Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Process Industry Practices Vessels
Process Industry Practices Vessels
December 1998
PIP VESV1002
Vessel/S&T Heat Exchanger Fabrication
Specification
ASME Code Section VIII, Divisions 1 and 2
PURPOSE AND USE OF PROCESS INDUSTRY PRACTICES
In an effort to minimize the cost of process industry facilities, this Practice has
been prepared from the technical requirements in the existing standards of major
industrial users, contractors, or standards organizations. By harmonizing these
technical requirements into a single set of Practices, administrative, application, and
engineering costs to both the purchaser and the manufacturer should be reduced. While
this Practice is expected to incorporate the majority of requirements of most users,
individual applications may involve requirements that will be appended to and take
precedence over this Practice. Determinations concerning fitness for purpose and
particular matters or application of the Practice to particular project or engineering
situations should not be made solely on information contained in these materials. The
use of trade names from time to time should not be viewed as an expression of
preference but rather recognized as normal usage in the trade. Other brands having the
same specifications are equally correct and may be substituted for those named. All
practices or guidelines are intended to be consistent with applicable laws and
regulations including OSHA requirements. To the extent these practices or guidelines
should conflict with OSHA or other applicable laws or regulations, such laws or
regulations must be followed. Consult an appropriate professional before applying or
acting on any material contained in or suggested by the Practice.
9/97 Issued
12/98 Revision
Not printed with State funds
REVISION
December 1998
PIP VESV1002
Vessel/S&T Heat Exchanger Fabrication
Specification
ASME Code Section VIII, Divisions 1 and 2
Table of Contents
5.2.5 External Attachments .............10
1. General Requirements.................3 5.2.6 Temporary Welded
1.1 Purpose ................................................3 Attachments ............................11
1.2 Scope ...................................................3 5.2.7 Vapor Belts .............................11
1.3 Alternative Design Proposals ...............3 5.3 Shop Fabrication ................................11
5.3.7 Finish ......................................12
2. References....................................4 5.3.8 Prevention of Stress Raisers
2.1 Process Industry Practices (PIP) .........4 in Impact Tested Materials.....12
2.2 Industry Codes and Standards.............4 5.3.9 Flanged Pressure Boundary
2.3 Other References.................................5 Joint Assembly.......................12
5.3.10 Tube-to-Tubesheet Joints.......12
3. Definitions.....................................5 5.3.11 Fixed Tubesheet Thickness ...14
5.3.12 Pass Partition Plates...............14
5.3.13 Dummy Tubes ........................14
4. Responsibilities............................6 5.3.14 Seal Strips ..............................14
4.1 Manufacturer’s Responsibilities ...........6 5.3.15 Skid Bars ................................14
4.2 Disclaimers...........................................6 5.3.16 Removable Component
4.3 Conflicts ...............................................6 Marking ..................................14
4.4 Documentation to be Provided by the 5.4 Tolerances .........................................15
Manufacturer........................................6 5.5 Welding ..............................................15
5.6 Postweld Heat Treatment...................16
5. Fabrication Requirements ...........7
5.1 Materials...............................................7
5.2 Design ..................................................9
5.2.1 General .......................................9
5.2.2 Vessel Layout .............................9
5.2.4 Nozzles and Reinforcing Pads 10
1. General Requirements
Note to Readers: This Practice contains fabrication criteria for pressure vessels and shell-
and-tube heat exchangers. Corresponding subject matter for pressure vessels and shell-and-
tube heat exchangers is covered by paragraphs identically numbered. Paragraphs pertaining
to pressure vessels are preceded by [V]. Paragraphs pertaining to shell-and-tube heat
exchangers are preceded by [E]. Paragraphs pertaining to both are preceded by [V/E]. In
addition, ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Section VIII, Division 2 requirements are
shown in braces { }.
This Practice should be used for pressure vessels built to Division 1 or Division 2 of the
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. Shell-and-tube heat exchangers are limited to
Division 1 in this Practice.
1.1 Purpose
[V/E] This Practice describes the general fabrication, examination, inspection,
testing, and documentation requirements for pressure vessels and shell-and-tube heat
exchangers to be constructed in accordance with Section VIII, Division 1 {or 2} of
the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, henceforth referred to as the Code.
