Fire Protection Design for College of Hospitality Education

Building

College of Engineering Education

Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering

On The Job Training

Submitted by:
Christian Lance S. Cenon
Greg F. Felizarta
Jaryl Van I. Oliveros
Jeoffrey G. Bardon
Mark Elgen Ganot
Rodrigo Siguar

Submitted to:
Dr. Cresencio Genobiagon Jr.

June 2021
PROJECT SUMMARY:
The goal and purpose of this study is to analyze the Fire protection Systems of the College of
Hospitality Education at University of Mindanao Matina campus, Davao City. Only the building itself
is analyzed in this project. This report provides prescriptive base analysis focusing on the sprinkler
system. The Resources used are the buildings floor plan’s available pages from the building’s
blueprints, and the building’s sprinkler plans is based and according to Fire protection Handbook, and
NFPA 13, NFPA 14.
While the building’s systems all meet code requirements, and the building performed adequately in a
simulation, the University needs to ensure that the College of Hospitality Education Building is never
occupied over its maximum capacity during special events and in its average occupants every day.
Overfilling the space can lead to crowding, which could potentially cause life-threatening accidents
such as stampede and delays in evacuation. The University must implement fire safety management
not only during special events held in the College of Hospitality Education Building but also from
day-to-day operation. This is to ensure safety of all faculty staffs and students. It is better to be
proactive that reactive is such situations.

INTRODUCTION
The College of Hospitality Education Building is one of the most occupied building during
the school year. Students from other colleges enters this building for their classes. This is also the
building where the exit of the students when they go to NCCC mall before. Due to its accessibility to
the students, it is important that this building must have enough protection when it comes accidents
such as fire. This is because the safety of the faculty and the students is the main priority. This is to
avoid any casualties and to prevent any further damage. Figure 1 below shows the map of the UM
campus, with the College of Hospitality Education with a red circle and arrow. From the map this
building can be seen on the southern part of the campus.

Figure 1. University of Mindanao College of Hospitality Education building in the red

circle
Floor plan:
Figure 2 is the floor plan for the ground floor of the College of Hospitality Education
Building. It shows the access of student to NCCC mall before, the placement of fire exits and fire
extinguishers and the building’s layout. And Figure 3 below shows the floor plan of the second floor.
Both floors will be discussed further in this report.

Figure 2. College of Hospitality Education Building Ground floor

Figure 3. College of Hospitality Education Building Second Floor
DESIGN PROCEDURES FOR FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS

1. Determine the categorization of occupancy.

 Light Hazard
 Ordinary Hazard
 Ordinary Hazard Group 1
 Ordinary Hazard Group 2
 Extra Hazard
 Extra Hazard Group 1
 Extra Hazard Group 2
2. Determine the number of sprinkler heads and branches in the operation area.
3. On the design, draw a sprinkler pipe arrangement and determine the most remote location of
operation.
4. Choose the appropriate density from the NFPA No. 13 density/area curve.
5. Pipe diameters should be included on the sprinkler piping layout from the branches, cross
main, feed main, and riser all the way down to the fire pump discharge outlet.
6. To compute the total GPM and pressure head, use the standard hydraulic calculation form
from NFPA No.13.
7. Determine the power of the fire pump and jockey pump.
HAZARD CLASSIFICATION

Figure 4. Hazard Classification ( NFPA 13 )

Water- Based Fire Suppression System

Project Background
Sprinkler systems are built to either control or suffocate a fire. Control mode sprinklers are
intended to decrease the pace at which a fire emits heat, therefore preventing building structural
collapse and pre-wetting surrounding combustibles to limit fire spread. The fire is not quenched until
all of the burning combustibles have been consumed or the fire has been fully extinguished. The
manual extinguishing device has been damaged.

System Type
The Gymnasium of the University of Mindanao Matina Campus is outfitted with a wet pipe
system and fast response sprinklers. A wet pipe system is defined as a sprinkler system that uses
automated sprinklers attached to a piping system that already contains water in Section 3.4.11 of the
2016 Edition of NFPA 13.
Occupancy Classification by rooms
Every room on campus is classified as either light danger or ordinary hazard (group 1).
According to NFPA 13, light hazard occupancies are ones in which the amount and/or combustibility
of the contents is restricted, and the projected flames have modest heat release rates. Ordinary hazard
(group 1) occupancies are those with low combustibility, a moderate number of combustibles, and
projected fires with moderate heat release rates, according to NFPA 13 Section 5.3.1.
Structure The risk assessment is based on the National Fire Protection Association's (NFPA) 13
standard. According to NFPA 13, light hazard occupancies are ones in which the amount and/or
combustibility of the contents is restricted, and the projected flames have modest heat release rates.
Ordinary hazard occupancies are ones in which the combustibility is low, the amount of combustibles
is moderate, and the expected flames release moderate heat, according to Section 5.3.1 of NFPA 13.

