UNIT TITLE: NATURE AND ELEMENTS OF COMMUNICATION

LESSON TITLE: Models of Communication

Learning Objectives:

 Explain the three models of communication;

 Analyze the elements included in each of the communication models;
 Illustrate each of the communication models; and
 Write conversations in which the communication models have application

Gaining Attention:
No matter your age, background, or experience, effective communication is a skill you can learn.
Some of the greatest leaders of all time are also fantastic communicators and orators. In fact, communication
is one of the most popular college degrees today; people recognize the value of a truly efficient
communicator. With a little self-confidence and knowledge of the basics, you'll be able to get your point
across quickly and easily.

Presentation / Content:
A model is a representation of a thing or a process that identifies the key parts or
elements and indicates how each element affects the operation of all other elements. A
house plan, for example, requires a model of the house showing the different rooms,
measurements and the entire floor plan.
A communication system can be reduced to such a model. In fact, to several
models depending upon what aspects of communication is of primary interest. Although
some speakers may have no need for any communication model, the fact is that most of us
need help in conceptualizing the oral communication process.
Further, armed with models that direct our attention to a particular aspect or
features of oral communication, we are more likely to create strategically sound and
https://www.google.com/search?
situationally sensitive speakers or conversation than if we unaware of the importance of a
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particular element or aspect of communication.
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Communication models are systematic representations of the process which helps in understanding how
communication works can be done.
Models of communication are conceptual models used to explain the communication process.

Several communication theorists devised models for a better understanding of the process of communication. One of
these models that show the basic flow of communication can be seen on the next page. The diagram shows that the
flow starts with the sender sending a message to receiver who shares the feedback with the source.

Sender Message Transmission Recipient Receiver

(Ideas) (Encodes) (Signals) (Decodes) (Meaning)

Feedback

The above paradigm and the other models help people understand “how communication works, how messages are
transmitted, how it is received by the other party, and how the message is eventually interpreted and understood.”

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 MODELS OF
COMMUNICATION
Shannon’s Model
The Shannon’s Model of communication introduced by Claude Shannon in 1948 is the precursor of the
different communication models today. Considered the father of later communication models, it greatly enhanced the
communication process in various fields.
The sample illustration of this model shows that communication is initiated by an information source,
generally a person who sends a message with the use of a transmitter, any device such as telephone or computer used
in communication. As the sender encodes the message at one end, the receiver or recipient decodes the message at the
other end. However, noise or any similar thing may serve to interfere in the communication process. An instrument
may serve as the source of the receiver. This model is one of the simplest models illustrating how communication
works.

Source Encode Decode Receiver

Noise

Berlo’s Model

Another communication model was introduced by Berlo, who emphasized the relationship between the sender and the
receiver, usually persons. For communication to be effective, the message must be properly encoded and decoded.
Proper decoding is possible only if the sender or receiver respectively possesses the qualities required of the best
communicators (communication skills, attitudes, knowledge, social system, and culture). Berlo’s Model also considers
two other components of communication – the message and the channel and their sub-components as shown in the
diagram below.

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Schramm’s Model

The Schramm’s model of communication is

defined as a circular model that shows that messages go 2
into two directions.

FOUR KEY PRINCIPLES SCHRAMM’S MODEL

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The Shannon model sees communication occurring in five key parts: sender, encoder, channel, decoder,
receiver. It emphasizes the importance of encoding and decoding messages for them to be sent (e.g. turning them into
written words, morse code, etc.). During the process of encoding, sending and decoding, ‘noise’ occurs that can disrupt
or cloud a message. In the most traditional sense, this may be static on a radio broadcast, or even extend to mishearing
a conversation or misspelling an email. This model was the first to introduce the role of noise in the communication
process.

Berlo’s model of communication explains it in four steps: Source, Message, Channel, and Receiver. The unique

aspect of Berlo’s model is that it gives a detailed account of the key elements in each step that will affect how well the
message is communicated:
 Source: Elements of the source include communication skills of the sender, their attitude and their culture.
 Message: Elements of the message include its content, structure and code.
 Channel: Elements of the channel include the senses of hearing, seeing, touching, smelling, etc.
 Receiver: Elements of the receiver include their attitude, knowledge and culture.

The Schramm model explores communication that is equal and reciprocal. It does not differentiate between the
sender and receiver, but sees each as being in an equal position as message encoders and decoders. 

Eliciting Performance:

Fill in the blanks with important information about the models of communication.

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 2.1. A model of communication is a ______________________________________.
2.2. Shannon’s model is formed with five key elements more focused on _________.
2.3. ______________________________model introduced the concept of 'Noise'.
2.4. __________________ This element includes content, structure, and code.
2.5. The model of Wilbur Schramm introduced the concept of __________________.

Reference:
Watch the pre -recorded lecture video
Communication Today: Oral Communication in Context for Senior High School
uploaded in google drive and posted in our
Authors: Jesus Z. Menoy and Guia F. Constantino
FB social group for further explanation!

Prepared by:

MARY JOYCE N. RAMOS

Contact number: 09507897166
FB account: Mary Joyce Ramos
Gmail account: mjramos229628@gmail.com

Name of Student: ___________________________ Year Level & Strand: ___________________

Name of Teacher: ____ Subject: Oral Communication 11
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 Type of Assessment: FORMATIVE / Week: 2 Date Due: ___________________

COMMUNICATION MODELS. Using a table, compare and contrast Shannon’s Model and Schramm’s
Model.

POINT OF COMPARISON SHANNON’S MODEL SCHRAMM’S MODEL

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Cut here
Parents Signature: ____________________
Date Submitted: ______________
KING THOMAS LEARNING ACADEMY, INC. | (SENIOR HIGH
SCHOOL)
Take Note. This page should be cut and submitted based on the DEPARTMENT | SY 2021 - 2022
date due stated above. Thank you.

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 Name of Student: ______________________________Year Level & Strand:___________________

Name of Teacher:________________________ Subject: Oral Communication 11

Type of Assessment: SUMMATIVE / Week: 2 Date Due: __________________

Directions: Select and illustrate one model of communication. Then, explain how the model works in
daily life situations.

Cut here

Parents Signature: ____________________

Date Submitted: ______________
KING THOMAS LEARNING ACADEMY, INC. | (SENIOR
HIGH SCHOOL) DEPARTMENT | SY 2020 - 2021

Take Note!! This page should be cut and submitted based on the
Date due stated above. Thank you.