancers were considered
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self-employed but have no managerial status. Also presented in the table the reason why self-
employed entrepreneurs or workers share common characteristics with freelancers.
The value of freelancers was recognized in many ways that are presented in a theoretical
model that is based on empirical observation. According to Burke (2011), explained that
freelancers, “enable businesses to manage, in fact, reduce, entrepreneurial risk and so promote
innovation and entrepreneurship.” Additionally, benefits are generated through a working
partnership by freelancers. These freelancers contribute innovation, flexible and agile time
management, and can manage entrepreneurial risk. This serves as evidence that the potential cost
savings generated by freelancers are very high. It has become a key performance in any kind of
field for a career that freelancers can facilitate, manage and do all the things in terms of his or her
business.

The Creative Independent (2018) conducted an anonymous survey for visual artists about
their ability and inability to achieve financial stability. The purpose of that report is to present
how structures of the art world affect the growth of artists’ careers, earnings, and ways to satisfy
human needs. They have compiled 1,016 visual artists as respondents to their survey and they
made divisions (experience in the art world, artistic medium, gender, racial diversity, and
location) to consider possible factors that may affect the difference of the participants’ response.
When asked how the respondents define “financially stable” most of them felt that it
meant consistently having enough money to cover basic expenses and also being able to save
money at the same time. They gave a scale of 1-10 for the visual artists to rank themselves on
how financially stable they think they are. The majority felt fairly neutral with their financial
stability level with an average ranking of 5. However, respondents that rated their financial
stability level a 1, meaning “not at all financially stable”, were greater than those who rated their
financial stability level a 9 or 10, meaning “completely financially stable”. Another part of the
report also presented the income that artists earn annually. In the United States, the median
household income was said to be $58,000 per year (United States Census Bureau, 2016). Their
survey showed that only 17% of the visual artists that participated make more than that and just
22% made $50,000-$60,000 in that range or higher. Although, it was also presented that most of
them felt sufficiently uncertain about their financial stability in the future.
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Based on the report, respondents named their three most helpful sources of income in
sustaining their art practice. At the top is the “doing freelance/contract work” with 61% of the
respondents including this at their list of top three income sources. Next, with 42% of the
respondents adding these to their list, are the “having a job that’s unrelated to my practice” and
“having a job that’s related to my practice” tied. Last is the “having family support or
inheritance” which nearly 29% of the respondents listed. The percentage of how much their total
income comes from their art practice was also asked and almost half of the participants
responded that only 0-10% of what they earn is from their art practice. Those who responded that
75%-100% of their income is because of their artwork were only 17% of the respondents.
From the 1,016 visual artists who participated in their survey, only 291 of them said that
they have experienced being represented by a gallery before. The data results show that being
represented by a gallery is not quite helpful for an artist to feel more financially stable although,
it does seem to be moderately helpful for an artist’s career growth. With receiving grants,
fellowships, paid residencies, or support from other types of institutions, 418 respondents have
had these. It appears that those institutional supports do not particularly help artists to feel more
financially stable but most respondents would highly recommend those to other artists for the
development of their profession.

This next study by Authors, Joanna Woronkowicz J. & and Noonan D.S. (2017) focusing
on the question “Who Goes Freelance? The Determinants of Self-Employment for Artists”
examines the behaviors leading artists to go freelance. Both professional in-house artists and
freelance artist workers often shift in and out of independent freelance gigs and company jobs.
However, the lack of opportunities frequently causes artists to take the route of freelancing.
Although, In-house work might seem to be ideal to have a stable income in truth, this may not
really be the case for everyone.
The second half of the research primarily focuses on discussing the results gathered by
the authors, after tabulating and analyzing these results, it is clear that most would opt to work
freelance depending on their demographics. This includes their gender, marital status, and
education. Apparently, these factors are very valuable in convincing artists to become self-
employed. Another important fact in the matter is, as long as it will be more lucrative, the artists
would choose to work freelance when it comes to art-related jobs. From my understanding, this
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is because it will enable them to work part-time and hold multiple jobs, thereby bringing them
more earnings and a steady income.
Nearing the last part of this study, there is a brief discussion from the authors of the
contribution that this study has made. What they found out are some interesting facts about
artists and how they go from paid employment to freelancing, and then back to paid employment
again. It seems to me that visual artists do not need extensive work experience to go freelancing,
unlike in other professions. This highlights how artists variables or factors leading to freelancing
could be different from other professions. Results from this previous research can open up more
topics to explore that can be helpful to policy-making related to freelancing or artist
entrepreneurship. like higher salary and benefits, better working conditions, flexible working
hours, and other additional incentives for freelance workers.

1.6 Scope and Limitation

The researchers will be conducting a qualitative study on the pay difference between in-
house and freelance visual artists. The participants will be employed as visual artists in various
fields. The scope of this study covers how the respondents decided on their chosen career paths
and why they chose them. They will be answering questionnaires via Google Forms. The
questionnaires will be another tool for the researchers to seek the answers to the research
questions presented at the statement of the problem.
Due to the current situation with the covid-19 pandemic, this research will carry out in an
online set-up. The number of participants that the study will have will be limited to the
researchers’ ability to get employed artists that they know will be comfortable with sharing their
financial status and career situation.