Sprinkler System Design Criteria

Figure 11.2.3.1.1 of NFPA 13 depicts the water demand design criteria for a Control Mode /
Density Area sprinkler device. Figure 6 depicts the needed demand design criteria for the Community
Center as blue and red circles.

Figure 5. Figure 11.2.3.1.1 from NFPA

Table 11.2.3.1.2 from NFPA 13 may be used to determine the hose stream allowance and
water supply length for sprinkler systems based on the occupancy classification. As seen in Figure 6,
Table 4 depicts this table with the associated rows underlined in blue and red.

Table 4. Table 11.2.3.1.2 from NFPA

Calculations of the Sprinkler Designs
Tables relevant to calculations:
DETERMINING THE SPRINKLER HEADS QUANTITY,
Design Area A
Total Sprinklers to Calculate = ;Number of Sprinklers on Branch Line = ;Where:
Protection Area S
A = Design Area, ft 2 ; S = Distance of Sprinklers on Branch line, sq . ft / sprinkler

Ground Floor Calculations:

• Room “A”
Floor Area = 3.5 x 7 = 24.5 sq. m
Protection Area = 12.1 sq. m
No. of Sprinklers = Floor Area/Protection Area
= 24.5/12.1
= 2.02 ≈ 2 sprinklers
• Room “B”
Floor Area = 3.5 x 7 = 24.5 sq. m
Protection Area = 12.1 sq. m
No. of Sprinklers = Floor Area/Protection Area
= 24.5/12.1
= 2.02 ≈ 2 sprinklers

• Room “C”
Floor Area = 3.5 x 7 = 24.5 sq. m
Protection Area = 12.1 sq. m
No. of Sprinklers = Floor Area/Protection Area
= 24.5/12.1
= 2.02 ≈ 2 sprinklers
 • Room “D”
Floor Area = 5 x 7 = 35 sq. m
Protection Area = 12.1 sq. m
No. of Sprinklers = Floor Area/Protection Area
= 35/12.1
= 2.89 ≈ 3 sprinklers
• Room “E”
Floor Area = 11 x 7 = 77 sq. m
Protection Area = 12.1 sq. m
No. of Sprinklers = Floor Area/Protection Area
= 77/12.1
= 6.36 ≈ 6 sprinklers
• Room “F”
Floor Area = 18.5 x 9 = 166.5 sq. m
Protection Area = 12.1 sq. m
No. of Sprinklers = Floor Area/Protection Area
= 166.5/12.1
= 13.76 ≈ 14 sprinklers

• Room “G”
Floor Area = 2.5 x 18.5 = 46.25 sq. m
Protection Area = 12.1 sq. m
No. of Sprinklers = Floor Area/Protection Area
= 46.25/12.1
= 3.8 ≈ 4 sprinklers

• Room “H” of Hallway

Floor Area = 21.5 x 2.5 = 53.75 sq. m
Protection Area = 12.1 sq. m
No. of Sprinklers = Floor Area/Protection Area
= 53.75/12.1
= 4.44 ≈ 5 sprinklers
Second Floor Calculations:
 • Room “A”
Floor Area = 9 x 6.75 = 60.75 sq. m
Protection Area = 12.1 sq. m
No. of Sprinklers = Floor Area/Protection Area
= 60.75/12.1
= 5.02 ≈ 6 sprinklers

• Room “B”
Floor Area = 9 x 6.75 = 60.75 sq. m
Protection Area = 12.1 sq. m
No. of Sprinklers = Floor Area/Protection Area
= 60.75/12.1
= 5.02 ≈ 6 sprinklers

• Room “C”
Floor Area = 9 x 6.75 = 60.75 sq. m
Protection Area = 12.1 sq. m
No. of Sprinklers = Floor Area/Protection Area
= 60.75/12.1
= 5.02 ≈ 6 sprinklers