[E] This Practice describes the additional requirements for shell-and-tube heat
exchangers to be constructed in accordance with TEMA Standards of the Tubular
Exchanger Manufacturers Association.
1.2 Scope
1.2.1 [V/E] This Practice is to be used in conjunction with design drawings or
Data Sheets, and for project-specific design criteria that may supersede the
requirements of this Practice but not take exception to the requirements of
the Code.
1.2.2 [V/E] Total compliance with the Code, including stamping, shall be a basic
requirement of all vessels ordered to this Practice. Unless otherwise
specified in the purchase order or the drawings, all “U-” {U2-} stamped
vessels shall be National Board (NB) registered.
1.2.3 [V/E] Deviations from this Practice require written approval by the User.
2. References
The following documents are only those specifically referenced in this Practice. In
applications where laws or regulations issued by municipal, state, provincial, or federal
authorities cover pressure vessels, those laws or regulations should be reviewed prior to the
initiation of design work since the requirements may be different or more restrictive than
those included in this Practice. Short titles will be used herein when appropriate.
3. Definitions
Approved Equal: A substitution to a specified product that has been approved in writing by
the Purchaser
Code: ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Section VIII, Division 1 {or 2}. References
to Division 2 are identified in braces { }.
Designer: The party responsible for defining and specifying the mechanical design
requirements (e.g., Vessel Drawing/Data Sheet) consistent with User criteria for use by the
Manufacturer. The Designer is frequently an engineering contractor, but could be the User,
third party consultant, or the Manufacturer.
Manufacturer: The party entering into a contract with the Purchaser to construct a vessel in
accordance with the purchase order
National Board: The National Board of Boiler and Pressure Vessel Inspectors, an
organization comprised of chief inspectors of various governmental jurisdictions in the
United States and Canada. Vessels meeting requirements of the Code, except those stamped
with the Code UM-symbol, can be registered with the National Board.
Purchaser: The party actually placing the order for the vessel or vessel components. This
may be the User or the User’s Designated Agent.
User: The party responsible for establishing construction criteria consistent with the Code
philosophy and service hazards. “User” refers to the owner and/or operator of the equipment.
Vessel: This term may be used as a non-specific reference to a pressure vessel or a shell-and-
tube heat exchanger
4. Responsibilities
4.2 Disclaimers
[V/E] Specified Design: When a vessel or vessel component design is specified on
the User’s vessel design drawings, the Manufacturer is in no way relieved of his
obligations and/or responsibilities to comply with the purchase specifications.
[V/E] Welding: Welded fabrication shall not be sublet by the Manufacturer without
prior approval of the Purchaser. Standard pressure parts covered under the provisions
of Code Paragraph UG-11 are exempted, as are multi-piece formed heads with a
Code part stamp.
[V/E] Inspection: Release for shipment by Purchaser’s or User’s inspector does not
relieve the Manufacturer of any responsibility for complying with the Code,
specifications and/or drawings.
4.3 Conflicts
[V/E] If the Manufacturer finds a conflict between this Practice, the design drawings
or Data Sheet, referenced codes and standards, or any supplementary specification,
the Manufacturer shall obtain written clarification from the Purchaser prior to
proceeding with any work.
5. Fabrication Requirements
5.1 Materials
5.1.1 [V/E] Attachments welded to pressure-resisting vessel components (e.g.,
skirts, stiffening rings, saddles, clips, pads, brackets, and supports) shall be
considered critical to the structural integrity of the vessel for evaluation of
impact test requirements (see Code Paragraph UCS-66a) {AM-204}.
5.1.2 [V/E] All impact test values shall be reported in the material supplier’s
certified test reports.
5.1.3 [V/E] No galvanized clips or attachments shall be welded to a vessel.
5.1.4 [V/E] Postweld Heat Treatment (PWHT) of test specimens shall be in
accordance with Code requirements. PWHT shall include one extra PWHT
cycle for potential future field repair as specified by the Designer on the
Data Sheet.
5.1.5 [V/E] Rolled plate for flat covers and blind flanges (blind flanges per ASME
B16.5 excluded) exceeding 3 inches in thickness shall be examined after
cutting to final size per ASME SA-578 Acceptance Standard - Level 1.
