Selection 6th 5 in 1 EM Term - 1

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6
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a 5 in 1
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ANBU NILAYAM
MADURAI - 625001
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SELECTION 6 CONTENT 2 TERM - I 5 in 1
CONTENT
jÄœ
t.v© ïaš ghl¤jiy¥òfŸ g¡f
Dika
v©
kd¥ghl¥gFâ * 4
SIXTH STANDARD 1. jÄœ¤nj‹ 1.1 ï‹g¤jÄœ *

1.2 jÄœ¡F«Ä
1.3 ts®jÄœ
6
11
15
6 1.4 fdî gÈ¤jJ

1.5 jÄœ vG¤J¡fË‹
tif bjhif
20
23
Alv
1.6 bkhÊia MŸnth« 25
TERM - I
1.7 bkhÊnahL ÉisahL 29
1.8 f£Liu, foj« 31
2. ïa‰if 2.1 áy¥gâfhu« * 33
ï‹g« 2.2 fhÂÃy« * 37
a
TAMIL 2.3 áw»‹ Xir
2.4 »HtD« flY«
41
45
ENGLISH 2.5 KjbyG¤J« rh®bgG¤J« 48
.Kk
2.6 bkhÊia MŸnth« 49
MATHS
2.8 âU¡FwŸ * 54
3. m¿Éaš, 3.1 m¿Éaš M¤âNo 57
SCIENCE bjhÊšE£g« 3.2 m¿Éayhš MŸnth« 60
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SOCIAL SCIENCE
I 5 in 1
3.3 fÂaÅ‹ e©g‹
3.4 xË ãwªjJ
3.5 bkhÊ Kjš, ïWâ vG¤JfŸ
3.6 bkhÊia MŸnth«
64
67
69
71
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3.8 f£Liu, foj« 77
94430 43338
)
94430 46662 ENGLISH
)
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Publishers: SI.No. UNIT TOPIC PAGE NO

ANBU NILAYAM 1. Prose
Memoriter *
Sea Turtles
80
81
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15, PUDHUMANDAPAM MADURAI - 625001.

Poem The Crocodile 94
Email id : selectionpublisher@gmail.com
Supplementary Owlie 97
2. Prose When the Trees Walked 102
PRICE 160.00 Poem * Trees 118
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Supplementary The Apple Tree and

the Farmer 121
3. Prose The Visitor from 128
Distant Lands
Poem I Dream of Spices 138
Supplementary Spices of India 142
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SELECTION 6 CONTENT 3 TERM - I 5 in 1
CONTENT
MATHS
SI.No. TOPIC PAGE NO
Dika
1. NUMBERS 151
2. INTRODUCTION TO ALGEBRA 190
3. RATIO AND PROPORTION 206
4. GEOMETRY 232
5. STATISTICS 251
6. INFORMATION PROCESSING 269
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SCIENCE
UNIT TOPIC PAGE NO
PHYSICS
a
1. Measurements 280
2. Force and Motion 292
CHEMISTRY
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3. Matters Around Us 304
BIOLOGY
4. The Living World of Plants 318
5. Living World of Animals 327
wI 6. Health and Hygiene
COMPUTER SCIENCE
335
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7. Computer - An Introduction 345
SOCIAL SCIENCE
SI.No. TOPIC PAGE NO
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History
1. What is History ? 348
2. Human Evolution 356
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3. Indus Civilisation 363

4. Ancient Cities of Tamilagam 374
Geography
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1. The Universe and Solar System 385

2. Land and Oceans 392
Civics
1. Understanding Diversity 403
2. Achieving Equality 411
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SELECTION 6 TAMIL 4 TERM - I 5 in 1 SELECTION 6 TAMIL 5 TERM - I 5 in 1
fhÂ Ãy«
Dika
6 TAMIL
fhÂ Ãy« nt©L« - guhr¡â
fhÂ Ãy« nt©L« - m§F¤
öÂš mH»ajhŒ - e‹khl§fŸ
TERM - I
JŒa Ãw¤âdjhŒ - mªj¡
fhÂ Ãy¤âilna - X® khËif
f£o¤ junt©L« - m§F¡
5 in 1 nfÂ mU»Åny - bj‹idku«
Alv
Ñ‰W« ïsÚU«
g¤J¥ g‹Åu©L - bj‹idku«
6. TAMIL g¡f¤âny ntQ«
- ghuâah®
kd¥ghl¥gFâ
a
KjšgUt«
.Kk
ï‹g¤jÄœ
âU¡FwŸ
jÄG¡F« mKbj‹W ng® ! - mªj¤
jÄœ ï‹g¤ jÄœv§fŸ cÆU¡F ne® !
jÄG¡F Ãybt‹W ng® ! - ï‹g¤ 1. bfL¥göc« bf£lh®¡F¢ rh®thŒk‰W M§nf
w
jÄœ v§fŸ r_f¤â‹ Éisî¡F Ú® !
I
jÄG¡F kzbk‹W ng® ! - ï‹g¤
jÄœ v§fŸ thœî¡F ÃUÄ¤j C® !
vL¥göc« všyh« kiH
wV
- ghuâjhr‹ 2. <‹w bghGâ‹ bgÇJt¡F« j‹kfid¢
rh‹nwh‹ vd¡nf£l jhŒ
áy¥gâfhu«
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3. m‹ãyh® všyh« jk¡FÇa® m‹òilah®

â§fis¥ ngh‰WJ« â§fis¥ ngh‰WJ«
v‹ò« cÇa® ãw®¡F
bfh§F my®jh®¢ br‹Å FË® bt©Fil ngh‹Wï›
m§f© cyF mË¤j yh‹
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4. ïÅa csthf ï‹dhj Twš

PhÆW ngh‰WJ« PhÆW ngh‰WJ«
fÅÆU¥g¡ fhŒft®ª j‰W
fhÉÇ ehl‹ â»Çnghš bgh‰nfh£L
nkU ty« âÇjyh‹
psK
- âUtŸSt®
khkiH ngh‰WJ« khkiH ngh‰WJ«
ehk Ú® ntÈ cy»‰F mt‹ mËnghš
nkšÃ‹W jh‹ Ru¤jyh‹
- ïs§nfhtofŸ
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3. Ãyî + v‹W v‹gjid¢ nr®¤J vGj¡ »il¡F«
brhš .............
m) Ãyba‹W M) Ãybt‹W
ï) Ãyt‹W <) Ãyîv‹W
Éil : M) Ãybt‹W
Dika
4. jÄœ + v§fŸ v‹gjid¢ nr®¤J vGj¡ »il¡F«
6 TAMIL brhš ..........

m) jÄH§fŸ
ï) jÄG§fŸ
M) jÄbH§fŸ
<) jÄœv§fŸ
TERM - I Éil : M) jÄbH§fŸ

5. "mKbj‹W" v‹D« brhšiy¥ ãÇ¤J vGj¡
»il¥gJ
5 in 1
Alv
m) mKJ + bj‹W M) mKJ + v‹W
ï) mKJ + x‹W <) mK + bj‹W
ïaš Éil:M) mKJ+v‹W
1. jÄœ¤nj‹ 6. "br«gÆ®" v‹D« brhšiy¥ ãÇ¤J vGj¡
x‹W »il¥gJ
a
fÉij¥ngiH m) br«ik + gÆ® M) br« + gÆ®
ïaš ï) brik + gÆ® <) br«ò + gÆ®
1.1. ï‹g¤jÄœ Éil:m) br«ik + gÆ®
.Kk
x‹W
kdtiugl« ï‹g¤jÄœ - ghlÈ‹fU¤J¡F V‰wgo bghU¤Jf
ghš 1) Éisî¡F - ghš
th‹ ntš 2) m¿î¡F - ntš
mKj«
w
nj‹ 3) ïsik¡F - Ú®
cÆ®
jÄœ
I
njhŸ 4) òyt®¡F - njhŸ
Ãyî
wV
thŸ
kz« Ú®
ÉilfŸ :
C®
1) Éisî¡F - Ú®
2) m¿î¡F - njhŸ
wL
kâ¥ÕL
3) ïsik¡F - ghš
rÇahd Éilia¤ nj®ªbjL¤J vGJf. 4) òyt®¡F - ntš
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1. V‰w¤ jhœt‰w .......... mika nt©L«.

m) r_f« M) ehL ï) åL <) bjU x¤j XirÆš Koí« (ïiaò) brh‰fis vL¤J
Éil : m) r_f« vGJf.
2. ehŸ KGtJ« ntiy brŒJ fis¤jt®¡F ............ (v.fh.) ng® - ne®
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Mf ïU¡F« Éil :
m) k»œ¢á M) nfhg« ï) tU¤j« <) mrâ 1. ng® - Ú® 4. th‹ - nj‹
Éil : <) mrâ 2. ng® - C® 5. njhŸ - thŸ
3. ghš - ntš
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FWÉdh 4. mrâÆ‹ k‰bwhU bga®
1. ghuâjhr‹ jÄG¡F¢ N£oíŸs bga®fŸ ahit? m) nrh®î M) RWRW¥ò ï) ï‹g« <) ïsik
ghuâjhr‹ jÄG¡F¢ N£oíŸs bga®fŸ : Éil : m) nrh®î
mKJ, Ãyî, kz«
ghuâjhr‹ F¿¥ò jUf
Dika
2. Ú§fŸ jÄiH vjndhL x¥ãLå®fŸ? MáÇa® F¿¥ò :
eh§fŸ jÄiH "cÆnuhL" x¥ãLnth«. bga® : ghuâjhr‹
ïa‰bga® : fdf R¥òu¤âd«
V. áWÉdh bga® kh‰w¡ fhuz« : ghuâahÇ‹ fÉijfË‹ ÛJŸs
1. ï‹g¤jÄœ - ghlÈš c§fS¡F¥ ão¤j mofŸ g‰W
ïu©lid vGJf. ãwªj C® : òJ¢nrÇ
jÄœ v§fŸ ca®î¡Fth‹ ! - ï‹g¤ jªij : fdfrig
Alv
jÄœ v§fŸ mrâ¡F¢ Rl®jªj nj‹ ! jhah® : ïy¡FÄ m«ikah®
JizÉah® : gHÅ m«ikah®
2. Éisî¡F« ÚU¡F« cŸs bjhl®ò ahJ? ãŸisfŸ : eh‹F
« Éis¢rY¡F Ú® mo¥gilahdJ. áw¥ò¥bga® : òu£á¡fÉ, ghntªj®.
« mJ nghynt gÆ® vD« jÄœ r_f ts®¢á¡F, Ú® vD« gjÉ : MáÇa®
a
jÄœ mo¥gilahdJ. ïa‰¿a fÉijfŸ : bg©fšÉ, if« bg© âUkz«,
bghJîilik, gF¤j¿î
áªjid Édh: ïa‰¿a üšfŸ : gh©oa‹ gÇR, FL«g És¡F, ïU©l
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1. ntš v‹gJ X® Míj«. jÄœ V‹ ntYl‹ x¥ãl¥ åL,mH»‹ áÇ¥ò
gL»wJ? ïa‰¿a ghlš : ï‹g¤ jÄœ
« ntÈ‹ EÅ¥gFâ T®ikahfî«, eL¥gFâ mf‹W«, fhy« : 29.04.1891 Kjš 21.04.1964
Ñœ¥gFâ Ú©L ïU¡F«.
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« mjid¥nghynt jÄG« E£gkhd m¿ití«, guªj f‰git f‰wã‹
áªjidiaí«, Mœªj¡ fU¤Jfisí« bfh©lJ.
I
1. ï‹g¤jÄœ v‹w ghliy ïÅa Xiríl‹ ghLf
« ntÈ‹ T®ikahd KidiaÉl ešy òfœ ÄFªj jÄG¡F« mKbj‹W ng® ! - mªj¤
wV
òytÇ‹ fU¤J¡fŸ Äf T®ikahdJ. m¤jifa jÄœ ï‹g¤ jÄœv§fŸ cÆU¡F ne® !
fU¤J¡fS¡F tÈik jUtJ jÄœ MF«. jÄG¡F Ãybt‹W ng® ! - ï‹g¤
« Mifahš jÄœ ntYl‹ x¥ãl¥gL»wJ. jÄœ v§fŸ r_f¤â‹ Éisî¡F Ú® !
jÄG¡F kzbk‹W ng® ! - ï‹g¤
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TLjš Édh¡fŸ - ÉilfŸ jÄœ v§fŸ thœî¡F ÃUÄ¤j C® !
jÄœ v§fŸ ïsik¡F¥ ghš ! - ï‹g¤
rÇahd Éilia¤ nj®ªbjL¤J vGJf. jÄœ ešy òfœÄ¡f òyt®¡F ntš !
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1. ÃUÄ¤j v‹D« brhšÈ‹ bghUŸ jÄœ v§fŸ ca®î¡F th‹ ! - ï‹g¤

m) r_f« M) k¡fŸ FG jÄœ v§fŸ mrâ¡F¢ Rl®jªj nj‹ !
ï) cUth¡»a <) Éis¢rš
jÄœ v§fŸ m¿î¡F¤ njhŸ ! - ï‹g¤
Éil : ï) cUth¡»a
jÄœ v§fŸ fÉij¡F tÆu¤â‹ thŸ !
2. r_f« v‹D« brhšÈ‹ bghUŸ
psK
- ghuâjhr‹
m) ehL M) k¡fŸFG ï) bjU <) Éisî
Éil :M) k¡fŸFG
3. Éisî v‹D« brhšÈ‹ bghUŸ
m) ïsik M) cUth¡»a ï) Éis¢rš <) nrh®î
Éil :ï) Éis¢rš
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2. jÄiH mKJ, Ãyî, kz« v‹W bgaÇ£L miH¥gJ fÉij¥ngiH
g‰¿ tF¥giwÆš fyªJiuahLf. ïaš
jÄœbršÉ - mKJ v‹w njthÄ®j« njt®fS¡F 1.2. jÄœ¡F«Ä
k£Lnk gil¡f¥g£lJ. mJ mÊah tu¤ij ju¡ToaJ. x‹W
mij¤ njt®fŸ j« cÆuhf¡ fU»‹wd®. mij¥nghynt kdtiugl«
Dika
jÄH®fË‹ thœî¡F«, ca®î¡F« fhuzkhf És§FtJ üš gy v£L¤âirÆY«
jÄnH MF«. vdnt jÄG¡F mKJ vd bgaiu N£odhš bfh©lJ guÉl¢ brŒjš
bghU¤jkhfnt ïU¡F«. fhy« flªJ
gh®¤âg‹ - ïuÉš FË®¢áia C£L« Ãyit fhQ« Ãiy¤J Ã‰F« bghŒia
nghJ V‰gL« ï‹g¤â‰F <L ïizÆšiy. mJ nghy jÄœbkhÊ mf‰W«
jÄiH gh®¡F« nghJ V‰gL« ï‹g¤â‰F <L
thHtÊ
ïizÆšiy. m¿ahikia
fh£L«
Alv
brÊa‹ - kyiu KfU« K‹ng mâÈUªJ åR« kz« e« mf‰W«
ehá tÊna br‹W e« njf¤ij òšyÇ¡f it¡»wJ. mJ c©ikia¡ ï‹g«
nghynt jÄÊ‹ xÈ e« brÉ tÊna br‹W e« njf¤ij TW« jU«
òšyÇ¡f it¡»‹wJ.
a
3. jÄG¡F Ú§fŸ N£l ÉU«ò« bga®fis¥
g£oaÈLf. kâ¥ÕL
cÆ®¤jÄœ, ïÅik¤jÄœ, brªjÄœ, nj‹jÄœ, rÇahd Éilia¤ nj®ªbjL¤J vGJf.
.Kk
ï‹g¤jÄœ, igªjÄœ, ts®jÄœ, K¤jÄœ 1. jhŒ bkhÊÆš go¤jhš ..................... milayh«.
m) g‹ik M) nk‹ik ï) bghWik <) áWik
4. jÄœ¡ fÉijfŸ, ghlšfis¥ go¤J k»œf. Éil : M) nk‹ik
(v.fh) jÄnH cÆnu tz¡f« 2. jftš bjhl®ò K‹nd‰w¤jhš .................
RU§»É£lJ.
w
jhŒãŸis cwt«kh, cd¡F« vd¡F«
mÄœnj Ú ïšiy v‹whš m) nkâÅ M) Ãyh
I
m¤jidí« thœÉš fr¡F« òË¡F« ï) thd« <) fh‰W Éil : m) nkâÅ
3. brªjÄœ v‹D« brhšiy¥ ãÇ¤J vGj¡ »il¥gJ
wV
jÄnH c‹id Ãid¡F«
jÄH‹ v‹ beŠr« ïÅ¡F« ïÅ¡F«. ............
- fhá Mdªj‹ m) brª + jÄœ M) br« + jÄœ
ï) br‹ik + jÄœ <) br«ik + jÄœ
Éil : <) br«ik+jÄœ
wL
4. "bghŒaf‰W«" v‹D« brhšiy¥ ãÇ¤J vGj¡
»il¥gJ .....
m) bghŒ + mf‰W« M) bghŒ + f‰W«
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ï) bghŒa + f‰W« <) bghŒ + af‰W«

Éil : m) bghŒ + mf‰W«
5. gh£L + ïU¡F« v‹gij¢ nr®¤J vGj¡ »il¡F«
brhš ...............
psK
m) gh£oU¡F« M) gh£LU¡F«
ï) ghoU¡F« <) ghoÆU¡F«
Éil : m) gh£oU¡F«
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6. v£L + âir v‹gjid¢ nr®¤J vGj¡ »il¡F« áWÉdh
brhš. 1. fhy btŸs¤ij vâ®¤J Ã‰F« bkhÊ jÄœ v‹W
m) v£L¤âir M) v£oâir fÉP® TWtj‹ fhuz« v‹d?
ï) v£Lâir <) v£oïir jÄœ bkhÊ fhybtŸs¤ij vâ®¤J Ã‰f fhuz« :
Éil : m) v£L¤âir « gy üW M©Lfis¡ f©lJ.
Dika
« m¿î C‰wh»a üšfŸ gyt‰iw¡ bfh©lJ.
ea« cz®ªJ vGJf.
1. ghlš mofËš Kjš vG¤J x‹Wnghš tU« (nkhid) 2. jÄœ¡ F«Ä ghlÈ‹ tÊ Ú§fŸ m¿ªJ bfh©lt‰iw
brh‰fis vL¤J vGJf. c« brhªj eilÆš jUf.
Éil : jÄœ¡ F«Ä ghlÈ‹ tÊ eh§fŸ m¿ªJ bfh©lit:
1. bfh£L§Fo - nfhijanu « brªjÄÊ‹ òfœ v£L¤ âirfËY« gutnt©L«.
2. v£L - v£olnt « gy üW M©Lfis¡ f©lJ.
Alv
3. CÊ - C‰bwD« « m¿îC‰wh»a üšfŸ gyt‰iw¡ bfh©lJ.
4. MÊ - mÊahkny « flš Ó‰w§fŸ, fhy kh‰w§fshš mÊahkš
Ãiy¤âU¡F«.
2. ghlš mofËš ïu©lh« vG¤J x‹Wnghš tU« « bghŒia mf‰W«.
(vJif) brh‰fis vL¤J vGJf. « kd¤â‹ m¿ahikia Ú¡F«.
a
Éil : « m‹òila gyÇ‹ ï‹g« jU« ghlšfŸ ÃiwªâU¡F«.
1. bfh£L§Fo - v£L « cÆ® ngh‹w c©ikia C£L«.
2. v£L¤âir - v£olnt « ca®ªj mw¤ij¤ jU«.
.Kk
3. CÊ - MÊ « cyf« áwªJ thœtj‰fhd tÊfis fh£L«.
4. bghŒ - bkŒ
áªjid Édh
3. ghlš mofËš ïWâ vG¤J x‹Wnghš tU« (ïiaò) 1. jÄœbkhÊ m¿ahikia v›thWmf‰W«?
brh‰fis vL¤J vGJf.
w
jÄœbkhÊ m¿î C‰wh»a üšfŸ gyt‰iw¡
Éil : bfh©lJ. mit bghŒia mf‰¿, c©ikia C£o
I
1. f©lJth« - bfh©lJth« m¿ahikia mf‰W«.
wV
2. gh£oU¡F« - fh£oU¡F«
TLjš Édh¡fŸ - ÉilfŸ
FWÉdh rÇahd Éilia¤ nj®ªbjL¤J vGJf.
1. jÄœ bkhÊÆ‹ brašfshf¡ fÉP® TWtd ahit? 1. MÊ¥bgU¡F v‹D« brhšÈ‹ bghUŸ
wL
jÄœ bkhÊÆ‹ brašfŸ: m) flšnfhŸ M) cyf« ï) nkâÅ <) CÊ
1. bghŒia mf‰W«. Éil : m) flšnfhŸ
2. kd¤â‹ m¿ahikia Ú¡F«. 2. Ú©lbjhU fhy¥gFâ v‹D« brhšÈ‹ bghUŸ
3. m‹òila gyÇ‹ ï‹g« jU« ghlšfŸ
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m) nkâÅ M) cyf« ï) CÊ <) flšnfhŸ

