QUANTITAVE AND QUALITATIVE

How can I explain the difference between quantitative and qualitative methods?
Qualitative methods usually make a YES/NO determination of some type, whereas
quantitative methods provide a numerical estimate of a quantity, including
uncertainties.

For example, a qualitative test for the presence of lead make cause a solution to turn
yellow if a significant quantity of lead ions is present in solution, whereas a quantitative
test might say that lead is present in a sample at a concentration of
2.6
±
0.5
mg/L.

Units of Measurement
Why is a universal system of measurement necessary in science?
Answer:
The scientific community needs to communicate.

Explanation:
A universal system reduces the confusion when different systems of measurement are
used and makes it easy to compare measurements taken by different persons.

Here’s a real-world example of the confusion that can occur.

In 1983 an Air Canada Boeing 767 temporarily had no working fuel gauges, so the
ground crew resorted to calculating the 767's fuel load by hand. They used a procedure
similar to calculating the volume of oil in a car by taking a dipstick reading. This gave
them the volume. But airlines measure the amount of fuel by mass. They needed the
density of jet fuel to make the proper calculations.

The ground crew used 1.77 lb/L as the density, as they had on all other planes in the
fleet. But the brand new 767 was metric and used 0.8 kg/L as the density. The plane had
only about half the fuel the crew believed they had. The plane ran out of fuel and sank
too fast to reach its destination. Only a nearby abandoned Air Force base was a possible
landing spot. The crew made a remarkable dead-stick glider landing. There were only
minor injuries to the passengers as they used the emergency exits on the plane.

https://youtu.be/IuBoeDihLUc

https://youtu.be/6qiYcyhI158