VDMA Materials Handling and Intralogistics

Fördertechnik und Intralogistik

Lyoner Str. 18
60528 Frankfurt am Main

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Andreas Scherb
Telefon +49 69 6603-1724
Fax +49 69 6603-2724
E-Mail foerd@vdma.org Energy efficiency of industrial trucks —
Internet foerd.vdma.org
Test methods — Container Straddle Carriers

DesignStudio

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 STRADDLE CARRIERS  1

Contents
Contents

Introduction 4

Scope 4

Normative references 4

Terms and definitions 4

Test conditions 5

Test load 5

Truck conditions 5

Environmental conditions 5

Measurement procedure 5

Operating sequence 5

Documentation 8

Test report 8

Declaration 9

Industrial Trucks energy consumption 9

Battery efficiency 9

Charger efficiency 9
 STRADDLE CARRIERS  3

Foreword

This guideline has been prepared by

• Hafentechnische Gesellschaft e.V. (HTG – Section Industrial Trucks for ports,
inland terminals and logistic hubs)
• Cargotec Germany GmbH (Kalmar)
• Konecranes
• Terex Port Solutions
• EUROGATE
• Hamburger Hafen und Logistik AG (HHLA)
• VDMA Materials Handling and Intralogistics

At European CEN-level, the following European standards will be published

as EN 16796 under the general title “Energy efficiency of Industrial Trucks —
Testing methods” .

• Part 1: General
• Part 2: Operator controlled self-propelled trucks, towing tractors and
burden-carrier trucks
• Part 3: Container handling lift trucks

The content of the guideline “Energy efficiency of Industrial Trucks – Testing

methods – Container Straddle Carrier” is based on the EN 16796 series*.

Note
This guideline is a transitional solution and will be withdrawn
once a corresponding European standard is available.

* The above parts are submitted for “Formal vote”

4  STRADDLE CARRIERS

Introduction

In Europe the EN 16796 series has been prepared
to provide one means of conforming to the
Essential Requirements of the New Approach
Ecodesign Directive 2009/125/EC (ErP) and
corresponding Commission Regulations.
The above-mentioned stakeholder groups
have been given the possibility to participate
in the drafting process of this document.
The machineries concerned are indicated in
the scope of this document.

The content of this guideline is of relevance for The EN 16796 series contains the definition
the following stakeholder groups: of operation cycles as defined in the VDI 2198
guideline.
• Machine manufacturers
(small, medium-sized and large enterprises)
• Market surveillance authorities
• Machine users
(small, medium-sized and large enterprises)
• Service providers, e. g. for consulting activities

Scope
This guideline specifies the methods of energy
consumption measurement for container
straddle carriers, as defined in ISO 5053-1:2015.
Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are
referenced in this guideline and are indispensable
for its application. For dated references, only the
edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document
(including any amendments) applies.
FprEN 16796-1
Energy efficiency of Industrial Trucks —
Test methods – Part 1: General
ISO 5053-1
Industrial Trucks — Terminology and
classification — Part 1 Types of Industrial Trucks
ISO 668 Following truck equipment shall be switched off:
Series 1 freight containers. Classification,
dimensions and ratings
ISO 14829 • Working light
Freight containers — Straddle carriers for freight
container handling — Calculation of stability
Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this guideline, the terms
and definitions given in ISO 5053-1 and FprEN
16796-1, as well as the following apply.
Automatic container detection
Automatic positioning of the spreader on the
container.
2 – high (3 – high; 4 – high)
Numbers of containers which could be stacked by
the truck.
STRADDLE CARRIERS  5
Test conditions
By way of derogation from part 1 and/or 3,
the following test conditions shall be observed.
Test load
The test load shall be 30, 48 tons according
to ISO 668.
A container with a height of 2,58 m (8‘ 6“) and a
length of 6 m (20‘) shall be used in the test.
Note
If a different container size and/or a
different load is used, this should be
documented in the test report.
The travelling position shall be in 1-high position,
meaning lower corner of spreader at a hoisting
height of 3.4– 3.6 m above ground.
Truck conditions
• Air-conditioning system
• Running light
• Automatic container detection
If the test truck does have a stability-control
system, it shall be switched on.
Environmental conditions
The measurement shall be carried out at an
environmental temperature range between
5°C and up to 25°C.
The maximum wind speed shall not exceed a
max. of 10.8 m/s (6 Bft ).
6  STRADDLE CARRIERS
Measurement procedure
FprEN 16796-1, clause 5 applies together with
the following clauses that are describing specific
information for container handling lift trucks.
Measurement is starting with machine loaded
and fully supported / twist locks engaged and
travelling position height at point A.
Operating sequence
The cycle has to be performed according to
figure 1 and table 1. The number of 5 cycles has
to be completed.
The sequence of one cycle shall be carried out
with the following actions:
• Start at point A (travelling position)
• Loaded machine standing in engine idle
2 min
• Travel to position “B” by driving 200 m straight
with max. velocity, followed by deceleration
and turning 180° in advance to position “B”
• Stop traveling at position “B”
• Lift load to max. height
• Travel forward to position “C” by driving 100 m
straight with max. allowed speed (usually this
is about 10 – 15 km/h)
• Stop travelling at position “C”
• Lower load to ground and unlock container
• Lift empty spreader to one container height
lower than max. height (e.g. 4-high trucks
to 3-high position)
• Travel forward to position “D” by driving 50 m
straight with max. allowed speed (usually this
is about 10 – 15 km/h)
• Stop travelling at position “D”
• Lower empty spreader to travelling position
 STRADDLE CARRIERS  7