• Room “D”
Floor Area = 9 x 6.75 = 60.75 sq. m
Protection Area = 12.1 sq. m
No. of Sprinklers = Floor Area/Protection Area
= 60.75/12.1
= 5.02 ≈ 6 sprinklers
• Room “E”
Floor Area = 9 x 6 = 54 sq. m
Protection Area = 12.1 sq. m
No. of Sprinklers = Floor Area/Protection Area
= 54/12.1
= 4.46 ≈ 5 sprinklers
• Room “F”
Floor Area = 12 x 9 = 108 sq. m
Protection Area = 12.1 sq. m
No. of Sprinklers = Floor Area/Protection Area
= 108/12.1
= 8.9 ≈ 9 sprinklers
• Room “G” or Hallway
Floor Area = 2.5 x 45 = 112.5 sq. m
Protection Area = 12.1 sq. m
No. of Sprinklers = Floor Area/Protection Area
= 112.5/12.1
= 9.29 ≈ 9 sprinklers

TOTAL NUMBER OF SPRINKLERS:

• Ground Floor – 45 Sprinklers
• Second Floor – 47 Sprinklers
Total = 92 Sprinklers
• We decided to use upright sprinklers inside the classroom and use pendent sprinklers in the
hallways.
No. of upright sprinklers = 76 No. of pendent sprinklers = 16
 Layout of the Sprinkler Designs (conclusion of design based on calculations above)

Ground Floor

Figure 1: Ground Floor

Second Floor

Figure 2: 2nd Floor

For Piping Calculations:

Ground Floor
Room “A”
No. of sprinkler 2
Pipe size 1”
Total pipe length = 6.25 m
Distance of head to wall = 1.75m (x-axis)
Distance of head to wall = 3.5 (y-axis)

Room “B”
No. of sprinkler 2
Pipe size 1”
Total pipe length = 6.25 m
Distance of head to wall = 1.75m (x-axis)
Distance of head to wall = 3.5 (y-axis)

Room “C”
No. of sprinkler 2
Pipe size 1”
Total pipe length = 6.25 m
Distance of head to wall = 1.75m (x-axis)
Distance of head to wall = 3.5 (y-axis)
Room “D”
No. of sprinkler 3
Pipe size 1 1/4”
Total pipe length = 8.75 m
Distance of head to wall = 2.5m (x-axis)
Distance of head to wall = 3.5 (y-axis)

Room “E”
No. of sprinkler 6
Pipe size 2”
Total pipe length = 23.25 m
Distance of head to wall = 5.5 (x-axis)
Distance of head to wall = 3.5 (y-axis)

Room “F-1”
No. of sprinkler 7
Pipe size 2”
Total pipe length = 25.25 m
Distance of head to wall = 4.5m (x-axis)
Distance of head to wall = 4.5 (y-axis)

Room “F-2”
No. of sprinkler 7
Pipe size 2”
Total pipe length = 27.25 m
Distance of head to wall = 4.5m (x-axis)
Distance of head to wall = 4.5 (y-axis)
Room “G”
No. of sprinkler 4
Pipe size 1 1/2”
Total pipe length = 13.75 m
Distance of head to wall = 4.625m (x-axis)
Distance of head to wall = 1.5 (y-axis)

Room “H-1” (hallway)

No. of sprinkler 7
Pipe size 3 1/2” (main pipe)
Total pipe length = 25 m
Distance of head to wall = 4.65m (x-axis)
Distance of head to wall = 1.5 (y-axis)

Room “H-2” (hallway)

No. of sprinkler 5
Pipe size 3 1/2” (main pipe)
Total pipe length = 34.5 m
Distance of head to wall = 4.65m (x-axis)
Distance of head to wall = 1.5 (y-axis)

Number of sprinklers on the ground floor 45, main pipe diameter: 3 ½ “

Second Floor

Room “A”
No. of sprinkler 6
Pipe size 2”
Total pipe length = 18.625 m
Distance of head to wall = 3.375m (x-axis)
Distance of head to wall = 4.5 (y-axis)

Room “B”
No. of sprinkler 6
Pipe size 2”
Total pipe length = 18.625 m
Distance of head to wall = 3.375m (x-axis)
Distance of head to wall = 4.5 (y-axis)

Room “C”
No. of sprinkler 6
Pipe size 2”
Total pipe length = 18.625 m
Distance of head to wall = 3.375m (x-axis)
Distance of head to wall = 4.5 (y-axis)

Room “D”
No. of sprinkler 6
Pipe size 2”
Total pipe length = 18.625 m
Distance of head to wall = 3.375m (x-axis)
Distance of head to wall = 4.5 (y-axis)
Room “E”
No. of sprinkler 5
Pipe size 1 1/2”
Total pipe length = 13.75 m
Distance of head to wall = 3.375m (x-axis)
Distance of head to wall = 4.5 (y-axis)