ÃiwªâU¡F«. Éil : ï) CÊ
4. cÆ® ngh‹w c©ikia C£L«.
5. ca®ªj mw¤ij¤ jU«. nfho£l ïl¤ij Ãu¥òf.
6. cyf« áwªJ thœtj‰fhd tÊfis fh£L«.
psK
1. nkâÅÆ‹ k‰bwhUbga® ........... Éil : cyf«

2. cŸs¥ó£L v‹D« brhšÈ‹ bga®.................
2. brªjÄÊ‹ òfœ v§bfšyh« gut nt©L« v‹W Éil : cŸs¤â‹ m¿ahik
fÉP® TW»wh®? 3. fÅ¢rhW v‹D« üÈš ïl« bg‰WŸs ghlš..................
brªjÄÊ‹ òfœ v£L¤âirfËY« gut nt©L« v‹W Éil : jÄœ¡F«Ä
fÉP® TW»wh®.
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FWÉdh 2. ã‹tU« fÉij mofis¥ go¤J k»œf.
1. F«Ä v‹whš v‹d ? th‹njh‹¿ tË njh‹¿ beU¥ò¤ njh‹¿
bg©fŸ gy® t£lkhf¡ To Ã‹W ïir¡F V‰wthW k© njh‹¿ kiH njh‹¿ kiyfŸ njh‹¿
iffis¤ j£oí«, cliy mir¤J« MLtnj F«Ä
vd¥gL«. C‹ njh‹¿ cÆ® njh‹¿ cz®î njh‹¿
Dika
xË njh‹¿ xÈ njh‹¿ thœªj mªehŸ
bgUŠá¤âudh® F¿¥ò jUf : nj‹ njh‹¿aJ nghy k¡fŸ ehÉš
MáÇa® F¿¥ò : brªjÄnH! Ú njh‹¿ ts®ªjhŒ ! thÊ !
bga® : bgUŠá¤âudh® - thÂjhr‹
áw¥ò¥bga® : ghtynuW
ïa‰bga® : khÂ¡f« ciueil cyf«
jªij : JiurhÄ ïaš
1.3. ts®jÄœ
Alv
jhŒ : FŠr«khŸ m«ikah®
ãwªj C® : nry« kht£l¤âYŸs rK¤âu« x‹W
kidÉ : jhkiu m«ikah® kdtiugl«
ïa‰¿a üšfŸ : fÅ¢rhW, bfhŒah¡fÅ,
ghÉa¡bfh¤J, üwháÇa« vËa bkhÊ
a
el¤âa ïjœfŸ : bj‹bkhÊ, jÄœ¢á£L, jÄœÃy«
ïa‰¿a ghlš : jÄœ¡F«Ä _¤j bkhÊ Ó®ik bkhÊ
fhy« : 10.3.1933 - 11.6.1995
.Kk
ts®jÄœ
f‰git f‰wã‹
òJik bkhÊ tsik bkhÊ
1. jÄœ¡F«Ä ghliy ïirnahL gho k»œf.
bfh£L§fo F«Ä bfh£L§fo, ïs§
w
nfhijanu F«Ä bfh£L§fo - Ãy« ts® bkhÊ
I
v£L¤ âirÆY« brªjÄÊ‹ òfœ
v£olnt F«Ä bfh£L§fo !
wV
CÊ gyüW f©lJth«, m¿î kâ¥ÕL
C‰bwD« üšgy bfh©lJth« - bgU«
MÊ¥ bgU¡»‰F« fhy¤â‰F« K‰W« rÇahd Éilia¤ nj®ªbjL¤J vGJf.
wL
mÊahkny Ãiy Ã‹wJth« ! 1. ‘bjh‹ik’ v‹D« brhšÈ‹ bghUŸ ...............
bghŒ mf‰W« cŸs¥ ó£lW¡F« - m‹ò m) òJik M) gHik
ó©ltÇ‹ ï‹g¥ gh£oU¡F«- cÆ® ï) bgUik <) Ó®ik Éil : M) gHik
2. ‘ïl¥òw«’ v‹D« brhšiy¥ ãÇ¤J vGj¡ »il¥gJ
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bkŒòf£L«, mwnk‹ik »£L« ïªj

nkâÅ thœtÊ fh£oU¡F« ! ............
- bgUŠá¤âudh® m) ïl‹ + òw« M) ïil + òw«
ï) ïl« + òw« <) ïl¥ + òw«
Éil : ï) ïl« + òw«
psK
3. ‘ÓÇsik’ v‹D« brhšiy¥ ãÇ¤J vGj¡ »il¥gJ

....... .......
m) Ó® + ïsik M) Ó®ik + ïsik
ï) ÓÇ + ïsik <) Ó‰ + ïsik
Éil : M) Ó®ik + ïsik
L l
A da
4. áy«ò + mâfhu« v‹gjid¢ nr®¤J vGj¡ áWÉdh:

»il¡F« brhš .......... 1. m~¿iz, ghf‰fhŒ M»a brh‰fË‹ bghUŸ áw¥ò
m) áy«gâfhu« M) áy¥gâfhu« ahJ?
ï) áy«òâfhu« <) áy gâfhu« « ca®âizÆ‹ vâ®¢brhš jhœâiz. mjid¤
jhœâiz v‹W Twhkš m~¿iz v‹W bga® ï£ld® e«
Dika
Éil : M) áy¥gâfhu«
5. fÂÅ + jÄœ v‹gjid¢ nr®¤J vGj¡ »il¡F« K‹ndh®.
brhš ......... « m~¿iz (mš + âiz = ca®î mšyhj âiz)
m) fÂÅjÄœ M) fÂÅ¤jÄœ « ghf‰fhŒ fr¥ò¢ Rit cilaJ. mjid¡ fr¥ò¡fhŒ
ï) fÂÂjÄœ <) fÅÅjÄœ v‹W Twhkš ïÅ¥ò mšyhj fhŒ vd tH§»d®.
Éil : M) fÂÅ¤jÄœ « ghf‰fhŒ ( ghF + mš + fhŒ)
6. “jÄœbkhÊ nghš ïÅjhtJ v§F« fhnzh«” v‹W
ghoat® ............. 2. jÄœ ïÅa bkhÊ v‹gj‰fhd fhuz« jUf.
Alv
m) f©zjhr‹ M) ghuâah® jÄœ ïÅa bkhÊ v‹gj‰fhd fhuz« :
ï) ghuâjhr‹ <) thÂjhr‹ Éil : M) ghuâah® « jÄœ ïy¡»a§fŸ ïÅikahdit.
7. ‘ kh’ v‹D« brhšÈ‹ bghUŸ ............ « mit Xir ïÅik, brhš ïÅik, bghUŸ ïÅik
m) khl« M) thd« bfh©lit.
ï) Éy§F <) m«kh Éil : ï) Éy§F
a
3. jÄœ bkhÊÆ‹ áw¥ig¡ F¿¤J IªJ tÇfËš
nfho£l ïl¤ij Ãu¥òf. vGJf.
1. eh« áªâ¡fî« áªâ¤jij btË¥gL¤jî« cjîtJ ......... jÄœ bkhÊÆ‹ áw¥ò :
.Kk
Éil : bkhÊ 1. jÄœbkhÊ áw¥òÄ¡f br«bkhÊahF«.
2. jÄÊš ek¡F¡ »il¤JŸs Äf¥ gHikahd ïy¡fz 2. jÄœbkhÊ Xir ïÅik, brhš ïÅik, bghUŸ
üš .............. Éil : bjhš fh¥ãa« ïÅik bfh©lit.
3. bkhÊia¡ fÂÅÆš ga‹gL¤j nt©L« vÅš mJ 3. jÄœbkhÊ ngrî«, vGjî«, go¡fî« cfªj
w
............. mo¥gilÆš totik¡f¥gl nt©L«. bkhÊahF«.
Éil : v©fË‹ 4. jÄG¡F K¤jÄœ v‹D« áw¥ò bgaU« c©L.
I 5. jÄœ tÇtot vG¤J¡fŸ m¿Éaš bjhÊš E£g

wV
brh‰fis¤ brhªj¤ bjhlÇš mik¤J vGJf. neh¡»š ga‹gL¤j¤j¡fitahf cŸsd.
1. jÅ¢áw¥ò ..............................................................
Éil : jÄœ ïy¡»a§fŸ jÅ¢áw¥ò Ä¡fit. áªjid Édh :
2. ehŸnjhW« ............................................................... 1. jÄœ bkhÊ go¡fî«, vGjî« vËaJ v‹gJ g‰¿
wL
Éil : âU¡Fwis ehŸnjhW« go¡f nt©L«. c§fŸ fU¤J ahJ?
« cÆ® vG¤J¡fŸ, bkŒ vG¤J¡fŸ M»at‰¿‹ xÈ¥ò
FWÉdh : Kiwfis m¿ªJbfh©lhš cÆ®bkŒ vG¤J¡fis
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1. jÄœ _¤jbkhÊ vd¥gLtJ vjdhš? vËjhf xÈ¡fyh«. vG¤J¡fis¡ T£o xÈ¤jhny jÄœ
« bjhšfh¥ãa¤â‰F K‹djhfnt jÄÊš ïy¡»a bkhÊ go¡f vËaJ. (v.fh) m + K + J = mKJ
üšfŸ ïUªJŸsd. « jÄœ vG¤J¡fŸ bgU«ghY« tyŠRÊ vG¤Jfshfnt
« ïjid¡ bfh©L jÄœ _¤j bkhÊ v‹gij czuyh«. mikªJŸsjhš jÄœbkhÊ vGj vËaJ.
psK
« (v.fh)tyŠRÊ vG¤J¡fŸ - m, v, xs, z, P

2. Ú§fŸ m¿ªj jÄœ¡ fh¥ãa§fË‹ bga®fis ïlŠRÊ vG¤J¡fŸ - l, a, H
vGJf?
« áy¥gâfhu«, kÂnkfiy, Ótf áªjhkÂ, tisahgâ,
F©lynfá.
6th I 5 in 1 E.M - 2
L l
A da
2. jÄœ bkhÊ ts®bkhÊ v‹gij cz®»Ö®fsh? f‰git f‰wã‹
fhuz« jUf.
jÄœbkhÊ ts®bkhÊ vd czu fhuz« : 1. kh‰w§fS¡F V‰g¤ j‹id¥ òJ¥ã¤J¡ bfhŸS«
1. jÄÊš fhyªnjhW« gy tifahd ïy¡»a tot§fŸ bkhÊ jÄœ v‹gJ g‰¿¡ fyªJiuahLf.
òâJ òâjhf cUth» tU»‹wd. bršÉ - jÄœ j‰nghJ m¿Éaš jÄœ, fÂÅ¤jÄœ v‹W
Dika
2. jÄœ j‰nghJ m¿Éaš jÄœ, fÂÅ¤jÄœ v‹W nkY« nkY« ts®ªJ bfh©nl tU»wJ.
nkY« nkY« ts®ªJ bfh©nl tU»wJ. ky®ÉÊ - ï‹iwa m¿Éaš, bjhÊš E£g ts®¢á¡F V‰g
3. ï‹iwa m¿Éaš, bjhÊšE£g ts®¢á¡F V‰g jÄÊš òâa òâa fiy¢brh‰fŸ cUth» tU»‹wd.
jÄÊš òâa òâa fiy¢ brh‰fŸ cUth» tU»‹wd. gÅky® - jÄœ tÇtot vG¤J¡fŸ m¿Éaš bjhÊš E£g
4. jÄœ tÇtot vG¤J¡fŸ m¿Éaš bjhÊš E£g neh¡»š ga‹gL¤j¤j¡fitahf cŸsd.
neh¡»š ga‹gL¤j¤j¡fitahf cŸsd. É¤ah - bjhšfh¥ãa«, e‹}š fÂÅ bkhÊ¡F« V‰w
5. jÄœbkhÊ fÂÅ, ïiza« ngh‹wt‰¿š E£gkhd tot¤ij bg‰WŸsd.
Alv
ga‹gl¤j¡f tifÆš âfœ»wJ.
2. jÄœ ngr¤bjÇahj FL«g¤âd® c§fŸ g¡f¤J å£oš
TLjš Édh¡fŸ - ÉilfŸ cŸsd®. mt®fS¡F Ú§fŸ f‰W¤ ju ÉU«ò« g¤J¤
rÇahd Éilia¤ nj®ªbjL¤J vGJf. jÄœ¢ brh‰fis¥ g£oaÈLf.
a
1. jÄœ bkhÊ nghš ïÅjhtJ v§F« fhnzh« v‹W eh‹ f‰W¤ ju ÉU«ò« g¤J¤ jÄœ brh‰fŸ:
ghoat®. 1. tz¡f« 2. th§f, th§f 3. cŸns thU§fŸ
m) ghuâah® M) ghuâjhr‹ 4. mkU§fŸ 5. Ú® mUªJ§fŸ 6. å£oš midtU« eykh?
.Kk
ï) bgUŠá¤âudh® <) nr¡»Hh® 7. Ú§fŸ eykh? 8. ey« 9. e‹¿ 10. Û©L« tUf
Éil : m) ghuâah®
2. Ó®ik v‹gj‹ bghUŸ 3. thœ¤J¡fis¤ jÄÊš TWnth«.
m) xG§FKiw M) ïÅik ïÅa ãwªjehŸ thœ¤J
ï) cŸs« <) nk‹ik Ú©l Ú©l fhy« - Ú, ÚL thH nt©L« !
w
thd« Ô©L« öu« - Ú, ts®ªJ thH nt©L« !
Éil : m) xG§FKiw m‹ò nt©L« ! m¿î nt©L« ! g©ò nt©L« ! gÇî nt©L« !
I
3. ciueil tot§fSŸ x‹W v£L¤â¡F« òfH nt©L«, vL¤J¡fh£L Mf nt©L«!
m) JË¥gh M) f£Liu ï) fÉij <) brŒíŸ cyf« gh®¡f cdJ bgaiu, Ãyî¤ jhËš vGjnt©L«
wV Éil : M) f£Liu r®¡fiu¤ jÄœ mŸË, jhyh£L ehŸ brhšÈ thœ¤J»nwh«!
ãwªjehŸ thœ¤JfŸ ! ãwªjehŸ thœ¤JfŸ !
ïÅa ãwªjehŸ thœ¤JfŸ !
áWÉdh. - m¿îkâ
1 Kjš 10 tiuíŸs muò v©fis jÄœ v©fshf
wL
ïÅa bgh§fš âUehŸ ešthœ¤J¡fŸ
kh‰Wf. â¤â¡F« jÄœ nghy
bgh§f£L« bgh§fyJ
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
òJ¥ghidÆš ï£l bgh§fš nghy
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âfH£L« njrkJ
âf£lhj fU«ò nghy
ïÅ¡f£L« kÅjÅ‹ kdJ
psK
beŒÆš tW¤j KªâÇ nghy

thr« bgUf£L« óÄba§F«
midtU¡F« ïÅa bgh§fš
ešthœ¤J¡fŸ
- nt.òÅj ntsh§f©Â
L l
A da
ÉÇthd« 8. bjhiyÉš cŸsJ mU»š njh‹W« v‹w m¿Éaš
ïaš m¿P® fäÈnah fU¤J âUtŸStkhiyÆš fãy® vGâa
1.4. fdî gÈ¤jJ foj« ghlÈš ïl« bg‰WŸsJ.
x‹W 9. rhjidahs®fË‹ thœ¡if Ãfœîfis m¿ªJ
kdtiugl« bfhŸs nt©L«. mj‰F ekJ C® üyf« cjÉahf
Dika
ïs« m¿Éaš rÔZjth‹ É©btË ïU¡F«.
MŒths® MŒî ÃWtd« 10. üš thá¥ò e« áªjid¡F ts« nr®¡F«. m¿Éaš
âut¥ bghUŸfis kd¥gh‹ik bgUF«.
mWit kU¤Jt« -
v›tsî gâ‰W¥g¤J,
mG¤âdhY« mt‰¿‹ e‰¿iz. TLjš Édh¡fŸ - ÉilfŸ
msit¢ RU¡f
KoahJ - xsit. ï‹RitÆ‹ nfho£l ïl§fis Ãu¥òf.
m¤ij
Alv
m¿Éaš m¿P® ï‹Rit 1. âUtŸStkhiy v‹D« üÈid vGâat® ................
Ãy«, Ú®, beU¥ò, fh‰W Éil : fãy®
jÄHhY« eWKif 2. jÄÊš gÆ‹w K‹dhŸ FoauR¤ jiyt® .....................
jÄHuhY« vªj¤ Mfha«
JiwÆY« IªJ« fyªjJ Éil : nkjF m¥Jšfyh«
ï›îyf« - 3. jÄÊš gÆ‹w ï°nuh m¿Éaš m¿P® ....................
a
rhâ¡f Koí«.
bjhšfh¥ãa«. Éil : kÆšrhÄ m©zhJiu
mWit kU¤Jt« - 4. jÄÊš gÆ‹w ï°nuhÉ‹ jiyt® .................. Éil : át‹
bjhiyÉš flšÚ® MÉah»
gâ‰W¥g¤J,
cŸs bghUË‹
.Kk
e‰¿iz. nkfkhF«
cUt¤ij mU»š nkf« FË®ªJ
njh‹w¢ brŒa kiHahf¥ bghÊí« f‰git f‰wã‹
Koí« - fãy® - fh® eh‰gJ
1. ï¡foj¤â‰F Ú§fŸ ÉU«ò« tifÆš ntbwhU
w
kâ¥ÕL jiy¥ãLf.
I
eh‹ ÉU«ò« jiy¥ò :
m¤ijÆ‹ foj¡ fU¤J¡fis¢ RU¡» vGJf. ‘b#Æ¡f Ãid ; b#Æ¤âL’
wV
1. jÄÊš go¤jhš rhâ¡f KoahJ v‹gJ jtwhd 2. c§fŸ vâ®fhy¡ fdî F¿¤J xU foj« vGJf.
v©z«. ïl« : njÅ
2. rhjid¡F bkhÊ xU jil ïšiy. ehŸ :
3. Ãy«, Ú®, beU¥ò, fh‰W, Mfha« fyªjJ ï›îyf« m‹òŸs rnfhjÇ¡F,
wL
v‹w m¿Éaš c©ikia bjhšfh¥ãa® bjhšfh¥ãa¤âš eh‹ ey«, Ú§fŸ eykh?
F¿¥ã£LŸsh®. eh‹ üyf¤âš jÄœbkhÊ go¤j rhjidahs®fË‹
4. flš Ú® MÉah» nkfkh» ã‹d® FË®ªJ kiHahf¥ thœ¡if Ãfœîfis m¿ªJ bfh©nl‹. mâÈUªJ ehD«
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bghÊí« v‹w m¿Éaš brŒâ gHªjÄœ ïy¡»a§fËš jÄœtÊÆš m¿Éaš gÆ‹W tU§fhy¤âš kU¤Jtuhf
F¿¥ãl¥g£LŸsJ. nt©L« v‹gJ vdJ F¿¡nfhŸ MF«.
5. âut¥ bghUŸfis v›tsî mG¤âdhY« mt‰¿‹
msit¢ RU¡f KoahJ v‹w m¿Éaš fU¤J xsitah® j§fŸ m‹ò¡FÇa
psK
ghlÈš Tw¥g£LŸsJ. m¿tH»

