Test considerations for PoE deployment

Presentation Objectives

1. PoE Trends
2. Standards
3. Why Must We Test?
4. How Shall We Test?

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 PoE Powered Smart Building

• IP Convergence for Smart Buildings

– Lighting
– Smart Metering
– Security Access
– Sensors
– HVAC
– Blinds

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 Proliferation of PoE Enabled Devices

POWER

Wattage
Type 4
4PPoE
Up to 90
Desktop Computers Televisions Video Conferencing Information Kiosks High Power WiFi

Type 3
UPOE
Up to 60 PoE++
Access Controls Point of Sale Nurse Call 802.11ac Laptops Cameras LED Lighting

Type 2
Up to 30 PoE+
Video IP Phone PTZ IP Cameras Alarm Systems
RFID Readers

Type 1
Up to 15.4 PoE
Thin clients Biometric Access Controls 802.11n AP Occupancy Sensors

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 Terminology

What is Power over Ethernet (PoE)?

Power over Ethernet (PoE) is technology that

passes electric power over twisted-pair
Ethernet cable to powered devices (PD),
such as wireless access points, IP cameras,
and VoIP phones in addition to the data that
cable usually carries. It enables one RJ45
cable to provide both data connection and
electric power to PDs instead of having a
separate cable for each.

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 Terminology
Powered Device (PD)
Any network device that is powered by PoE is referred to as a powered device, or PD. Wireless access points,
IP security cameras and VoIP phones are common examples. The rise of the more powerful IEEE 802.3bt
standard has paved the way for more power-hungry applications such as PoE LED lighting and High-Speed HD
Outdoor PoE network cameras with climate control.

Power Sourcing Equipment (PSE)

PSE devices send power and data over the Ethernet cable to a connected PD. PSE devices are classified as
either “midspan” or “endspan.”

ENDSPAN
Also called endpoint, the typical endspan is a PoE Network Switch. Since the switch itself can power connected
devices, there is no need for an additional power source between the PoE switch (PSE) and the connected PoE
edge device (PD).

MIDSPAN
If a non-PoE-enabled network switch is to be used with a PoE device, an power source that adds power to the
connection is required. This device is placed between ("in the middle") the non-PoE network switch and the PoE
device. A very common type of a PoE midspan is a PoE injector.

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Terminology

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CLASS PSE OUTPUT (W) PD INPUT (W) PoE TYPE STANDARD
0 15.4 12.95 1 IEEE 802.3af
1 4 3.84 1
2 7 6.49 1
3 15.4 12.95 1
4 30 25.5 2 IEEE 802.3at

5 45 40 3 IEEE 802.3bt
6 60 51 3
7 75 62 4 IEEE 802.3bt
8 90 73 4

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 Standards Update

MPTL (Modular Plug Terminated Links)

- Permanent Link with a Plug directly terminated at one end

DC Resistance UnBalance within Pair & between Pairs

ANSI/TIA-568.2-D Approved Sep 2018
28AWG Patch Cords.
- Length derating needs to be applied when using AWG28 Patch Cords for
Channels

Classes A, B, C, D, E, EA, F, FA, I and II, Class BCT-B

ISO/IEC 11801-1 Ed 1.0 Approved Nov 2017
DC Resistance UnBalance within Pair & between Pairs

IEEE 802.3 bt Approved Sep 2018 IEEE 802.3af (15W), 802.3at (30W), 802.3bt (90W)

ANSI/TIA-568.2-D
In progress Requirements & Guidelines for Power Delivery over Balanced Twisted Pair Cabling
Addendum 2

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 Test Configurations

Channel /
Permanent Link

MPTL

Length, Delay, DC Loop Res, IL, RL, NEXT, PSNEXT, ACRF,

PSACRF
Test Parameters
DC Resistance UnBalance, TCL, ELTCTL

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 Test Configurations

Network Switch + PoE

PoE Injector

Connectivity & Functional Test

Signal to Noise Ratio ( SNR) : 10/100/1000BASE-T
MultiGigabit SNR : 2.5/5/10GBASE-T
Test Parameters
IEEE 802.3 af/at/bt PoE Power delivery
PoE Load Test
Powered Fiber

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WHY MUST WE TEST?

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 Common Issues - Cables

DC resistance unbalance is more often caused by poor

workmanship, inconsistent terminations and subpar
cable quality.

DCR in PoE applications drives the amount of heat

generated in the cable.

The larger conductor sizes in Category 6, 6A and 7A

reduce the DC resistance, and thus the power lost (lost
in the form of generated heat) within the cable itself.

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Common Issues – Power Source Equipment (PSE)

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 Common Issues – SIGNAL INTERFERENCE

To determine the Ethernet Performance of a passive link (up to 10 Gb/s)

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How Shall We Test? – DC RESISTANCE

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How Shall We Test? – DC RESISTANCE

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How Shall We Test? – SNR

This function allows for Multi-Gigabit link

validation and PoE characterization.

It will confirm the suitability of a cabling link to

support 2.5Gbps, 5Gbps, and 10Gbps data rates,
and validate PoE performances up to the highest
power level specifications of 90W.

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 How Shall We Test? – LOAD TEST

External load tests help to qualify link

speeds of 2.5Gbps/5Gbps/10Gbps
when there is a loaded PoE.

Qualified PoE loads i.e. POE load

boxes supplied by AEM that draw
constant power can be connected to
the banana sockets to monitor the
Signal SNR in the presence of loaded
POE.

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 How Shall We Test? – LOAD TESTING

TestPro provides an option to connect to

a preferred external load for continuous
loading of PSE.

Connect the external load to the TestPro

PoE positive (+) and negative (-)
ports and select [ External].

Monitor the voltage, current and

power levels of the PoE.
For easy reference, the SNR and Rx
power per pair will also be displayed .

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 PoE Load Testing with Various Cables

2m Patch Cord 100m Compliant Cat6a Channel 100m Compliant Cat5e Channel 100m Non-Compliant Cat5e Channel

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MultiGigabit AutoTest with PoE Load Test

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Voltage & DC Measurement for Hybrid Fiber

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 Thank You
AEM-Test.com
Dixon.tan@aem-test.com