Calculation For 1.8 M X 1.3 M X 3M Chamber For Wo: Project: Gcwwmiip Feature

Project : GCWWMIIP Feature
Structure : Chamber 1.8m x 1.3m x 3m REF

Codes : BS 8110 / BS 8007 Designed by Date 12/8/2021
Reference Calculation Output
CALCULATION FOR 1.8 M X 1.3 M

X 3M CHAMBER FOR WO

Model Data by SAP2000
BM X direction - wall
BM Y direction - wall

BM X direction - Top slab
BM Y direction - Top slab

Walls
Structure : Designed S.M.B.R REF

Codes : BS8110 : 1985 Checked G.D.M.P Date 12/8/2021
DESIGN INFORMATION
BS8110:1985 Material Properties

Characteristic strength of concrete, fcu = 35 N/mm2
Table 3.1 Characteristic strength of main r/f fy = 460 N/mm2
Characteristic strength of links fyv = 460 N/mm3
Density of concrete, ρct = 24 kN/m3
Nominal maximum size of aggregate hagg = 20 mm
Ec = 26567
Es = 2E+05
Durability Requirement
Exposure condition = Moderate
Clear cover external surface r/f = 40 mm
Clear cover internal surface r/f = 25 mm
Thermal Requirement
Local Condition Fall in temperature between the hydration peak and ambient,
T1 = 33 °C
Fall in temperature due to seasonal variations, T2 = 8 °C
Coefficient of thermal expansion of mature concrete, α = 1.0E‐05 °C ‐1
A.5 & Fig A.3 Restraint factor, R = 0.5
Clause 2.2.3.3 Allowable crack width, cw = 0.2 mm
Critical steel ratio, ρcrit = 0.0035
Table A.1 Ratio of tensile strength to average bond strength
between concrete and steel, fct/fb = 0.67
Section Properties
Thickness of Wall h = 200 mm
Length of wall in Horizontal direction, ly = 3000 mm
Length of wall in Vertical direction, lx = 2000 mm
Reinforcement Properties
Reinforcement design width, bt = 1000 mm
Reinforcement bars used in horizontal direction ØT1 = T 12 12
Reinforcement spacing for horizontal bars, = 175 mm
Reinforcement bars used in vertical direction, ØB1 = T 12 12
Reinforcement spacing for vertical bars, = 175 mm
DESIGN FORCES
Load Case : SUB_02_ULS_
BM, M [kNm/m] SF, V
DT, Ft [kN/m]
Direction Span Support [kN/m]
SLS ULS SLS ULS SLS ULS ULS
Horizontal 4 6 5 7.5 16 24 30
Vertical 1.4 2.1 4.2 6.3 x x 20
Walls

DESIGN OF REINFORCEMENT
Span in vertical direction ‐ Inner surface
Assume T10 @ 150 C/C reinforcement provided in Vertical & Horizontal direction
Effective depth, d = h ‐ top cover ‐ ØT1/2
= 200 ‐ 40 ‐ 12/2
= 169 mm
Area of reinforcement provided per As,prov = π(ØT1/2)^2 × 1000/spacing of r/f

unit width, = πx ( 12/2)^2 x 1000/ 175
= 646.3 mm2/m width
Reinforcement to Carry Bending Moment at ULS

K = Mu
Cl. 3.4.4.4 of BS bd2fcu
8110
= 6.0 x 106
2
1000 x 169 x 35
= 0.006 < 0.156
Hence, no compression reinforcements required.
z = d[0.5+√ 0.25‐K/0.9]
= d[0.5+√ 0.25 ‐ 0.0060 /0.9]
= 0.993 d > 0.95 d
Therefore, z = 0.95 d
Therefore, As = Mult
0.95fyz
= 6.00 x 106
0.95 x 460 x ( 0.950 x 169 )
= 86 mm2/m width
Reinforcement to Carry Bending Moment and Direct Tension at SLS

Bending moment in SLS, Ms = 4.0 kNm/m width
Direct tension in SLS, Fs,t = 16.0 kN/m width
( 4x 10^6)
Ms/Fth =
( 16 x 10^3 x 200 )
= 1.25
Distance to centre of reinforcements, a = Top cover + ØT1/2
= 40 + 12 /2
= 31.0 mm
a1 = a/h
= 31 /200
= 0.155
Walls

