Lesson 1

Musculo-Skeletal System

Q2, Week 1

I. Objective:
Explain how the organs of each organ system work together
(S6LT-IIa-b-1)

Value Focus: Being healthy is not all about keeping the body physical fit.
II. Subject Matter
A. Skill: Identifying, Observing, Explaining
B. Reference: Science for Daily Use Textbook in Grade 4 pp. 3-13
Ang Skeletal System
Musculo –Skeletal System
C. Pictures of a Muscolo-Skeletal System
III. Instructional Procedure:
A. Engagement:
1. Ask the pupils:
Have you ever made a kite with a
shape? What did you use as its
frame? Where did you paste the paper
to complete the kite? When the kite
was finished, did it have a shape
similar to its frame?

Have you see n a house being built?

What did the carpenters build first?
Does the framework make the house
stand? Does it also give a definite
form to the house?

How will you compare that to the human body?

Is there a framework that provides structure to the
human body?

2. Let the pupils connect the cut out pictures of the

human skeletal system and label the parts

B. Exploration
Group pupils into three. Each group will
begiven the following activity.
1. Observe the picture of Musculo-Skeletal System and Bone Structure
 Identify the different parts of Musculo-Skeletal System
 How do skeleton functions? Refer to Science for Daily Use pp.3-8

EXPLANATION:

Let each group post their work in the board.

 Ask:
What are the parts & functions of the Musculo-Skeletal System?

Mix and match activity:

Identify the Parts and functions of Skeletal System using the picture (group work)
Each group will be provided with a metacard
For the parts use green color of metacard
For the function use yellow color of metacard
After writing the parts and function each group should present their output

ELABORATION:
Assign each group
Group 1 connect the different parts,
Group 2 identify the different parts,
Group 3 explain the different function

Background information:

The Musculo-Skeletal System is like a frame. It gives your body shape and
support. It support your body as you move. Some bones protect some vital
parts or internal organs of your body. Some bones enable the body to make
different movement. The bones in the head. The bone forming the head is
the skull or cranium. It is like a built-in helmet is made up of eight bones that
have grown together. You have about 206 bones in your body. As a baby
E. EVALUATION:
Matching type: Match the parts of the skeletal system in column A with the functions
in column B.
Column A Column B
1. Skull a. the inner layer of the bone that contains yellowish substance
which
manufacture blood cells in the body.
2. Spinal column b. protects the spinal cord
3. Bones c. a rigid case that protects the brain
4. Hinge joint d. allows movement in all direction
5. Ball and socket e. allows movement in one direction

IV. ASSIGNMENT:
How will you take care of your bones?

Lesson 2
Musculo-Skeletal System

Q2, Week 1
Day 2
Duration: 1 day
I. Objective:
Expain how the organs of each organ system work together
(S6LT-IIa-b-1)
Value Focus: Learning to Value Health and Clean Surrounding
II. Subject Matter:
Explain how the organs of Musculo-Skeletal System work together
A. Skill: observe, identify,
B. Reference: Science for Daily Use Textbook in Grade 4 pp. 3-13
Science and Health Textbook in Grade 4 pp. 22-44
Science Link
C. Pictures of a Muscolo-Skeletal System
III. Instructional Procedure:
A. Engagement :
1. Review on Skeletal System
2. Touch your cheek, legs, arms, palms, fingers, and stomach.
Can you feel the fleshy parts?
How do they feel?
Are they hard or soft? Your bones are covered with muscles.
Can you imagine yourself without the muscles that cover your bones and other
internal organs?
3. Rearrange the jumbled letters inside the box to from the correct word
being described by the group of words at the right.

Do it in your notebook.

1. H B O N S E I P – located just below the waist

2. S P I L A N C O M N L U – consists of 26 vertebrae

3. R B I G A C E – consists of 12 ribs on each side of the body

4. K U L S L – it is the top of the spine
B. EXPLORATION:
Group Activity
1. Setting of standards/Safety Tips
2. Activity #1: Observing Tendons of Muscles
Problem: How are the muscles connected to the bones?
Refer to Science Links page 150 /Science and Health 4 page 24
C. EXPLANATION:
How are muscles connected to bones?
What are the types of muscles?
Explain how the organs of Musculo-Skeletal System work together

Activity #2: Observing Movement of Muscles

Problem: How do muscles work? Refer to New Science Links p.116
Safety Tips: Do not overstretch your muscles.
Picture analysis: Group work.
 The teacher show pictures of the different types of muscles maybe:
a. skeletal muscles
b. smooth muscles
c. cardiac muscles
Guide Questions:
1. What can you see/observe in the pictures given?
2. How do these muscles move or work?
3. Compare and contrast the three kinds of muscles:

Background Information for Teachers

The skeletal system serves as a framework for tissues and organs to

attach themselves to. This system acts as a protective structure for
vital organs. Major examples of this are the brain being protected by
the skull and the lungs being protected by the rib cage.
Located in long bones are two distinctions of bone marrow (yellow and
red). The yellow marrow has fatty connective tissue and is found in the
marrow cavity. During starvation, the body uses the fat in yellow
marrow for energy.[8] The red marrow of some bones is an important
site for blood cell production, approximately 2.6 million red blood
cells per second in order to replace existing cells that have been
destroyed by the liver.[5] Here all erythrocytes, platelets, and
most leukocytes form in adults. From the red marrow, erythrocytes,
platelets, and leukocytes migrate to the blood to do their special tasks.
Another function of bones is the storage of certain
minerals. Calcium and phosphorus are among the main minerals being
stored. The importance of this storage "device" helps to
regulate mineral balance in the bloodstream. When the fluctuation
of minerals is high, these minerals are stored in bone; when it is low it
will be withdrawn from the bone. A tendon is a tough, flexible band
of fibrous connective tissue that connects muscles to bones.[13] The extra-
cellular connective tissue between muscle fibers binds to tendons at the
distal and proximal ends, and the tendon binds to the periosteum of
individual bones at the muscle's origin and insertion. As muscles contract,
tendons transmit the forces to the relatively rigid bones, pulling on them and
causing movement. Tendons can stretch substantially, allowing them to
function as springs during locomotion, thereby saving energy.
D. ELABORATION:
1. Why don’t we overstretch our muscles?
If we do, what will happen?
2. Why handicapped person should be treated with kindness and respect?
3. Explain how the bones and muscles work together?
4. How will you know that a muscle is contracting?
5. Why do muscles need rest?

E. EVALUATION:
Completion Type.
Supply the missing words. Choose your answers in the box .
Muscles Smooth Muscular
Cardiac Pairs

The ______system consist of all muscles in the body. Muscles have three
kinds:______,______ and skeletal. Muscles always work in _____.If one muscle
contracts the opposite relaxes. _______help the body move and do work. Good food,
exercise, rest, and good posture are necessary to make muscles strong and healthy.

IV. Assignment:
Write SM if the statement pertains to smooth muscles, CA if cardiac muscles and SK if
skeletal muscles.
_____1. These are muscles found only in heart.
--------2. They are striated and involuntary.
--------3. They are striated and voluntary.
--------4. They are muscles of internal organs.
--------5. The muscle cell of this type contains only one nucleus.