Note: This article shall apply to carbon, low-alloy, and high-alloy steel
plates.
5.1.6 [V/E] All carbon, low-alloy, and high-alloy steel forgings exceeding 3
inches in thickness (flanges per ASME B16.5 excluded) shall be examined
ultrasonically per ASME SA-578 with the following requirements:
1. Quality levels for straight beam examinations from flat surfaces shall
be:
THICKNESS QUALITY
Inches LEVEL
>3 < 8 QL-2
>8 < 12 QL-3
>12 QL-4
2. Quality level for straight beam examinations from curved surfaces shall
be QL-5.
3. Quality level for all angle beam examinations shall be QA-1. Notch
depth shall be per QA-1 or 1/4 inch, whichever is less.
5.1.7 Sleeve liners shall not be used in lieu of providing clad or weld overlay.
5.1.8 [V/E] Integrally clad plate for vessels designed for vacuum service and for
vessels whose design calculations include the cladding shall be examined per
ASME SA-578 Acceptance Standard - Level 1 and Supplementary
Requirement S6.
5.1.9 [V/E] The heat treatment of integrally clad plate conforming to ASME
SA-263, ASME SA-264, and ASME SA-265 shall be done by the plate
manufacturer.
5.1.10 [V/E] All integrally clad plate, including explosion clad plate, conforming to
ASME SA-263, ASME SA-264, and ASME SA-265 shall be cold flattened, if
required, after final heat treatment and descaling.
5.1.11 [V/E] Where weld overlay is specified, the deposited weld overlay shall
have a nominal composition that corresponds to that of the alloy in the vessel
to the depth specified on the Data Sheet.
5.1.12 [V/E] Vessel internals constructed of alloy pipe up to and including Nominal
Pipe Size (NPS) 12 shall be a minimum of Schedule 10S. Larger than NPS
12, use at least 3/16 inch nominal wall pipe or fabricate from plate. The
material shall be the same nominal composition as the cladding, weld
overlay, or alloy shell.
5.1.13 [V/E] Carbon and low-alloy steel material for separate nozzle reinforcing
pads, as well as stiffening rings and other attachments which are welded to
pressure-retaining components, shall not limit the Minimum Design Metal
Temperature (MDMT). Use Code Paragraph UCS-66 for determining the
MDMT. For high-alloy steel shells and heads where stresses due to
differential thermal expansion must be considered, the use of carbon or low-
alloy steel for nozzle reinforcing pads, stiffening rings, and other
attachments welded to pressure retaining components shall require written
agreement between the Purchaser and the Manufacturer.
5.1.14 [V/E] Gaskets specified in the purchase order or on the drawings shall be
supplied by the Manufacturer unless otherwise specifically noted. For test
gaskets, see Section 6.3.16; for spare gaskets, see Section 7.2.2.
5.1.15 [E] Heat exchanger tubes shall be formed from one continuous length of
tubing. Circumferential welds are not permitted.
5.1.16 [E] Rolled plate for tubesheets exceeding 3 inches in thickness shall be
examined after cutting to final size per ASME SA-578 Acceptance Standard -
Level 1 and Supplementary Requirement S1.
Note: This article shall apply to carbon, low-alloy, and high-alloy steel
plates.
5.1.17 [E] Integrally clad plate for tubesheets shall be examined per ASME SA-578
Acceptance Standard - Level 1 and Supplementary Requirement S7.
5.2 Design
5.2.1 General
[V/E] The vessel design by the Manufacturer shall comply with the
applicable requirements in PIP VECV1001, the Code, {User’s Design
Specification,} this Practice, the Vessel Data Sheet, and all other
requirements in the purchase specification. Vessel-related design performed
by the Designer does not relieve the Manufacturer from this responsibility.
[V/E] The Manufacturer is responsible for determining the size and quantity
of anchor bolts and base plate details. Refer to PIP VECV1001, Section 5.16
for allowable stresses.