0.5 ( 1 ‐ 2a1 )2 = 0.5x (1‐2x 0.16 )^2
= 0.238
Ms/Fth > 0.5(1‐2a1)2 Therefore the section has both Tension & Compression
For Crack Width

Steel ratio, ρ1&2 = As/[bd]
= 646 /(1000 x 169 )
= 0.00382
Maximum steel stress, Ms Fts
fs1 = +
2bthρ1[0.5h ‐ a] 2bthρ1
4 x 10^6 16 x 10^3
= +
2 x 1000 x 200 x 0.00382 (0.5x 200 ‐ 31 ) 2 x 1000 x 200 x 0.00382
= 48.41 N/mm2
Minimum steel stress, 1 Fts ρ1fs1

fs2 = ‐
ρ2 bth
1 16 x 10^3 0.00382 x 48.4
= ‐
0.003824 1000 x 700
= ‐27.5
Allowable steel stress, 0.8fy = 368 N/mm2

fs < 0.8fy , and steel stress is satisfactory Ok
Surface tensile Strain, ε1 = fs1 [fs1‐fs2]a

+
Es [h‐2a]Es
48.4 ( 48.41 ‐ ‐27.49 )31
= +
2E+05 ( 200 ‐ 2 x 31 ) x 200000
= 3.27E‐04
Distance from the compression face to crack width calculation point,
a' = Thickness of Element
= 200 mm
Strain due to stiffening effect between
cracks for 0.2mm crack width, ε2 = 2bth
3EsAs
= 2 x 1000 x 200
3 x 200000 x 646
= 1.0E‐03
Average strain, εm = ε1‐ε2
= 7.04E‐04
Cmin = cover only
= 25 mm
acr = √[( 175/2)^2 + ( ‐ 169 )^2] ‐ 12/2
= 86.83
Crack width, w = 3 acr εm
= 3 x 86.8 x 0.000704 w = # mm
= 0.18
Walls

Allowable crack width, Cw = 0.2 mm
Crack width due to direct tension is satisfactory Ok
Reinforcement to Carry Bending Moment and Direct Tension at ULS
Bending moment in ULS, Mu = 6 kNm/m width
Direct tension in ULS, Fu,t = 24.0 kN/m width
Mu/Fth` = ( 6 x10^6 )
( 24 x 10^3 x 200 )
= 1.25
Distance to centre of reinforcements, a = Top cover + ØT1/2
= 25 + 12 /2
= 31 mm
a1 = a/h
= 31 / 200
= 0.155
0.5(1‐2a1)2 = 0.5 x ( 1 ‐ 2 x 0.16 )^2
= 0.231
Mu/Fth > 0.5(1‐2a1)2 Therefore the section has both Tension & Compression
Required steel area to carry directtension, Asreqd,Ft = Ft/0.87fy

= ( 24 x 10^3 )/( 0.87 x 460 )
= 59.97 kN/m width
Required steel area to carry bending Asreqd,m = Ft/0.87fy
moment, = 86
Total required steel area, Asreqd,tot = 146 kN/m width
Maximum bar spacing, smax = Lesser of (300 or h)

= 200
As,prov = 646.3 mm/m width
Provided r/f and spacing are satisfactory Ok
Span in Horizontal Direction ‐ Outerface

Effective depth, d = h ‐ Bottom cover ‐ ØB1/2
= 200 ‐ 40 ‐ 12/2
= 154 mm
Area of reinforcement provided per As,prov = π(ØB1/2)^2 × 1000/spacing of r/f

unit width, = πx ( 12/2)^2 x 1000/ 175
= 646.3 mm2/m width
Reinforcement to Carry Bending Moment and Direct Tension at SLS

Bending moment in SLS, Ms = 5.0 kNm/m width
Direct tension in SLS, Fs,t = 16.0 kN/m width
Walls

( 5x 10^6)
Ms/Fth =
( 16 x 10^3 x 200 )
= 1.56
Distance to centre of reinforcements, a = Bottom cover + ØB1/2
= 40 + 12 /2
= 46.0 mm
a1 = a/h
= 46 /200
= 0.23
0.5 ( 1 ‐ 2a1 )2 = 0.5x (1‐2x 0.23 )^2
= 0.146
Ms/Fth > 0.5 ( 1 ‐ 2a1 )2 Therefore the section has both Tension & Compression
For Crack Width

Effective bending moment, M' = Ms ‐ Ft[d‐h/2]
= 5 ‐ 16 x (( 154 ‐ 200 /2)/1000)
= 4.136 kNm/m width
Assume that service steel stress, fs = 200 N/mm2 and lever arm Z = 0.9d,
Z = 0.9 x 154
= 138.6 mm
Required steel area resisting M', = M'/fsZ
= 4.136 x 10^6/ (200 x 138.6 )
= 149.2 mm2/m width
Required steel area resisting Ft, = Ft/fs
= 16x 10^3/200
= 80 mm2/m width
Total required steel area, Astot = 149 + 80

= 229 mm2/m width
Effective steel area resisting M', As' = 646 x 149 / 229

= 421.1 mm2/m width
Effective steel area resisting Ft, As'' = 646 x 80 / 229

= 225.7 mm2/m width
Effective steel ratio for M', ρ = As/[bd]
= 421 /( 1000 x 154 )
= 0.003
Young's modulus of concrete (Long term), = Ec/2
Modular ratio, αe = (2 x Es)/Ec
= (2x 200000 )/26567
= 15.06
Depth to neutral axis, x = αeρ [( 1+2/αeρ)1/2 ‐1]d
Walls

= 15.06 x 0.003{[1+(2/( 15.06 x 0.003)^1/2]‐1}154
= 38.3 mm
Z = d‐x/3
= 154 ‐ 38.3 /3
= 141.2 mm
Steel stress, fs = M'/[ZAs']
= 4.1 x 10^6/( 141.233333333333 x 421.08 )
= 69.5 N/mm2
Allowable steel stress, 0.8fy = 0.8 x 460

BS8007:1987
Clause B.2 = 368 N/mm2
Conditions to fs < 0.8fy, and steel stress is satisfactory OK
Satisfy
Concrete stress, fcb = 2Ms/[Zbx]

= (2x 5 x10^6)/( 141.2 x1000x 38.3 )
= 1.849 N/mm2
Allowable concrete stress, 0.45fcu = 0.45 x 35

BS8007:1987
Clause B.2 = 15.75 N/mm2
Conditions to
Satisfy fcb < 0.45fcu, and concrete stress is satisfactory Ok
Apparent elastic tensile strain, ε1 = [fs/Es][(h‐x)/(d‐x)]
69.5 ( 200 ‐ 38.3)
= x
2E+05 ( 154 ‐ 38.3 )
= 0.00049 mm
BS8007:1987
Clause B.1 Distance from the compression face to crack width calculation point,
= 200 mm
BS8007:1987 Strain due to stiffening effect between
Clause B.4 cracks for 0.2mm crack width, ε2 = bt (h‐x) (a'‐x)
3EsAs(d‐x)
= 1000 ( 200 ‐ 38.3)(200 ‐ 38.3)
3x 200000 x 646 ( 154 ‐ 38.3 )
= 0.00058
BS8007:1987 Average strain, εm = ε1‐ε2

Clause B.3 = 0.00010
BS8007:1987 Cmin = cover only

Clause B.1 = 50 mm
BS8007:1987 acr = √[(175/2)^2 + (200 ‐ 154 )^2] ‐ 12/2

Clause B.1 = 92.85 mm
Walls

BS8007:1987
Clause B.2 Crack width, w = 3 acr εm
[1+2(acr‐cmin)/(h‐x)]
= 3 x 92.9 x 0.0001
[1 + 2( 92.9 ‐ 50)/( 200 ‐ 38.3 )]
= 0.018
BS8007:1987 Allowable crack width, cw = 0.20 mm

Clause 2.2.3.3
Crack width due to flexural bending is satisfactory Ok
Reinforcement to Carry Bending Moment and Direct Tension at ULS
Bending moment in ULS, Mu = 7.5 kNm/m width

