Pec LTD.: 21 SHIPYARD ROAD SINGAPORE 628144 TEL: 6268 9788 FAX: 62689488

PEC LTD.
21 SHIPYARD ROAD SINGAPORE 628144 TEL: 6268 9788 FAX:

62689488
URL: http://www.peceng.com
Date: TITLE: Doc No: C-OMA-11-1227-001
19/03/19 Project No: EKB1D0210000
Client: PRESSURE DROP & VOLUMETRIC Project:

Singapore Refinery FLOW RATE CALCULATION PMMC 4636 - IMO Asphalt
Company Private Limited FOR ASPHALT JET PIPE LINES Management Project
Rev. No. : 00 Page No: 2 of 12
PRESSURE DROP
&
VOLUMETRIC FLOW RATE
PEC LTD.
62689488
19/03/19 Project No: EKB1D0210000

ASPHALT JET PIPE LINE NO: O-RB11343/44-10"-3P1G-ET UNITS REV.

Input Data
1 Volumetric flow rate at Pump discharge area Q1 500 cu.m/hr
Q1 0.1390 cu.m/sec
2 Primary jet-nozzle inner diameter Di 254 mm
3 Length of the primary jet nozz.pipe [from pump to tank-nozz.] L 120000 mm
4 Density of the fluid ρ 960 kg/cu.M
5 Operating fluid temperature Tfluid 160 °C
6 Kinematic viscosity of jet nozzle fluid @ operating temperature µ 150 cSt
µ 0.000150 sq.m/sec
To find
I Pressure-drop
II Volumetric flow-rate
Diagram
PRESSURE (P1) PRESSURE (P2) PRESSURE (P3)
10" NPS 10" NPS

TANK
PRIMARY SECONDARY
JET JET
4" N PS
NOZZLE NOZZLE
SCREW PUMP
4" NPS
PEC LTD.
62689488
19/03/19 Project No: EKB1D0210000

Solution UNITS REV.

1) Reynold`s Number
Volumetric flow rate Q1 : AxV cu.m/hr
Cross-section Area A : 3.14 / 4 x Di2 sq.m

: 3.14 / 4 x (254/1000) ^2
Cross-section Area A : 0.05 sq.m
Fluid Velocity V : Q1 / A m/sec

: 0.139 / 0.05
Fluid Velocity V : 2.78 m/sec
Reynold`s number Re : ρ x V x Di
µ
: 960 x 2.78 x (254/1000)

0.00015
Reynold`s number Re : 4519168
When, Re > 4000, flow is Turbulence.
2 Pressure-Drop Equation
For steady flow of an incompressible fluid in a constant diameter horizontal pipe using the
Darcy-Weisbach friction loss equation, the energy equation from location 1 to 2 is expressed in
terms of pressure drop as:
N/sq.m
Where,
f Moody friction factor
D Inner diamter of pipe
V Fluid velocity
ρ Density of fluid
PEC LTD.
62689488
19/03/19 Project No: EKB1D0210000

UNITS REV.
PEC LTD.
62689488
19/03/19 Project No: EKB1D0210000

UNITS REV.
Based on Reynolds number & Turbulence-curve in moody-diagram/graph:
Moody-friction factor, f : 0.017
Pressure-drop equation
N/sq.m
Δp : 0.017 x 960 x (120000/1000) x 2.78^2 N/sq.m

2 x ( 254 / 1000)
Δp : 29794 N/sq.m
Turbulent Flow
For turbulent flow, Bernoulli`s with Friction terms:
Δp + V2
-ϝ =
ρ 2
= (29794 / 960) + (2.78^2 / 2 )
- ϝ = 34.9
Friction Factor, f
ϝ : 4 x f x ΔX x V2
2 x Di
f : 2 x Di x ϝ
4 x ΔX x V2 ΔX = Length of Pipe
f : 2 x 254 /1000 x 34.9
4 x 120000/1000 x 2.78^2
f : 0.005
PEC LTD.
62689488
Date: Doc No: C-OMA-11-1227-001

TITLE:
19/03/19 Project No: EKB1D0210000

UNITS REV.
Velocity at Pressure (P2) / Junction Area.
V : 2 x ΔP m/sec
[ ρ x ( 4 x f x ΔX / Di - 1)]
: 2 x 29794
[960 x (4 x 0.005 x 120000/254 - 1)]
V : 2.71 m/sec
V : 9756 m/hr
Volumetric flow rate at Pressure (P2) / Junction Area.