6. åu® xUtÇ‹ fha¤ij bt©Âw Cáahš ij¤j
brŒâ gâ‰W¥g¤âš ïl« bg‰WŸsJ.
7. RwhÛ‹ jh¡»ajhš V‰g£l ò©iz, eu«ãdhš
ij¤j brŒâ e‰¿izÆš fhz¥gL»wJ.
L l
A da
3. ï‹RitÆ‹ v©z« Ãiwntw¡ fhuz§fshf f‰f©L
Ú§fŸ vt‰iw¡ fUJ»Ö®fŸ? ïaš
ï‹RitÆ‹ v©z« Ãiwntw¡ fhuz§fŸ : 1.5. jÄœ vG¤JfË‹ tif
1. m¤ij ï‹RitÆ‹ C¡f¡ foj§fŸ _y« bjhif
Ia§fis Ô®¤J¡ bfh©lhŸ. x‹W
Dika
2. Mwh« tF¥ãnyna vâ®fhy ïy¡»id cUth¡»¡ kdtiugl«
bfh©lhŸ.
3. m¿Éaš áªjidfnshL És§»at®fŸ, jÄH®fŸ xU ïu©L
vdm¿ªJ bfh©lhŸ. kh¤âiu kh¤âiu bkšÈd«
4. jÄœ ïy¡»a§fËš cŸs m¿Éaš áªjidfis 6
m¤ijíl‹ g»®ªJ bfh©lhŸ.
5. rhjidahs®fË‹ thœ¡if Ãfœîfis üyf¤âš F¿š beoš tšÈd« ïilÆd«
Alv
m¿ªJ bfh©lhŸ. 5 7 6 6
6. üš thá¥ò _y« áªjid¡F ts« nr®¤J, m¿Éaš
kd¥gh‹ikia bg‰whŸ.
7. jÄHhY« rhâ¡f Koí« v‹W bjÇªJ bfh©lhŸ. bkŒbaG¤JfŸ
cÆbuG¤JfŸ
8. bjhl®ªJ Ka‰á brŒjhŸ.
a
12 18
4. fdî gÈ¤jJ v‹w jiy¥ò ï¡foj¤â‰F v›thW
jÄœ miu
bghUªJ»wJ v‹gjid És¡Ff.
.Kk
vG¤JfŸ kh¤âiu
1. ï‹Rit Mwh« tF¥ò gÆY« nghnj tU§fhy¤âš
247
m¿Éaš JiwÆš gÂah‰w nt©L« v‹w fdit j‹
m¤ij¡F foj« vGâdhŸ. cÆ®bkŒ MŒj vG¤J
2. m ¤ i j Æ ‹ t Ê f h £ L j j y h š m u R ¥ g Ÿ Ë Æ š 216 1
w
jÄœtÊÆš m¿Éaš m¿P® Mfyh« v‹w fdî Ãiw
nt¿aJ. beoš
I
F¿š miu
3. m ¤ i j Æ ‹ f o j ¥ g o m ¿ É a š á ª i j n a h L 126
90 kh¤âiu
wV
És§»at®fŸ jÄH®fŸ vd m¿ªJ bfh©lhŸ.
4. ü š f Ÿ g y g o ¤ J t ª j j h š ï ‹ R i t v © z «
Ãiwnt¿aJ. xU ïu©L
5. ï‹Rit bjhl®ªJ Ka‰á brŒJ tªjjhš rÔZjth‹ kh¤âiu kh¤âiu
wL
É©btË MŒî ÃWtd¤âšgÂÆš nru KoªjJ.
kâ¥ÕL
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bfhL¡f¥g£LŸs kh¤âiu msî¡nf‰g¢brh‰fis

vGJf.
1. cÆbuG¤âš bjhl§F«ïu©L kh¤âiu msîŸs brhš
psK
.................... Éil : mJ
2. ïu©L kh¤âiu msîŸs XbuG¤J¢ brhš .........
Éil : ó
3. MŒj vG¤J ïl«bgW« ïu©liu kh¤âiu msîŸs
brhš ....... Éil : v~F
L l
A da
FW Édh : 2. cÆ® vG¤JfŸ ahit ?
1. jÄœ ïy¡fz« v¤jid tif¥gL«? mit ahit? cÆ® vG¤JfŸ g‹Åu©L mit : m, M, ï, <, c, C, v,
jÄœ ïy¡fz« IªJ tif¥gL«. mit, V, I, x, X, xs
1. vG¤J ïy¡fz«
2. brhš ïy¡fz« 3. xU kh¤âiu v‹gJ ahJ?
Dika
3. bghUŸ ïy¡fz« xU kh¤âiu v‹gJ xU Kiw f© ïik¡fnth, xU
4. ah¥ò ïy¡fz« Kiw if beho¡fnth MF« fhy msthF«.
5. mÂ ïy¡fz«
4. F¿š vG¤ij xÈ¡F« fhy msî ahJ?
2. bkŒbaG¤J¡fis _tif ïd§fshf tif¥gL¤â F¿š vG¤JfŸ - m, ï, c, v, x
vGJf. ït‰iw xÈ¡F« fhy msî 1 kh¤âiu.
bkŒbaG¤J¡fË‹ _tif ïd§fŸ :
Alv
1. bkšÈd« : 5. beoš vG¤ij xÈ¡F« fhy msî ahJ?
v.fh : §, Š, ©, ª, «, ‹ beoš vG¤JfŸ - M, <, C, I, V, X, xs
2. ïilÆd« : ït‰iw xÈ¡F« fhy msî 2 kh¤âiu.
v.fh : Œ, ®, š, ›, œ, Ÿ
3. tšÈd« : f‰git f‰wã‹
a
v.fh : ¡, ¢, £, ¤, ¥, ‰
c§fŸ bga® k‰W« c§fŸ e©g®fsJ
3. jÄœ vG¤J¡fS¡FÇa kh¤âiu msîfis¡ bga®fS¡fhd kh¤âiu msit¡ f©Lão.
.Kk
F¿¥ãLf. (v.fh) fãy® - 1 + 1 + 1 + ½ = 3 ½
cÆ® vG¤J¡fËš F¿š - 1 kh¤âiu beoš - 2 kh¤âiu bkŒ - ½kh¤âiu
« F¿š vG¤ij xÈ¡F« fhy msî - 1 kh¤âiu 1. ky® = 1 + 1 + ½ = 2 ½ kh¤âiu
« beoš vG¤ij xÈ¡F« fhy msî - 2 kh¤âiu 2. fhntÇ = 2 + 2 + 1 = 5 kh¤âiu
w
« bkŒ vG¤J¡fŸ xÈ¡F« fhy msî - miu kh¤âiu 3. fšgdh = 1 + ½ + 1 + 2 = 4 ½ kh¤âiu
« MŒj vG¤ij xÈ¡F« fhy msî - miu kh¤âiu
I
4. Fku‹ = 2 + 1 + 1 + ½ = 4 ½ kh¤âiu
v.fh : ~
wV
TLjš Édh¡fŸ - ÉilfŸ
ïaš
nfho£l ïl¤ij Ãu¥òf. 1.6 bkhÊia MŸnth«
x‹W
wL
1. jÄœ vG¤J¡fË‹ bkh¤j v©Â¡if ..........
Éil : 247
2. cÆ® vG¤J¡fË‹ v©Â¡if .................. nf£L« gh®¤J« cz®f.
Éil : 12 1. ïÅa jÄœ¥ghlšfis¡ nf£L k»œf.
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3. bkŒ vG¤J¡fË‹ v©Â¡if............ fh¡if¢ áw»Åny eªjyhyh

Éil : 18 Ã‹w‹ fÇaÃw« njh‹Wijna eªjyhyh
ešynjh® åiz brŒJ mij
FWÉdh ey§bfl òGâÆš v¿tJ©nlh
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xÈ tothf vG¥g¥gLtJ«, tÇ tothf vGj¥gLtJ«
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ciufis¡ nf£L k»œf. V‰g jÄÊš òâa òâa fiy¢brh‰fŸ cUth» tU»‹wd.
m¿P® m©zhÉ‹ thbdhÈ ciu : ïiza«, Kfüš, òyd«, Fušnjlš, njLbgh¿,
ïnjh eh‹ ngR»nw‹. Ú§fŸ nf£»Ö®fŸ. ïilna braÈ, bjhLâiu KjÈa brh‰fis ïj‰F
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ï›târa¢ rhjd§fŸ ïšyhâUªj eh£fŸ ekJ bkhÊahfî« És§F»wJ jÄœbkhÊ.
K‹ndh®fŸ fhy«. ï›tsî trâfŸ ek¡»U¡»wJ. V‹,
kdts« ï›tsî Fiwthf ïU¡»wJ? åLfËny brhšy¡ nf£L vGJf.
kdts¤ij mâfÇ¡fnth, ghJfh¡fnth, eh« Ka‰á ï‹g¤jÄœ bjhšfh¥ãa« R¥òu¤âd«
brŒtâšiy, tÊtif njo¡bfhŸtâšiy. g‹Åu©L ghntªj® m~¿iz
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Õnuh¡fŸ ïU¡F«. mitfËš btŸË¤ jh«ghsK«, fUñy§fŸ
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3. clš Mnuh¡»ank ...................... mo¥gil.
Éil : ciH¥ò¡F
bfh©lit. gy bkhÊfŸ f‰w fÉP® ghuâah®. 4. ciH¤J¤ njoa bghUshš eh« bgWtd ahit?
ahk¿ªj bkhÊfËny jÄœbkhÊ nghš Éil : czî, cil, ciwÉl«
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ïÅjhtJ v§F« fhnzh« 5. g¤â¡F¥ bghU¤jkhd jiy¥ò¤ jUf.
v‹W jÄœ bkhÊÆ‹ ïÅikia ÉaªJ ghodh®. Éil : gHbkhÊÆ‹ áw¥ò
jÄœ vËJ : cÆU« bkŒí« ïiztjhš njh‹Wgit
cÆ®bkŒ xÈfŸ. cÆ® vG¤JfŸ, bkŒ vG¤JfŸ ãwbkhÊ¡ fy¥ã‹¿¥ ngRf.
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M»at‰¿‹ xÈ¥ò Kiwfis m¿ªJ bfh©lhny 1. v§f °Tšny R‰Wyh T£o£L¥ nghwh§f.
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T£o xÈ¤jhny jÄœ go¤jš ïašghf ÃfœªJÉL«. ngh»wh®fŸ.
v.fh. m + K + J = mKJ.
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ïj‰nf‰g, jÄœ vG¤JfŸ bgU«ghY« tyŠRÊ brh‹dh§f.
vG¤Jfshfnt mikªJŸsd. Éil : bg‰nwhÇl« mDkâ¡foj« th§» tu¢
v.fh. tyŠRÊ vG¤JfŸ - m, v, xs, z, P brh‹dh®fŸ.
ïlŠRÊ vG¤JfŸ - l, a, H
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MŒªj¿f.
bgaÇš jiy¥bgG¤ij¥ gytifahf vGJ»‹nwh«. ïaš
S. ïÅa‹, v°.ïÅa‹, r.ïÅa‹ - ït‰WŸ rÇahdJ 1.7 bkhÊnahL ÉisahL
vJ? V‹? x‹W
Éil : âu£Lf.
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r.ïÅa‹ v‹gJ rÇahdJ. ik v‹D« vG¤âš Koí« brh‰fË‹ g£oaš
‘S’ k‰W« ‘v°’ v‹gJ M§»y c¢rÇ¥ghF«. jahÇ¡f.
eh‹ jahÇ¤j g£oaš :
foj« vGJf. 1. c©ik 2. ïÅik
ÉL¥ò É©z¥g«. 3. mUik 4. br«ik
mD¥òe® 5. tsik 6. Kj‹ik
k. Ékyh, 7. tÈik 8. vËik
9. bk‹ik 10. nk‹ik
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Mwh« tF¥ò "m" ãÇî,
Ã®kyh bg©fŸ nkšÃiy¥ gŸË,
kJiu - 625009 brhšts« bgWnth«
bgWe® 1. Ñœ¡fhQ« brh‰fËš cŸs vG¤J¡fis¡ bfh©L
tF¥gháÇa® òâa brh‰fis cUth¡Ff.
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kJiu - 625009 Éil : 1.fÉij - fÉ, fij, Éij, ij
2.gâ‰W¥g¤J - gâ, g¤J, g‰W, gâ¤J
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Iah, 3.gÇghlš - ghlš, ghš, gš, ghÇ
tz¡f«. eh‹ v‹ bg‰nwhUl‹ ïizªJ v‹
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vd¡F ïu©L ehŸfŸ k£L« ÉL¥ò mË¡FkhW gÂîl‹ cUth¡Ff.
üš, bkhÊ, nfhš, Û‹, Úâ, vGJ, f©, btË,
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nf£L¡bfhŸ»nw‹.
e‹¿. jÄœ, kÂ, khiy, É© (v.fh) É©Û‹
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3. vGJnfhš 4. f©kÂ
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5. jÄœüš 6. jÄœbkhÊ
ïl« : kJiu
ehŸ : 7. É©btË 8. jÄœkhiy
9. É©Û‹
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f. kÂt©z‹
bg‰nwh® ifbah¥g« bghU¤jkhd brh‰fis¡ bfh©L bjhl®fis Ãu¥òf.
mHF, V‰w«, ï‹g«, C¡f«, ïÅik, M‰wš, <L, ïir,
cz®î, VLfŸ, cÇik, v‹W«, vËjhŒ, ctif, m‹ò
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v.fh : m - m‹ò jUtJ jÄœ

M - M‰wš jUtJ jÄœ
ï - ïÅik jUtJ jÄœ
< - <L ïšyhjJ jÄœ
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c - cz®î jUtJ jÄœ

C - C¡f« jUtJ jÄœ
v - v‹W« nt©L« jÄœ
V - V‰w« jUtJ jÄœ
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f£l§fËš kiwªJŸs brh‰fis¡ f©Lão¡f. ïiza¤âš fh©f.
cd¡F¥ ão¤j jÄœ¡ fÉP® g‰¿a brŒâfis
gh u â jh r ‹ f
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MáÇa® F¿¥ò :
Dika
â U t Ÿ S t ®
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jhah® : á‹d«ikah®
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ãw¥ãl« : áj«gu¤ij mL¤JŸs kUö®
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3. âUtŸSt® 4.xsitah®
5. thÂjhr‹
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ïaš
1.8 f£Liu
Ã‰f mj‰F¤ jf....... x‹W
( v‹ bghW¥òfŸ)
1. eh‹ jhŒ bkhÊÆnyna ngRnt‹; 1. cd¡F bjÇªj jÄœ fÉP® v‹D« jiy¥ãš
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2. jhŒbkhÊÆnyna fšÉ f‰ng‹. Ñœ¡fhQ« F¿¥òfis¡ bfh©L f£Liu tiuf.
3. jÄœ¥ bga®fisna N£Lnt‹. K‹Diu, ïsik¡fhy«, òu£á¡fÉ, gF¤j¿î
1. ïs§nfht‹ 2. jÄHuR áªjid, Koîiu
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3. m¿tH» 4. âUehî¡fuR
5. beLŠbrÊa‹ 6. nj‹bkhÊ K‹Diu :
7. mKj‹ 8. fãy‹ jÄiH¥ gy Éj§fËš ngh‰¿at® ghuâjhr‹.
9. kâauR 10. fiyauá mJnghynt jÄHÇ‹ Ãiyia kh‰w cWâ bfh©L
bjh©lh‰¿at®.
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fiy¢brhš m¿f.
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1. tyŠRÊ - Clock wise ïsik¡fhy« :
Internet òJ¢nrÇÆš fdfrig, ïy¡FÄa«ikah® v‹ngh®¡F
2. ïiza«
3. njLbgh¿
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-
- Search engine 29.4.1891 š ãwªjh®. mt® ïa‰bga® R¥òu¤âd«.
ghuâahÇ‹ fÉijfŸ ÛJ bfh©l g‰¿‹ fhuzkhf j«
4. Kfüš - Face book
bgaiu¥ ghuâjhr‹ vd kh‰¿¡ bfh©lh®.
5. òyd« - Whats app
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jÄG¡F mKbj‹Wng® - mªj¤
6. ïlŠRÊ - Anti Clock wise jÄœ ï‹g¤ jÄœ v§fŸ cÆU¡F ne® !
7. Fušnjlš - Voice Search v‹W j‹ jÄœg‰iw btË¥gL¤âdh®.
8. bjhLâiu - Touch Screen
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9. braÈ - App òu£á¡fÉ :