Direct tension in ULS, Fu,t = 24.0 kN/m width
( 7.5x 10^6)
Mu/Fth =
( 24 x 10^3 x 200 )
= 1.56
Distance to centre of reinforcements, a = Bottom cover + ØB1/2
= 40 + 12 /2
= 46.0 mm
a1 = a/h
= 46 /200
= 0.23
0.5 ( 1 ‐ 2a1 )2 = 0.5x (1‐2x 0.23 )^2
= 0.146
Mu/Fth > 0.5 ( 1 ‐ 2a1 )2 Therefore the section has both Tension & Compression
Effective bending moment, M'u = Mu ‐ Ft[d‐h/2]

= 7.5 ‐ 24 x (( 154 ‐ 200 /2)/1000)
= 6.204 kNm/m width
BS8110:1985 k = M'u/(fcubd2)

Clause 3.4.4.4 = 6.204 x 10^6/( 35 x 1000x 154 ^2)
= 0.007
K < 0.156, and compression r/f are not required
BS8110:1985 Z = [0.5+(0.25‐K/0.9)1/2]d

Part ‐ 1 = 0.99 d > 0.95 d
Clause 3.4.4.4 Hence Z = 0.95 d
Z = 146.30 mm
BS8110:1985 Required steel area to carry bending As reqd,M = M/(0.87fyZ)

Part ‐ 1 moment, = 6.204 x10^6 /( 0.87 x 460 x 146.3 )
Clause 3.4.4.4 = 105.96 mm2/ m width
Required steel area to carry direct tension, Asreqd,Ft = Ft/0.87fy

Walls

= (24 x10^3)/(0.87x 460 )
= 59.97 mm2/m width
Total required steel area, Asreqd,tot = 106 + 60

= 166 mm2/m width
BS8007:1987 Maximum bar spacing, smax = Lesser[300 or h(=200)]

Clause 2.6.2.3 = 200 mm
As,prov = 646.3 mm/m width

Provided r/f and spacing are satisfactory Ok
Reinforcement to Carry Shear Force at ULS

Ultimate design shear force at support, Vu = 30 kN/m width
BS8110:1985 shear stress v = Vu/bvd

Part ‐ 1 = 30x10^3/( 1000 x 154 )
Clause 3.5.5.2 = 0.195
BS8110:1985 100As/bd = (100x 646)/( 1000 x 154 )

Part ‐ 1 = 0.419 < 3
Table 3.9 → Ok
Conditions to
Satisfy 400/d = 400/ 154
= 2.597 > 1 3
BS8110:1985 Design shear stress,
v c = 0.79[100A s /bd] 1/3 [400/d] 1/4 [f cu /25] 1/3 /γ m
Part ‐ 1 = 0.79[0.42] ^(1/3) [2.6]^( 1/4) [35 /25]^( 1/3) /1.25
Table 3.9 = 0.672 N/mm2
BS8110:1985 Shear enhancement factor for a section at a distance d from support,
Part ‐ 1 = 2d /av
Clause 3.4.5.10 = 2
Enhanced design shear stress Vc = 0.67 x 2 N/mm2

= 1.34
Shear stress at support is satisfactory Ok
Reinforcement to Resist Shrinkage and Thermal Movement in Immature Concrete
BS8007:1987 Assume continuous constructions without movement joints
Table 5.1
BS8007:1987 Critical steel ratio, ρcrit = 0.0035
Table A.1
BS8007:1987 Ratio of tensile strength to average
Table A.1 bond strength between concrete and fct/fb = 0.67
Walls

steel,
BS8007:1987 Restraint factor, R = 0.5

Clause A.5
BS8007:1987 Maximum crack spacing, smax = [fct/fb][Ф/2ρ]

Clause A.3 Maximum crack width, wmax = smaxRα[T1+T2]
BS8007:1987 Maximum allowable crack width, wmax = 0.2 mm
Clause 2.2.3.3
Required steel ratio based on the ρ = [fct/fb]Rα[T1+T2]Ф
areas of surface zone, 2wmax
= [0.67]x0.5 x 0.00001 [ 33 + 8]Ф
2x 0.2
= 0.0003 Ф
For Vertical Direction ρ1 = 0.00034 x 12
= 0.004 > ρcrit → Not Ok
For Horizontal Direction ρ2 = 0.00034 x 12
= 0.004 > ρcrit → Not Ok
BS8007:1987 Thickness of surface zone, tzone = 75 mm