1.7 Definition of Terms

In-house. A part of a certain organization or company.
Freelance. Working for various companies at your own convenient time rather than being stable
at one company.
Pay gap. The difference between the average pay of two different groups of people.
Visual artist. Someone involved in the arts of traditional or digital painting, sculpting,
photography, etc, as opposed to music, drama, and literature.
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Chapter II
Research Methodology

2.1. Research Design

In this research study, the type of qualitative design/method that the researchers used is
the phenomenological research design. Phenomenology is a type of qualitative research design
that focuses on the experiences of a person or a group of people and looks into its deeper
meaning. By using phenomenology in this research study, the researchers would relate this as
they find out the experiences of in-house and freelance visual artists. The researchers will look
deeper into which of the two is more stable and as well as the efficiency of working, financial
status, and many more based on the experiences of in-house and freelance artists.

2.2. Respondents of the Study and Sampling Techniques

In this qualitative study on the pay difference between in-house and freelance visual
artists, the respondents are composed of professional and non-professional visual artists who
have experience in working in-house or freelance. This study will be conducted online on any
social media platform where the researchers get to find visual artists whom they know.
Upon choosing the respondents for this study, the researchers will be using the snowball
sampling technique where they will ask for a referral from their first respondents and get more
referrals to more respondents referred by their first respondents. The researchers decided to use
this technique for their study since some of them know a few professional and non-professional
visual artists which could help them to gain more respondents.

2.3. Data Collection Methods and Instruments

The researchers will be using a survey as their data collection method through a
questionnaire as their data-gathering instrument. They will not be gathering data in a verbal/oral
manner. It will be a type-written survey that will be answered by the participants through Google
Forms which will help in gaining more valid information that will be needed in the study.
The questions that will be present in the questionnaire will be semi-structured. There will
be some parts that the next question will depend on the participants’ answer to the question
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before that. The questionnaire will also be self-administered; the researchers will not be a part of
the respondents’ experience in answering it. Since the questionnaire will be in Google Forms, it
will be sent to the participants through online message or email for them to handle it on their
own and the results will be immediately seen by the researchers, once they have completed it.

2.4. Data Analysis

The data analysis instrument we will be using is Proximity Matrix. A Proximity Matrix is
a way of tabulating data wherein we will be presenting the similarities or differences in the
experiences of two types of respondents. This is precisely why it is suitable and relevant for our
own research. Our topic revolves around studying the pay difference or pay gap between
freelance artists and in-house artist workers. Based on the responses of the two groups of visual
artists, we can start comparing their experiences to one another and this will help us identify the
factors that make a difference in their salary or payment.

2.5. Ethical Consideration

The purpose of this research is to gain more information about the difference in the
financial state of in-house and freelance visual artists. The information that this study will
acquire is expected to help future artists in deciding their career paths. The number of
participants will depend on the accessibility of the researchers to look for employed visual artists
that will be willing to participate although the amount of in-house artists and freelance artists that
will respond in the questionnaire will be equal to maintain fairness with the conclusions.
The researchers will present the results with the participants remaining anonymous and
stating their names during the data-gathering will not be a must. Since the information that the
researchers will be receiving is quite personal, they will ensure to the participants that it will be
used strictly for the study only and nothing more. With the online set-up, the responses from the
online questionnaire or Google Forms will only be accessible by the researchers and will be
handled with the consent of the respondents.
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Chapter III
Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data

3.1 Purpose of the Study

Throughout the years, the rise of freelance career opportunities made many concerns
from many visual artists on the pay difference between studio and freelance work have been
increasing. Choosing between becoming a freelance or in-house has always been a challenge that
every artist faces. The researchers have an interest in the subject matter as they aspire to become
visual artists as their career in the future. This study will help the researchers accomplish their
goals as they find out the financial status of both artists (freelance or in-house), which of the two
is stable for them to pursue, and to know the pros and cons of both parts such as experiences and
struggles that an artist encounters. As this study aims to determine the pay difference of freelance
and in-house visual artists, it is expected that by the end of this research, some problems may
have already been answered such as who earns more according to freelance and in-house artists,
which of the two works best for most artists and saves money, and lastly, the decision making on
how these artists decide between freelance and in-house as a career path to pursue. 

3.2 Demographics
In this study, the researchers have found 24 respondents in total. 50% (12) of the
respondents are in-house visual artists, while the other 50% (12) are freelance visual artists.
Presented below is the frequency distribution table of the characteristics of the respondents with
its frequency and percentage. 
Table 1
Sex, Frequency, and Percentage
Sex Frequency Percentage
Male 4 16.7%
Female 20 83.3%
Total: 24 100%

Table 2
Age, Frequency, and Percentage
Age Frequency Percentage
17-24 20 83.3%
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25-32 2 8.3%
33-40 0 0%
41-48 1 4.2%
49-56 1 4.2%
Total: 24 100%

Table 3
Educational Attainment, Frequency, and Percentage
Educational Attainment Frequency Percentage
High School Graduate 5 20.8%
College Graduate 17 70.8%
College Undergraduate 2 8.3%
Total: 24 100%

Table 4
Monthly Salary, frequency, and Percentage
Monthly Salary Frequency Percentage
Below P10,000 5 20.8%
P10,000-P15,000 4 16.7%
P15,000-P20,000 2 8.3%
P20,000-P25,000 9 37.5%
P25,000-P30,000 1 4.2%
Above P30,000 3 12.5%
Total: 24 100%

Table 5
Financial Status, Frequency, and Percentage
Financial Status Frequency Percentage
Stable 7 29.2%
Unstable 8 33.3%
Unsure 9 37.5%
Total: 24 100%
Based on the survey that the researchers conducted, most college graduates (12) are the
ones who work as in-house artists. On the other hand, high school graduates and undergraduates
are into freelance as well as a few (6) college graduates who may consider freelancing as their
profession.
Table 6
Types of Work Based on Participants’ Educational Attainment
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Educational Attainment In-house Freelance