10. Ä‹dŠrš - E-mail ghuâjhr‹ j« fÉijfËš bg©fšÉ, if«bg©
kWkz«, bghJîilik, gF¤j¿î Kjyhd fU¤Jfis
cŸ th§»¥ghoíŸsh®. 29.7.1946 M« ehËš m¿P®
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m©zh jiyikÆš ghuh£L ÉHh el¤j¥g£L òu£á¡fÉ

v‹D« g£lK« % 25,000/- gzKo¥ò« tH§f¥g£lJ.
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SELECTION 6 TAMIL 32 TERM - I 5 in 1
gF¤j¿î áªjid :
ïsik¡fhy¤âš M‹Ûf¥ ghlšfŸ ghodh®.
fÉijfŸ, ghuâahUl‹ bjhl®ò V‰g£l ã‹d® r_f
kh‰w¤â‰fhd ghlšfis¥ ghl¤ bjhl§»dh®. mj‹ ãwF
jªij bgÇahÇ‹ bfhŸiffshš ftu¥g£L¥ gF¤j¿î¢
Dika
áªjidfis¡ fÉijfsh¡»dh®.
Koîiu :
ghuâjhr‹ 26.04.1964 M« ehËš ï›îyf thœit
Ú¤jh®. mtuJ Ãidit¥ ngh‰W« t©z« jÄœehL muR
ghuâjhr‹ gšfiy¡fHf« mik¤J¢ áw¥ã¤JŸsJ.
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foj«
ng¢R¥ ngh£oÆš bt‰¿ bg‰w e©gD¡F ghuh£L klš.
ïl« : â©L¡fš
a
ehŸ :
ïÅa e©gh
tz¡f«. ey«. ey«m¿a Mtš.
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flªj thu« c‹ gŸËÆš elªj âU¡FwŸ ng¢R¥
ngh£oÆš Ú KjÈl« bg‰W RH‰nfla¤ij¥ gŸË¡F¥
bg‰W¤ jªJ bgUik nr®¤JŸsij m¿ªJ Äfî«
k»œî‰nw‹.
go¥ãš Ú fh£o tU»‹w M®t«jh‹ Ú KjÈl« tu
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cjî»‹wd. beŠrh®ªj thœ¤J¡fŸ.
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c‹ m‹ã‰FÇa
e©g‹
m»y‹
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ciwnkš KftÇ
bršt‹. fÇfhy‹
21, bgÇaFs« nuhL
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njÅ kht£l«
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SELECTION 6 ENGLISH 80 TERM - I 5 in 1 SELECTION 6 ENGLISH 81 TERM - I 5 in 1
UNIT - 1
PROSE: SEA TURTLES
6 ENGLISH
Dika
MINDMAP
5
TERM - I 1 Female
hatchlings that
have become adults Live in Seven
return to same beach sea species
to lay egg
POEM : TREES
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(MEMORITER) One in every
Turtles Live entire
thousand
life in
a
hatchlings
Ocean
The Banyan is the largest of trees, becomes
an adult
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The Peepul quivers in the breeze,
The Coconut grows up straight and tall, Female
Eggs hatches
comes to shore
after 45-60 days
The Neem tree's fruits are very small, to lay eggs
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The Tamarind gives us pleasant shade,
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The Date’s leaf is as sharp as a blade,
The Teak tree gives us useful wood,
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The Mango gives us fruit that is good.
- Sara Coleridge
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6th I 5 in 1 E.M - 6
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WARM UP « Out of the five turtle species the Olive Ridleys is still
commonly seen nesting on sandy beaches all along our
coasts.
« The other four species have become extremely rare in
India.
Dika
Put a (ü ) for the correct and a (û ) for the incorrect
The Loggerhead The Olive Ridley statements.
1. Turtles are different from tortoises. Ans : (ü )
2. Turtles are sea animals. Ans : (ü )
3. There are seven kinds of sea turtles in the world.
Ans : (ü )
4. Sea turtles are very small. Ans : (û )
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The Leatherback
5. Turtles come ashore to lay eggs. Ans : (ü )
6. Sea turtles come to rest on land. Ans : (û )
7. Olive Ridleys are the only sea turtles seen on Indian
shores. Ans : (ü )
a
GLOSSARY
The Hawksbill The Green Sea Turtle marine - found in the sea
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species - group of animals with common features
Talk about … coastal - land by the edge of a sea
1. Have you seen turtles? Where do they live?
Ans : Yes, I have seen turtles. They live in oceans. SYNONYMS :
2. What do you know about turtles? 1. entire - complete
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Ans : Turtles live in oceans. They live for many years . 2. huge - big
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They come to the shore to lay eggs. 3. nesting - build nest
3. Why do you think the turtles in the picture have
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names such asLeatherback and Hawksbill? ANTONYMS :
Ans : Leatherback turtles have leathery skin. So, it is 1. entire x partial
named as leather back turtles. Hawkbill turtles have mouth 2. huge x tiny
that is like hawk's beak. 3. common x rare
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4. largest x smallest
SECTION - I 5. above x below
Summary :
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« Turtle belongs to reptile family. Extra questions :

« Turtles live their entire life in Ocean. 1. How many species of turtles are there in the world?
« There are seven species of marine or sea turtles in the There are seven species of turtles in the world.
world.
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« Five species live in India's costal waters. 2. Name five species of turtles that are found in India's
« They are the Olive Ridley, the Hawkbill, the Green sea costal waters.
turtle, the Loggerhead and the Leatherback. The Olive Ridley, the Hawkbill, the Green sea turtle, the
« Turtles are bigger in size when compared to tortoise. Logger head and the Leatherback are found in India's
« Though they live in ocean, they come ashore to lay costal waters.
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3. Which is the biggest sea turtle? SYNONYMS :
The Leatherback is the biggest sea turtle. 1. gracefully - smoothly
2. spot - place
4. In What way the sea turtles are connected with land? 3. track - path
Though the sea turtles live in ocean, they come ashore to 4. scent - smell
Dika
lay eggs.
ANTONYMS :
5. Which species is commonly seen nesting on sandy 1. collect x scatter
beaches all along our coasts? 2. open x close
The Olive Ridleys is commonly seen nesting on sandy 3. push x pull
beaches all along our coasts. 4. emerge x disappear
5. hurry x slow down
6. What do you mean by 'Arribada'?
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Arribada means mass nesting. On certain night during Are these statements right? Discuss with your partner
nesting season thousands of female turtles come ashore and (ü ) them if they are correct. Correct them if they
to lay eggs on particular beaches. are wrong. Share your answers in class.
1. Female Olive Ridleys come ashore at night to lay eggs.
a
SECTION II Ans : (ü )
Summary : 2. The eggs of an Olive Ridley are in the shape and size of a
« Female Olive Ridleys come ashore at night between the cricket ball. Ans : (û )
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month of January and March. 3. Ridleys come to lay their eggs in the month of January.
« With great difficulty they haul itself onto the beach and Ans : (ü )
choose a spot well away from high tide to lay eggs. 4. The turtles use their flippers and make a hollow for their
« They scoop out a nest cavity 45 cm deep. nests. Ans : (ü )
« They lay eggs and close the nest by tossing sand. 5. The hatchlings use a tiny egg-tooth to come out of the
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« Then they return to the sea. eggs. Ans : (ü )
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« The eggs are left incubated under the sun.
« Not all eggs hatch. Most of the eggs are traced and Extra Questions:
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eaten by men and animals. 1. When does female Olive Ridleys come ashore to lay
« After 45-60 days eggs hatch and the hatchlings hurry to eggs?
the sea. Female Olive Ridleys come ashore between the months
of January and March.
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GLOSSARY :
flippers - broad, flat limbs used for swimming 2. Why does it haul itself laboriously onto the beach?
predators - animals that kill other animals for food The flippers enable it to swim and not to walk. So it has to
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haul - pull with force haul itself laboriously onto the beach.
slash - cut
laboriously - with great effort 3. Do all eggs hatch? Why?
snout - pointed nose of an animal All eggs do not hatch as most of the eggs are traced and
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cavity - a hollow space eaten by men and animals.

emerge - come out
camouflage - hide or disguise something 4. What is the use of 'egg-tooth'?
incubate - hatch eggs using warmth 'Egg tooth' at the tip of a hatchling's snout helps the
hatchlings to slash open the leathery egg shell.
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5. What determines the sex of the embryo? SYNONYMS :

The temperature inside the egg determines the sex of the 1. prey - victim, food
embryo. 2. estimate - calculate roughly
3. hatchlings - new born turtles
SECTION III 4. trap - catch
Dika
Summary :
« The hatchlings weighs 20 gms each. All hatchlings do not ANTONYMS :
survive. 1. fascinating x boring
« Most of them are eaten by crabs or birds before they 2. survive x die
reach the sea. 3. trap x release
« If so they reach the sea, it will be eaten by predators. 4. continue x discontinue
« It is said that one of thousand hatchlings becomes an 5. exist x die
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adult.
« After many years the female hatchlings that have Paragraph :
become adult come to the same shore where it was born to 1. Write about the life of sea turtle.
lay eggs which is still a mystery. Sea turtles live in ocean. They come ashore only to lay
« Sea turtles are slowly becoming extinct due to the greed eggs. There are seven species of sea turtles. Five species
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of men and other factors like pollution, dumping of plastic of sea turtles are seen in India's coastal water. Olive Ridley
etc. is the commonest sea turtle. It comes to the shore at night
« Only the change in the attitude of men will help the during nesting season to lay eggs. It digs a nest 45 cm deep
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survival of turtles. using its flippers. It lays many eggs, covers the nest by
tossing sand and returns to the sea. The eggs are
Fill in the table given below : incubated and hatches after 45-60 days. The hatchlings
S. Problems Effect Solution come out of the leathery egg shell using tiny egg tooth.
Though there are many hatchlings only one out of thousand
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No faced by the
hatchlings becomes an adult. Others become a prey to sea animals. A
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1. Pollution Survival of Reduce the usage female hatchling after becoming an adult comes to the
same shore where it was born to lay eggs. This remains a
wVsea turtles of plastics.
mystery till now.
becomes difficult
2. Predators eat the young hatchlings can be
sea turtles or grown in aseparate 2. What are the dangers faced by the eggs and
hatchlings of a sea turtle?
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hatchlings. hatchery till they
become A sea turtle lays many eggs but all eggs do not hatch.
considerably big Most of the eggs are traced and eaten by men and animals.
3. Human kill turtles for severe punishment The left out eggs hatch but the hatchlings become a prey to
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Activities shell and meat. or heavy penalty crabs and birds before they reaches the sea. If at all they
collect eggs for must be imposed. reach the sea they are eaten by predators. Scientist say
eating. that one out of thousand hatchlings becomes an adult.
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GLOSSARY : READ AND UNDERSTAND :

survive - continue to live A. Choose the correct answers. You may choose more
mysteries - facts that are difficult to understand than one answer if needed.
fascinating - attracting greatly 1. The __________ is a biological relative of tortoises.
decade - a period of ten years a) sea turtle b) fish c) reptile
Ans : a) sea turtle
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2. In India’s coastal waters we can see a species of C. Fill in the blanks with words that convey the correct
____________. meaning of the sentences.
a) tortoises b) sea turtles c) dolphin 1. Tiny hatchlings fall _________ (pray / prey) to many
Ans : b) sea turtles predators.
3. Sea turtles come to the shore to__________. Ans : Tiny hatchlings fall prey to many predators.
Dika
a) visit their birth place b) lay eggs c) go back to sea 2. Sea turtles live their _________ (hole / whole) life in the
Ans : b) lay eggs sea .
4. It is a problem for sea turtles to come ashore because Ans : Sea turtles live their whole life in the sea
___________. 3. The turtles come ashore only during the _________
a) they find it difficult to walk on sand (night / knight).
b) they don’t know their way to the shore Ans : The turtles come ashore only during the night.
c.)animals and people hunt them 4. The predators follow the _________ (sent / scent) of the
Ans : a) they find it difficult to walk on sand turtles to eat their eggs.
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5. A turtle’s flippers help it to ___________. Ans : The predators follow the scent of the turtles to eat
a) swim b) dig a nest c) climb their eggs.
Ans : a) swim b) dig a nest. 5. The female turtles lay eggs and go back to the
6. A sea turtle camouflages its nest by tossing sand on it to _________ (see / sea).
a
__________. Ans : The female turtles lay eggs and go back to the sea
a) hide its eggs from predators
b) incubate eggs in the warmth of the sun D. Use the clues and fill in the crossword puzzle.
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c) keep the hatchlings safe 1. This word rhymes with seen. 4. Sounds like hair
Ans : a) hide its eggs from predators 2. This animal has two horns 5. Shines brightly
b) incubate eggs in the warmth of the sun and a spotted coat.
3. This is a huge sea animal. 6. Rhymes with load
VOCABULARY :
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B. Find any five words related to sea from the text
I
(Sections I & II). Write them below. Then use the words
to frame sentences of your own.
eg: beach
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– We like to play in the sandy beach
1 ______ ___________________________ S
2 ______ ___________________________ c
3 ______ ___________________________ D e e r h
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4 ______ ___________________________ S u n a
5 ______ ___________________________ e r o a d
Ans : W h a l e
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1. Marine - To learn about marine animals is

very interesting.
2. ashore - Sea turtles come ashore to lay eggs.
3. coastal waters - Turtles are found in India's coastal
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waters
4. tide - The tides are high during new moon Ans :
day and full moon day 1. Scene 4. hare
5. sand - Sea turtles find difficult to walk on the 2. Deer 5. Sun
sand of the beach. 3. Whale 6. road
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LANGUAGE CHECK POINT : SPEAKING :
Don't Say Say Note F. Look at the picture. Work in groups and give a short
I cannot see I cannot see many Use many with talk about it using the words given below.
much stars in . stars in the sky. countable plural nouns. sand waves, when, as soon as, collect, enjoy, hatchlings,
the sky Use much with basket, boys, night, rough, sea, many, eggs, incubate,
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uncountable nouns. hatchery, after.
I have little I have few Use few with
friends. friends. countable nouns. Use
little with uncountable
nouns.
Every test Each test contains Each refers to an
contains about twenty individual object or
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about twenty questions. person. Every refers to
questions. a group of objects or Volunteers of the students’ Sea Turtle Conservation Network
people. (SSTCN) release Olive Ridley hatchlings into the sea.
Is there any Is there some Any is used for Ans :
lemonade left? lemonade left? questions and The sea turtles come out of the rough sea at night. They
a
negatives. Some is select a spot in the sand of the beach where waves couldn't
used for positive. reach. They dig a nest, lay many eggs and return to the sea.
To save the eggs from animals and men, volunteers of
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LISTENING : SSTCN collect them as soon as the turtles return to the sea
E. Listen to the flash news. Read the questions given They are taken to hatchery and incubated-when eggs
below, then listen to the flash news again and complete hatch, the hatchlings are grown with utmost care in the
the responses.* hatchery for some days. The volunteers enjoy growing the
hatchlings. After some days they are taken to the shore in a
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Questions Responses basket and left into the sea safely.
What escaped from the zoo? a tiger a monkey ü
When did it escape?
I at 10 p.m at 10 a.m ü PICTO GRAMMAR :

How did it escape?
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went over the fence
What did the zoo-keeper do? rang up the police ü
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rang up the warden
When should you call or dial when you see the The batsman hits the ball
180345778? monkey ü
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to report the escape of the The SUBJECT of a sentence is The PREDICATE of a

always noun or a word / words sentence includes the
monkey that can take the place of a noun. verb and the object if
Ans : there is one.
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1. a monkey
2. at 10. a.m
3. Pushed out of the fence
4. rang up the police
5. when you see the monkey. We are going to the zoo.
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5. 6.
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We are going to the zoo. Ans :
1. A boy is going to drink water.
2. Glass is broken into pieces.
3. He is going to school.
4. The school is neat and tidy.
5. She wants the school bag.
6. The school bag books clean and tidy.
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Raju has to rest
I. Match the two halves of the sentences and read them.
USE GRAMMAR : 1. Sea turtles - threaten the survival of sea turtles.
G. Make meaningful sentences from the table given 2. Hatchlings - uses its front flippers to swim.
below. 3. A turtle - come ashore to lay eggs.
a
A turtle live in the sea. 4. Many factors - cut open the leathery egg shell.
is huge.
have a connection with the land. Ans :
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Turtle are found in coastal waters. 1. Sea turtles - come ashore to lay eggs.
are wonderful creatures. 2. Hatchlings - cut open the leathery egg shell.
has flippers to swim. 3. A turtle - uses its front flippers to swim.
4. Many factors - threaten the survival of sea turtles.
Ans :
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1. A turtle is huge WRITING :
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2. A turtle has flippers to swim J. Tortoises and Turtles are not the same. Read the
3. Turtles live in the sea facts given below. List the similarities and differences
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4. Turtles have a connection with the land between them.
5. Turtles are found in coastal waters Tortoise Turtle
6. Turtles are wonderful creatures. reptile family reptile family
land animal sea animal
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H. Write a suitable sentence for the pictures given has a long life lives for many years
below. uses tiny feet to walk use flippers to swim
1. 2. eats grass, weeds and flowers eats insects and bugs
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Ans :
Similarities Differences
« Both tortoise and turtle « Tortoise is a land animal
belong to reptile family. «whereas turtle is a sea
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animal.
3. 4. « Both live for many years. « Tortoise eats grass, weeds
and flowers but turtle feeds
on insects and bugs.
«Tortoise uses tiny feet to walk
and turtle uses flippers to swim.
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K. Write a paragraph from the contents of the table How doth the little crocodile
given above. Frame sentences with these words – but, Improve his shining tail,
as well as, whereas. And pour the water of the Nile
eg. A turtle as well as a tortoise belongs to the reptile On every golden scale!
family.
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Ans : A turtle as well as a tortoise belongs to the reptile How cheerful he seems to grin,
family. Tortoise is a land animal but turtle is a sea animal. A How neatly spreads his claws,
tortoise has a long life whereas a turtle lives for many years. And welcomes little fishes in,
A tortoise uses its tiny feet to walk whereas a turtle uses its With gently smiling jaws!
flippers to swim. A tortoise eats grass, weeds and flowers - Lewis Carroll
but a turtle eats insects and bugs.
Glossary :
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CREATIVE WRITING
L. Describe the picture in about fifty words and give a doth - an expression of old English for ‘does’
suitable title. Make use of the words / phrases given improve - to become better than before
below. cheerful - happy
many, sea animals, wonders, ocean, fishes, gently - softly, mildly
a
different colours, sizes, varieties, rare species, deep sea,
under the sea. Summary :
Ans : « The poet talks about crocodile in this poem.
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In deep waters : « He says that it lives in river Nile.
Ocean is a habitat for many « It enjoys its life in the river.
sea animals. A lot of wonders « He says that its tail is shining and it has scaly skin.
can be seen in the deep sea. « It eagerly welcomes the fish with a smile on its face.
Varieties of fishes with different « It spreads its claws very neatly to catch the fish.
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colours and sizes can be seen
A. Read the poem aloud in pairs.
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under the sea. Rare species of
sea animals can also be seen in
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the deep sea. The scene of deep B. Choose the rhyming words from the box and write
sea is a marvel and splenderous. them in the correct blanks.
file din caws nail while paws mail thin
UNIT 1 : POEM - THE CROCODILE 1. claws, jaws, ________ , ________ Ans : caws, paws
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WARM UP 2. grin, in, ________ , ________ Ans : din, thin
What do crocodiles eat? Talk about it. 3. crocodile, Nile, _______ , _______ Ans : file, while
Ans : 4. tail, scale, ________ , ________ Ans : nail, mail
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A crocodile eats
fishes and other C. Read these lines and answer the questions given
small sea animals. below.
At times it eats 1. How cheerful he seems to grin
Who does ‘he’ refer to?
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human beings also.