Figure A.1
Therefore Required minimum steel area As,req = 0.00408 x 75 x 1000
of surface zone For Vertical Direction = 306 mm2/m width
Provided r/f For Vertical Direction As,prov = 646.3 mm2/m width

→ Ok Ok

of surface zone For Horizontal Direction = 306 mm2/m width
Provided r/f For Horizontal Direction As,prov = 646.3 mm2/m width

→ Ok Ok

Codes : BS8110 : 1985 Checked G.D.M.P Date
DESIGN INFORMATION
BS8110:1985 Material Properties

Characteristic strength of concrete, fcu = 35 N/mm2
Table 3.1 Characteristic strength of main r/f fy = 460 N/mm2
Characteristic strength of links fyv = 460 N/mm3
Density of concrete, ρct = 24 kN/m3
Nominal maximum size of aggregate hagg = 20 mm
Ec = 26567
Es = 2E+05
Durability Requirement
Exposure condition = Moderate
Clear cover to bottom r/f = 25 mm
Clear cover to top r/f = 25 mm
Thermal Requirement
Local Condition Fall in temperature between the hydration peak and ambient,
T1 = 33 °C
Fall in temperature due to seasonal variations, T2 = 8 °C
Coefficient of thermal expansion of mature concrete, α = 1.0E‐05 °C ‐1
A.5 & Fig A.3 Restraint factor, R = 0.5
Clause 2.2.3.3 Allowable crack width, cw = 0.2 mm
Critical steel ratio, ρcrit = 0.0035
Table A.1 Ratio of tensile strength to average bond strength
between concrete and steel, fct/fb = 0.67
Section Properties
Thickness of Wall h = 200 mm
Length of wall in Horizontal direction, ly = 2000 mm
Length of wall in Vertical direction, lx = 3000 mm
Reinforcement Properties
Reinforcement design width, bt = 1000 mm
Reinforcement bars used in horizontal direction ØT1 = T 12 12
Reinforcement spacing for horizontal bars, = 175 mm
Reinforcement bars used in vertical direction, ØB1 = T 12 12
Reinforcement spacing for vertical bars, = 175 mm
DESIGN FORCES
Load Case : SUB_02_ULS_
BM, M [kNm/m] SF, V
Direction Span [kN/m]
SLS ULS ULS
Shortway 5.00 7.5 32
Longway 5.00 7.5 32

DESIGN OF REINFORCEMENT
Span in vertical direction ‐ Inner surface
Effective depth, d = h ‐ top cover ‐ ØT1/2
= 200 ‐ 25 ‐ 12/2
= 169 mm
Area of reinforcement provided per As,prov = π(ØT1/2)^2 × 1000/spacing of r/f

unit width, = πx ( 12/2)^2 x 1000/ 175
= 646.27 mm2/m width
Reinforcement to Carry Bending Moment at ULS

K = Mu
Cl. 3.4.4.4 of BS bd2fcu
8110
= 7.5 x 106
2
1000 x 169 x 35
= 0.0075 < 0.156
Hence, no compression reinforcements required.
z = d[0.5+√ 0.25‐K/0.9]
= d[0.5+√ 0.25 ‐ 0.0075 /0.9]
= 0.991 d < 0.95 d
Therefore, z = 0.95 d
Therefore, As = Mult
0.95fyz
= 7.50 x 106
0.95 x 460 x ( 0.950 x 169 )
= 107 mm2/m width
Support in vertical direction ‐ Outersurface

Effective depth, d = h ‐ Bottom cover ‐ ØB1/2
= 200 ‐ 25 ‐ 12/2
= 169 mm
Area of reinforcement provided per As,prov = π(ØB1/2)^2 × 1000/spacing of r/f

unit width, = πx ( 12/2)^2 x 1000/ 175

For Crack Width
Assume that service steel stress, fs = 200 N/mm2 and lever arm Z = 0.9d,
Z = 0.9 x 169
= 152.1 mm
Required steel area resisting M', = M'/fsZ
= 5 x 10^6/ (200 x 152.1 )
= 164.365549 mm2/m width
Effective steel area resisting M', As' = 646.27

Effective steel ratio for M', ρ = As/[bd]
= 646 /( 1000 x 169 )
= 0.004
Young's modulus of concrete (Long term), = Ec/2
Modular ratio, αe = (2 x Es)/Ec
= (2x 200000 )/26567
= 15.06
Depth to neutral axis, x = αeρ [( 1+2/αeρ)1/2 ‐1]d
= 15.06 x 0.004{[1+(2/( 15.06 x 0.004)^1/2]‐1}169
= 48.4 mm
Z = d‐x/3
= 169 ‐ 48.4 /3
= 152.87 mm
Steel stress, fs = M'/[ZAs']
= 5 x 10^6/( 152.1 x 646.27 )
= 64.7 N/mm2
Allowable steel stress, 0.8fy = 0.8 x 460

BS8007:1987
Clause B.2 = 368 N/mm2
Conditions to fs < 0.8fy, and steel stress is satisfactory OK
Satisfy
Concrete stress, fcb = 2Ms/[Zbx]

= (2x 7.5 x10^6)/( 152.9 x1000x 48.4 )
= 2.0269 N/mm2
Allowable concrete stress, 0.45fcu = 0.45 x 35

BS8007:1987
Clause B.2 = 15.75 N/mm2
Conditions to
Satisfy fcb < 0.45fcu, and concrete stress is satisfactory Ok

Apparent elastic tensile strain, ε1 = [fs/Es][(h‐x)/(d‐x)]
64.7 ( 200 ‐ 48.44)
= x
2E+05 ( 169 ‐ 48.44 )
= 0.00041 mm
BS8007:1987
Clause B.1 Distance from the compression face to crack width calculation point,
= 200 mm
BS8007:1987 Strain due to stiffening effect between
Clause B.4 cracks for 0.2mm crack width, ε2 = bt (h‐x) (a'‐x)
3EsAs(d‐x)
= 1000 ( 200 ‐ 48.44)(200 ‐ 48.44)
3x 200000 x 646 ( 169 ‐ 48.44 )
= 0.00049
BS8007:1987 Average strain, εm = ε1‐ε2

Clause B.3 = 0.00008
BS8007:1987 Cmin = cover only

Clause B.1 = 50 mm
BS8007:1987
Clause B.1 acr = √[(175/2)^2 + (200 ‐ 169 )^2] ‐ 12/2
= 86.829 mm
BS8007:1987
Clause B.2 Crack width, w = 3 acr εm
[1+2(acr‐cmin)/(h‐x)]
= 3 x 86.8 x 0.00008
[1 + 2( 86.8 ‐ 50)/( 200 ‐ 48.44 )]
= 0.014
BS8007:1987 Allowable crack width, cw = 0.20 mm

Clause 2.2.3.3
Crack width due to flexural bending is satisfactory Ok
Reinforcement to Resist Shrinkage and Thermal Movement in Immature Concrete
BS8007:1987 Assume continuous constructions without movement joints
Table 5.1
BS8007:1987 Critical steel ratio, ρcrit = 0.0035
Table A.1
BS8007:1987 Ratio of tensile strength to average
Table A.1 bond strength between concrete and fct/fb = 0.67
steel,
BS8007:1987 Restraint factor, R = 0.5

Clause A.5

BS8007:1987 Maximum crack spacing, smax = [fct/fb][Ф/2ρ]

Clause A.3 Maximum crack width, wmax = smaxRα[T1+T2]
BS8007:1987 Maximum allowable crack width, wmax = 0.2 mm
Clause 2.2.3.3
Required steel ratio based on the ρ = [fct/fb]Rα[T1+T2]Ф
areas of surface zone, 2wmax
= [0.67]x0.5 x 0.00001 [ 33 + 8]Ф
2x 0.2
= 0.0003 Ф
For Vertical Direction ρ1 = 0.00034 x 12
= 0.004 > ρcrit → Ok
For Horizontal Direction ρ2 = 0.00034 x 12
= 0.004 > ρcrit → Ok
BS8007:1987 Thickness of surface zone, tzone = 75 mm

Figure A.1
of surface zone For Vertical Direction = 306 mm2/m width
Provided r/f For Vertical Direction As,prov = 646.27 mm2/m width