5.2.2 Vessel Layout
[V/E] Vessel layout shall include consideration of the following:
a. Saddles shall be continuously welded to the shell. Welded seams under
the saddle or wear plate are not permitted. Longitudinal weld seams in
the shell shall not be located within 15 degrees of the horn of the
saddle, since this is a location of high stress.
b. Plate layouts shall be arranged so that, to the maximum extent
possible, longitudinal and circumferential weld seams clear all
nozzles, manways, and their reinforcing pads by 2 inches minimum,
measured from weld edge to weld edge.
c. When nozzles must penetrate weld seams, or when nozzle reinforcing
pads must cover weld seams, the seam shall be ground flush and
radiographically examined before welding the nozzle. The seam shall
be radiographed per Code Paragraph UW-51 {Table AF-241, Article
I-5} as required in Code Paragraph UW-14 {AD-502}.
d. Structural attachment welds (e.g., internal support rings or clips,
external stiffening rings, insulation support rings, and ladder, platform
or pipe support clips) shall clear weld seams by a minimum of 2
inches. If overlap of pad type structural attachments and weld seams is
unavoidable, the portion of the seam to be covered shall be ground
flush and radiographically examined before the attachment is welded
on. The seam shall be radiographed per Code Paragraph UW-51
{Article I-5} for a minimum distance of 2 inches beyond the edge of
the overlapping attachment. Radiographic examination of weld seams
5.4 Tolerances
[V] All equipment shall meet the manufacturing tolerances as shown in the purchase
order or on the drawings. Tolerances on fabricated equipment as shown on PIP
VEFV1102 shall apply to the completed vessel after pressure test.
[E] Tolerances for heat exchangers shall be per TEMA.
5.5 Welding
5.5.1 [V/E] Selection of welded pressure joint requirements from the variety of
Code options is the Designer’s responsibility (see PIP VECV1001, Section
5.6). See Section 5.5.8 of this Practice for minimum requirements when not
specified by the Designer.
5.5.2 [V/E] All welds, including those for nonpressure parts and attachments
(including temporary attachments), shall be made by welders, welding
operators, and welding procedures qualified under the provisions of Code
Section IX. Welds shall meet the supplementary provisions of the Code, plus
recognized and generally accepted good welding practices (including, but
not limited to, the use of clean and dry materials, good techniques, and the
proper chemistry).
5.5.3 [V/E] Shielded metal arc electrodes used for pressure-resisting welds shall
be of the low-hydrogen type and shall have a minimum tensile strength
nominally equal to the weaker of the base materials being joined. Use of
higher strength weld materials for all welding processes is prohibited except
as specifically approved in writing by the User.
5.5.4 [V/E] The responsibility for welding to be used in Code construction rests
with the Manufacturer. The Manufacturer’s responsibility includes the
following, with the documents referenced made available for use by the
welders/welding operators and for reference by the Code Authorized
Inspector and the User:
1. Selecting and preparing the Welding Procedure Specification(s)
(WPS) suitable to the need
2. Preparing and providing a Procedure Qualification Record (PQR)
documenting proof of the weldability of the variables described in the
WPS
3. Preparing and providing a Welder Performance Qualification (WPQ)
documenting proof of the welder’s ability to deposit sound weld metal
within the range of WPS parameters being used
5.5.5 [V/E] The Manufacturer is responsible for complying with all applicable
Code requirements relating to welding and associated considerations,
spanning from the design of the welded joint, consumables control and
preheat, to final nondestructive examination of the joints.
5.5.6 [V/E] Should the User request review of the WPS(s) prior to the start of
production welding, the return of this document to the Manufacturer with or
5.6.5 [V/E] The equipment shall be adequately supported during the PWHT to
avoid distortion.
6.2 Inspection
6.2.1 [V/E] If inspection by the Purchaser is specified in the purchase order, the
Purchaser’s quality assurance representative will contact the Manufacturer to
schedule inspection visits. The Manufacturer shall notify the Purchaser’s
Quality Assurance Organization at least five working days before an
inspection is required. Appendix A, or equivalent form, shall be utilized by
the Designer to convey inspection and associated documentation
requirements.
6.2.2 [V/E] The Manufacturer shall make a complete set of certified fabrication
drawings available to the Purchaser’s Quality Assurance Representative at
the time quality surveillance activities are being conducted.