Crocodile also Ans : ''He'' refers to crocodile.
belongs to reptile family. It lives both in water and land. It
has scaly skin and strong tail. It has strong sharp teeth to 2. And pour the water of the Nile
tear and eat its prey. What does the Nile refer to ? Where is it ?
Ans : Nile refers to river. It is in Egypt, Africa.
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3. And welcomes little fishes in UNIT - 1 : SUPPLEMENTARY : OWLIE
With gently smiling jaws!
(i) Who welcomes the fish? Why? MIND MAP
Ans : Crocodile welcomes the fish to eat.
(ii) Which line tells you that the crocodile is hungry? Payal and her mother
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Ans : ''And welcomes little fishes in'
'With gently smiling jaws!'' - tells us that the Loves animals and birds
crocodile is hungry.
Grow abandoned animals and birds
D. Work in pairs. Share your answers with your partner.
1. What is the poem about? Found an owlet
Ans : This poem about Crocodile.
Named it Owlie
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2. How does the crocodile’s tail look?
Ans : The Crocodile's tail is shining. Looked after it with great love and care
3. What does ‘improve his tail’ mean? Fed it with minced meat
a
Ans : To make its tail more shining.
Left it in library for it to learn how to fly
4. How does he spread his claws?
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Ans : He spreads his claws neatly. Found Owlie missing one day
5. Why does he welcome little fishes? Payal was upset

Ans : He welcomes little fishes to eat.
Found Owlie pretending to be curio.
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6. Which line talks about the crocodile’s mouth and his Payal was happy.
I
shape?
Ans : ''How cheerful he seems to grin, Summary :
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With gently smiling jaws!'' - These lines talk about the « Payal and her mother grew abandoned animals and
crocodiles mouth and his shape. birds.
« One day shefali dhi dhi brought a carton.
WRITING: « Mother opened the carton and found an owlet which was
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E. What does the poet say about the crocodile? Write in brown and grey.
your own words. (in about fifty words) « Payal named it Owlie. At beginning Owlie was scared of
Ans : In the poem ''The Crocodile'', the poet Lewis Carroll Payal and her mother and it even pretended to be dead.
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talks about crocodile. He says that the crocodile lives in « Payal's mother fed her with minced meat.
River Nile. It has a shining tail and golden scaly skin. The « When Owlie grew little bigger, mother kept her in the
crocodile seems to grin happily with neatly spread claws. It library and closed all the doors so that it could learn to fly.
smiles with its jaws wide open and welcomes the little fish « One day Owlie was found missing.
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to quench its hunger. « Payal was upset and felt very sad. She searched for
Owlie everywhere.
« Mother advised her to read some books so that she may
be become normal.
« When Payal was searching for book she found curio.
« It was actually Owlie pretending to be curio.
6th I 5 in 1 E.M - 7
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« Payal scolded Owlie and she winked at Payal. D. Rearrange the following jumbled sentences in the
correct order.
A. Identify the character/ speaker. • Payal’s house was a home for abandoned animals.
1. Owlie’s gone! Ans : Payal • It was a small ball of brown and grey.
2. She opened one eye and then the other. Ans : Owlie • She found an owlet in one corner.
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3. Don’t panic. Ans : Mom • Payal’s mother picked her up gently.
• Payal’s mother opened the carton.
Extra Questions : • One day they got a carton.
1. But she is not there new. Ans : Payal Ans :
2. You choose a name. Ans : Mom 1. Payal’s house was a home for abandoned animals.
3. She didn't know what to do with it. Ans : Owlie 2. One day they got a carton.
4. You've killed her! Ans : Payal 3. Payal’s mother opened the carton.
5. Oh, what have I done. Ans : Mom 4. She found an owlet in one corner.
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6. Who left the garden door open. Ans : Payal 5. It was a small ball of brown and grey.
7. Why don't you find a good book to read. Ans : Mom 6. Payal’s mother picked her up gently.
B. Choose the correct answer from the options given. E. Discuss in pairs. Then write the answers.
a
1. The owlet was _________. (brown and grey / white and 1. What kind of a girl was Payal? What did she like? How
grey) did she behave with animals and people?
Ans : The owlet was brown and grey Ans : Payal is a young girl who is very kind towards
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2. In Payal’s family, they were all ________. (non- abandoned animals and birds. She liked to grow animals
vegetarian / vegetarian) and birds. She looked after the animals with great love and
Ans : In Payal’s family, they were all vegetarian care. She was very kind and polite towards people. When
3. The cage was shifted to the _______. (library / living she found Owlie missing she became upset and she
room) worried how it would survive outside as it was very young.
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Ans : The cage was shifted to the library When she found Owlie in the library she was very happy.
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C. Read the passage and answer the questions. 2. Do you think Owlie was happy to be with Payal? Give
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Payal and her mother started talking bravely about reasons for your answer.
where to bury Owlie. Just then, Owlie opened one eye and Ans : Yes, Owlie was happy to be with Payal. In the
then the other. She got onto her feet and quietly climbed beginning it was little scared to be with Payal. Later it
the perch! Payal learnt later that falling on her back and became friendly with Payal and it did not want go out of the
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pretending to be dead. was Owlie’s way of defending house though the door of the cage was opened. It played
herself against danger. with Payal by pretending itself to be Curio. When Payal
1. Why did Payal and her mother want to bury Owlie? scold the owl, it winked at her as she did it often.
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Ans : Payal and her mother wanted to bury Owlie

because they thought she was dead.
2. What did Owlie do then?

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Ans : Owlie opened one eye and then the other. She got
onto to her feet and quietly climbed the perch.
3. What did Payal learn from Owlie’s pretence?

Ans : Payal learnt that falling on her back and pretending to
be dead was Owlie's way of defending herself against danger.
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PROJECT : STEPS TO SUCCESS
F. Listen to the teacher read the passage. Watch this H. Find their group name and write them in the blanks.
website : https ://sstcn.org/. Then write a paragraph on One is done for you.
Students' Turtle walk Chennai 2017. eg: elephant, tiger, lion, monkey - Land animals
Ans : The Students' Sea Turtle Conservation Network 1. eel, seal, walrus, seahorse _____ Ans :Marine fishes.
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(SSTCN) is a voluntary group comprising students who 2. pearl, coral, conch, oil _________
have been working in the beaches of Chennai since 1987. Ans : Products obtained from the sea water.
They conserve and create awareness about the 3. submarine, ship, yacht, ferry ________
endangered Olive Ridley sea turtle. They collect the eggs Ans : Water transport used under or in water.
of Olive and take to a safe place. When the eggs hatch they 4. kite surfing, scuba diving, parasailing _______
release them safely into the sea. They even interact with Ans : Water sports.
people on Friday and saturday nights to create an 5. albatross, penguin, pelican, fish hawk _______
awareness about the endangered species. Ans : Ocean birds.
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CONNECTING TO SELF :
G. Write a caption for these pictures. One is done for
you
a
Help Say 'No'
the to plastics
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needy / ban plastics
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Save Save
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trees, rain water
Save
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life
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6 MATHS 190 TERM-1 5 in 1 6 MATHS 191 TERM-1 5 in 1
Solution :
Shapes 1 st 2 nd 3 rd 4 th 5 th
Chapter- 2. INTRODUCTION TO ALGEBRA pattern pattern pattern pattern pattern
Exercise- 2.1 Squares 1 2 3 4 5
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1. Fill in the blanks. Circles 1 2 3 4 5
(i) The letters a,b,c,... x,y,z are used to represent Triangles 2 4 6 8 10
........
Solution : variables (all english alphabets Next two patterns are:
are called as variables) (i) (ii)
(ii) A quantity that takes ................ values is called a
variable. Solution : different
(we can give different values of x,y,z etc..)
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(iii) If there are 5 students in a bench, then the number
of students in 'n' benches is '5xn'. Here .......... is a variable. 4. Use a variable to write the rule which gives the
Solution : 'n' is a variable (unknown variable) number of ice candy sticks required to make the
following patterns.
a) a pattern of letter C as
a
2. Say True of False.
(i) The length of part B in the pencil Solution :
- Number of sticks are needed to make this pattern is
shown is 'a-6' Ans : False 3 sticks
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(ii) If the cost of an is 'x' and the cost of a is 5 , then Number of ice candy sticks = '3n'
the total cost of fruits is 'x+ 5' Ans : True to make 'n' stick pattern
Solution : Cost of an apple is 'x' Ans : 3n
Cost of a banana is 5
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Total cost = 'x+5' b) a pattern of letter M as
Solution :
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(iii) If there are 11 players in a team, then there will be '11+q'
- Number of sticks are needed to make this pattern is
players in 'q' teams.
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4 sticks
Number of ice candy sticks = '4n'
Solution :
to make 'n' sticks pattern
Total players = 11
Ans : 4n
The players in 'q' team should be less than 11
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So, answer is False.
5. The teacher forms groups of five students in a class.
How many students will be there in 'P' groups?
3.Draw the next two patterns and complete the table.
Solution :
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Number of students in a group = 5

Number of students in such 'p' group = 5 x p = 5p
Ans : 5 P
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6. Arivazhagan is 30 years younger to his father. Write

Shapes 1 st
2 nd
3rd
4 th
5 th Arivazhagan's age in terms of his father's age.
pattern pattern pattern pattern pattern Solution : Given that age of father = 'n' years
~ Arivazhagan's age = 'n'-30 years
Squares 1 2 3 Ans : 'n- 30'
Circles 1 2 3
Triangles 2 4 6
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7. If 'u' is an even number, how would you represent Try these :
(i) The next even number ? 1. Observe the following patterns and complete them,
(ii) The previous even number? (i) 5, 8, 11, 14, ---, ---, ---
Solution : even numbers are getting by adding 2 to each (ii) If 15873 x 7 = 111111 and 15873 x 14 = 222222 then
number. Hence, what is 15873 x 21 = ? and 15873 x 28 =?
Dika
(i) The next even number is = 'u + 2' Solution:
(ii) The previous even number is = 'u - 2' (i) 5+3 = 8, 8+3=11, 11+3=14, 14+3=17, 17+3=20,
20+3=23
Objective Type Questions Ans : 17, 20, 23
8. Variable means that it
a) can take only a few values (ii) 15873 x 7 = 111111
b) has a fixed value 15873 x 14 = 222222
c) can take different values
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d) can take only 8 values 15873 x 21 = 333333
Solution : (Different values will be given fro variables) (7+14) = 21 : (111111+222222 = 333333)
Ans : c) can take different values Ans : 333333
15873 x 7 = 111111
a
9. '6y' means 6 15873 x 21 = 333333
a) 6 + y b) 6 - y c) 6 x y d)
y 15873 x 28 = 444444
Solution : 6y means '6' product 'y' (ie) 6xy
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Ans : 444444
Ans : c) 6 x y
2. Draw the next two patterns and complete the table.
10. Radha is 'x' years of age now. 4 years ago, her age
was.
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a) x - 4 b) 4 - x c) 4 + x d) 4x
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Solution : Radha's age be 'x'
4 years ago (before) her age was 'x-4'
Ans : a) x - 4
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Squares 1 2 3
11. The number of days in 'w' weeks is Circles 3 6 9
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a) 30 + w b) 30w c) 7 + w d) 7w Solution :
Solution : Number of days in 1 week = 7 Fourth pattern : Fifth pattern :
Number of days in 'w' weeks = '7w'
Ans : d) 7w
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12. The value of 'x' in the circle is

a) 6 b) 8 c) 21 d) 22 Pattern 1 st 2 nd 3 rd 4 th 5 th
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Solution : 2+2 = 4
Squares 1 2 3 4 5
4+3 = 7
Circles 3 6 9 12 15
7+4 = 11
11+5 = 16
16+2 = 22 'x' = 22
Ans : d) 22 6 I 5 in 1 E.M. - 13
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Create your own pattern of shapes and prepare a table. (iii)The statements 'x' divided by 3 and 3 divided by 'x'
(i) are the same.
Solution : x divided by 3 =x¸3
(ii)
3 divided by x =3¸x;
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(iii) They are not same Ans : False
(iv) The product of 'q' and 20 is '20q'
(iv) Solution : The product of 'q' and 20 = q x 20 = '20q'
Ans : True
Pattern 1 st 2 nd 3 rd 4 th (v) 7 less to 7 times 'y' is ' 7- 7y'
Circles 1 2 3 4 Solution : The correct answer is '7y - 7'
Triangles 2 4 6 8 Ans : False
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Exercise 2.2 3. Express the following verbal statement to algebraic
statement.
1. Fill in the blanks. (i) 't' is added to 100
(i) The algebraic statement of 'f' decreased by 5 is Solution : 't ' is added to 100 = t + 100 (add = +)
................. Ans : t + 100
a
Solution : (decreases means less. So, 'f - 5') (ii) 4 times 'q'
Ans :f - 5 Solution : 4 times 'q' is = 4 x q (times means product)
(ii) The algebraic statement of 's' divided by 5 is .............. Ans : 4 q
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Ans : s ÷ 5 (or) s / 5 (iii) 8 reduced by 'y'
Solution : 8 reduced by 'y ' = 8 - y (reduced means = -)
(iii) The verbal statement of '2m -10' is ................ Ans : 8 - y
Solution : '2m' means 2 times 'm'. -10 means less 10 (iv) 56 added to 2 times 'x'
So, answer is , Ans : 10 less to 2 times 'm'
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Solution : 56 added to 2 times = 56+2x (added = +;
(iv) If A's age is 'n' years now, 7 years ago A's age was times = x) Ans : 56 + 2 x
..................
I (v) 4 less to 9 times of 'y'

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Solution : age of A is 'n' years. 7 years ago A's age was Solution : 4 less to 9 times of 'y ' = 9y - 4 (less = -;
n - 7 (ago means before) Ans : n - 7 times = x) Ans : 9y- 4
(v) If 'p - 5' gives 12 then 'p' is ............
Solution : P-5 = 12; P = 12+5 = 17 Ans :p = 17 4. Express the following algebraic statement to verbal
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statement.
2. Say True or False. (i) x ÷ 3 Solution : x divided by 3
(i) Ten more to three times 'c' is '3c + 13' (ii) 5n - 12 Solution : 12 less to 5 times n
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Solution : In '3c+3', instead of 13, we should have 10) (iii) 11+10x Solution : 11 added to 10 times x
Ans : False (iv) 70s Solution : Product of 70 and s
(ii) If the cost of 10 rice bags is 't', then the cost of 1
rice bag is ‘t’
10
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Solution : Cost of rice bag = 't'
~ Cost of 1 rice bag = ‘t’

10
Ans : True
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5. The teacher asked two students to write the Objective Type Questions
algebraic statement for the verbal statement '8' more
than a number''. Vetri wrote '8 + x' but Maran wrote '8x' 8. The value of 'y ' in y + 7 = 13 is
Who gave the correct answer? a) y = 5 b) y = 6 c) y = 7 d) y = 8
Solution : Solution : The value of 'y ' in y + 7 = 13
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Verbal statement = '8 more than a number' y = 13-7 = 6 Ans : b) y = 6
Written statement by Vetri = 8 + x
Ans : 8 morethan (+) a number (x) = 8+x 9. 6 less to 'n' gives 8 is represented as
Ans : Hence, Vetri gave correct answer a) n - 6 = 8 b) 6 - n = 8
c) 8 - n = 6 d) n - 8 = 6
6. Answer the following questions. Solution : 6 less to 'n' gives = 8 (less means -, gives
(i) If 'n' takes the value 3 then find the value of ' n+10'? means = ) ~ n-6 = 8 Ans : a) n - 6 = 8
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Solution : Substitute n = 3 , in n +10
n + 10 = 3 + 10 = 13 Ans : 13 10. The value of 'c' for which 3c gives 18 is
4
(ii) If 'g' is equal to 300 what is the value of ' g - 1' and 'g+1'? a) c = 15 b) c = 21 c) c = 24 d) c = 27
6
Solution : Substitute g = 300, in g -1
a
3c 18 x 4
Solution : = 18 ; 3c = 18 x 4 ; c = = 24
g -1 = 300 - 1 = 299 4 31
g+ 1 = 300 + 1 = 301 Ans : g -1=299, g +1 = 301
Ans : c) c = 24
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(ii) What is the vale of 's' if '2s - 6' gives 30 ?
Solution: Given that 2s - 6 = 30 Try these
2s = 30 + 6 S.No. Algebraic statement Verbal statement
2s = 36 1 a+5
s = 18 Ans : s = 18
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2 6z - 1
3 12y
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7. Complete the table and find the value of ‘k’ for which
‘k’ 4 X
gives 5.
3
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‘k’ 3 6 9 12 15 18 Solution:
‘k’ S.No. Algebraic Verbal
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1 2
3 statement statement
Solution : 1 a+5 5 is added with a
' k' 3 6 9 12 15 18 2 6z - 1 1 less to 6 times z
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‘k’ 3 12y Product of 12 and y

3 1 2 3 4 5 6 4 X divided by 6
X
6
Substitute different values ; for ' k'
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(i) If ' k' = 9 Þ 9/3 = 3

(i) If ' k' = 12 Þ 12/3 = 4
(i) If ' k' = 15 Þ 15/3 = 53
(i) If ' k' = 18 Þ 18/3 = 6
and ‘k’ = 5 Ans : ‘k’ = 15
3
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Try these Solution :
S.No. Verbal statement Algebraic statement 1) m = 1; = m+4; =1+4 = 5 ; 5 is not 9 Ans : No.
1 Seven times of 2) 2+4 = 6; It is not 9 Ans : No.
3) m +4= 7; = m =3 ; It is not 9 Ans : No.
'n' minus 5
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4) 4+4 = 8; 8 is not 9 Ans : No.
2 The sum of ' x' and 4
5) m + 4= 9; = 5+4 = 9 (m= 5) ; It is 9 Ans : Yes
3 3 times 'y' is divided by 8
4 11 is multiplied by 'm' Exercise 2.3
Solution : Miscellaneous Practice problems :

S.No. Verbal statement Algebraic statement 1. Complete the following pattern.
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1 Seven times of 9-1 =
98 - 21 =
'n' minus 5 7n - 5 987 - 321 =
2 The sumof 'x' and 4 x+4 9876 - 4321 =
98765 - 54321 =
a
3 3 times 'y' is divided by 4 3y ÷ 8
What comes next?
4 11 is multiplied by 'm' 11 m Solution : LHS RHS
9 1
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Try these. 9 8 2 1
9 8 7 3 2 1
Find the unknown.
9 8 7 6 4 3 2 1
1. 37 + 43 = 43 +
9 8 7 6 5 5 4 3 2 1
2. (22 + 10 ) + 15 = + (10 + 15)
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9 8 7 6 5 4 6 5 4 3 2 1
3. If 7 x 46 = 322 then 46 x 7 = Ans :
Solution :
I 9-1 =8
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1. 37 + 43 = 43 + 37 (Commutative on addition) 98 - 21 = 77
987 - 321 = 666
2. (22 + 10 ) + 15 = 22 + (10 + 15) (Associative on
9876 - 4321 = 5555
addition)
98675 - 54321 = 44444
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3. 7 x 46 = 322 vÅš 46 x 7 = 322 (Commutative on Next following pattern
multiplication) 987654 - 654321 = 333333
Try these. 2. A piece of wire is '12s' cm long. What will be the length
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Find the suitable value of 'm' to get a sum of 9? of the side, if it is formed as
(i) an equilateral triangle. 4s 4s
m m+4 Result Is it 9? Yes / No
Solution : Total length of wire = '12 s' cm 12s
1 ? 5 (i) an equilateral triangle :
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2 2+4 ? In an equilateral triangle all sides are equal 4s

