21/May OOP with C++

it Beginning uwith Ch nd, its teariues]

in engLly 1980s
tuaD deueloror. by Dinouane StBUAtuup
C++ iD a akjoct 0Puantod Jnngungo. but snet s puo1a O0
Jonqunge [Because we con deuelep C ctyle progruns using C+
C++ D o o tondion
tuppeutn bottom up. oljort eiontosl donign.
Heplication of Ctt
i n g Ct+ wwe can dauelsp edlitun, conpilauD, dataUaaeD
cSULNiLation a t a any complarc sonl lijo appliration
J Uaing Ctt we tan dovolep 0o Jibsaion ane Marina
Jbuel p9UDgSamD.

St uetuge Ot Ctt paogeam

Ct+ headers KiostTEan
Class efination.
Unit 2
Menber tunction detination #include < iostaeam
Main func tion.
Using name sPace stcb
int mea inC)

#include <ióstream int a,b Sum

two no.:
COut < " Enten
using nasmespace sto cin >>CL
0 t main Cin b
SUM atD;
cout < "Hello usgld"<<enddl: COut "Sum is < sum <s encil

getuen Op: Tetuon O;

Ope s a t o

uA@a
inaetion /put
inae9ution /putlo"C<<)
Atatamant hat
in the SuAut
cout
Hiad Juben oncsuartior/et From
Jntment
cin JD tha input opartabC )
tnACoda sarde cout
with
with

Jho < Ad. >> tns a cout < SUm is Coutsum

cin >aa Cin > a >>b; c out Sum;
cin> b is <sum
29/May
Basic datd. types
16uilt-in ypes
int,cha, tloab, double, uoid doesnt
functions
1S a deturn type.it
oetuon anth0g
Use-defined Ty Pes
stmuctuTE, Ve UNion and clhDD,

3 Denived. types
a Oy, tunction, pointes, sekesgenee
in
oules hat ane apliacble fo naming a vagia ble
Variables
Vagiables a
e also agelicable in Ct*
ae

C++ allua ua to Jsth doclasta ond initinlige ya9inled

hooueL Hy coLa orlod.
Ys o d nst hauwe to declnsa cw ha JJa9úailea at
he Jeginin9 -

<data-type> list-of-vadiables;

Retevence vaiables
H oh0once dJa9ialla p9BUielon aun alian C culto9untue

name) a p9QLDUAly.
dsinlla JAt e initisoc a tha
.A uleHaNe
ine o} dorlosuation.
data type> TetedeNce name;

Syntaoc of declaeing an aliag

<data.type 3 alias. name -
vac namg
in a lO
int m =
cout aer endl; Disply 10
cout erdl; ||Display I)

couteactendl1/Display
Cout n<Tendl / Dis play
27 May
Eccpme sisith Are hei tupES:12
An ocpotaaaion ip ornluiatisn pOLateno, Lonatant
And Ja9tinlylea n9oangod 0 p0 Bha suulas tha Jangungo
ad
H n ocpsanDi.on may conait eona col Moa NAUneda

*An éteprméssion 'délimitedu'bgra i&called statemert

i-e a 8 8; 4
Ccpoession statement'
Eocpstaai.onA con le oh ho jsllbUing +ypoh

Coatont oscpanAion.
Antagoua ocgotannion.
QcpsoADion
Pointo ocAoAOAion
Ralational acpoaRJsn
Lgical acpsOApion.
itwiQ op9IaRai on
Note:- Al spasuntoua C n90 unilnlblo in C++. ie

Agithmoti *
3Annignrnand C 4
Shoot hand/compound assigninent
Ralntional C, >,4, E
Relat ional inenuo lity Reletional eality
Logica C83..!)
Btwise C . 1 , , . )
Trg ue
Teenoany i ? )
Fake
1. Constont erpae ssion -
conninta only Conatart valuon
Sg-14. 2015/2 c
20+2-56 LA65. 1 ASC II values
22-5 a -97 J

2.Integeal exxpression o9to. thona that udno inag slanultn

atoimplomontiq a l the utomatic
And ocplirittupo onUebionD
Eg- int m-5 int M 5 , 0-4 m+ 5t intC9-6)
M-5 M*0-6 AsCII i-e 5+9
5%4-5 (automatic\
20-5 Ceccplicit type)
+ype

3 Float e ocpre ssion -

DO thoee uhith, nttoi Al Jousnial,

d u c a lonting psind anulta

Eg:-C+9 gy/10D
hsa.C-3-2.y=&5 C=12-0 y=9-o
9-2t9-5 12-O3O/10
6-7
6-O/10- miteed -mode etuptession
6
4.Pointes epeSsion p9DdurOA Oddtan uuluan a d nat
p9umitile waluea
Eg- k int k SP
int P
addoess of actres ot
P R P

-artdson
b"Kelational erpaession -

yoild. s0sulto type Uosl whith

taben a valune

&g- int L-5. y-8 a-5 -6 c-4 d-8

atb=Ctc

5r6 4t8
T6ue I 12 False
APa JJRd, tha will be Oauatd
thos p i t r a t i r . orpoLion
J i a ond h 0Lultn a g a SomRa90c Boo lean ecc pression
 6. Logical eopsession- Combino two o MBLO alntinml
ocp9onDioo and podute
Josl ypo
AODult
ga.>b 39 c-=1O
if a 5 b 3 C-9.
hn a>b 6 c 9 False
Hene. if the fi6st crP*SÍon is folse he second expaession
is not evaluated

if a i5 b 3 OC- IO.
hn a b 3 8 Oc = 10 louue

AO URO to manipulato dato c t t laye

ituIS expression

Operatos Ouerloadinq
Ouesuoading M e a a adAigning dita3ort monringa tD
An

opontion, dopanding on the Condosd

-C++ nllsuo oUesUnding e cp9ntrgPLa
-"<" And ">»' asa uusasledl opauutoa in Ctt
Eq c »i Hosta, Acta aD itwine opasuato
cin > a Hoa, ncta a ocueuctisn ore9ato.

