BIOMEDICAL

INSTRUMENTATION

RECENT RESEARCH ON BIOMEDICAL ABINAYA S

INSTRUMENTATION 9919014035
WHAT IS BIOMEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION?

• Bioinstrumentation or Biomedical Instrumentation is an application of

biomedical engineering, which focuses on the devices and
mechanics used to measure, evaluate, and treat biological systems. ...
Bioinstrumentation has revolutionized the medical field, and has
made treating patients much easier.
WHAT IS THE IMPORTANCE OF BIOMEDICAL
INSTRUMENTATION?

Biomedical Instrumentation helps

physicians to diagnose the
problem and provide treatment.
To measure biological signals and
to design a medical instrument,
concepts of electronics and
measurement techniques are
needed.
RECENT RESEARCH ON BIOMEDICAL
INSTRUMENTATION:
1. Surgical Robotics

▪ A new wave of robotics innovations is having a major impact across various

industries. In bioengineering, AI-assisted surgical robots are providing valuable
support to surgeons in the operating room.

▪ While surgical robots have existed for decades, these new models come with AI
algorithms that can provide improved support to surgeons. For example, AI-
powered smoothing algorithms reduce jitters or noise in the recording of a
surgeon’s hand movement, allowing for extremely careful and precise
translation of their trajectory.
 1. Surgical Robotics

ADVANTAGES: DISADVANTAGES:

▪ The main disadvantage of robotic

▪ Robotic surgery offers many benefits to
surgery is it is an expensive
patients compared to open surgery,
technology. Robotic surgery is not as
including: Shorter
accessible as conventional
hospitalization. Reduced pain and
laparoscopic surgery due to availability
discomfort. Faster recovery time and
and cost. Currently, most robotic
return to normal activities.
surgery systems in Australia are
installed in private hospitals.
RECENT RESEARCH ON BIOMEDICAL
INSTRUMENTATION:
2. Telesurgery

▪ robotics could also enable the use of telesurgery or

remote surgery.

▪ With telesurgery, the surgeon controls a robot at another

medical facility using a high-speed internet connection.

▪ The telesurgery robot closely follows the hand

movements or inputs of the doctor, enabling them to
operate on a patient from hundreds of miles away.
 2. Telesurgery

ADVANTAGES: DISADVANTAGES:

▪ Despite its many promises, telesurgery

▪ Telesurgery, much like telemedicine
currently faces several limitations
more broadly, offers numerous
preventing its wider use. The most
healthcare benefits including more
significant issue is latency, the time
timely patient access to care, greater
from the surgeon's initiation of a
physician communication and
movement to the corresponding
collaboration, reduction in healthcare
movement appearing on the surgeon's
and travel costs, increased efficiency,
screen
and the ability to provide healthcare to
remote and underserved areas.
RECENT RESEARCH ON BIOMEDICAL
INSTRUMENTATION:
3. Artificial Intelligence in Medical Imaging

▪ Artificial intelligence is also having a significant impact on bioengineering and medicine in

general. The technology is broadly applicable, making it a great fit for researchers looking to
improve existing technologies, like biomedical image systems.

▪ AI technology was put into experimental practice during the COVID-19 pandemic when
radiologists were overwhelmed by the amount of chest CT scans from patients they needed to
analyze. New AI algorithms, trained on data from historical CT scans, were used in various
hospitals and research environments as an assistive technology. They supported doctors by
highlighting potential areas of interest in chest scans and suggesting diagnoses.
 3. Artificial Intelligence
in Medical Imaging

ADVANTAGES: DISADVANTAGES:

▪ It defines a more powerful and more ▪ The implementation cost of AI is very

useful computers
▪ . It introduces a new and improved
interface for human interaction.
▪ It introduces a new technique to solve
new problems.
▪ It handles the information better than
humans.
high.
▪ The difficulties with software
development for AI implementation
are that the development of software is
slow and expensive. Few efficient
programmers are available to develop
software to implement artificial
intelligence.
RECENT RESEARCH ON BIOMEDICAL
INSTRUMENTATION:
4. Bioprinting and Tissue Engineering

▪ Bioprinting or biofabrication technology is similar to 3D

printing, the additive manufacturing method that creates
objects from plastic filament.

▪ However, instead of plastic, bioprinting uses

“bioinks” made up of active human cells and sometimes
encased in stabilizing materials. Other biologically
active particles, like proteins, DNA, growth factors and
drug particles, may also be used.
 4. Bioprinting and Tissue
Engineering
ADVANTAGES:
▪ Bioprinting allows researchers to
fabricate simplified homocellular
tissue models for basic research or to
produce more complex scaffolds with
controlled spatial heterogeneity of
physical properties, cellular
composition, and ECM/biomolecule
organization.
DISADVANTAGES:
▪ Questions of liability if a printed object
fails.
▪ Disputed ownership of the codes and
implants produced. ...
▪ Various ethical concerns.
▪ Pricing; availability to only the wealthy.
▪ Consumption of large amounts of
energy.
RECENT RESEARCH ON BIOMEDICAL
INSTRUMENTATION:
5. Medical VR

▪ Over the past few years, researchers have been working to apply virtual reality —
technology that uses visual displays and motion controllers to transport users to
digital environments — to medicine. For example, care providers are experimenting
with the use of VR in treating Alzheimer’s patients.

▪ These patients often have limited mobility, which makes it hard for them to access
new stimuli — usually provided in the form of day trips and time spent outdoors —
which is positively correlated with an improvement in Alzheimer’s symptoms. Medical
VR programs can transport patients to a virtual environment, offering them new
stimuli that, in one study, helped them recover old memories and improved their
quality of life.
 5. Medical VR

ADVANTAGES: DISADVANTAGES:

▪ Enhanced flexibility and customization ▪ High cost of equipment and software

options
▪ Possibly addictive
▪ Can be applied in various healthcare areas
▪ Lack of extensive trials and use histor
▪ Offers user experience in controlled
environment
▪ Provides detailed 3D images