National University

COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
ABUTLN2: Electrical, Electronic, & Mechanical Systems in Buildings

Name: DE GUZMAN, JOHANNA MAXINE C. Section: ARC194A. Date: 08-31-21 Score:

Exercise No. 1: Introduction to Electricity

I. Essay (20 pts.)

Write a summary explanation for each of the following topic listed below as discussed under Module 01.

A. Definition of Electricity
The magnetic, chemical, and radiative effects of a certain kind of energy created by friction, induction, or
chemical change.

B. Types & Comparison of Electric Current

Direct Current (DC)
-A current which flows in the same direction at a constant time rate. It is found in any electrical gadget that
uses a battery as its power source.

Alternating Current (AC)

-A current that varies in time and direction on a regular basis. It is used to provide power to houses, offices,
and other buildings.

C. Types of Electric Circuits

Closed circuit- is a complete electrical connection in which current flows or circulates
Open circuit- is an electrical circuit without a flow of current.
Series Circuit - a circuit where the same current is circulating through all circuit components.
Parallel Circuit- a circuit in which the components are arranged so that the current divides between them.
It has two or more paths for current to flow through.
Short circuit- is a type of electrical circuit that allows current to flow through an unintended path with no or
very low electrical resistance.

D. Sources of Electricity
Generator- a machine that turns mechanical energy into electricity.
Battery- combination of two or many electric cells that can store and supply electrochemical direct current.
Dynamo Electric Machines - a direct current generator with a switch.

E. Conductors & Insulators

Conductors- a materials or substances which allow the flow of electricity such as; Copper, Brass, Steel,
Gold, and Aluminum
Insulators- a materials or substances that resist the current or do not allows it to flow. Good examples of
insulators are Wood, cloth, glass, mica, quartz, plastic, and rubber.

F. Electrical Energy (Watts)

Electricity is measured in power units called Watts, named for James Watt, the steam engine creator. .A
Watt is an electricity unit equivalent to an ampere under one volt's pressure.

G. Ohm's Law
In the law of Ohm, the current is proportional to the voltage across the two points through a conductor
between two points.

Note: Write your summary answer for each of the topic in a concise manner.
Answers are to be in maximum of three (3) sentences, either in paragraph form or bullet points.
You may include illustrations or drawings to better convey your ideas.