JJitwino on9nto
couta Hsa, « Din an inetinn ofaato.

Note:- inditortisnal spoato in alAo calacl an deaLouonting

Gpontr9.
28/May ntin,
J

ContwolStouctu res
Entoy
Enty Loop
Enty
TTe False
Action 1 Conditiony
e
ondition* Aetio0 1

Action 2 Action Action 2

False

Action Action 3
Action 9

Seauence Selectiony i ir teration

roqsam guns in a Selectively eOcecutes a tAlows uS te ececute
Sequence block ef statements ableck of statements
conditon
based on whethey, a SO long as c
evaluates te +Oue. O Oce
Cerdtain Condition
evalueates fo tove/talse thecondition eualuates t
false, the block wil not
.

Eg:Simple if e cecute any more

Stouctudecl if Eg- while
Nested if do..uwhile
Multi-uway, Ihe else if ladder
bwanching Switch
yntao o decision making r d boanching Statements,

imple il stalaman!
i Cere Ssion) selatioial eopsecoio
stotement- block; If toue staternent is erecuted
IF false 6taterert is Skiped

tsuetusecd f atatomont
to ue IF False
Cerp gession)

tueSteatement-black esceautes skS

else

Skips ececutes
false Statement-block;

Nentod itaBomont
if Ccondition)

to be erecuted if codition is toue

lcode
I Ccondition 2)

lcode to be ececutec if condition2 is true

tbo Jnddos
F Ccondition)

Il code pe ececutal if condition istsue,

else if Ccondition 2)

II Cde be eoce cwtec if Condtion is tovej

 else if Ccondition3)
is true;
code to be ececuted if cond ition3

else > Coptional)

conditio age false
Code b be ececuted if all

Switchh statenert
Switch Ceo paession)
Must evaluate to an int value

value 1:l statemert seajuence F int value = valuei

Case
Tnis eocecutes
beak
case value 2: l|statement seq uence int va lue = ualue 2
This ece utes.
boeaR
ptional)
default : /default statenert sajuence

t else elause of else -if ladde

simila
 Suntaoc of Looping9 Statements

while Statement, entu

contKollecl loOp etntesnert Levent contiolled

while Cconditiorn is toue)

statement 1 a statement that wil

hasa eshould be
statement 2;
*
Make condition to eualuate tco flase. Ohetwise
ececuticns
Statement n; the loo will have intini te no. of

MOVe no. of time:

is ececuted zeo (oT)
The body of he loop

Statement) Lcounterr contolled

Fog Statement entou contolled looping
forCinitialization s
test.condition:increment /decremert)

e ecorutodd;
/statomand o

finite no. of time2s

body loop will be ececuteck in a
of he

Do...UWhile statement. ecit contiollecl Ioop

do

staternent i
statement 2

statemet n;
uwnile Ctest condition)
ody of he loop is ececutedl one ed move no. of kimes.
29/May
Teem wNork 1
LLa). uloito a Ct+ p9Logouam to Awap tuo Ja9iallon ubing
oLostonte uasialle..
#include< iostoeam
Usingnamespace std;
void eocchange Cint 3. int 8);
int main C)
{
int a.b;
Cout< "Enter two numbers:;
cin > a >b;
cout < " Before exchange a is« a < and b is b <<end
exchange Ca. b);
cout" After escchange 'a i s i a < and b i s <b <<endl
etuon O;

void eocchange Cint Sm, int an).

int temp
atemp -M3

o -tenP

Output:
Enter tuo nunbers: IO 20
efore exchasge 'a is io and b is 20
Aftee erdw ge o i s 20 aud 'b is 10
 An4int8) thad duakos3
.Lb). ustito a Ctt Junchisni pouweN Gint
iAbg.oosaLoued wastinllo
tus idoja JasAiablar.idoand s i dndi chtibsOn
aD AASumtast, Lompukod fa C i A O t ' i
4Ka alONKa JOSitble i14,.
he ionultb' in
aAAgciaod mainC) to caul PhiA unctirors
i
ulsito Hhe
#include <iost@eam>
USing namespace std
int. int &);
void powe Cint,
int main C)

int a . b , ges;
numbesrs:";
cout< " Enter tuo
cin >a »b;
Power Ca. b, ces);
<<" gaísed to " Rb<<" is" <Ves <<endl;
Cout a
oetuon O;

intb, int result)

void Power Cint a.

esult1;
for Cint i-i; i<-bs i++).
esult sesult * a

Out put:
numbets:2 3
Ente two

2 1aiRd to 9 is 8
LCe). ulstiter io tunction oocchanga Cint6, int, int8) hat uaoA
valueD
rstnca Jasuallan to ucisally aocchange
Centainac in HhoLg UJEBAiallaa
oito he aDAOciotod main to gro9CiAg hio untion.
#include <iostmeam>
vsing namespace stdi
void Cycliceocchange Cint.inta .int8;
int main C)

int a.b,C;
cOut << "Ente hdeee oumbers: ";
cin > a y b>C
Cout Before ecchange a ="{<a<<, b- i b < C={kc<<endl;
cyclic ecchange Ca.b. c);
a<e" b="<<b <<"C"C Kendl
Cout After eocchange a ="
oetunO;

void cyclicecchange Cint Sm, int in,

int so)

int temp
temp n ;
n M
m O:
O temP;

Output:
Entev hsee numbegs: 12.3
befove ecchange a1 b-2 C
After ecchange a 2 b-9 C-1