Math 180 Worksheets

W8

Keywords: implicit di↵erentiation, inverse trig functions, related rates, word problems

8 Module 4 Content Sheet Part 2

3.10 Derivatives of Inverse Trig Functions

3.11 Related Rates

3.10 Inverse Trigonometric Functions continued

Question 1 Recall that inverse functions literally switch their x and y values. So when
considering y = sin 1 x = arcsin x, the inverse of sine, this is really the same as saying
x = sin y.

1
Sketch the graph of y = sin x.

1
Question 2 What is the domain of y = sin x?

Question 3 Evaluate

(a) arcsin 0 (b) arcsin 1 (c) arcsin 1/2

� Watch the Panopto Video on Arcsin x

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Check your answers: Q1

y
⇡/2

x y = sin x
⇡/2 ⇡/2 y = arcsin x

⇡/2

Q2: Domain= [ 1, 1]
Q3: (a) arcsin 0 = 0, (b) arcsin 1 = ⇡/2, (c) arcsin 1/2 = ⇡/6
Derivatives of Inverse Trigonometric Functions

d 1 1 d 1 1
(sin x) = p (cos x) = p , f or 1<x<1
dx 1 x2 dx 1 x2
d 1 d 1
(tan 1 x) = (cot 1 x) = , f or 1<x<1
dx 1 + x2 dx 1 + x2
d 1 d 1
(sec 1 x) = p (csc 1 x) = p , f or |x|> 1
dx |x| x2 1 dx |x| x2 1

Question 4 Find the derivatives of the following functions.

y = x2 tan 1 (x) y = sin 1 (x2 )

p
y = tan 1 (e4x ) y = sec 1 ( x)

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Check your answers: Q3

x2 4e4x
y = x2 tan 1 (x) ) y 0 = 2x tan 1 (x) + y = tan 1 4x
(e ) ) y 0
=
1 + x2 1 + e8x
2x p 1 1
y = sin 1 (x2 ) ) y 0 = p y = sec 1 ( x) ) y 0 = p p · p
1 x4 | x| x 1 2 x
3.11 Related Rates

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Keeping in mind that derivatives are rates of change, we are going to look into problems
that deal with time as the independent variable. To solve these problems, it is best to
approach them as follows:

• Step 1: Read the problem carefully, and
draw a picture illustrating the situa-
tion, label the sides.
• Step 2: Re-reread the problem. Iden-
tify and label rates that are given, and
identify the rates that we are searching
for.
• Step 3: Determine one or more equa-
tions that express the basic relation-
ships among the variables.
• Step 4: Introduce rates of change by
di↵erentiating the equation implicitly
with respect to time, t.
• Step 5: Substitute known values in for
the variables and rates . (don’t do
this before taking the derivative!!)
Solve for the desired quantity. Check
that units are consistent and the answer
is reasonable.

Question 5 Car A is traveling west at 50 mph, car B north at 60 mph. Both are headed
for the intersection of the two roads. At what rate are the two cars approaching each other
when car A is 0.3 mi, car B 0.4 mi from the intersection?

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� Watch the Panopto Video on Related Rates Q5

Question 6 You are blowing a bubble with bubble gum. Assume you are blowing air at a
rate of 3 in3 per second. At what rate is the radius increasing when the radius is 3 in?

� Watch the Panopto Video on Related Rates Q6

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Question 7 A 13 foot ladder is leaning against a vertical wall, and someone begins pulling
the foot of the ladder away from the wall at a rate of 0.5 ft/sec. How fast is the top of the
ladder sliding down the wall when the foot of the ladder is 5 feet from the wall?

� Watch the Panopto Video on Related Rates Q7

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Question 8 An observer stands 300 ft from the launch of a hot air balloon. The balloon is
launched vertically and maintains a constant upward velocity of 20 ft/sec . What is the rate
of change of the angle of elevation of the balloon when it is 400 ft from the ground?

� Watch the Panopto Video on Related Rates Q8

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