Volumetric flow rate Q2 : A x V cu.m/hr
: 3.14 / 4 x Di2 x V
: 3.14 / 4 x (254/1000)^2 x 9756
Q2 : 494 cu.m/hr
Volumetric flow rate at Junction Point [Pressure-P2] : 494 cu.m/hr

PEC LTD.
62689488
19/03/19 Project No: EKB1D0210000

ASPHALT JET PIPE LINE NO: NEW-LINE FOR SECONDARY JET NOZZ. PIPE LINE UNITS REV.
Input Data
1 Volumetric flow rate at junction area [Pressure-P2] Q2 494 cu.m/hr
Q2 0.1370 cu.m/sec
2 Secondary jet-nozzle inner diameter Di 102.26 mm
3 Length of the seondary jet nozz.pipe [from Junc. to tank-nozz.] L 175000 mm
4 Density of the fluid ρ 960 kg/cu.M
5 Operating fluid temperature Tfluid 160 °C
6 Kinematic viscosity of jet nozzle fluid @ operating temperature µ 150 cSt
µ 0.000150 sq.m/sec
To find
I Pressure-drop
II Volumetric flow-rate
Diagram
PRESSURE (P1) PRESSURE (P2) PRESSURE (P3)
10" NPS 10" NPS

TANK
PRIMARY SECONDARY
JET JET
4" NPS
NOZZLE NOZZLE
SCREW PUMP
4" NPS
PEC LTD.
62689488
19/03/19 Project No: EKB1D0210000

Solution UNITS REV.

1) Reynold`s Number
Cross-section Area A : 3.14 / 4 x Di2 sq.m

: 3.14 / 4 x (102.26/1000) ^2
Cross-section Area A : 0.01 sq.m
Fluid Velocity V : Q2 / A m/sec

: 0.137 / 0.01
Fluid Velocity V : 13.70 m/sec
Reynold`s number Re : ρ x V x Di
µ
: 960 x 13.7 x (102.26/1000)

0.00015
Reynold`s number Re : 8966156.8
When, Re > 4000, flow is Turbulence.
2 Pressure-Drop Equation
For steady flow of an incompressible fluid in a constant diameter horizontal pipe using the
Darcy-Weisbach friction loss equation, the energy equation from location 1 to 2 is expressed in
terms of pressure drop as:
N/sq.m
Where,
f Moody friction factor
D Inner diamter of pipe
V Fluid velocity
ρ Density of fluid
PEC LTD.
62689488
19/03/19 Project No: EKB1D0210000

UNITS REV.
PEC LTD.
62689488
19/03/19 Project No: EKB1D0210000

UNITS REV.
Based on Reynolds number & Turbulence-curve in moody-diagram/graph:
Moody-friction factor, f : 0.014
Pressure-drop equation
N/sq.m
Δp : 0.014 x 960 x (175000/1000) x 13.7^2 N/sq.m

2 x ( 102.26 / 1000)
Δp : 2158453 N/sq.m
Turbulent Flow
For turbulent flow, Bernoulli`s with Friction terms:
Δp + V2
-ϝ =
ρ 2
= (2158453 / 960) + (13.7^2 / 2 )
- ϝ = 2342.23
Friction Factor, f
ϝ : 4 x f x ΔX x V2
2 x Di
f : 2 x Di x ϝ
4 x ΔX x V2 ΔX = Length of Pipe
f : 2 x 102.26 /1000 x 2342.23

4 x 175000/1000 x 13.7^2
f : 0.004
PEC LTD.
62689488
19/03/19 Project No: EKB1D0210000

Velocity UNITS REV.

V : 2 x ΔP m/sec
[ ρ x ( 4 x f x ΔX / Di - 1)]
: 2 x 2158453
[960 x (4 x 0.004 x 175000/102.26 - 1)]
V : 13.06 m/sec
V : 47016 m/hr
Volumetric flow rate

: 3.14 / 4 x Di2 x V
: 3.14 / 4 x(102.26/1000)^2 x 47016
Q3 : 386 cu.m/hr
Vol. flow rate - diff. between Pressure point P2 & P3 ΔQ : Q2 - Q3 cu.m/hr

: 494 - 386
Vol. flow rate - diff. between Pressure point P2 & P3 ΔQ : 108 cu.m/hr
Volumetric flow rate Q" : Q2 - ΔQ cu.m/hr