6.2.3 [V/E] If major components or services are obtained from sub-suppliers, the
Purchaser’s Quality Assurance Representative shall be notified and given the
option of inspecting those items at their point of manufacture. The
Manufacturer is responsible for including the Purchaser’s quality
surveillance and notification requirements in suborders. The Manufacturer is
also responsible for arranging for certified drawings for use by the
Purchaser’s representative at the sub-supplier’s location.
6.2.4 [V/E] The Manufacturer retains overall responsibility for ensuring, either
directly or through sub-suppliers, that the inspections necessary for
conformance to the purchase specifications are conducted. The performance
of quality surveillance by the User’s representative does not relieve the
Manufacturer or sub-suppliers of responsibility for meeting the specification
requirements.
6.2.5 [E] After any required heat treatment, heat exchangers (except kettle type
units) shall have the inside diameter and out-of-roundness of the completed
shell checked using a rigid template. The template shall consist of two
concentric disks having an OD equal to the actual baffle OD rigidly mounted
perpendicularly on a shaft and spaced 18 inches apart. The template shall
pass completely through the shell without binding. This template shall also
be used to verify the baffle-to-shell clearance.
6.2.6 [E] When two or more heat exchangers are stacked, the entire stack shall be
shop-assembled and checked for accuracy of saddle and nozzle fit-up
utilizing service gaskets. One or more shims may be used. Each shim shall
be one-piece construction of the same size (excluding thickness) as the
saddle base plate. The bolts, nuts, washers, and shims shall be supplied by
the Manufacturer and shall be shipped bolted in place on the lower
intermediate supports.
6.3.2 [V/E] Vessels shall not be painted or controlled shot peened prior to the
Code pressure test, with the following exceptions:
1. Surfaces that are required to be painted and which will be inaccessible
after assembly (e.g., mating surfaces of lap-joint stub ends, flanges and
nozzle necks, flange bolt holes, welded joints, etc.) shall be painted
prior to assembly and pressure testing.
2. Welded joints that will be inaccessible after assembly (e.g., joints
covered by lap-type flanges) shall be examined by PT and repaired as
required, prior to painting, assembly, and pressure testing (see Section
6.1.3).
6.3.3 [V/E] The test pressure shall be measured at the high point of the vessel in
the test position.
6.3.4 [V/E] All welds shall be sufficiently cleaned and free of scale or paint prior
to hydrostatic testing to permit proper examination for defects.
6.3.5 [V/E] Testing of vessels shall be conducted with test water that is clean and
free of debris. Potable water as delivered through municipal systems is
acceptable for carbon or chrome steel. Brackish or untreated water shall not
be used.
6.3.6 [V/E] Testing of vessels or components made of austenitic stainless steel
materials shall be conducted with water containing no more than 50 ppm
chloride. Water containing more than 50 ppm chloride but no more than 250
ppm may be used only if the duration of the test procedure is 72 hours or less
and includes rinsing with water containing less than 50 ppm chloride (see
Section 6.3.8).
6.3.7 [V/E] The Manufacturer shall provide all facilities and materials, such as
blinds, bolting, and gaskets.
6.3.8 Test Temperature
6.3.8.1 [V/E] Before application of the test pressure, the test water and the
vessel material shall be allowed to equalize to approximately the
same temperature.
6.3.8.2 [V/E] The temperature of the pressure resisting components
during the pressure test, regardless of test media, shall be at least
30º F warmer than the minimum design metal temperature to be
stamped on the nameplate, but need not exceed 120º F.
6.3.9 [V/E] The final pressure test shall be held for a minimum of one hour, or as
specified on the drawings and/or purchase specification. Except for leakage
that might occur at temporary closures for those openings intended for
welded connections, leakage is not allowed at the time of the required
inspection. Leakage from temporary seals shall be directed away so as to
avoid masking leaks from other joints.
6.3.10 [V/E] After completion of the hydrostatic test, the vessel shall be drained,
dried (including drying internals), and closed as quickly as practicable. Test
water shall not be in contact with austenitic stainless steel for more than 72
hours unless treated with an appropriate biocide.
6.3.11 [V/E] If field assembly/erection is involved, the final pressure test shall be
on the User’s site. The Manufacturer shall provide the Purchaser a detailed
test procedure for review prior to testing.