3 ? 7 Sides = 3 ; Total length = 12 s
4 4+4 ? 12s
Length of each side of an equilateral triangle=
5 ? ? 3
Ans : 4s
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Solution : 4. The table given below shows the results of the
(ii) a square matches played by 8 teams in a kabaddi championship
In square all sides are equal. tournament.
sides = 4 12s
Length of each side of a square = = 3s Teams
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4
Ans : 3s
Total Matches played
3. Identify the value of the shapes and figures in the
table given below and verify their addition horizontally
and vertically. Matches won
Matches lost
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Find the value of all the variables in the table given
below.
Ans : Team A : Total =8 5+k=8
a
won = 5 k=8-5
lost = k k=3
Team B : Total =7 6+m=7
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won = 6 m=7-6
lost = m m=1
Team C : Total = n 4+6 =n
the value the value the value won = 4
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Solution : of star of smile of triangle lost =6 n = 10
Given : =8 =7 = 10 Team D : Total =a 7+2 = a
I won = 7
Ist row 8 7
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IInd row 8 8 10 10 = 36 Team E : Total =9 3+b=9
IIIrd row 8 10 7 7 = 32 won = b b = 9 -3
IVth row 8 7 10 7 = 32 lost = 3 b=6
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=32 =32 =34 =32 =130 Team F : Total = 10 6 + c = 10
Hence verified won = 6 c = 10 - 6
lost = c c=4
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Team G : Total =8 4+x=8

won = x \x = 8 - 4
lost = 4 x=4
Team H : Total =y 5 +6 = y
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won = 3
lost = 6 y=9
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Challenging Problems S = 10
5. Gopal is 8 years younger to Karnan. If the sum of their Solution :
ages is 30,how old is Karnan? (ii) No of small squares along breadth
Solution : Let the age of Kanan be 'x' years
Gopal's age ' x- 8' years. Rectangle P Q R S T
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sum of their ages (x) + (x - 8) = 30 Number of small size 2 2 2 2 2
2x - 8 = 30 squares along breadth
2x = 30 + 8 Number of small size 1 4 3 5 x
38 squares along length
x=
2 Total number of squares 2 8 6 10 2x
x = 19
Age of Karnan is = 19 years
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7. Find the variables from the clues given below and
solve the cross-word puzzle.
6. The rectangles made of identical square blocks with
varying lengths but having only two square blocks as
width are given below.
a
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(i) How many small size squares are there in each of the
rectangles P,Q,R and S ?
(ii) Fill in the boxes.
Rectangle
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Number of small size squares
along the breadth
Number of squares along
the length
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Total number of squares in
rectangle
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Solution :
(i) Number of small size squares in rectangle
P =2
Q =8
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R =6
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Across Down (iv) Number of weeks in a year = 52

x + 40 gives 100 x is 1005 multiplied by 6 Reverse = 25 ; z = 25 Ans : z =25
7 reduced from t gives 31 t¸7=5 (v) k = 11 x 4 ; k = 44 Ans : k =44
z is 5 added 5 times p is the predecessor of (vi) u = 23 x 9 = 207 Ans : u =207
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first 3 digit number (vii) a = 4+ (12x5) ; a = 4 + 60 = 64 Ans : a =64
v is the whole number zero z is the number weeks in (vii) m = 9+ 1 = 10 Ans : m =10
plus number of days in a a year (digits reversed)
ordinary year
k is 24 added to 25 k is 11 times 4
u is 2 added to two times 11 u is product of 23 and 9
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gives the number of hours
in a day
a is 20 more to 40 a is 4 added to the
product of 12 and 5
a
s minus 1gives 246 is the m is the successor of 9
number of letters in
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Tamil language
Solution :
Across :
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(i) x + 40 = 100 ; x = 100 - 40 = 60 Ans : x =60
I
(ii) t - 7 = 31 ; t = 31+7 = 38 Ans : t =38
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(iii) z = 5+5+5+5 +5 ; z = 25 Ans : z =25
(iv) v = 0+365 ; v = 365 Ans : v =365
(v) k = 24+ 25 = 49 ; k = 49 Ans : k =49
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(vi) u = 2+2 (11) = ; u = 2+22 = 24 Ans : u =24
(vii) a = 20+40 = 60 ; a = 60 Ans : a =60
(viii) s - 1 = 246 ; s = 246 + 1 = 247 Ans : s =247
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Down :
(i) x = 1005 x 6 ; x = 6030 Ans : x =6030
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t
(ii) = 5 ; t = 35 Ans : t =35
7
(iii) First three digit number = 100
Predecessor of 100 = 100-1 = 99 Ans : p =99
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SELECTION 6 SCIENCE 280 TERM - I 5 in 1 SELECTION 6 SCIENCE 281 TERM - I 5 in 1
SELECTION
4. Choose the correct one
a) km > mm > cm > m b) km > mm > m > cm
c) km > m > cm > mm d) km > cm > m > mm
Ans : c) km > m > cm > mm
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5. While measuring length of an object using a ruler, the
SIXTH STANDARD position of your eye should be
a) Left side of the point
6 SCIENCE b) Vertically above the point where the measurement is to be

taken.
c) Right side of the point
TERM - I
d) Any where according to one's convenience.
Ans : b) Vertically above the point where the
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measurement is to be taken.
PHYSICS
II. True or False.
Unit - 1 Measurements 1. We can say that mass of an object is 126kg.Ans : True
Mindmap 2. Length of one's chest can be measured by using metre
a
scale. Ans : False
3. Ten millimetres makes one centimetre. Ans : True
Mass Volume 4. A hand span is a reliable measure of length.
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SI Unit - Kilogram SI Unit - Litre Ans : False
5. The SI system of units is accepted everywhere in the world.
Ans : True
Measurements
III. Fill up the blanks.
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1. SI unit of length is symbolically represented as ...........
I
Ans : metre
Length
Time 2. 500 gm = ................. kilogram Ans : ½
SI Unit - Metre
wV SI Unit - Second 3. Distance between Delhi and Chennai can be measured in
............. Ans : kilometre
Evaluation 4. 1m = ................. cm Ans : 100
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I. Choose the correct answer. 5. 5km = ................. m Ans : 5000
1. The girth of a tree can be measured by
a) metre scale b)metre rod IV. Analogy.
c) plastic ruler d) measuring tape 1. Sugar : Beam balance ; Lime juice ?
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Ans : d) measuring tape Ans : Measuring Jar

2. The conversion of 7m into cm gives ............. 2. Height of a person : cm ; length of your sharpened pencil
a) 70cm b) 7cm c) 700cm d) 7000cm lead ?
Ans : c) 700cm Ans : mm
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3. Quantity that can be measured is called ............. 3. Milk : volume ; vegetables ?

a) Physical quantity b) Measurement Ans : Mass
c) Unit d) Motion
Ans : b) Measurement
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V. Match the following. 4. __________is the one what a clock reads .
Column A Column B Ans : Time
1. Length of the fore arm Metre 5. __________is the amount of substance present in an object
2. SI unit of length Second Ans : Mass
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3. Nano 10
3 6. __________ can be taken to get the final reading of the
-9 recordings of different of students for a single measurement.
4. SI unit of time 10
Ans : Average
5. Kilo Cubit
Ans : 7. __________is a fundamental quantity.
Ans : Length
Column A Column B
8. __________shows the distance covered by an automobile
1. Length of the fore arm Cubit Ans : Odometer
2. SI unit of length Metre
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-9
9. A tailor use ________to take measurements to stitch a cloth
3. Nano 10 Ans: Tape
4. SI unit of time Second 10. Liquids are measured with this physical quantity
3
5. Kilo 10 Ans : Litre
a
VI. Complete the given table A P L R K
C O E O S
Volume ______________ M K N R I
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___________ kg P R G R T
R H E S T E D L L I T R E D A
Length of your little finger ______________ L T H D H P
___________ km O E O N K E
A M S O R V
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V I E C T O
Ans : E L K E S S
Volume L
I
R L I S T K H
Mass kg A I T I V P
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Length of your little finger cm
G
E
M
Z
X
D E
M
S K P G I
N
W M
U
F
E
Distance km Z D H O D O M E T R
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VII. Arrange in increasing order of unit IX. Answer in a word or two.
1 Metre, 1 centimetre, 1 kilometre, and 1 millimetre. 1. What is the full form of SI system?
Ans : 1 millimetre, 1 centimetre, 1 metre and 1 International system of Units.
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kilometre
2. Name any one instrument used for measuring mass.
VIII. Find the answer for the following questions Beam Balance
within the grid
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-3
1. 10 is one __________ Ans : millimetre 3. Find the odd one out
2. SI Unit of time __________ Ans : second Kilogram, Millimetre, Centimetre, Nanometre
3. Cross view of reading for a measurement leads to ________ Ans : Kilogram
Ans : Error
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4. What is the SI Unit of mass? XI. Solve the following

Kilogram 1. The distance between your school and your house is
2250 m. Express this distance in kilometre.
5. What are the two parts present in a measurement Solution :
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1. Number 2. Unit The distance between school and house = 2250m
1000 metre = 1 kilometre
X. Answer in a sentence or two.
1. Define measurement. 2250 225
= ¾¾¾ = ¾¾ = 2.25
The comparsion of an unknown quantity with some known 1000 100
quantity is known as measurement.
2250 metre = 2.25 kilometre
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2. Define mass.
Mass is the measure of the amount of matter in an object. 2. While measuring the length of a sharpened pencil,
reading of the scale at one end is 2.0 cm and at the
3. The distance between two places is 43.65 km. other end is 12.1 cm. What is the length of the pencil?
Solution :
a
Convert it into metre and cm.
The distance between two places is 43.65 km. Reading of the scale at one end of pencil = 2.0cm
a) Converting into metre : Reading of the scale at the other end of pencil = 12.1cm
Length of the pencil length of the pencil = 12.1 - 2.0 = 10.1
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1 kilometre = 1000 metre
~ 43.65 kilometre = 43.65 x 1000 Length of the pencil = 10.1cm
= 43,650 metre
b) Converting into centimetre: XII. Write in detail
1 metre = 100 centimetre 1. Explain two methods those you can use to measure
w
43650 metre = 43650 x 100 the length of a curved line.
I
= 43,65,000 centimetre Two Methods of measuring Length of a curved line :
i) First Method :
wV Find the length of a curved line using a string :
4. What are the rules to be followed to make accurate
measurement with scale? Materials needed : A meter scale, a measuring tape, a string
1. An object should be placed parallel to the scale. and a sketch pen.
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2. To avoid parallax error our eye must be vertically above Method:
the point, where the measurement has to be taken. • Draw a curved line AB on a piece of paper
3. The head of the measuring object has to coincide with 'o' • Place a string along the curved line. Make sure that the string
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of the scale. covers every bit of the curved line.

4. The measurement has to measure from 'o'. • Mark the points where the curved line begins and ends on the
5. Count the number of centimetre and from there count string.
the number of finer divisions. The count of the division is 'mm'. • Now, stretch the string along the length of a meter scale and
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measure the distance between the two markings of the string.

Note it.
• This will give you the length of a curved line.
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ii) Second Method : Property Definition Basic Instrument

Measuring the length of a curved line using a divider : unit used of
• Draw a curved line AB on a piece of paper measuring
•Separate the legs of thedivider by 0.5 cm or 1 cm using a ruler. Mass Mass is the kilogram Beam balance,
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• Place it on the curved line starting from one end. measure Electronic
• Mark the position of the other end. of the balance
amount of
• Move it along the line again and again cutting the line into matter in an
number of segments of equal lengths. object.
• Theremaining parts of the line can be measured using a scale. The space Litre Measuring Jar
Volume
• Count the number of segments occupied Pipette
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• Therefore, the length of the line = (number of segments × by an
length of each segment) + length of the left over part. object
is called
volume
2. Fill in the following chart.
a
Property Definition Basic Unit Instrument used Time Time is the Second Clock
for measuring interval
between
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Length two
Mass events
Volume
Time
Property Definition
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Basic Unit Instrument used
for measuring
Explanation :
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Length The distance metre measuring tape, 1m = 100cm
between metre scale
1000m = 1000 x 100
one point
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and the = 1,00,000cm
other
desired Numerical Problems :
point is · Look at a meter scale carefully and answer the following:
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called · How many mm are there in a cm?

as Ans : 10mm
length · How many cm are there in a m?
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Ans : 100cm
Complete the following:
Think : Can you convert 1 km in terms of cm ? · 7875 cm = 78 m 75 cm ® 100cm = 1m
1 km = _______ cm Ans : 1,00,000 cm · 1195 m = 1 km 195 m ® 1km = 1000m
· 15 cm 10 mm = 160 mm ® 1cm = 10mm
· 45 km 33 m = 45033 m. ® 1km = 1000m
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IV. Answer in one or two lines :

Additional Questions & Answers 1. What are the devices are used to measure the
I. Choose the best answer. volume of a liquid ?
1. SI unit of Mass Pipettes, Burettes, Measuring jar, Beaker, Conical Flask.
Dika
a) metre b) kilogram c) ampere d) candela
Ans : b) kilogram 2. Why helium balloons fly at high ?
2. 1000 millimetre is Weight of helium is lesser than the weight of air. So helium
a) 10 metre b) 100 metre c) 1000 metre d) 1 metre gas filled balloon flying at high.
Ans : d) 1 metre
3. 1 Kilometre is .............. 3. What is weight ?
a) 1 mm
3 3
b) 10 m c) 1mm
2
d) 1cm
3
Weight is the gravitational pull experienced by matter.
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3
Ans : b) 10 m
4............... is used to count even smaller durations of 4. What are the devices are used to measure the
time. weight ?
a) sun dial b) sand clock Beam balance, Electronic balance, Weight gauge.
a
c) electronic clock d) water clock
Ans : c) electronic clock 5. How can we measure time ?
We can use our pulse to measure 'rough' time.
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II. Fill in the blanks.
2 6. What is odometer ?
1. SI unit of area ................. Ans : m
An odometer is a device used for indicating distance
2. A scale was invented by a ............
travelled by an automobile.
Ans : William Bedwell
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3. The formula to find area .............
7. What is Light Year ?
I
Ans : length x breadth
Light year is the distance travelled by light in one year.
4. Celcius and Fahrenheit are the units of ................
wV Ans : temperature
In the given activity, measure the quantities using
5. 1000 gram is ............ Ans : 1 kilogram
suitable measuring units and express them with
suitable multiple and submultiples.
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III. Match the following.
Picture Activity Measuring Unit Multiple /
1. Kelvin - a) Amount of substance m/kg/s Submultiple
2. metre - b) Temperature
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3. ampere - c) Intensity of light

Length metre millimetre
4. mole - d) Distance
of tip
5. Candela - e) Current of
Ans : pencil
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1. Kelvin - b) Temperature
2. metre - d) Distance Length metre centimetre
3. ampere - e) Current of the
4. mole - a) Amount of substance pen
5. Candela - c) Intensity of light
6 I 5 in 1 E.M. - 19
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Picture Activity Measuring Unit Multiple / Activity : 2

m/kg/s Submultiple Find the length of the banana.
Distance metre kilometre Materials needed : Banana, metre scale, measuring tape,
between string, and pen
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two Procedure :
cities H Place the string on the banana.
H Make sure that the string covers every bit of the banana.
Mass kilogram gram H Mark the points where the banana begins and ends on the
of
string.
dry
H Now, stretch the string along the length of a meterscale and
fruits
in measure the distance between the two markings of the string,
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table note it.
H This will give the length of banana.
Mass kilogram milligram
of
orna
a
ments
Time seconds minutes
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Find the length of a banana.
taken
to
finish
100m
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race
Activity : 1
I
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Height measured by handspan and cubit. Activity : 3
Student 1 Student 2 Student 3 Student 4 Student 5 Construct your own beam balance using two
12 hand 10 hand 11 hand 8 hand 9 hand scrapped coconut shells, strings or twines thick
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span span span span span cardboard as frame and a little sharpened pencil as
Height measured by Scale index needle.
What can you achieve?
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Student 1 Student 2 Student 3 Student 4 Student 5

1. Find which object is heavier
122cm 105 cm 110 cm 83 cm 95cm Sharpener, Eraser
2. Find approximate weight of lighter things
( Examples : leaves, piece of papers, etc)
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Leaves, Piece of Papers
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6 Social science 348 TERM-I 5 in 1 6 Social science 349 TERM-I 5 in 1
d) Both statements and reasons are wrong.
Ans : b) Statement and reason are correct.
2. Statement : The objects used by the early man are

6 Social Science excavated. They are preserved to know the lifestyle of the
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people.
TERM-I Find out which of the following is related to the statement :
a) Museum b) Burial materials
5 in 1 c) Stone tools d) Bones Ans : a) Museum
Unit 1. What is History 3. Find out the wrong pair :

a) Old stone age - Stone tools
Mind Map b) Rock paintings - Walls of the caves
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Source c) Copper plates - A source of history
of History History
Pre-History d) Cats - First domesticated
Ans : d) Cats - First domesticated
a
Archaeological Early History 4. Find out the odd one :
Sources a) Paintings were drawn on rocks and caves.
The Period
between stone b) There were paintings depicting hunting scenes.
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-tools and c) It was drawn to show his family members about
Proto History
writing method hunting.
period
d) The paintings were painted by using many colours.
between
Ans : d) The paintings were painted by using many
Pre History
colours.
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and History
I
III. Fill in the blanks.
1. The Old Stone Age man lived mostly in.........
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Exercises Ans : Caves
I. Choose the correct answer 2. .................is the father of history. Ans :Herodotus
1.What was the step taken by the early man to collect 3. ................ was the first animal tamed by Old Stone Age
his food? man. Ans: Dog
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a) Trade b) Hunting 4. Inscriptions are.................... sources.
c) Painting d) Rearing of animals Ans: archaeological
Ans : b) Hunting 5. Ashoka Chakra has ................... spokes Ans :24
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II. Match the statement with the Reason. Tick the IV. State True or False.
appropriate answer. 1.Stone tools belonging to Old Stone Age have been
1. Statement: Pre historic man went along with the dog excavated at Athtirampakkam near Chennai.
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for hunting. Ans : True

Reason : Dogs with its sniffing power would find out 2.The materials used by the ancient people are preserved
other animals in the museums by the Archaeological Department.
a) Statement is true, but reason is wrong. Ans :True
b) Statement and reason are correct. 3. During the period of Ashoka, Buddhism spread across
c) Statement is wrong, and reason is correct. the country. Ans :True
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V. Match the following: 3. What are the sources available to know about the
a. Rock paintings - Copper Plates pre-hostoric period?
b. Written records - The most famous king Ans : « Stone tools
c. Ashoka - Devaram « excavated materials and
d. Religious Literature- to understand the lifestyle « rock paintings
Dika
Ans :
a. Rock paintings - to understand the lifestyle 4. Mention the places from where we got pre-historic
b. Written records - Copper Plates tools?
c. Ashoka - The most famous king Ans : « Bhimbetka
d. Religious Literature- Devaram « Hunasagi-valley
« Athirampakkam
VI. Answer in one word :
1. Can you say any two advantages of writing diary? 5. What are the benefits of a museum?
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Ans : « We can understand the life style of that period Ans : « Museum is a place there the excavated objects
« And also about the activities from of the particular period. used by the early man are exhibited.
« They are preserved to know the lifestyle of the people.
2. How do we know the people's lifestyle of the Old
a
Stone Age? 6. Name some tools used by early man to hunt animals.
Ans : The lifestyle of the old stone age people can be Ans : Stones, bricks of trees, sharp flakes and animal's
understood from the stone tools, rock paintings, fossils and bones.
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other excavated materials.
7. Why were paintings drawn on rocks?
3. Is inscription a written record? Ans : « The people lived caves, draw paintings in rocks
Ans : Yes, Inscription is a written record. to record their activities.
« Some people stayed back without joining the hunting
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4. What is Proto History? team, for their benefit these rock paintings were drawn.
I
Ans : Proto History is the period between pre-history and « Pictures were drawn as a part of their passtime.
history.
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5. Name an epic? Ans : 1) Pottery and
Ans : Ramayana 2) Stone tools
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VII. Answer the following : VIII. HOTS:
1. What is history? 1. How dogs were useful to pre historic men?
Ans : History is the study of past events in chronological Ans : « There might have been chances of wild animals
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order. entering their caves.

« But, dogs could help them to prevent the entry of such
2. What do you know about the pre historic period?. dangerous animals by its sniffing skill.
Ans : The period between the use of first stone tools and « Hence, they started domesticating dogs for their
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the invention of writing systems is pre - history. protection and hunting activities.
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2. Compare the lifestyle of Old Stone Age man with 3. Identify the category of the following sources of
present day lifestyle. history.
Ans : a) Urns excavated from Adhichanallur
Ans : Artefacts
Lifestyle of Lifestyle of b) Copper plates of velvikudi Ans : Epigraphy
Dika
Old Stone Age Present day c) Mahabharatha Ans :An Epic(Literary source)
1. There was no safe life 1. We are leading safe d) Sanchi Stupa Ans : Memorial monument
e) Pattinappaalai Ans : Literary source
(environment) lived in life.
f) The earthern wares from keezhadi Ans : Artefacts
Caves g) Toys of Indus civilisation Ans : Artefacts
2. Hunted animals for 2. Farming have been h) Big temple of Tanjavur Ans : Memorial monument
food done
3. To protect themselves 3. With modern X. Life Skill.
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from the animals , Old equipments, people living 1. Make some weapon models, used by the Old Stone
Stone Age people used in safe environment. Age man using clay.
stone tools and bones.
a
IX. Student Activity.
1. Write down the important events of your family with
years. Draw a timeline with the help of your teacher or
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with your calssmates.
Ans : Activity has to be done by the students.
2. Early man used stones as a weapon. Make an album

showing the various uses of stone.
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2.Discuss with your grandpa, grandma, neighbours
I
and teachers and collect information about your
street, village, town or school. With that collected
wV data, try to write its history titling your writing as ''I am
a Historian''.
I am a Historian.
Introduction : I am Ramu studying sixth standard in
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sakkimangalam village panchayat school. I am going to
describe about the history of my school.
History of the school:
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One headmaster and one assistant head mistress with

two teachers, sakkimangalam village panchayat school
was started before 50 years by the government. Stage by
stage my village people joined together and provided
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sufficient place for school, water connection facility,

electric facility, sanitation facility etc., and made the
school as modern school.
6 I 5 in 1 E.M. - 23
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At present there are 600 students are studying and 20 XII. Map work
teachers are working in our school. Computer class being Mark the following places in the political map of India.
taught. Apart from that physical education, sewing class a) Delhi, b) Chennai, c) Tamilnadu, d) Andrapradesh,
and meditation training also given to the students. e) Kerala f) Karnataka
Conclusion:
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I am very proud to say I became a historian. Since I
narrate my school history with the points of my
grandmother, grand father, neighbours and my school
teachers.
XI. Answer Grid

Early men scribbled and Name any two Name the types os
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painted on me... Today archaeological literary sources?
they used me to build sources? Ans : Religious
houses and lay roads. Ans : Inscriptions and Literature ,Secular
Who am I? Coins literature and
Ans : Rocks Accounts of foreigners Delhi
a
Expand BC (BCE) What is the meaning Expand AD (CE).
Ans : Before Common of the Greek word Ans : Anno Domini
Era ''Istoria''? (Common Era)
Ans : Learning by
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enquiry
I can help you to talk,

_______ is the study of _______ is the study of see, hear, write and
Inscriptions. Coins read. There is no
Ans : Epigraphy Ans : Numismatics world without me. Who
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am I?
I
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Andhra
Additional questions Pradesh
I. Answer the questions correctly.
Karn
1.What are the sources playing vital role in constructing Chennai
atak
and reconstructing History. A n s :
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a
Inscriptions, monuments, copper plates, accounts of
foreigners and folk tales.
2. Ashoka chakra with 24 spokes in our national flag was
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taken from ............. Ans : Sarnath pillar of Ashoka Tamil Nadu
Kera
3. A comprehensive account of Ashoka was provided by
............. Ans : Charles Allan
la
4. ............. has been derived from the greek word 'Istoria'
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Ans : History
5. The meaning of Dhamma in Prakrit .............
Ans : Path of righteousness
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Unit - 2. Human Evolution III. Find out the Right pair :

a) Australopithecus - Walked on both legs
Mind Map b) Homo habilis - Upright man
c) Homo erectus - Wise man
A mix of d) Homo sapiens - Less protruding face
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Autralopithecus human ape walking
Ans : a) Australopithecus - Walked on both legs
Homohabilis Big toes Hold tightly IV. Fill in the blanks.

1. ............... unearthed the footprints of humans in
Knowledge Straight Tanzania. Ans : Anthropologists
Homo erectus position 2. Millions of years ago, our ancestors led a .............. life.
of fire
Ans : nomadic
3. The main occupations of the ancient humans were
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Neanderthal Crud tools Not fully
human ......... and .................
Ans : hunting and food gathering
Hunting and 4. The invention of....................... made farming easier.
Homosapiens wise
gathering Ans : plough
a
man 5. Rock paintings are found at ................... in Nilgiris.
society
Ans : Karikaiyur
The modern Beginning
Cromagnons
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human of Human life V. State True or False?
1. Anthropology is the study of coins. Ans :False
Exercise 2. Homo erectus (Java man) had the knowledge of fire.
I. Choose the correct answer : Ans : True
1. The process of evolution is ........... 3.The first scientific invention of humans was wheel.
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a) direct b) indirect Ans : True
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c) gradual d) fast 4. Goat was the first animal to be domesticated by humans.
Ans : c) gradual Ans :False
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2. Tanzania is situated in the continent of .........
a) Asia b) Africa VI. Answer in one word :
c) America d) Europe 1. What method is used to find out the age of the
excavated materials?
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Ans : b) Africa
Ans : Radio carbon dating method.
II. Match the statement with the Reason. Tick the
appropriate answer : 2. What did early humans wear?
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1. Statement : Migration of man of different parts of the Ans : « Hides of animals

world resulted in changes of physic and colour. « Basks of trees and leaves
Reason : climatic changes.
a) Statement is correct. 3. Where did early humans live?
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b) Reason is wrong. Ans : Early humans lived in groups in a cave or a mountain

c) Statement and Reason is correct. range.
d) Statement and Reason is wrong.
Ans : c) Statement and Reason is correct. 4. Which animal was used for ploughing?
Ans : Oxen was used for ploughing.
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5. When did humans settle in one place? VIII. Hots.
Ans : When human started farming or agriculture they 1. Importance of invention of wheel from the ancient
settled in one place. period to the modern period.
Ans : Importance of wheels :
VII. Answer the following : a) Ancient period :
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1. What is evolution? Wheels were used for made pottery.
Ans : Human evolution means the process through which Wheels were used in chariots and bullacorts.
the humankind changes and develops towards an b) Modern period :
advanced stage of life. To run bus, car, train wheels are using
To operate machines in the industries wheels are playing
2. Write any two characteristics of Homo sapiens? vital role.
Ans : « Homo sapiens were modern human being Wheelsare using in modern equipments to plough the field.
« Hunting and gathering society. To operate clock wheels are being used.
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« Wise man.
IX. Student Activity.
3. Why did humans move from place to place? Prepare an album collecting the pictures of ancient
Ans : « Once the fertile of the soil decreased and the food humans of different ages.
a
resource got exhausted in one area, they moved to a new
place.
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4. Describe the ancient methods of hunting?
Ans : «They formed group and hunt the prey with
sharpened weapons.
Dig a pit and trap the animals and hunted.
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5. Why were axes made?
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Ans : The axes were made:
« To cut trees
« Remove barks
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« Dig pits
« Hunt animals and
« Remove the skin of animals.
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6. How would you define archaeology?
Ans : Archaeology : is the study of pre historic humans
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remained materials used by pre historic humans.
7. What do you know about anthropology?

Ans : Anthropology : is the study of humans and
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evolutionary history.
The word anthropology is derived from two Greek
words: anthropos meaning ''man'' or ''human''; and logos,
meaning '' thought'' or ''reason''.
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X. Answer Grid : 2. Collect different types of moving dolls and tell them
to change the wheels with different shapes like
The invention of______ Barter system means Name any two weapons square, triangle etc., and find out how it moves.
made pot making easier. ___________ used by early human Ans :
Ans : Exchange of for hunting?
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Ans : Wheel goods without money Ans : Stone tools and
bones. Toys with round shape wheels move fast.
Which is the best stone Town and cities Which was the first
for making weapons? emerged because of Triangle shape wheels in Toys will not
scientific invention of
Ans : Chikki mukki kal ________ and _______
( flint)
humans? rotate.
Ans : Trade, Ans : Wheel
Commerce
Toys with square shape wheels will not
What do cave rotate.
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Identify the pictures in Which was the main paintings tell us?
rock paintings. occupation of early Ans : Past life style
humans? of early human
Ans : Hunting Scene Ans : Hunting
a
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Where did the early _________ is related Name any two animals
humans live? to the field of domesticated by early
Ans : Caves, trees archaeology. human.
and mountain range Ans : Anthropology Ans : Dog and Goat
XI. Life SKILL
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1. Make pots and tools by using clay.
(Student's activity)
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XII. Map work : Additional Questions :
On the outline map of India, mark the following places: 1. The story of human evolution can be studied
1. Adichanallur under..........
2. Attirampakkam Ans : archaeology
3. Bhimbetka 2. Even today............... people have the habit of making
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4. Hunasagi Valley fire without use of match box. Ans : Nilgiris
5. Lothal 3. ............... were used in rock paintings.
Ans : Natural dyes
4. ............... soil is mora suitable for plant growth.
Ans : Alluvial
5. At first, humans were afraid of ............... and ............
. Ans : fire and lightning
6. Evidences are seen at Neanderthal in ...............
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Ans : Germany
7. Homo sapiens moved out of Africa and settled ...............
and ............. Ans : Europe and Asia
8................ habitude to bury the dead.
a
Ans : Cromagnons
Unit 3. Indus Civilization
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MIND MAP
Lothal Bhimbetka
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Indus Civilization
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Harappa Decline of
Hunasagi Valley Civilization Mohenjo - Daro
â
Paleolithic Age â
Brick â
Bronze Age Urban
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mounds Repeated
floods Civilization
â
Athirampakkam â
Urban â
Invasion Drainage system
Civilization
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â â
Adichanallur â
Natural The Great Bath
Metal Age
calamity â
â
Granary system
Bronze Age â
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an epidemic
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Exercises 3. Statement : The engineering skill of Harappans was
remarkable.
I. Choose the correct answer : Reason: Building of docks after a careful study of tides,
1. What metals were known to the people of Indus waves and currents.
Civilization? a) Statement and reason are correct.
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a) Copper, bronze, silver, gold, but not iron b) Statement is wrong.
b) Copper, silver, iron but not bronze c) Statement is correct, but the reason is wrong.
c) Copper, gold, iron but not silver d) Both Statement and reason are wrong.
d) Copper, silver, iron but not gold Ans : a) Statement and reason are correct.
Ans : a) Copper, bronze, silver, gold, but not iron
2. Indus civilization belonged to 4. Which of the following statements about Mohenjo-
a) Old Stone Age b) Medieval Stone Age Daro is correct?
c) New Stone Age d) Metal Age a) Gold ornaments were unknown.
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Éil : d) Metal age b) Houses were made of burnt bricks.
3. River valleys are said to be the cradle of civilisation c) Implements were made of iron.
because d) Great Bath was made water tight with the layers of
a) Soil is very fertile. natural bitumen.
a
b) They experienced good climate. Ans :b) Houses were made of burnt bricks.
c) They are useful for transportation.
d) Many civilizations flourished on river valleys. 5. Consider the following statements.
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Ans : d) Many civilizations flourished on river valleys. 1. Uniformity in layout of town, streets, and brick sizes.
2. An elaborate and well laid out drainage system.
II. Match the statement with the Reason. Tick the 3. Granaries constituted an important part of Harappan
appropriate answer. cities.
1. Statement : Harappan civilization is said to be an urban Which of the above statements are correct?
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civilisation. a) 1 & 2 b) 1 & 3
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Reason: It has well planned cities with advanced c) 2 & 3 d) all the three
drainage system. Ans : d) all the three
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a) Statement and reason are correct.
b) Statement is wrong. 6. Circle the odd one.
c) Statement is correct but the reason is wrong. Oxen, Sheep, Buffaloes, Pigs, Horses
d) Both Statement and reason are wrong.
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Ans: Horses
Ans : a) Statement and reason are correct.
2. Statement : Harappan civilization belongs to Bronze 7. Find out the wrong pair
a) ASI - John Marshall
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Age
Reason: Harappans did not know the use of iron. b) Citadel - Granaries
a) Statement and reason are correct. c) Lothal - dockyard
b) Statement is wrong. d) Harappan civilization - River Cauvery
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c) Statement is correct, but the reason is wrong.

d) Both Statement and reason are wrong. Ans : d) Harappan civilization - River Cauvery
Ans : a) Statement and reason are correct.
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III. Fill in the blanks. 3. Do we have the practice of worshiping animals and
1. ....................is the oldest civilization trees?
Ans : Mesopotamia Ans : Yes, we have the practice of worshipping cows,
2.Archaeological Survey of India was founded by ............. banyan trees and neem trees.
Ans: Alexander Cunningham
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3. ................were used to store grains. 4. River valleys are cradles of civilization. why?
Ans: Granaries Ans : River valleys played a vital role for the growth and
4. Group of people form ........... Ans: Communities flourishment of the civilization.
IV. State True of False : 5. Just because a toy moves doesn't mean its modern.
1. Mehargarh is a Neolithic state. Ans : True What did they use instead of batteries?
2. Archaeological survey of India is responsible for Ans : Indus valley people used cylinders, wheels and
preservation of cultural monuments in the country.
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round shaped objects in the toys instead of batteries.
Ans : True
3. Granaries were used to store grains. Ans : True 6. Dog was the first animal to be tamed. why?
4. The earliest form of writings was developed by Ans : Because dogs could help them to prevent the
Chinese. Ans : False entry of such dangerous animals by its sniffing skill
a
V. Match the following. 7. If you were an archaeologist, what will you do?
a) Mohenjo - Daro - raised platform Ans : I will involved in many new excavations.
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b) Bronze - red quartz stone
c) Citadel - alloy 8. Name any two Indus sites located in the Indian
d) Carnelian - mound of dead border?
Ans : Kalibangan and Lothal
Ans :
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a) Mohenjo - Daro - mound of dead 9. In Indus civilization, which feature you like the
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b) Bronze - alloy most? why?
c) Citadel - raised platform Ans : I like the Great Bath. Because it was the base for
d) Carnelian
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VI. Answer in one or two sentences : 10.Whatinstrumentisused nowadays to weigh things?
1. What are the uses of metal? Ans : Digital Balance
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Ans : Metals are used:
« To make ornaments VII. Answer the following:
« Windows 1.What method is used to explore buried buildings
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« Geometrical instruements nowadays?

« Cooking utensils and Ans : Radio dating method and Aerial photographic
« To make coins. method
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2. Make a list of baked and raw foods that we eat. 2. Why Indus Civilization is called Bronze Age
Ans : a) Boiled food : Idli, Rice, Idiyappam, etc., civilization?
b) Raw food : Guava, Apple, Amla, Cucumber, etc., Ans : Bronze objects (or) things were mainly used by the
Indus people. So this civilization is called as Bronze Age
Civilization.
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6 Social science 368 TERM-I 5 in 1 6 Social science 369 TERM-I 5 in
3. Indus Civilization is called urban civilization. Give Indus area : Cylindrical seals similar to those found in
reasons. Persian Gulf and Mesopotamia have also been found in
Ans : Indus civilization is said to be urban because of the Indus area.
the following reasons: Lothal : A naval dockyard has been discovered in
« Well - conceived town planning. Lothal in Gujarat.
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« Astonishing masonry and architect.
« Priority for hygiene and public health. VIII. HOTS:
« Standardised weights and measures. 1. Observe the following features of Indus Civilization
« Solid agricultural and artisanal base. and compare that with the present day.
a) Lamp post
4. Can you point out the special features of their b) Burnt bricks
drainage system? c) Underground drainage system
Ans : Drainage system: d) Weights and measurement
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« Many of these cities had covered drains. The drains e) Dockyard
were covered with slabs or bricks.
« Each drain had a gentle slope so that water could flow. Indus valley Present Day
« Holes were provided at regular intervals to clear the civilization
a
drains.
1.Stone Lamp posts were 1. From lamp posts are
« House drains passed below many lanes before finally
emptying into the main drains. used in the tallest place built in the tallest place.
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« Every house had its own soak pit, which collected all the 2. Houses were built with 2. Hoses have been
sediments and allowed only the water to flow into the street burnt bricks and mortar. constructed with burnt
drain. bricks and cement.
3. Cities had covered 3. Covered underground
5. What do you know about the Great Bath?
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Ans :The Great Bath: drains drainage system is being
constructed.
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The great bath was a large, rectangular tank in a
courtyard. It may be the earliest example of a water-proof 4. Standardized weights 4. Standardized weights
structure.
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The bath was lined with bricks, coated with plaster and
balance are using now a
made water-tight using layers of natural bitumen.
There were steps on the north and south leading into the sticks with marks to days. Metal scales are
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tank. There were rooms on three sides. measure length. using to measure length.
Water was drawn from the well located in the courtyard 5. A naval dockyard has 5. There is a naval
and drained out after use.
been discovered in Lothal dockyard in Mumbai and
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6. How do you know that Indus people traded with in Gujarat. visakappatinam
other countries?
Ans : There is evidence for extensive maritime trade
2. Agriculture was one of their occupations. How can
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with Mesopotamia:
you prove this? (with the findings)
Mesopotamia : Indus Seals have been found as far as
Mesopotamia (Sumer) which are modern-day Iraq, kuwait Ans :
and parts of Syria. « The remains of wheat, barley, millets, sesame and
Melukha : King Naram-Sin of Akkadian Empire pulses have been found there.
(Sumerian) has written about buying jewellery from the
land of Melukha (a region of the Indus Valley) 6 I 5 in 1 E.M. - 24
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« A granary with walls made of mud bricks, which are still Top to Bottom :
in a good condition, has been discovered in Rakhigarhi, a 1. Director General of ASI Ans : Marshall
village in Haryana. 2. ............. is older than Mohenjo-DaroI Ans : Harappa
3. This is ................ age civilization Ans : Bronze
3. Many pottery and its pieces have been discovered 4. Each house had a ................ Ans : Well
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from Indus sites. What do you know from that? Left to Right :
Ans : « Potteries were red in colour with beautiful designs 5. Place used to store grains Ans : GRANARY
in black. 6. A dockyard has been found Ans : Lothal
« The broken pieces of pottery have animal figures and 7. ............. is unknown to Indus people Ans : Iron
geometric designs on it. 8. It is used to make water tight. Ans : Tar
Right to Left :
4. A naval dockyard has been discovered in Lothal. 9. From this we can get lot of information. Ans : Diary
What does it convey? 10. This is responsible for research Ans : ASI
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« A naval dockyard has been discovered in Lothal in
Gujarat. 2. Rapid Fire Quiz (Do it in groups)
« It shows the maritime activities of the Indus people. 1. Which crop did Indus people use to make clothes?
Ans : Cotton
a
5. Can you guess what happened to the Harappans? 2. Which was the first Indus city discovered?
Ans : Ans : Harappa
Repeated floods 3. Where was Indus civilization?
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Ecological changes Ans : North west of India
Invasions 4. Which animal was used pull carts? Ans : Oxen
Natural calamity 5. Which metal was unknown to Indus people?
Climatic changes Ans : Iron
Deforestation 6. What was used to make pots? Ans : Clay
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An epidemic. 7. Which is considered the largest civilization among four
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ancient civilizations of the world?
IX. Student Activity. Ans : Mesopotamian civilization
Crossword puzzle.
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X. Life skill.
1 M 1. Making an animal or a pot out of clay.
2. Making terracotta toy with movable limbs.
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8 t a r 2 H 3 B
3. Pot painting (with geometric pattern)
5 G r a n a r y 4. Make informational charts and posters.
Ans : Students have to be done the activity by their
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I s 10 A 7 I r o n own.
h a n 4 w
r a i 9 g p z e
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6 l o t h a l
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XII. Answer Grid
XI. Map work:
1. Mark any four Indus sites located within the Indian What did Charles List three things people What else has been
border. Masson see? used which we used found?
today? Ans : Cylindrical seals
2. On the river map of India, colour the places where Ans : Brick mounds Ans : Bricks, Pottery, Ivory scale.
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Indus civilization spread. Wheel.
3. Mark the following places in the given India map :
a) Mohenjo - Daro b) Chanhudaro Can you say three things Which metal was Which is the oldest
unknown to Indus unknown to Indus civilization in the
c) Harappa d) Mehergarh people? people ? world?
e) Lothal Ans : Iron, Palace, Ans : Iron Ans : Mesopotamia
Worship.
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Why dog was the first Who were the first Which institution is
animal to be tamed? people to grow cotton? responsible for
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W E
Ans : Dogs could help Ans : Indus valley archaeological
them to prevent the people. research?
S entry of such Ans : Archaeological
Indus sites in Indian borders dangerous animals by survey of India.
Indus sites its sniffing skills.
a
Harappa
Was there any river Name any two Can we say the Indus
Mehergarh Kalibangan valley civilization found Harappan sites which cities as cities of
in Tamil nadu? were found in Indian children?
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Ans : No border? Ans : Yes. Because
Mohenjo - Daro Ans : Lothal, they made various
Kalibangan types of toys using
terracotta like carts,
cows with movable
heads and limbs, clay
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balls, tiny doll, a small
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Lothal clay monkey, squirrels
eating a nut, clay dogs
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have been found.
Additional Questions:
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I. Answer the questions correctly.
1. The headquarters of ASI is located in ...........
Ans : New Delhi
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2. ........... is a unique feature of the Indus civilization.

Ans : Town planning
3. The word 'civilization' derived from the ancient Latin word
civis, means........... Ans : city
4. ........... was the first metal discovered and used by
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humans. Ans : Copper

5. The earliest form of writing was developed by ...........
Ans : Sumerians
6. ........... declared Mohenjo-Daro archaeological site as
a world heritage site. Ans : UNESCO
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7. ........... built the Great Pyramid of Giza. 4. Water management system of Tamils are known
Ans : Pharaoh Khufu from
8. Mesopotamian built ziggurat temple in Honour of the a) Kallanai
........... Ans : Moon God sin b) Tanks in Kancheepuram
c) Prakirama Pandyan Tank
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Unit -4. Ancient Cities of Tamilagam d) River Cauvery
a) is correct b) is correct
Mind Map c) is correct d) a and b are correct.
Ans : d) a and b are correct.
Ancient Cities of Tamilagam 5. Which is not the oldest city among the following
ones?
a) Madurai b) Kancheepuram
c) Poompuhar d) Chennai
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Kanchi
Poompuhar Madurai â Ans : d) Chennai
â â Educational 6. Which city is related to keezhadi excavation?
Kovalan, Kannagi Tamil Sangam centre a) Madurai b) Kancheepuram
â â â c) Poompuhar d) Harappa
a
Bay of Bengal Thoonga Nagaram Temple city Ans : a) Madurai
â â â
Mayiladuthurai Naalangadi Kalidasa II. Tick the appropriate answer. Match the Statement
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â â â with the Reason :
Silapathikaram Allangadi District of 1. Statement : Goods were imported and exported from
Lakes the city Poompuhar.
Reason: Bay of Bengal was suitable for trading with
Exercises neighbouring countries.
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a) Statement is correct, but reason is wrong.
I. Choose the correct answer.
I
b) Statement and its reason are correct.
1. Which of the following region has a city more than c) Statement is wrong, but the reason is correct.
6500 years old?
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a) Iraq b) Indus Valley Ans :b) Statement and its reason are correct.
c) Tamilagam d) Thondaimandalam
Ans : a) Iraq 2. a) Thirunavukkarasar said, ''Kalviyil Karaillatha''.
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2. Which one of the following is a Tamil city? This statement is refers to the city Kancheepuram
a) Iraq b) Harappa b) Hieun Tsang said, '' Kancheepuram is one among the
c) Mohenjo-Daro d) Kancheepuram seven-sacred places of India''.
Ans : d) Kancheepuram
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c) Kalidasa said, ''Kancheepuram is the best city

3. Which city is not related to the Bay of Bengal? among the cities''.
a) Poompuhar b) Thondi a) only a is correct b) only b is correct
c) Korkai d) Kancheepuram c) only c is correct d) All are correct
Ans : d) Kancheepuram
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Ans : d) All are correct
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3. Find out the correct statement. 4. Bodhi Dharmar belonged to Kancheepuram
a) Naalangadi - Night shop Ans : True
b) Allangadi - Day-time shop
c) Ancient Roman coin factory was found at Poompuhar. V. Answer in one word :
d) Pearls were exported from Uvari near Korkai. 1. What do you know about the term 'export'?
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Ans:d) Pearls were exported from Uvari near Korkai. Ans : Send goods are services to another country for
sale is called 'export'
4. Find out the wrong statement.
a) Megasthanese has mentioned Madurai in his 2. Mention the epic and the sangam poem you read in
account. this lesson.
b) Hien Tsang came to the Tamil city of Kancheepuram. Ans : a) Epic : Silappathikaram
c) Kovalan and Kannagi lived in Kancheepuram. b) Sangam poem : Pattinappalai
d) Iraq is mentioned in Pattinapalai.
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Ans :c) Kovalan and Kannagi lived in 3. Which is the oldest city in Thondai Nadu?
Kancheepuram. Ans : Kancheepuram
5. Find out the correct pair. 4. Point out any one difference between a village and a
a
a) Koodal Nagar - Poompuhar city.
b) Thoonga Nagaram - Harappa Ans : Village : A village is a small group of settlements
c) City of Education - Madurai found in rural areas.
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d) City of Temples - Kancheepuram City : A city has a large land area in urban centres.
Ans : d) City of Temples - Kancheepuram
5.Which civilization is associated with the city Lothal?
6. Find out the wrong pair. Ans : Indus Civilization
a) Vadamalai - Gold
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b) Western Ghats - Sandal 6. Name the oldest civilization of the word?
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c) Southern Sea - Pearls Ans : Mesopotamia
d) Eastern Sea - Ahil
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1. Write a brief note on ancient cities of India.
III. Fill in the blanks. Ans : 1. Harappa and 2.Mohenjo - Daro
1. Kanchi Kailasanathar temple was built by .............
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Ans : Raja Simha 2. Mention the ancient cities of Tamil Nadu.
2. ............ is known as the city of temples. Ans : 1. Poompuhar, 2. Madurai and 3. Kanchi
Ans : Kancheepuram
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3.Masathuvan means.......... Ans :Big traders 3. Discuss the sources available to know about Tamil
cities.
IV. State True or False : Ans : Poompuhar :
1. Cultural relationship with the outside world developed « Sangam Literature - Pattinappalai
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in Poompuhar because of its trade relationship with it. « Tamil Epics - Silappathikaram and
Ans : True Manimekalai
2. Women also purchased from Allangadi of Madurai Madurai :
without fear. Ans : True « Accounts fo the Greek historian Megasthanese
3. Many rock cut temples were made during the Pallava « Arthasastra
period. Ans : True
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Kanchi : 2. Write a paragraph about the city Poompuhar with
« Kalidasa says special reference to trade.
« Praises of Thirunavukarasar Ans : Port Town : « Poompuhar ports were established
« Remarks of Hiuen Tsang for facilitating maritime trade.
« Numerous merchants from foreign countries such as
Dika
4. Write about the kings who ruled Madurai. Greece and Rome landed at Poompuhar.
Ans : « Pandyas, the Cholas and later the Kalabras ruled Cultural Exchange: « This enabled the natives to learn
Madurai in the ancient period foreign languages for communication. Similarly, the
« During medieval times, later Cholas and later Pandyas foreigners also learnt Tamil to communicate with the
followed by the Nayaks ruled this historic town. natives. This contact facilitated not only exchange of goods
but also languages and ideas resulting in cultural blending.
5. Mention the other names of Madurai. Fair price : « Poompuhar traders sold goods at legitimate
Ans : « '' Sangam Valartha Nagaram'' prices.
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« ''Thoonga Nagaram'' Export and Import : « Horses were imported by sea.
« '' Trading Town'' Pepper was procured through the land route. Gold that
came from Vadamalai was polished and exported to the
6. What is the difference between Naalangadi and overseas countries. Sandal from Western Ghats, pearsl
a
Allangadi. from southern sea, corals from eastern sea and food items
Ans : « Naalangadi - Day Market. from Eelam were imported.
« Allangadi - Evening Market
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3. Write about the accounts given by scholars about
7.Name the scholarswho were born at Kancheepuram ? Kanchi.
Ans : « Dharmabalar Ans : « Poet Kalidasa says, ''Kanchi is the best of the
« Jothibalar towns''. Tamil poet saint Thirunavukarasar praises Kanchi
« Sumathi as ''Kalviyil Karaiilatha Kanchi''.
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« Bodhi Dharmar « Hieun Tsang remarked that Kanchi can be counted as
I
one among the seven sacred places like Bodh Gaya and
8. Which is known as city of lakesh? why? Sanchi.
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Ans : Kanchi came to be known as the district of lakes.
Because, hundreds of lakes were created for storing water 4. City of temples. Give short notes.
around the town of Kanchi. Ans : « Kanchi is also known as the temple city. The
famous temple of great architectural beauty, Kailasanathar
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VII. HOTS : temple, was built by later Pallava King Rajasimha at
1. Write a short note on Iraq. Kanchi.
Ans : « Mesopotamia refers to the modern day Iraq. « During the Pallava period, a large number of cave
://A
« Mesopotamian civilization was the river valley temples were built.

civilization. « Hieun Tsang remarked that Kanchi can be counted as
« Earliest civilization is the earliest civilization in the one among the seven sacred places like Bodh Gaya and
world. Sanchi.
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« There is a evidence for extensive maritime trade

between Iraq and Tamilnadu.
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5. Kancheepuram was famous for education. Prove
this statement.
Ans : « Several schools were established in great
numbers for the first time in Kancheepuram. Jains studied
in Jainapalli, and Buddhists studied in Viharas.
Dika
« The Chinese traveller Hieun Tsang who studied at
Nalanda University visited Kanchi 'Kadigai' to pursue his
further studies.
« Poet Kalidass says, ''Kanchi is the best of the towns''. 2. Poompuhar was famous for trading activities.
« Tamil poet saint Thirunavukarasar praises Kanchi as Discuss.
''Kalviyil Karaiilatha Kanchi''. Ans : Hari : How Parts were established?
Kavitha: For facilitating maritime trade
VIII. Students Activity: Laxan : Poompuhar is one such historic port.
Alv
1. Make an album about Keezhadi excavations. Arjun: Numerous merchants from foreign countries such
Keezhadi near Madurai, Tamilnadu. as Greece and Rome landed at Poompuhar.
Keezhadi is located near Silaimaan east of Madurai, on Sindhuja : Due to busy and continuous trade, many of
the highway to Rameswaram. In a large coconut garden, them stayed in Poompuhar.
a
called Pallichandai Tidal, the Archaeological survey of Manoj : There are evidence of foreigner's settlements in
India excavated an ancient town dating to the Sangam the town.
Age. Archaeological excavations have produced evidence Naran : This enabled the natives to learn foreign
.Kk
for brick buildings, drainage. Tamil-Brahmi inscription on languages for communication.
pottery, beads of glass, carnelian and quartz, pearl, iron Padma : Foreigners also learnt Tamil to communicate with
objects, games pieces, and antimony rods. Further the natives.
excavation may shed light on the nature of the craft Venba : This contact facilitated not only exchange of goods
production and cultural activities undertaken at this but also languages and ideas resulting in cultural blending.
w
settlement. Surya : Poompuhar merchants sold goods at legitimate
I
prices. ''Selling any commodity at higher price was
considered bad''.
wV Tamil selvi : Horses were imported by sea, Pepper
through land route, Gold from Vadamalai; Sandal from
western Ghats, Pearls from Southern sea, Corals from
Eastern sea and food items from Eelam were imported.
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3. Collect the pictures of Pallava temple architecture.
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Pancha Pandava's Vaikunda Perumal Mahabalipuram

Ratha Temple Seashore temple
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X. Map work.
4. Prepare a booklet describing the famous lakes of
Mark the following places in a South India map.
Tamil Nadu.
a) Chennai e) Arabian Sea
Ans : : Chembarambakkam lakh, Sholavaram lakh,
b) Madurai f) Bay of Bengal
Veeranam lakh, Pulicat lakh, Puzhal aeri, Porur lakh,
c) Kancheepuram g) Indian Ocean
Dika
Ambattur lake etc.,
d) Poompuhar
5. Make a booklet about the famous cities of Tamil
Nadu.
Ans : Chennai, Madurai, Coimbatore, Thanjavur,
Rameshwaram, Kanchipuram etc.,
6. Go to library and find out the places of importance
Alv
in your district.
Ans : Students activity.
IX. Answer Grid :
a
Poompuhar was located Name the ancient city Name a Sangam literary
on which river bank? which had Tamil work.
Ans : Cauvery Sangam? Ans : Pattinappalai
Ans : Madurai
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Which Greek historian To which Tamil Kingdom Name the Chinese Chennai
gave accounts about did the southern traveller who stayed Kancheepuram
the Pandya kingdom? districts of Tamil Nadu and studied in Nalanda
Ans : Megasthanese belong to during the University?
w
Sangam Age? Ans : Hieun Tsang
Ans : Pandyan
Thirunavukarasar
IWhat is the name of Name the temple built Poompuhar

mentioned Kanchi as
___________
wV evening market during
the Sangam Age?
by Pallava king
Rajasimha at Kanchi?
Ans : Kalviyil Ans : Allangadi Ans : Kailasanathar
karaiillatha Kanchi temple. Arabian Sea Madurai Bay of Bengal
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Which district is known What is trade? Name a port located
as the district of lakes? Ans : The action of on the shore of Bay of
Ans : Kanchi buying and selling Bengal
goods and services. Ans : Poompuhar.
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Indian Ocean
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6 Social science 384 TERM-I 5 in 1
Additional Questions :
1. Poompuhar was also known as ..............
Ans : Kaveripoompattinam
2. ..............states that ''selling any commodity at a higher
Dika
price was considered bad''. Ans : Pattinappaalai
3. Jains studied in .............. Ans : Jainapalli
4. Buddhist studied in .............. Ans : Viharas
5. The Buddhist monk ............. spent the last part of her life
at Kanchi. Ans : Manimekalai
6. ..............was a port. Ans : Poompuhar
7. ..............was a trading town Ans : Madurai
8. ..............was an educational centre.Ans : Kanchi
Alv
9. Pandya Nadu .............. Ans : Muthudaithu
10. Chola Nadu .............. Ans : Sorudaithu
a
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SIXTH STANDARD 1. jÄœ¤nj‹ 1.1 ï‹g¤jÄœ *

6 1.4 fdî gÈ¤jJ

Publishers: SI.No. UNIT TOPIC PAGE NO

15, PUDHUMANDAPAM MADURAI - 625001.

Supplementary The Apple Tree and

wI 6. Health and Hygiene

3. Indus Civilisation 363

1. The Universe and Solar System 385

3. m‹ãyh® všyh« jk¡FÇa® m‹òilah®

4. ïÅa csthf ï‹dhj Twš

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TERM - I Éil : M) jÄbH§fŸ

1. V‰w¤ jhœt‰w .......... mika nt©L«.

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beŒÆš tW¤j KªâÇ nghy

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ghlÈš Tw¥g£LŸsJ. m¿tH»

bfhL¡f¥g£LŸs kh¤âiu msî¡nf‰g¢brh‰fis

3. bkŒ vG¤J¡fË‹ v©Â¡if............ fh¡if¢ áw»Åny eªjyhyh

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m©zh jiyikÆš ghuh£L ÉHh el¤j¥g£L òu£á¡fÉ

« Turtle belongs to reptile family. Extra questions :

cavity - a hollow space eaten by men and animals.

5. What determines the sex of the embryo? SYNONYMS :

GLOSSARY : READ AND UNDERSTAND :

1. Marine - To learn about marine animals is

I at 10 p.m at 10 a.m ü PICTO GRAMMAR :

to report the escape of the The SUBJECT of a sentence is The PREDICATE of a

human beings also.

5. Why does he welcome little fishes? Payal was upset

Ans : Payal and her mother wanted to bury Owlie

2. What did Owlie do then?

3. What did Payal learn from Owlie’s pretence?

Exercise- 2.1 Squares 1 2 3 4 5

Number of students in a group = 5

6. Arivazhagan is 30 years younger to his father. Write

12. The value of 'x' in the circle is

I (v) 4 less to 9 times of 'y'

Solution : Cost of rice bag = 't'

~ Cost of 1 rice bag = ‘t’

‘k’ 3 12y Product of 12 and y

(i) If ' k' = 9 Þ 9/3 = 3

Solution : Miscellaneous Practice problems :

2 2+4 ? In an equilateral triangle all sides are equal 4s

Team G : Total =8 4+x=8

Across Down (iv) Number of weeks in a year = 52

6 SCIENCE b) Vertically above the point where the measurement is to be

Ans : d) measuring tape Ans : Measuring Jar

3. Quantity that can be measured is called ............. 3. Milk : volume ; vegetables ?

4. What is the SI Unit of mass? XI. Solve the following