Room “F”
No. of sprinkler 9
Pipe size 2”
Total pipe length = 30.25 m
Distance of head to wall = 6m (x-axis)
Distance of head to wall = 4.5 (y-axis)

Room “G”
No. of sprinkler 9
Pipe size 2”
Total pipe length = 50 m
Distance of head to wall = 5m (x-axis)
Distance of head to wall = 1.25 (y-axis)

Supports (1st & 2nd floor)

Diameter Length (meter) No. of supports
1” 18.75 8
1 ¼” 8.75 2
1 ½” 27.5 11
2” 155.25 63
3½“ 109.5 44
Hydraulics Calculation

Design Calculation
Our presentation deals with hydraulic calculations of the wet sprinkler system of a GET
building under Light Occupancy Hazard Classification. The area cover by sprinkler is 146 sq.ft
with a water density of 0.15gpm/sq.ft, the sprinkler K-factor is 8 and the C-factor of pipe is 120
for Black Steel.
Flow Rate(gpm) @ end sprinkler
Q = Area x Density
Q = 146 x 0.15 = 21.2 gpm
For required pressure
Q = (K)(P)1/2
P = (21.2/8)2
P = 7 psi - so it fits to a minimum pressure.
Formula for Friction loss
4.52 x Q 1.85 xL
Pf = 1.85 Formula for Flow adjustment
C x D 4.87
PH
Qadj =Qx
√PL
Where:
Qadj = adjusted flow rate
Q = calculated flow rate
PH = High Pressure
PL = Low Pressure

Sprinkle Flow Fittings Pipe C- Pressure Req. K-

r (gpm) & Equivalent facto Loss Pressure factor
Pipe size
Device Length r
Location (psi) (psi)
s

q Nom 1” Lgth 10’ Pt 7

.
None 120 8
Sprinkle Q 21.2 Act. 1.049” Ftg 0 Pf 0.5
r1
Tot 10’ P 0
e
q 21.9 Nom 1” None Lgth 10’ Pt 7.5
.
120 8
Sprinkle Act. 1.049” Ftg 0 Pf 0.7
 r2 Q 43 Tot 10’ P 0
e

q 23.1 Nom 1” Lgth 6.5’ Pt 8.3

.
1T 120 8
Sprinkle Ftg 1’ Pf 10.3
r
Q 66.1 Act. 1.049” Tot 7.5’ P 0
3 e

A q 34.5 Nom 3.5” Lgth 7.5’ Pt 30.4

.
None 120 8
3.55” Ftg 0 Pf 15.2

Q 100.6 Act. Tot 7.5’ P 0

e

B q 100.9 Lgth 10’ Pt 45.6

None ftg 0 120 Pf 17.9 8

Q 201.5 Tot 10’ P 0
e
C q 101.2 Nom 3.5” Lgth 10’ Pt 63.56

3.55” None Ftg 0 120 Pf 24.42 8

Q 302.7 Act. Tot 10’ P 0

e

Total Pt 87.98
Sprinkler Flow Pipe size Fittings Pipe C- Pressure Req. K-
(gpm) & Equivalent facto Loss Pressure factor
Location
Devices Length r
(psi) (psi)

q Nom. 2” Lgt 16.4 Pt 7.65

h
None 120 8
Sprinkler Q 22.14 Act. 2.07” Ftg 0 Pf 0.1
1
Tot 16.4 Pe 0
q 22.27 Nom. 2” None Lgt 16.4 Pt 24.2
h 4
120 8
A Q 44.4 Act. 2.07” Ftg 0 Pf 3.15
Tot 16.4 Pe 0

B q 45.67 Nom. 2” Lgt 15.4 Pt 27.3

h 9
1T 120 8
Q 90.1 Act. 2.07” Ftg 1 Pf 5

Tot 16.4 Pe 0
C q 47.68 Nom. 3.5” Lgt 16.4 Pt 32.3
h 9
None 120 8
Ftg 0 Pf 1.6

Q 138.29 Act. 3.55” Tot 16.4 Pe 0

D q 34.6 Lgt 22.14 Pt 34
h
2T 120 8
Q 172.9 Ftg 2 Pf 3.65
Tot 24.14 Pe 0

E q 35.05 Nom 3.5” Lgt 22.96 Pt 37.6

h 5
1E 120 8
Q 207.95 Act. 3.55” 2T Ftg 10 Pf 7.8
Tot 32.96 Pe 0
 D q 35.9 Nom 3.5” Lgt 16.3 Pt 45.5
h
1T 120 8
243.85 Act. 3.55” Ftg 1 Pf 3.1