→ Ok Ok

of surface zone For Horizontal Direction = 306 mm2/m width
Provided r/f For Horizontal Direction As,prov = 646.27 mm2/m width

→ Ok Ok

Calculation For 1.8 M X 1.3 M X 3M Chamber For Wo: Project: Gcwwmiip Feature

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Calculation For 1.8 M X 1.3 M X 3M Chamber For Wo: Project: Gcwwmiip Feature

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Project : GCWWMIIP Feature

Structure : Chamber 1.8m x 1.3m x 3m REF

CALCULATION FOR 1.8 M X 1.3 M

Structure : Chamber 1.8m x 1.3m x 3m REF

Model Data by SAP2000

Structure : Chamber 1.8m x 1.3m x 3m REF

BM X direction - Top slab

BM Y direction - Top slab

Structure : Designed S.M.B.R REF

BS8110:1985 Material Properties

Structure : Designed S.M.B.R REF

Area of reinforcement provided per As,prov = π(ØT1/2)^2 × 1000/spacing of r/f

Reinforcement to Carry Bending Moment at ULS

= 0.006 < 0.156

= d[0.5+√ 0.25 ‐ 0.0060 /0.9]

= 0.993 d > 0.95 d

Reinforcement to Carry Bending Moment and Direct Tension at SLS

Structure : Designed S.M.B.R REF

For Crack Width

Minimum steel stress, 1 Fts ρ1fs1

Allowable steel stress, 0.8fy = 368 N/mm2

Surface tensile Strain, ε1 = fs1 [fs1‐fs2]a

Structure : Designed S.M.B.R REF

Crack width due to direct tension is satisfactory Ok

Reinforcement to Carry Bending Moment and Direct Tension at ULS

Required steel area to carry directtension, Asreqd,Ft = Ft/0.87fy

Total required steel area, Asreqd,tot = 146 kN/m width

Maximum bar spacing, smax = Lesser of (300 or h)

Span in Horizontal Direction ‐ Outerface

Area of reinforcement provided per As,prov = π(ØB1/2)^2 × 1000/spacing of r/f

Reinforcement to Carry Bending Moment and Direct Tension at SLS

Structure : Designed S.M.B.R REF

Ms/Fth > 0.5 ( 1 ‐ 2a1 )2 Therefore the section has both Tension & Compression

For Crack Width

Total required steel area, Astot = 149 + 80

Effective steel area resisting M', As' = 646 x 149 / 229

Effective steel area resisting Ft, As'' = 646 x 80 / 229

Structure : Designed S.M.B.R REF

Allowable steel stress, 0.8fy = 0.8 x 460

Concrete stress, fcb = 2Ms/[Zbx]

Allowable concrete stress, 0.45fcu = 0.45 x 35

BS8007:1987 Average strain, εm = ε1‐ε2

BS8007:1987 Cmin = cover only

BS8007:1987 acr = √[(175/2)^2 + (200 ‐ 154 )^2] ‐ 12/2

Structure : Designed S.M.B.R REF

BS8007:1987 Allowable crack width, cw = 0.20 mm

Reinforcement to Carry Bending Moment and Direct Tension at ULS

Bending moment in ULS, Mu = 7.5 kNm/m width

Mu/Fth > 0.5 ( 1 ‐ 2a1 )2 Therefore the section has both Tension & Compression

Effective bending moment, M'u = Mu ‐ Ft[d‐h/2]

BS8110:1985 k = M'u/(fcubd2)

BS8110:1985 Z = [0.5+(0.25‐K/0.9)1/2]d

BS8110:1985 Required steel area to carry bending As reqd,M = M/(0.87fyZ)

Required steel area to carry direct tension, Asreqd,Ft = Ft/0.87fy

Structure : Designed S.M.B.R REF

Total required steel area, Asreqd,tot = 106 + 60

BS8007:1987 Maximum bar spacing, smax = Lesser[300 or h(=200)]

As,prov = 646.3 mm/m width

Reinforcement to Carry Shear Force at ULS

BS8110:1985 shear stress v = Vu/bvd

BS8110:1985 100As/bd = (100x 646)/( 1000 x 154 )

Enhanced design shear stress Vc = 0.67 x 2 N/mm2