: 494 - 108
: 386 cu.m/hr
Volumetric flow rate @ secondary Jet nozzle point QS : Q" / 2 cu.m/hr

: 386/2
QS : 193 cu.m/hr
Volumetric flow rate @ Primary Jet nozzle/Junction point QP : Qs + ΔQ cu.m/hr

: 193 + 108
QP : 301 cu.m/hr
Result
Volumetric flow rate @ Primary Jet nozzle point QP : 301 cu.m/hr
Volumetric flow rate @ Secondary Jet nozzle point QS : 193 cu.m/hr

Pec LTD.: 21 SHIPYARD ROAD SINGAPORE 628144 TEL: 6268 9788 FAX: 62689488

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Pec LTD.: 21 SHIPYARD ROAD SINGAPORE 628144 TEL: 6268 9788 FAX: 62689488

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PEC LTD.

21 SHIPYARD ROAD SINGAPORE 628144 TEL: 6268 9788 FAX:

Date: TITLE: Doc No: C-OMA-11-1227-001

19/03/19 Project No: EKB1D0210000

Client: PRESSURE DROP & VOLUMETRIC Project:

Rev. No. : 00 Page No: 2 of 12

Date: TITLE: Doc No: C-OMA-11-1227-001

19/03/19 Project No: EKB1D0210000

Client: PRESSURE DROP & VOLUMETRIC Project:

Rev. No. : 00 Page No: 3 of 12

ASPHALT JET PIPE LINE NO: O-RB11343/44-10"-3P1G-ET UNITS REV.

PRESSURE (P1) PRESSURE (P2) PRESSURE (P3)

10" NPS 10" NPS

Date: TITLE: Doc No: C-OMA-11-1227-001

19/03/19 Project No: EKB1D0210000

Client: PRESSURE DROP & VOLUMETRIC Project:

Rev. No. : 00 Page No: 4 of 12

Solution UNITS REV.

Cross-section Area A : 3.14 / 4 x Di2 sq.m

Fluid Velocity V : Q1 / A m/sec

: 960 x 2.78 x (254/1000)

Reynold`s number Re : 4519168

When, Re > 4000, flow is Turbulence.

Date: TITLE: Doc No: C-OMA-11-1227-001

19/03/19 Project No: EKB1D0210000

Client: PRESSURE DROP & VOLUMETRIC Project:

Rev. No. : 00 Page No: 5 of 12

Date: TITLE: Doc No: C-OMA-11-1227-001

19/03/19 Project No: EKB1D0210000

Client: PRESSURE DROP & VOLUMETRIC Project:

Rev. No. : 00 Page No: 6 of 12

Δp : 0.017 x 960 x (120000/1000) x 2.78^2 N/sq.m

= (29794 / 960) + (2.78^2 / 2 )

Date: Doc No: C-OMA-11-1227-001

19/03/19 Project No: EKB1D0210000

Client: PRESSURE DROP & VOLUMETRIC Project:

Rev. No. : 0 Page No: 7 of 12

Volumetric flow rate at Pressure (P2) / Junction Area.

Volumetric flow rate at Junction Point [Pressure-P2] : 494 cu.m/hr

Date: TITLE: Doc No: C-OMA-11-1227-001

19/03/19 Project No: EKB1D0210000

Client: PRESSURE DROP & VOLUMETRIC Project:

Rev. No. : 00 Page No: 8 of 12

PRESSURE (P1) PRESSURE (P2) PRESSURE (P3)

10" NPS 10" NPS

Date: TITLE: Doc No: C-OMA-11-1227-001

19/03/19 Project No: EKB1D0210000

Client: PRESSURE DROP & VOLUMETRIC Project:

Rev. No. : 00 Page No: 9 of 12

Solution UNITS REV.

Cross-section Area A : 3.14 / 4 x Di2 sq.m

Fluid Velocity V : Q2 / A m/sec

: 960 x 13.7 x (102.26/1000)

Reynold`s number Re : 8966156.8

When, Re > 4000, flow is Turbulence.

Date: TITLE: Doc No: C-OMA-11-1227-001

19/03/19 Project No: EKB1D0210000

Client: PRESSURE DROP & VOLUMETRIC Project:

Rev. No. : 00 Page No: 10 of 12

Date: TITLE: Doc No: C-OMA-11-1227-001

19/03/19 Project No: EKB1D0210000

Client: PRESSURE DROP & VOLUMETRIC Project: