PRE-BOARD EXAMINATION [2020-21] SET-C

CLASS XII
SUBJECT: --- PHYSICS MAXIMUMMARKS:70
TIME: --3 HOURS
GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS
(1) All questions are compulsory. There are 33 questions in all.
(2) This question paper has five sections: Section A. Section B, Section C, Section D,
SectionE.
(3) Section A contains ten very short answer questions and four assertion reasoning MCQs
of 1 mark each, Section C contains nine short answer questions of 2 marks each, section
D contains five short answer questions of 3 marks each and Section E contains three
long answer questions of 5 marks each.
(4) There is no overall choice. However internal choice is provided. You have to attempt
only one of the choices in such questions.
SECTION ----A
All questions are compulsory. In case of internal choices, attempt any one.
Q .1 What is the electric flux through a cube of side 1 cm which encloses an electric dipole?
[1]
Q.2 Draw a sketch of a plane e.m wave propagating along X – axis depicting the directions
of the oscillating electric and magnetic fields.
OR
Arrange the following e.m waves in order of increasing frequency:
Gamma rays,microwaves, infrared rays and ultraviolet rays. [1]
Q .3 Define one tesla using the expression for the magnetic force acting on a particle of
charge ‘q’ moving with velocity v in a magnetic field B. [1]
Q.4 An alternating voltage given by V =70 sin 100 πt is connected across a pure resistor of
25 Ω. Find the rms current through the resistor?
OR
A circular loop is moved through the region of uniform magnetic field.

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 Find the direction of induced current (clockwise or anticlockwise) when the loop
moves. (i)into the field (ii)out of the field. [1]
Q .5 Find the ratio of radii of the orbits corresponding to first excited state and ground state
in a hydrogen atom? [1]
Q .6 An α- particle and a proton are accelerated from rest by the same potential. Find
The ratio of their de Broglie wavelengths. [1]
Q .7 Write two characteristic features of nuclear force.
OR
If both the number of protons and the number of neutrons are conserved in each nuclear
reaction, in what way is the mass conserved into energy?Explain. [1]
Q .8 Why photodiodes are required to operate in reverse bias?Explain.
OR
What happens to the width of depletion layer of a p- n junction when it is (i) forward
biased (ii) reverse biased? [1]
Q .9 A convex lens of focal length 𝑓1 is kept in contact with a concave lens of focal length 𝑓2
.Find the focal length of the combination . [1]
Q .10 Show variation of resistivity of copper as a function of temperature in a graph. [1]

For question numbers 11,12,13, 14 two statements are given – one labelled
Assertion (A) and the other labelled Reason(R). Select the correct answer to these
questions from the codes (a), (b), (c),(d) as given below.
(a)Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b)) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c)A is true but R is false
(d) A is false and R is also false.
Q .11 Assertion (A): -For practical purposes the earth is used as zero potential in electric
circuits.
REASON (R): -The electric potential of a sphere of radius R with charge Q uniformly
distributed on the surface is given by Q /4𝜋𝜖 R [1]
Q .12 Assertion (A): -Magnetic field is not associated with a stationary charge.
REASON (R): -A magnetic field can be detected by means of its effect on a current
carrying conductor. [1]
Q 13 Assertion (A): -Energy is created during constructive interference and it is destroyed
during destructive interference.

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 REASON(R): - Because in constructive interference the fringes are bright and in
destructive interference the fringes are dark. [1]
Q .14 Assertion (A): -In optical fibre, the diameter of core is very small.
REASON(R): -The smaller diameter of the core ensures that the fibre should bare
inside it an angle greater than critical angle needed for T. I.R. [1]

SECTION-----D
Question 15 and 16 are case study-based questions and are compulsory. Attempt any 4
sub parts from each question. Each question carries 1 mark.

Q .15 WHEATSTONE BRIDGE

It is an electrical circuit used to measure an unknown electrical resistance by balancing
two legs of a bridge circuit, one leg of which includes the unknown component. The
primary benefit of the circuit is its ability to provide extremely accurate measurements
(in contrast with something like a simple voltage divider.) Itsoperation is similar to the

originalpotentiometer .
(i)Wheatstone bridge is a ------
(a)a.c . bridge
(b) d.c. bridge
(c) high voltage bridge
(d) power dissipation bridge
(ii)Wheatstone bridge is used to measure resistance in the range of ------
(a)1Ωto a few megaohms
(b)10Ωto a few mega ohms
(c)100MΩ to a few giga-ohm’s
(d)100 Ω to a few terohms.

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 (iii)Wheatstone bridge is used to measure the d.c. resistance of varius types of wires for
------.
(a)determining their effective resistance
(b)computing the power dissipation
(c)quality control of wire
(d)maintaining a source of constant e.m.f
(iv)Telephone companies make use of the Wheatstone bridge for ------
(a)measuring the telephone resistance
(b)computing the line strength
(c) open circuit and short circuit
(d)locating the cable faults
(v)The types of faults in a telephone line are -----
(a)line to line or line to ground
(b) triple line to line or line to ground
(c) open circuit and short circuit
(d) symmetrical and unsymmetrical.
Q .16 Double slit Experiment
It is a demonstration that light and matter can display characteristics of both classically
defined waves and particles,moreover, it displays the fundamentallyprobabilistic nature
of quantum mechanical phenomena. This type of experiment was first performed, using
light, by Thomas Young in 1801, as a demonstration of the wave behaviour of light. At
the time it was thought that light consisted of either waves or particles. With the
beginning of modern physics, about a hundred years later , it was realised that light
could in fact show behaviour characteristic of both waves and particles .

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(i)What kind of sources are required for Young’s Double – slit experiment?
(a)coherent
(b) incoherent
(c) intense
(d) Bright
(ii) In Young’s Double slit experiment, if instead of monochromatic light white light is
used, what would be the observation?
(a)The pattern will not be visible
(b) The shape of the pattern will change from hyperbolic to circular
(c) Coloured fringes will be observed with a white bright fringe at the centre (d)The
bright and dark fringes will change position.
(iii) If the distance between the two slits is doubled, the fringe width -----.
(a)doubles
(b) halves
(c) four times
(d) remains same
(iv)What change is observed when the whole pattern is immersed in water?

(a) Fringe width decreases

(b) fringe width increases

(c)coloured fringes

(d)The bright and dark fringes will change position.

(v)In YDS,the width of the fringes obtained from a light of wavelength 500 nm is

3.6 mm.What is the fringe width when the apparatus is immersed in a liquid of
refractive index 1.2 ?

(a) 2 mm

(b) 2.6 mm

(c) 3 mm

(d) 3.2 mm

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 SECTION----C
All questions are compulsory. In case of internal choices, attempt any one.
Q .17 Find out the expression for the magnetic field due to a long solenoid carrying a current I
and having n number of turns per unit length? [2]
Q .18 A monochromatic light of wavelength 500 nm is incident normally on a single slit of
width 0.2 mm to produce a diffraction pattern.Find the angular width of the central
maximum obtained on the screen.
Estimate the number of fringes obtained in Young ‘s double slit experiment with fringe
width 0.5 mm, which can be accommodated within the region of total angular spread of
thee central maximum due to single slit.
OR
Draw a graph showing the intensity distribution of fringes due to diffraction at single
slit. [2]
Q .19 Write two properties by which electric potential is related to the electric field.
OR
Draw equipotential surfaces:
(I)In the case of a single point charge

(ii)in a constant electric field in Z – direction. [2]

Q .20 Write two points of difference between intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors. [2]

Q .21 A neutron, an electron and an alpha particle moving with equal velocities , enter a
uniform magnetic field going into the plane of the paper as shown .Trace their paths in

the field and justify your answer . [2]

Q .22 Trace the path of ray of light passing through a glass prism (ABC) as shown in the

figure.
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 If the refractive index of glass is √3, find out the value of the angle of emergence from
the prism. [2]

Q .23 How does a light emitting diode (LED)work? Give two advantages of LED over

the conventional incandescent lamps. [2]

Q .24 (i)Name the three elements of the Earth’s magnetic field.

(ii)Where on the surface of the Earth is the vertical component of the Earth’s magnetic
field is zero. [2]

Q .25 The radii of curvature of the faces of a double convex lens are 10 cm and 15 cm.If focal
length of the lens is 12 cm, find the refractive index of the material of the lens.
[2]

SECTION ----D

All the questions are compulsory. In case of internal choices, attempt any one.
Q .26 A square loop MNOP of side 20 cm is placed horizontally in a uniform magnetic field
acting vertically downwards as shown in the figure. The loop is pulled with a
constantvelocity of 20 cm /s till it goes out of the field.

(i)Depict the direction of the induced current in the loop as it goes out of the field. for
how long would the current in the loop persist?

(ii)Plot a graph showing the variation of magnetic flux and induced emf as a function of
time. [3]

Q .27 Write any two factors on which internal resistance of a cell depends. The reading on a
high resistance voltmeter, when a cell is connected across it , is 2.2 V .When the
terminals of the cell are also connected to a resistance of 5 ohm as shown in the circuit
, the voltmeter reading drops to 1.8 V .Find the internal resistance of the cell .

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 OR

(i)A cell of emf E and internal resistance r is connected across a variable load resistor
R. Draw the plots of the terminal voltage V versus (a)R and (b) the current I .

(II) It is found that when R = 4 ohm, the current is 1 A and when R is increased to 9
ohms, the current reduces to 0.5 A.Find the values of the emf E and internal resistance
r. [3]

Q .28 Define the term (i) cut – off voltage and (ii)threshold frequency, in relation to the
phenomenon of photoelectric effect.

Using Einstein’s photoelectric equation show how the cut -off voltage and threshold
frequency for a given photosensitive material can be determined with the help of a
suitable graph.

OR

(a)The energy levels of a hypothetical hydrogen like atom are shown in the figure.

Find out transition, from the ones shown in the figure, which will result in the emission
of a photon of wavelength 275 nm.

(b)Which of these transitions corresponds to the emission of radiation of (i)maximum

and (ii)minimum wave length. [3]

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Q .29 (a)Define SI unit of current in terms of the force between two parallel current carrying
conductors.

(b)Two long straight parallel conductors carrying steady currents 𝐼𝑎 and𝐼𝑏 along the
same direction are separated by a distance d.How does one explain the force of
attraction between them? If a third conductor carrying a current 𝐼𝑐 in the opposite
direction is placed just in the middle of these conductors, find the resultant force acting
on the third conductor. [3]

Q .30 Distinguish between nuclear fission and fusion. Show how in both these processes
energy is released.

Calculate the energy release inMeV in the deuterium – tritium fusion reaction:

2
1𝐻 + 31𝐻 --------- 42𝐻𝑒 +n

Using the data: m( 21𝐻 )=2.014102 u , m( 31𝐻 ) = 3.016049 u ,m ( 42𝐻𝑒 ) = 4.002603 u ,

m ( n) =1.008665 u ,1 u = 931 . 5 MeV /𝑐 2 . [3]
SECTION ----E
All questions are compulsory. In case of internal choices, attempt any one.
Q .31 Define electric flux. Write its SI unit.

Using Gauss ‘s law, deduce an expression for electric field intensity due to an infinitely
long straight uniformly charged wire.

OR

(a) Derive an expression for the electric field E due to a dipole of length 2a at a point
distance r from the centre of the dipole on the axial line.
(b) Draw a graph of E versus r for r >>>a.
(c) If this dipole were kept in a uniform external electric field E, diagrammatically
represent the position of the dipole in stable and unstable equilibrium and write the
expressions for the torque acting on the dipole in both the cases. [5]

Q .32 (a)Draw the diagram of a device which is used to decrease high a.c . voltage into a low
a.c. voltage and state its working principle. Write four sources of energy loss in this
device.

(b)A small town with a demand of 1200 kW of electric power at 220 V is situated 20
km away from an electric plant generating power at 440 V. The resistance of the two-
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 wire line carrying power is 0.5 W per km. The town gets the power from the line
through a 4000 – 220 V step -down transformer at a sub – station in the town. Estimate
the line power loss in the form of heat.

OR

A device connected across an ac source of voltage V = 𝑉0 sin wt . The current through X

is given as I = 𝐼0 sin ( wt +𝜋/2 ) .

(a)Identify the device X and write the expression for its reactance.

(b)Draw graphs showing variation of voltage and current with time over one cycle of
ac, for X.

(c) How does the reactance of the device X vary with frequency of the ac?

Show this variation graphically.

(d) Draw the phasor diagram for the device X. [5]

Q .33 (a)Draw a labelled ray diagram of a refraction type telescope in normal adjustment.

(b) Give its two shortcomings over reflection type telescope.

(c)why is eyepiece of a telescope of short focal length, while objective is of large focal
length?Explain.

OR

(a)A point object is placed on the principal axis of a convex spherical surface of radius
of curvature R, which separates the two media of refractive indices𝑛1

𝑛2 (𝑛1 <𝑛2 ).Draw the ray diagram and deduce the relation between the object distance
u, image distance v and the radius of curvature R for refraction to take place at the
convex spherical surface from rarer to denser medium.

(b)A conversing lens has a focal length of 20 cm in air. It is made of a material of

refractive index 1.6. If it is immersed in a liquid of refractive index 1.3, find its new
focal length. [5]

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