Tot 17.3 Pe 0

Total 243.85 Pt 48.6

GPM

For fire pump:

HQ
WHp=
3960
H = height ΔP in ft. (115 ft)
Q = flow rate (GPM) (546.53 = 550)

115 ft . x 550
WHp= =15.97 Hp
3960

WHP
Hp rating, @ 70% efficiency: Hp rating= =¿22.817 hp
.7

For jockey pump:

HQ (.01) 115ft . x 55
WHp= = =1.59 hp
3960 3960

WHP 1.59 hp
Hp rating, @ 70% efficiency: Hp rating= = =2.27=2.5 hp
.7 .7

Tank capacity calculation:

550 gal /min
T capacity = x 30 mins .=2205.88 cu . ft
7.48 gal /ft 3
 Costing of Materials
Pipe Costing

https://www.theprojectestimate.com/black-iron-steel-pipes-price/
Ground Floor & Second Floor

Pipe Size Price per length in Total length No. of length Cost (Php)
Php (6 meter) (meter)
1” 1,077.00 18.75 4 4,308.00
1 ¼” 1,470.00 8.75 2 2,940.00
1 ½” 1,701.00 13.75 + 13.75 5 8,505.00
2” 2,268.00 50.5 + 104.75 26 58,968.00
3½“ 7,219.00 59.5 + 50 (19) 19 137,161.00
Total cost - - - 211,882.00

Sprinklers Costing
 Sprinkler Type No. of sprinkler needed Cost (Php)
Upright Sprinkler 76 19139.08
Pendent Sprinkler 16 4835.04
Total cost - 23974.12

Supports Cost

Diameter Price/pc (Php) No. of supports Cost

1” Adjustable Swivel 121.128 8 969.024
Pipe type
1 ¼” Adjustable Swivel 121.128 2 242.256
Pipe type
1 ½” Adjustable Swivel 148.5 11 1,633.5
Pipe type
2” Adjustable Swivel 148.5 63 9,355.00
Pipe type
3½“ U -Bolt TYPE 950.36 44 41,800.00
Total - - - 53,999.78

Fittings Cost

(Source: https://www.theprojectestimate.com/black-iron-steel-pipes-price/)

Size Description Price per piece Quantity Cost (Php)

(Php)
1” BI 90 deg elbow, 81 - -
Sch40 (Threaded
connection)
1¼“ BI 90 deg elbow, 133 - -
Sch40 (Threaded
connection)
1½“ BI 90 deg elbow, 166 - -
Sch40 (Threaded
connection)
2” BI 90 deg elbow, 247 3 741.00
Sch40 (Threaded
connection)
3 ½” BI 90 deg elbow, 490 7 3,430.00
Sch40 (Threaded
connection)
 1” BI Straight Tee, Sch40 81 - -
(Threaded Connection)
1 ¼” BI Straight Tee, Sch40 129 1 129.00
(Threaded Connection)
1 ½” BI Straight Tee, Sch40 164 2 328.00
(Threaded Connection)
2” BI Straight Tee, Sch40 241 6 1,446.00
(Threaded Connection)
3 ½” BI Straight Tee, Sch40 472 14 6,608.00
(Threaded Connection)
1” BI Cross Tee, Sch40 498 - -
(Threaded Connection)
1 ¼” BI Cross Tee, Sch40 607 - -
(Threaded Connection)
1 ½” BI Cross Tee, Sch40 716 1 716.00
(Threaded Connection)
2” BI Cross Tee, Sch40 934 17 13,076.00
(Threaded Connection)
3 ½” BI Cross Tee, Sch40 1588 1 1,588.00
(Threaded Connection)
Total - - - 28,062.00

Pump costing

Pump type Capacity HEADS (ft.) Motor (Hp) Cost (Php)

(GPM)
Fire pump 80 – 250 28 4 – 300 3,420,000.00
Jockey pump 7 – 793 28 - 540,00.00
Total - - - 3,960,000.00
Tank and Valve Cost Estimation
(https://www.theprojectestimate.com/steel-water-tank-price-list/)

Tank Cost/pc. Cost

15000 L (530) 355,600.00 1,422,400.00
Valve - -
3 ½” 85,720.80 257,162.40
Total - 1,679,562.4

Overall total estimation cost of materials:

Material Cost (Php)

Pipes 211,882.00
Sprinklers 23974.12
Supports 53,999.78
Fittings 28,062.00
Pumps 3,960,000.00
Tank and Valves 1,679,562.4

Total Cost 5,957,479.00

Summary of the design in AutoCAD file to be followed next week