6.3.12 [V/E] Pneumatic testing, when required in the field on the User’s site, shall
be so stated in the purchase specification. The detailed procedure for
pneumatic testing shall be submitted in writing by the Manufacturer for the
User’s written approval.
6.3.13 [V/E] A horizontal vessel, designed to support a full weight load of water,
shall be tested while resting on its support saddles without additional
supports or cribbing.
6.3.14 [V/E] Tall vertical vessels may be shop-tested in the horizontal position.
These vessels must be adequately supported during the test to prevent
damage.
6.3.15 [V/E] No welding, burning or grinding (including cosmetic grinding) of
pressure resisting welds shall be performed on vessels that have been
pressure tested unless approved by the User. This includes, but is not limited
to, welds for shipping attachments, refractory or insulation clips, stiffeners,
spiders, or grinding for surface preparation.
6.3.16 [V/E] Any flanged joint for which the service gasket is to be furnished by
the Manufacturer and which will not be disassembled after testing shall be
tested with the specified service gasket. If the joint is to be disassembled
after testing and employs flanges per ASME B16.5, the test gasket may be
selected by the Manufacturer. If the joint is to be disassembled after testing,
employs nonstandard flanges (other than ASME B16.5), and the service
gasket is not specified, the test gasket shall be approved by the Purchaser.
6.3.16.1 [V/E] In no case shall the nominal thickness of sheet or laminate
service gasketing be greater than 1/16 inch.
6.3.16.2 [V/E] No joint sealing compound or gasket lubricant shall be used
unless specified for the service condition.
6.3.16.3 [V/E] Flanged joint assemblies specified to be furnished with
service gaskets (e.g., main body flange joints, manways, blind
flanged nozzles) and which are disassembled following tests shall
be reassembled using new service gaskets. If such joints are
shipped unassembled, new service gaskets for field installation
shall be suitably packaged, marked, and shipped with the vessel.
(See Section 7.2.2.)
6.4.2 [V/E] Reinforcing pad attachment welds and accessible surfaces of inside
nozzle to vessel wall welds shall be tested for the absence of leaks with a
gauge pressure of 15 psig dry air or nitrogen and bubble forming solution.
This test shall be prior to the final hydrostatic or pneumatic test as
applicable.
7.2.3.2 [V/E] All flange faces other than those furnished with permanent
blinds shall be covered with 1/2 inch thick wood or 1/8 inch thick
steel plate, no smaller than the flange OD and secured with a
minimum 25% complement of (but no fewer than 4) bolts.
7.2.3.3 [V/E] Welding stub ends shall be provided with bevel protecting
caps.
7.2.4 [V/E] Internals which cannot be safely shipped in place shall be identified,
tagged, and shipped separately. For those internals which have specified
clearances or tolerances, the Manufacturer shall trial assemble at least one of
each type (e.g., tray type or distributor type) into the vessel to ensure proper
fit prior to shipment.
7.2.5 [V/E] All bolting and other loose parts shall be suitably packaged and
identified to the purchase order. Uncoated bolts and nuts shall be coated with
a suitable thread lubricant to prevent corrosion during transportation and
storage. The lubricant shall be easily removable with mineral spirits or a
solvent.
APPENDIX A
Quality Overview Plan
for
Section VIII, Divisions 1 and 2 Vessels/S&T Heat Exchangers
8. Weld Map
43.
1. The User or the User’s Designated Agent will provide the Manufacturer with a completed Quality
Overview Plan.
2. The Manufacturer is to provide the User with the documents for review, witness/hold point activity
notification, and inspection opportunity as indicated by the User on the Plan, as follows:
2.1 Review: Manufacturer is to provide documentation, the review of which will allow the User to
verify that the referenced construction activity has been performed as specified. Other
construction requirements may be verified/audited.
2.2 Witness: Manufacturer is to notify User not later than five days before performing the
referenced construction activity so that the User may exercise the option to observe. Other
construction requirements may be verified/audited.
2.3 Inspect: Manufacturer is to provide User access to physically conduct internal/external
inspection of the referenced item. Other construction requirements may be verified/audited.
2.4 Hold Point: Manufacturer must notify User not later than five days before performing the
referenced construction activity and must receive authorization from the User before
performing the activity. Other construction requirements may be verified/audited.
3. Some of the items in this Quality Overview Plan are covered elsewhere in this Practice.
4. If a work item is not checked, then there is no requirement to provide documentation or notification
to the User. However, the work item itself is still required to be performed if specified elsewhere in
this Practice, the Data Sheet, the purchase order, the Code, etc.
APPENDIX B
Documentation Schedule
Equip. No. ____________________________ P.O. No. ___________________________ S.O. No. ______________________
Equip. Description ____________________________________________________________________________________
Project Engineer __________________________________________ Phone No. ___________________________________
Vessel Details
Design Calculations
Sub-Supplier List
NOTES:
1. Drawings and data are to be mailed to _____________________________________________
unless submitted with quotation.
2. Final certified drawings are to be submitted within two (2) weeks of receipt of “Approved” or “Approved As Noted” prints.
3. All data must be supplied prior to submission of final invoice.
4. All questions of a technical nature shall be directed to _________________________________.
5. Sepias and original film drawings shall not be folded for mailing.
6. Each copy of all data (e.g., drawings, manuals) must be certified by Manufacturer with equipment or instrument Tag
Number and Purchase Order Number written or typed on the face of each copy.
APPENDIX C
Flanged Pressure Boundary Joint Assembly
For blinding prior to hydrotest or for final joint assembly, all bolted joints shall be assembled and
tightened in accordance with the following:
1. All “working” surfaces must be cleaned and inspected before assembly is started.
a. Clean gasket seating surfaces to remove all grease and dirt. Gasket seating surfaces
shall be free from any scratches, nicks, burrs, weld spatter, or similar defects.
b. External and internal threaded surfaces shall be inspected for damage. Replace
questionable parts.
c. Inspect nut-bearing surfaces for scores, burrs, etc. Remove protrusions; spot face if
required.
2. Install new gasket.
a. Handle gaskets carefully to avoid damage. Do not remove any gasket shipping/handling
protector until ready to use the gasket.
b. Examine gasket for defects or damage.
c. Place new gasket in position. Make sure that the gasket is in proper alignment with the
gasket surfaces on the flanges or lap-joint stub ends.
d. Use a light dusting of 3M 77, or equal, spray adhesive if required to hold gasket in place
during assembly.
3. Liberally coat all external and internal threaded surfaces of fasteners (bolts, nuts, and threaded
holes, as applicable) with the lubricant specified on the vessel data sheet. Lubrication is not
required for new PTFE-coated bolts. If the lubricant is not specified on the vessel data sheet,
the lubricant shall be approved by Purchaser.
4. Align flange or stub end faces carefully before bolting up. Fasteners shall fit loosely in bolt holes.
Do not use fasteners to spring flanges for alignment.
5. Install fasteners with nuts hand tight, then snug up at 10 to 20 ft-lbs.
6. Tighten bolts carefully to specified torque level using a cross-bolting technique and step-wise
tightening to increase loading about 1/4 to 1/3 of total preload per step.
APPENDIX D
Manufacturer’s Drawing Information
Manufacturer shall provide certified assembly and working drawings for all vessels. Drawings shall be
complete and shall include, but not necessarily be limited to, the following information:
1. Maximum allowable working pressure {design pressure} and coincident maximum design
temperature (see PIP VECV1001, Section 5.2) (internal and external if applicable)
2. Minimum design metal temperature and coincident maximum allowable working pressure (see
PIP VECV1001, Section 5.3)
3. Design specific gravity, maximum liquid level, and other operating loads
4. Reference to Code Section VIII, Division 1 or 2, Edition, and Addenda. Include any Code Cases
used and special service restrictions.
5. Special service notes (e.g., “for cyclic service” followed by a description of the cyclic loadings
and number of cycles used in the design)
6. Applicable Code paragraphs for impact test exemption [e.g., UG-20(f), UCS-66(a), UCS-66(b),
UCS-66(c)] or for impact test requirements (e.g., UHA-51 or UHT-6)
7. National Board registration number (U- or U2-symbol stamped vessels)
8. ASME material specifications for all pressure-resisting components and all attachments to
pressure-resisting components
9. Wind/seismic design criteria
10. Corrosion allowance. When a corrosion allowance is specified and the service is specified on
Data Sheet Item 13 as non-corrosive, the notation “for non-corrosive service” shall be added to
the drawing notes.
11. Weld details. All welds shall be either detailed or identified by use of the standard welding
symbols of the American Welding Society.
12. Nondestructive examination requirements of welded pressure joints
13. Joint efficiency for each butt-welded joint (or seamless equivalent) in the vessel, including
nozzles and communicating chambers. A joint efficiency map may be useful.
14. Nondestructive examination of non-pressure-resisting welds
15. Postweld heat treatment requirements
16. Hydrostatic or pneumatic test pressures, as applicable:
a. Shop test in horizontal position (referenced to top of vessel)
b. Shop test in vertical position (referenced to top of vessel) (except for horizontal vessels)
c. Future test in operating position (referenced to top of vessel) (in the corroded condition for
vessels having a corrosion allowance)
17. Minimum permissible metal temperature during hydrostatic testing
18. Sensitive leak tests, if any
19. Nominal thickness of all components [minimum thickness after forming (includes corrosion
allowance) for formed heads]
20. All pertinent dimensions, including location of weld seams, location and projection of nozzles,
location of vessel and insulation supports, and any other information necessary for a complete
description of the vessel
21. Manufacturer’s drawings shall have the same designation for nozzles, manways, skirt openings,
and column trays as shown on Purchaser’s drawings.
22. Complete description of all vessel flanges (including both standard and custom design),
pressure bolting, and gaskets
23. Relevant fabrication, inspection, testing, and painting requirements
24. Vessel support details
25. Surface preparation and painting or other protective coating specifications
26. Estimated weight of vessel: empty, operating, full of water, shipping and removable tube bundle
(when applicable)
27. Capacity of vessel (or each compartment), in gallons
28. Facsimiles of Manufacturer’s nameplate as stamped by Manufacturer
29. Purchaser’s vessel identification number(s)
30. Reference to specifications. Manufacturer shall include on drawings a reference to all applicable
codes, standards, and specifications, including date of issue. References shall include all
applicable PIP Practices and any applicable Manufacturer standards. When reference is made
to Manufacturer’s own standards, copies of such standards shall be included with the submitted
working drawings.
31. Tube bending schedule for U-tubes (center to center dimension of bends)
32. Expansion joint drawings shall include the following information: maximum design pressure and
temperature (when applicable), spring constant (lb/inch), maximum axial movement (opening or
closing), total life cycles, materials of construction; and for flanged and flued expansion joints,
provide radius dimensions of corners.
Special Notes
Manufacturer’s drawings shall also include the following notes as applicable:
1. All Vessels - the following note: “Substances containing chlorine or which will decompose to
hydrogen chloride (e.g., coatings to prevent adhesion of weld spatter) shall not be applied to any
part of the vessel.”
2. Stainless Steel or Nickel-Alloy Vessels - the following note: “Zinc-coated (galvanized or painted)
components shall not be in contact (welded, bolted, or loose) with any alloy parts of the vessel.”
3. Hastelloy, Monel, Nickel, or Nickel-Alloy Vessels - the following note: “Substances
containing sulfur (e.g., lubricants to aid machining) shall not be applied to alloy parts of the
vessel.”
4. Clad-Steel Vessels - Drawing notes shall specify whether or not the thickness of cladding metal
has been included in the design calculations for strength.
5. Balance point location - for horizontal equipment, the balance point location shall be noted and
dimensioned from a permanent reference point (e.g., main body flange, tubesheet, etc.).
6. All PWHT vessels shall have the following notice painted on two sides of the shell and insulation
covering, if present, (and/or channel) in three inch high letters visible in the shipping position
from grade:
POSTWELD HEAT TREATED - DO NOT BURN OR WELD
7. All vessels with non-metallic linings shall have the following notice painted on two sides of the
shell and insulation covering, if present, (and/or channel) in three inch high letters visible in the
shipping position from grade:
LINED VESSEL - DO NOT BURN OR WELD