Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Simple Lifting Machines
Simple Lifting Machines
Pratik Toraskar
Chapter No 2
Simple Lifting Machines
Simple Machine – A machine is a device that can lift heavy load by applying less
effort as compare to load.
Compound Machine – It is a machine which consists of combination of one or
more than one simple machine
Uses or advantages of Simple Machine
1) To lift heavy loads which is not possible manually.
2) To minimize human efforts.
Effort (P) - The force which is applied to lift a load is called as effort (P). OR The
force which is applied to overcome the resistance is called as effort (P).
Load (W) – The weight to be lifted with the help of machine is called as load (W).
OR The resistive force to be overcome with the help of machine is called as load
(W).
Points to remember
i) Magnitude of effort is always small as compare to the load.
ii) Magnitude of load is always more than the effort.
iii) Unit of Load and Effort is Newton (N)
( )
( )
Actual Machine – The machine whose efficiency is always less than 100% due to
frictional resistance offered by the different moving components of the machine is
called as actual machine,
For such machines, and therefore
Ideal Machine – The machine whose efficiency is always 100% and in which
frictional resistance is totally absent is called as ideal machine.
For such machines, and therefore
Note – Practically the machine can never be ideal.
Ideal effort (Pi) – The effort which is required to lift the load when there is no
friction, is called as ideal effort (Pi).
Note – Actual effort (P) is always greater than ideal effort (Pi)
Ideal load (Wi) – The load which can be lifted by an effort, when there is no
friction, is called as ideal load (Wi).
Note – Actual load (W) is always less than ideal Load (Wi).
Law of Machine – The equation which gives the relation between load lifted and
effort applied in the form of slope and intercept of a straight line is called as law
of machine.
W = Load lifted
C = Intercept on Y-axis
Condition of reversibility -
Condition of Non-Reversibility -