High School Graduate 1 4

College Graduate 11 6
Undergraduate 0 2

3.3 Presentation of Findings

The respondents have given fair thoughts and opinions about their preference on what
they would rather choose, doing freelance or working in-house. They have shared their
experiences and how they are in their current status. The questions that were presented in the
survey were to find out the factors that affected their preference which are sense of fulfillment,
personal needs/ reasons, views about the other option, satisfaction with the pay, opportunities,
working abroad and their final thoughts. The differences and similarities of their responses about
those themes are presented in Table 6 at Appendix E.
  The researchers have started off with the question “How fulfilling is it as a freelance/in-
house artist?” Majority of freelancers have responded that what they do is quite fulfilling because
of the reason that they do what they love at their own convenience. They get to move on their
own time, market their own brand, and accept or decline whoever they want to work with.
Respondent J said, “It’s surprisingly fulfilling in a way where I’m not bound by the same
restrictions as in-house artists…” She addresses her insight that in-house artists are limited to
what the company asks of them and that they cannot explore on their own unlike with how she
is, she decides and works on her circumstances as a freelance artist.
         The responses from the in-house artists are a variety. Some have responded that they are
fulfilled because they get to work with colleagues which means they get to meet people that may
experience the same situations that they have because they are fellow artists as well. This is also
an opportunity for them to “...to learn and grow with the help of your colleagues” (R). There
were also responses that it is fulfilling because they get to maintain their productivity with the
experience of rush workloads. Respondent A explained, “Fulfillment depends on 2 things,
income and its relationship to your belief in the company for an in house employee. No matter
how much you’re paid stability, if you don’t believe in what your company stands for it is not
fulfilling…” She explains that even if the company gives you assurance that you will be
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financially stable, if you are not happy with where you are or you do not have faith in your
company, reaching that sense of fulfillment will not be achievable.
         For some participants, their choices were based on their personal situations. For both
freelance and in-house artists, they searched for the most efficient way for them to get employed.
For the freelancers since most of them are in the age range of 19-29, most of them are still
college undergraduates. They found freelancing as a way for them to help their families and
themselves financially without the worry of committing their time to certain companies since
they are still studying. Especially in this time of pandemic, it was hard to look for companies that
are accepting applicants which is why freelancing was the quickest way for them to earn money
independently. In-House artists also had the reasons of wanting to earn money for themselves
and their families but for them, working in a company was the way for them to get a stable
income. “Your salary is monthly. No worries to search for projects to sustain daily living”,
respondent Q said. Since the company that they are working for provides a monthly salary, they
feel more secured and they also have the company’s given benefits for them as employees.
         When asked if they ever considered the other option, they gave their different
perceptions. Most of the freelancers answered that they did not yet consider working in-house
because some of them are not taking up arts as their major and some do not believe that they are
qualified because they do not have an art degree. There were also responses saying that they are
still exploring their choices. For those who considered it, they mentioned the benefits of secure
pay and it is also good for experience. “With working in-house like for a brand or an agency you
have more secure pay, benefits, defined work hours, etc.”, respondent L said. However,
respondent U gave a strong opinion saying “…most in-house artist in the Philippines are
underpaid.” They have the perception that in-house artists do have regular and stable income but
are also underpaid because they are here in the Philippines.  
         Majority of the in-house artists definitely considered doing freelance but they would want
to do freelance while working in-house for extra income. Some of them are already doing
freelance on the side because they are in need of more than what they get in their recent jobs.
Respondent I said, “…it gives you an opportunity to do something else under your control rather
than the usual stuff you do at work” He addresses the point that doing freelance can give you
more opportunities to explore your skills and work outside the box of your company. However,
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respondent T gave her insight saying, “Considered, but it’s hard to find clients that will actually
pay for your work.”
The most noticeable difference with how they responded is when they were asked if they
found their pay/salary reasonable. The freelance artists responded that they make sure that the
final agreed on price is reasonable for both them and their clients. Most of them have
encountered having arguments with their clients about the price of their work but they know
what they are worth. Respondent K explained, “The importance of becoming a freelance graphic
designer is owning your craft. You have to stand your ground, and if that meant that you have to
establish with yourself with a specific price, or a price range then you have to stick to that. In
situations where in the client wouldn't agree with a price, I would try to look for a middle
ground, but if it far from what I've promised with myself, then the project is not for me...” Since
they have the choice to accept or decline their clients and some already have a base price set,
they find what people pay them is reasonable.
Surprisingly, the in-house artists, the ones that were mentioned several times that have
stable income, have other insights in mind. Only a few of them said that their salary was
reasonable for the work that they do. Most of them mentioned that since they are working in the
Philippines, they are underpaid. “…here in the Philippines artist are belittled they thought that
it’s just an artwork that it is easy to do”, respondent H mentioned. In addition to that issue,
respondent A explained, “…compared to multinational companies that outsource their
freelancers here in the Philippines the pay is drastically different for alot less work” They
pointed out that most Filipinos do not appreciate the work of an artist and unlike for the
freelancers, they can argue with their clients while the in-house artists are stuck trying to accept
what the company thinks they are worth. Luckily for some of them as time passes by their salary
increases and meets their expectations. “I find it reasonable as the time pass by as it sometimes
meet my lifestyle and household needs; and I understand that I have to start with a meagre salary
in order for me to know that I grow and that my superiors trust me with my skills and talents.”,
respondent B shared. However, there are still more of them that had their salary increased but are
not yet satisfied or do not see it as reasonable still. Respondent V shared, “…personally at my
age and the all the years I’ve stayed in the company, I don’t think that I deserve a very low
salary.”
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Both freelance and in-house artists said that their work opens them to more opportunities
and it allows them to grow more as an artist. A common response from the freelancers is that
they learned how to be independent with managing themselves, their online exposure also helped
them to be discovered by others and led to them getting offers for bigger projects. Respondent G
shared, “...there are potential clients who gives opportunities to work on big projects such as
being able to illustrate a book, logos for businesses and it also opens you an opportunity to open
up your own shop wherein you can sell your art...” People approach them because they like their
work and another common response is that it gives them an opportunity to have a variety in their
portfolio. “I do not have any experience as an in-house artist, but I would assume that freelance
does have more opportunities in a way where you’re able to create a more diverse portfolio
depending on your clients...” (J).
All of the freelancers answered that they do think doing freelance opens them to more
opportunities while there are a few in-house artists that answered that they do not think working
in-house did the same. Respondent V shared, “No, because it is very repetitive especially I've
been doing it everyday for almost three decades.” She feels that she is stuck with the same
routine that the company asks of her to do which does not really feel like an opportunity for her
to grow as an artist. However, most have responded that with the presence of colleagues,
working in a company for experience, and their help of gaining connections, it has been a way
for them to explore their profession. “Yes, I find more opportunities with the people I work with.
It's good to have connections with other people that work in the art industry especially in the
philippines.” (W). Respondent R has also explained, “Let's say it's 50/50 for me since this might
depend on what type of company you're on. When you do freelancing, you grow as an individual
literally. You get to maximize your potential and produce a very clean and good output. When
you're doing in-house work sometimes you don't grow because you're just following what the
company has.” The possibility for them to gain opportunities to grow depends on what company
they are incorporated with since there are also experiences saying that “In my case, my company
allows me to work in some of its departments in connection with my skillset: I have produced
scripts for audiovisual presentations, produced non-news-related publicity materials, to name a
few.” (B).
The most similar response that the freelance and in-house artists had was in the question
“Have you considered working abroad instead of here in the Philippines?” They all had the same
 15
opinion that here in the Philippines, artists are underpaid because most Filipinos think that their
job is easy. Salary in another country is also higher according to most of them and of course they
also consider it for the experience. “Yes I've really considered working abroad. Most of my
clients are foreigners, and I rarely take local clients, with the reason being that they are more
generous and they see a designer's worth without question.” (K). They are more appreciated by
the people that are not even the same race as them. However, respondent O shared, “No, I want
to work first locally for experience and because I want to promote local Filipino artists, so that
art here in the Philippines will be appreciated more.” She still appreciates her country and hopes
that the time will come that belittling artists will be a rare moment.
For the final question that was asked to them, “If you have experienced both working in-
house and freelance, what do you prefer more and why?” the results were quite 50/50. There is
no specific answer to what artists generally prefer more because it depends on their different
situations. There were freelancers that responded that they are already content with where they
are right now, being independent with the freedom and some still wanted to work in-house for
the experience. With the in-house artists, some preferred to stay working within a company
because they would get regular pay plus the benefits, equipment are already provided, and the
chance to meet colleagues. Some still wanted to do freelance instead because they enjoyed doing
it more because they had their own time for it. Respondent B has given an insight, “...Though I
really hope that in the coming years and through legislation, proper compensation and benefits
and most especially security of tenure will be rightfully achieved by workers in the gig
economy.”

Chapter IV
Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation

4.1 Summary of Findings

The participants in this study have shared their experiences and personal thoughts about
their profession. The sense of fulfillment of the freelancers varied from their chance of staying
independent to not being limited to what a company asks of them. For the in-house artists, their
sense of fulfillment depended if they believed in the company that they are working for and if
 16
they were really doing their work not just for the regular pay. The presence of their colleagues
also adds up to their sense of fulfillment since they get to meet fellow artists as well.

Both freelance and in-house artists had a personal reason, wanting a way for them to do
what they love while earning money. The in-house artists considered the regular pay to sustain
the needs of their families. The freelancers also needed to help out at their homes but since most
of them are college undergraduates, working for themselves was the most convenient and best
way for them to earn money. Most freelancers did not see themselves working in-house because
of the reasons that they do not have an art degree or pursuing arts is not what they see for their
future. Others considered it for the monthly salary and the company benefits; however, a point
was addressed about in-house artists being underpaid here in the Philippines. For the in-house
artists, the majority of them considered doing freelance and some of them are already doing
freelance on the side for extra income. They considered it because they say that it is an
opportunity for them to do something outside the limited expectations of their company.

Freelancers are satisfied with their pay since they have the option of declining clients
who would argue with the price that they have set for their work. They make sure that the final
price talked about is both reasonable for them and their clients. For the in-house artists that is not
the case. Majority of them did not find their salary reasonable, they believe that they deserve
more for what they do in their company. They say that compared to international artists and the
companies that may accept them abroad, their salary here in the Philippines is drastically
unreasonable. However, there are a few that still think that their salary is reasonable.

The freelance and in-house artists have mentioned that there are more opportunities
abroad, other than the higher pay, artists are more appreciated compared to here in the
Philippines. Some also mentioned that their clients are mostly international because they are
more generous and understanding to them as artists. Although, one had high hopes for Filipino
artists in the future, thinking that they would be more valued as the time passed by.

The final question was to sum up their overall thoughts and the responses showed a very
fair result. Both groups had responses that they prefer where they are right now but there are also
responses saying that they would want the other option as well. For freelancers they would want
to work in-house for the experience and for the in-house they would like to do freelance for extra
 17
income and for the freedom that comes with it. There is no specific answer to what artists
generally prefer more because it depends on their different situations.

4.2 Conclusion

Based on the indicated findings from the survey conducted by the researchers, The
following conclusions were drawn:

1. Regarding the pay difference between in-house and freelance artists. The financial status
of both artists is generally matched. Both professions are stable jobs earning an average
income of ₱20,000 - ₱25,000. Previous research by The Creative Independent. (2018) has
also come to the conclusion that freelance is just as stable as in-house stating that “Doing
freelance/contract work was by far the most popular choice (61% of all respondents listed
this as one of their top three income sources)”. However, we have found that in contrast
to the Freelance artists, we can observe that none of the in-house artists have an income
lower than ₱10,000. This suggests that freelance artists’ careers take a little longer to
reach stability.
2. Most of the respondents answered “yes” when asked if they ever considered working
abroad and the main reason for their answers was because Filipino artists are underpaid.
A previous study by (Burke, A. and Cowling, M. 2015) found that “expenditures on
employment incentives have a positive impact on employment growth for firms of all
sizes” but the local businesses that hire artists seem to not have this knowledge as salary
is considerably lower for artists in the Philippines. This is why one might want to pursue
freelancing in search of more opportunities in selling their works to non-local customers
who are willing to support Filipino artists.
3. From the responses given both by the freelancers and the in-house workers, one
important factor has continuously surfaced; that is growth. Whether it is having freedom
and independence or having proper workplace, schedules and coworkers to rely on. It all
boils down to what career path will be most comfortable and benefit creative minds to
improve upon their craft.
 18
4.3 Recommendations

This study revealed some of the reasons behind the issues regarding pay difference,
underpayment, and indecision of artists. And thus, based on the findings and the conclusions
presented from it, The following recommendations are suggested:

1. For Aspiring Artists and Art Students, given that Freelance artists are self-employed, it
will be difficult to reach stability on the get-go. The researchers recommend that if artists
plan on becoming full-time professional freelancers, they need to think about how to
market themselves and be mindful of ensuring they take disciplinary measures to ensure
they get work done.
2. For Employers and Customers, to avoid the further underpayment of in-house artists and
to help them be acknowledged and taken seriously by Filipinos, we can petition the
various companies who employ artists to increase the salaries and benefits of their
employed artists. This will benefit both the company and their employed artists because it
will mean low turnover on employment, and the company will have excellent manpower
because they will have loyal employed artists.
3. For Freelance and In-House Artists, the researchers recommend that artists explore both
fields of freelance and in-house arts for them to experience the benefits of both career
paths so they can see what benefits them most and what they prefer more. It is also
important to note that choosing either freelance or in-house will not bind you to that
career forever.
4. For Future Researchers, from our experience with this research, we recommend to
future researchers that might be exploring the same type of topic to find an even number
of respondents to interview so that both sides of experiences from freelance and in-house
artists will be heard. 
 19
References
Blackman, A. (2015, November 2) Freelance Work Versus a Salary Job: The Pros and Cons.
Retrieved from: https://business.tutsplus.com/tutorials/freelance-work-versus-a-salary-job-
the-pros-and-cons--cms-25052  
Bloom, K. (2020). What Does “In-house Artist” Mean?. Retrieved from:
https://www.quora.com/What-does-in-house-artist-mean
Burke, A. and Cowling, M. (2015). The Handbook of Research on Freelancing and Self-
Employment. Retrieved from:
http://crse.co.uk/sites/default/files/The%20Handbook%20of%20Research%20on
%20Freelancing%20and%20Self-Employment_0.pdf#page=16 
Carter, D. (2018, December 3). Studio vs Freelance: The Pros and Cons. Retrieved from:
https://www.creativebloq.com/career/studio-vs-freelance-pros-and-cons-11618813
Ciszewska, Z. (2020, June 19). How To Work As A Freelance Artist. Retrieved from:
https://displate.com/blog/how-to-work-as-a-freelance-artist
The Creative Independent. (2018). Survey Report: A study on the financial state of visual artists
today. Retrieved from: https://tci-assets.s3.amazonaws.com/pdfs/artist-survey-report/artist-
survey-report.pdf
Woronkowicz, J. and Noonan, D. S. (2017). Who Does Freelance? The Determinants of Self-
Employment For Artists. Retrieved from: https://www.arts.gov/sites/default/files/Research-
Art-Works-IUPUI1.pdf

Appendices
 20
Appendix A. Correspondence
Good day! We are AADT1, students from St. Anthony of St. Paul University Manila and we
would like to invite you to participate in this survey on The Pay Difference between In-House
and Freelance Visual Artists. We would highly appreciate if you could give it a few minutes of
your time. Thank you very much and have a good day!☺️☺️
https://forms.gle/ZKv2tnK9o8acX3Qo8 

Appendix B. Informed Consent Form

Greetings! 

We are the students from Grade 11 - St. Anthony of St. Paul University Manila, and we are
conducting a study in partial fulfillment of our subject Practical Research 1. 

This is to invite you to participate in this survey about "A Qualitative Study on the Pay
Difference between In-House and Freelance Visual Artists". It is important that you read this
form before you answer the survey. Please know that we value your decision to join willingly in
this study. You are being informed that you have the free will to decline if you are not
comfortable participating. Also, please know that you are free to withdraw at any time during the
survey without any consequence on your part. Should you decide not to participate, you do not
need to ask permission from the researchers. Moreover, any questions related to the study can be
addressed to Maria Beatriz D. Añonuevo (mariabeatring@gmail.com), Elisha A. Villanueva
(elishavillanueva227@gmail.com), and Margaret Phoebe S. Margallo
(phoebe.margallo@gmail.com) 

In compliance with the data privacy law, your email address will only be required as part of the
consent form but will not be identified among the responses you will give in this survey. You
may decide not to give your name, for we will only require your age, sex, income, education, and
employment. 

Please be informed that all information will be treated with utmost confidentiality, that no names
or any identifiable information will be part of the paper, and that all responses will be reported in
 21
its consolidated form to safeguard your identity. Moreover, all the information collected will
only be accessible to the researchers and/or our mentor/teacher, and will be secured through this
Google Form. 

Lastly, all information you will give will only be used for this research purposes alone. Should
you agree with these terms, please continue with the form by clicking Next. 

Appendix C. Research Instruments

Personal Information
1. Name (optional) 
2. Sex
3. Educational attainment
4. Job description
5. What type of work are you incorporated with?
Freelance artists (For those who answered "freelance" in the last question of the previous
section. Please answer the questions truthfully.)
1. How fulfilling is it as a freelance artist? Elaborate in 2-3 sentences.
2. Why did you choose to be a freelance artist? Who or what encouraged you to do
freelance?
3. Did you ever consider working in-house instead? Why or why not?
4. When having arguments with clients about the price of your work, do you find the final
price agreed on reasonable? Why or why not?
5. Do you think that doing freelance work opens you to more opportunities and allows you
to grow more as an artist? Why or why not?
In-House artists (For those who answered "in-house" in the last question of the previous
section. Please answer the questions truthfully.)
1. How fulfilling is it as an in-house artist? Elaborate in 2-3 sentences.
2. Why did you choose to be an in-house artist? Who or what encouraged you to work in-
house? 
3. Did you ever consider doing freelance instead? Why or why not? Or are you already
doing freelance on the side? Why so?
 22
4. With the salary that the company has set for your work, do you find it reasonable as an
artist? Why or why not?
5. Do you think that doing in-house work opens you to more opportunities and allows you
to grow more as an artist? Why or why not?
Freelance and In-House artists (Questions for both types of employed artists.) 
1. How much is your monthly salary?
2. Do you consider yourself financially stable?
3. Have you considered working abroad instead of here in the Philippines? Why or why
not? (type "N/A" if you are already working abroad)
4. Do you find your current work somehow related to your college degree? Why or why
not? (type "N/A" if you are not a college graduate)
5. If you have experienced both working in-house and freelance, what do you prefer more
and why? 

Appendix D. Documents
23
24
25
 26

Appendix E. Data Matrix

Table 7
Factors Affecting the Artists’ Preference (Freelance or In-House)

CODES: RESPONSES (Freelance RESPONSES (In-House

Artists) Artists)

1. Sense of Fulfillment “I have my own free time and “Fulfillment depends on 2 things,
only had to update my clients income and its relationship to
once every two days. The work your belief in the company for an
is not that tiring since I enjoy in house employee. No matter

making art anyways...” (E)
“I can work on projects on my
own time, being able to earn
money by doing what I love
and I am able to learn, develop
and improve myself to be
better and explore the world of
art.” (G)
“It's surprisingly fulfilling in a
way where I'm not bound by
the same restrictions as in-
house artists..." (J)
“...I get to go for ideal and
dream clients, and I can easily
say no to brands that I do not
resonate with.” (K)
“Being a freelancer is fulfilling
because I can do what I am
passionate about, which is art.
It is also fulfilling in the sense
that I can get to choose which
clients and projects to work
on.” (M)
“As a freelance digital artist, it
is very fulfilling because you
can get a break from your daily and I feel productive and
27
how much you’re paid stability,
if you don’t believe in what your
company stands for it is not
fulfilling...” (A)
“It is fulfilling because I have the
chance to meet my workmates as
we exchange ideas and
opinions...” (B)
“It’s challenging and stressful
but it’s fun when you’re doing
something that you love and
have something that keeps you
going.” (F)
“fulfilling if you show what
youre capable of and or if they
show appreciation” (I)
“You get to learn and grow with
the help of your colleagues...”
(R)
“You get to meet different
people and experience some rush
workloads.” (T)
“Yes, It's fulfilling because I
have my own work schedules

work routine. I love doing
digital arts as a hobby and
alternative source of income as
I always think about growth
and love challenging myself to
get better with every project I
work on.” (U)
2. Personal Needs/ “I just tried it because during
Reasons the pandemic we really need to
be able to help out...” (E)
“...In the beginning of
quarantine, my dad almost lost
his job and we were having
financial problems; I accept art
commissions to be able to help
my father and to provide our
needs...” (G)
“By default I think I became a
freelance artist in college since
it would have been difficult to
find full-time employment
doing graphic work while
studying!...” (L)
“I choose to be a freelance
artist because I cannot commit
yet in becoming an in-house
28
fulfilled when I've completed a
full week of work.” (W)
“Yes, working as a graphic
designer is my passion, I feel
fulfilled because becoming a
working artist has been my
childhood dream.” (X)
“Experience in a corporate
setting after college and stable
income” (A)
“...At the time I was working as
a call center agent for an airline
and I just wanted to get out and
have a job that is related to what
I studied for back in college.
Also, I needed a higher salary for
me to support my child.” (F)
“...I tried to look for work that I
wanted and where I will enjoy
and make myself grow. Also for
peace of mind.” (R)
“Your salary is monthly. No
worries to search for projects to
sustain daily living.” (Q)
“It is much more efficient since

artist or a full time artist and I
prioritize my studies more...”
(O)
3. Views about the Other “I definitely considered it.
Option With working in-house like for
a brand or an agency you have
more secure pay, benefits,
defined work hours, etc.” (L)
“...I wanted to try in-house
work in the future for
experience and an opportunity
to grow.” (O)
“...most in-house artist in the
Philippines are underpaid.” (U)
4. Satisfaction with the “I haven't had arguments
Pay before but I do have
encountered potentials clients
who thinks my art isn't worth
the price I put or they can't
afford to commission. In terms
of selling traditional painting,
yes. I'm also considering their
budget and especially if my
work is worth its final price”
(G)
29
all the needed equipment such as
computers and materials are
already provided by the
management.” (V)
“...it gives you an opportunity to
do something else under your
control rather than the usual stuff
you do at work.” (I)
“...I also do freelance on the side
to gain more income.” (Q)
“Considered, but it's hard to find
clients that will actually pay for
your work.” (T)
“No, because compared to
multinational companies that
outsource their freelancers here
in the Philippines the pay is
drastically different for alot less
work.” (A)
“I find it reasonable as the time
pass by as it sometimes meet my
lifestyle and household needs;
and I understand that I have to

“...I have a base price already
set, and I just inform them of
additional costs in case they
would like to negotiate. So far,
no one has tried to negotiate so
I would say that the final price
is reasonable since it came
from me.” (J)
“The importance of becoming
a freelance graphic designer is
owning your craft. You have to Philippines artist are belittled
stand your ground, and if that
meant that you have to
establish with yourself with a
specific price, or a price range
then you have to stick to that.
In situations where in the client company gives a low salary and
wouldn't agree with a price, I
would try to look for a middle
ground, but if it far from what
I've promised with myself, then fits you.” (Q)
the project is not for me. Most
of the time, I attract clients
who value the work of a
graphic designer and
thankfully they are very
generous, most often than not,
they wont question the price.
That's also a perk of being a
30
start with a meager salary in
order for me to know that I grow
and that my superiors trust me
with my skills and talents.” (B)
“It is reasonable but raising a
child and working from home
with the work that I do everyday,
I think I need more than what
I’m currently earning.” (F)
“Actually no, here in the
they thought that it's just an
artwork that it is easy to do.” (H)
“The salary of a designer usually
depends on the company. Some
some gives you high. Just know
your value as a designer so you
can gauge what company best
“No, because personally at my
age and the all the years I've
stayed in the company, I don't
think I deserve a very low
salary.” (V)
“Yes, I make sure my salary

freelance artist, who attract
your ideal clients, your specific into my work and the skill- level
niche.” (K)
“...I've seen many other artists
face this problem and I think
the final price would be
reasonable if it compensates
for the time and effort taken by
the artist. It is unreasonable to
lowball artists just because a
client thinks drawing is easy.”
(S)
5. Opportunities “yes, I do think so. This gives
me time to manage and expand
my knowldege base on the
work load given to us by the
clients.” (C)
“Yes. I got the chance to be
encouraged to make something
bigger than myself. I meet
these new and wonderful
people and hear some great
stories that really inspires me
to know that my art is helping
people other than myself.” (E)
“Yes, there are potential clients “In my case, my company allows
31
matches the time and effort I put
that I have attained.” (W)
“No, I think it is unreasonable
that filipino artists get so
underpaid.” (X)
“Yes, I recommend doing it for
1-2 years because you get to see
what your clients (most likely
companies) go through to come
to a decision. You get to
experience handling client
requests without the risk of doing
it all by yourself. At the same
time, you get to market yourself
to a multitude of people you
wouldn't have reach to if you
started with no foundation. As
they say, learn the tricks of the
trade before breaking them.” (A)

who gives opportunities to
work on big projects such as
being able to illustrate a book,
logos for businesses and it also
opens you an opportunity to
open up your own shop
wherein you can sell your art
and being able to work on
flexible time. And it also
allows you/me to learn and
come out of your comfort zone
on working on various
projects” (G)
“I do not have any experience
as an in-house artist, but I
would assume that freelance
does have more opportunities
in a way where you're able to
create a more diverse portfolio
depending on your clients...”
(J)
“First off, it made me more
independent. I am my own
accounts manager, production
staff, admin, marketing, and
designer. I understood the
value of time management
when I started freelancing. I
also learned to track the ins and personally in my company I do
32
me to work in some of its
departments in connection with
my skillset: I have produced
scripts for audiovisual
presentations, produced non-
news-related publicity materials,
to name a few.” (B)
“Yes, because I can make and do
whatever art piece I want” (D)
“It does help me grow as an
artist/designer because I learn a
lot from everything that I do
here. When it comes to opening
more opportunities, I think yes it
does too.” (F)
“Yes because you'll have
connections. Through
connections you'll have clients.”
(H)
“yes, you'll get to learn new
things from your co-workers and
share your knowledge at the
same time.” (I)
“It depends on what type of
company it is. Because

outs of finance, as well as
drafting contracts, negotiating
with clients, and representing
my own brand. I really think
freelance also opened me up to
more opportunities because I
am not "tied" down to an
agency, who mainly picks the
work for you. I get to choose.”
(K)
“...freelance by definition does
imply working for yourself,
finding job opportunities to
sustain yourself continuously,
and choosing projects that you
would say helps you grow as
an artist.” (L)
“Yes it opens more
opportunities, because you can
have multiple projects. It also
allows you to grow more as an
artist because you can choose
projects that fits your goals, ex. “No, because it is very repetitive
more drawing/illustration work especially I've been doing it
can help you practice your
drawing skills.” (M)
“The great thing about
freelancing is that people
33
some creative stuff but it's not
enough for me to grow as an
artist. Because there are still
limitations because it's an e-
commerce company.” (Q)
“Let's say it's 50/50 for me since
this might depend on what type
of company you're on. When you
do freelancing, you grow as an
individual literally. You get to
maximize your potential and
produce a very clean and good
output. When you're doing in-
house work sometimes you don't
grow because you're just
following what the company
has.” (R)
“I'm not sure in many
opportunities, but hope so when
finding new jobs in the future.”
(T)
everyday for almost three
decades.” (V) 
“Yes, I find more opportunities
with the people I work with. It's
 34

approach me because they like good to have connections with

my style, and have seen my other people that work in the art
work. That's definitely a great industry especially in the
feeling and it helps me work philippines.” (W)
on my personal style. But I
also loved the challenge of “Of course, because the more
working in the media: I learned and more experience I get, The
something every day. I suppose more skilled I become. And with
it depends on what growing as that new skillset follows more
an artist means to you, because opportunities and growth.” (X)
there can be growth
anywhere.” (N)

“Yes because I get to talk and

cater different type of people.
Being a freelance artist has a
sense of independence because
I don't work to anyone but
myself. I get to be responsible
and grow based on experience,
from negotiating with the
client to putting the craft
together and then getting a
feedback.” (O)

“I do think that it opens for

more opportunities since the
artists that I followed before
were all freelance and was
actually scouted because of
their artstyle...plus you get to
 35

make your own business as

well without anyone telling
you what and whatnot to draw”
(P)

“I agree that freelance work

can bring more opportunities
because a freelance artist
would draw for different kinds
of people. This means that
artists would have more variety
in their portfolio. This also
motivates an artist to make
more illustrations that is out of
their comfort zone.” (S) 

“Yes, it does. Doing more

freelance work does not just
help you grow more as an artist
but it also adds to your online
portfolio and it is what most
clients look at first when
applying for a job.” (U)

6. Working Abroad “Yes. Opportunities are better “Yes, I did consider working
abroad in any field, really.” (E) abroad but then I can’t leave my
child behind.” (F)
“Yes, there are lots of job
opportunities abroad and art is “Yes. Because of the experience
mostly appreciated and is that you'll gain and of course the
 36

considered a job in the salary.” (H)

different countries.” (G)
“Technically yes, because my
main audience are international country... and PH sucks in
clients and there is a higher
salary.” (J)
“Yes I've really considered
working abroad. Most of my
clients are foreigners, and I
rarely take local clients, with
the reason being that they are
more generous and they see a
designer's worth without
question.” (K)
“No, I want to work first
locally for experience and
because I want to promote
local Filipino artists, so that art
here in the Philippines will be
appreciated more.” (O)
“yes, artists not really
appreciated enough in the
general 😂” (I)
“Yes! I did some freelance
remote work for 6 months and
the salary is much higher. It's
twice of the basic salary. You're
work is not that heavy and you
get to balance your time.” (R)
“...I've experienced working
abroad but I decided to stay in
the Philippines even though there
are less opportunities for people
working in the arts because of
family reasons.” (W) 

“Yes I have considered

working abroad. This is
because the pay for artists is
higher in other countries
compared to the Philippines.”
(S)

“Yes, there are a lot more
opportunities for artists abroad
than here in the Philippines.”
(U)
7. Final Thoughts “I don't have any experience
working in-house. But I would
probably prefer freelance if I
were to have a stable income
because i could work on
flexible time and would stretch
out more of my creativity base
on the projects will be given”
(G)
“I don't have experience
working in-house, but I
honestly just prefer freelance
work because of the freedom
that comes with it.” (J)
“I guessed relating to m
internship experience and short artist/designer is what I prefer
stints as a back-up designer in
the events agency I worked in,
I would rather choose
freelancing. It's not just about
control or time that is freeing
with his set-up that I am for,
it's because of my creativity
37
“Freelance, because I like
controlling my time and work”
(A)
“I prefer working in-house as it
is expected that the machines and
gadgets to be used for work are
provided by the company.
Though I really hope that in the
coming years and through
legislation, proper compensation
and benefits and most especially
security of tenure will be
rightfully achieved by workers in
the gig economy.” (B)
“Working as an in-house
since I get to earn regularly than
doing freelance work because
I’m raising a child” (F)
“I prefer freelancing because you
handle your own time.” (H)
 38

attitude. I would like to “in house, get to know more

preserve my passion for the
arts and design but not doing
so much of it that it makes me
dread it. I realized how much I
resented arts and design when I “Both since I work depending on
made it my only sense of
purpose and driving passion.
It's important to stabilize and
balance things out, be realistic,
just so I can preserve things I
enjoy doing.” (K)
people/artist and learn from
them. 
monthly income & benefits” (I)
my health status.” (R)
“In-house. It is much more easier
and I won't get worried about
being unemployed anytime
soon.” (V)

“I think it's too early to tell, but “In-house because i like to work
since I'm young I think I'll for a company rather than market
definitely go back to in-house my own works.” (W)
soon. Experience is super
important, after all. Who “I enjoyed working freelance
knows, I might learn a bunch more but I am still trying to
of stuff that I'll need when I go adjust to in-house.” (X)
back to freelance for real
someday.” (N)

“I haven’t worked in-house

before but I’m already content
in doing freelance works” (P)

“I haven't experienced in-house

work so I think I prefer being a
freelancer since I can create
illustrations for different kinds
 39

of people.” (S)