Table 1 — Test specification for container straddle carriers

2 – high 3 – high 4 – high

Rated capacity Q [t] 30 < Q < 60 30 < Q < 60 30 < Q < 60

Test duration [h] 1 1 1

No. of cycles [1/h] 5 5 5

Truck speed [km/h] To be adapted To be adapted To be adapted

Test load [t] 30.48 30.48 30.48

Distance L [m] 200 200 200

• Travel to position “A” by driving 50 m straight
with max. speed, followed by deceleration
and turning 180° in advance to position “A”
• Stop travelling at point “A”
• Empty machine standing in engine idle
2 min
• Travel to position “B” by driving 200 m straight
with max. velocity, followed by deceleration
and turning 180° in advance to position “B”
• Stop travelling at position “B”
• Lift empty spreader to one container height
lower than max. height (e.g. 4-high trucks to
3-high position)
• Travel forward to position “C” by driving 100 m
straight with max. allowed speed (usually this
is about 10 – 15 km/h)
• Stop travelling at position “C” above container
on ground
• Lower empty spreader to container on ground
and lock container
• Lift load to max. height
• Travel forward to position “D” by driving 50 m
straight with max. allowed speed (usually this
is about 10 – 15 km/h)
• Stop travelling at position “D”
• Lower load to travelling position
• Travel to position “A” by driving 50 m
straight with max. velocity, followed by
deceleration and turning 180° in
advance to position “A”
• Stop travelling at point “A”
• End of cycle
Travelling is not permitted whilst lifting/
lowering operations.
8  STRADDLE CARRIERS
Figure 1 — Test layout straddle carrier energy consumption
Documentation
The manufactures shall document the following
information.
Test report
The test report shall contain the following
details:
• Reference to this standard
• Specification of the tested truck in respect
to its marking
• In case of type testing: Reference to the
type series
• Specification of truck equipment
(e.g. attachment, cabin, specification of
filled hydraulic oil etc.)
• Specification of tyres (manufacturer, type,
material, dimensions, pressure of pneumatic
tyres)
• Operation modes and/or setting of operator
assistance devices
• Set-up of the truck (e.g. software parameters)
• Specification of the traction battery,
if applicable
• Specification of the battery charger,
if applicable
• Power factor of the battery charger
• Efficiency of the battery and the method
used, according to FprEN 16796-1,
clause 5.3.3, if applicable
• Efficiency of the battery charger and the
method used, according to FprEN 16796-1,
clause 5.3.4, if applicable
• Description of the test track
(material, slope, smoothness)
• Wind speed, if applicable
• Specification of the measurement
equipment
• Description of the climatic conditions
(temperature)
• Date and name of the authorised person
• Result of the test including the achieved
tolerance of the energy consumption
according to FprEN 16796-1, clause 5.6
• Time needed for 5 complete cycles
(if more or less than 1 h is needed)
Where the verification of the truck design
is made by other methods e.g. simulation the
report shall reasonably be adapted to that
specific method.

Declaration
Industrial Truck energy consumption
The manufacturers’ instruction handbook
accompanying the Industrial Truck and
the manufacturers’ documentation shall
include the appropriate version of the
following information:
• Energy consumption according to EN 16796
in kWh/h at truck set up; )
• Fuel consumption at truck set up
– in litres per 5 cycles or
– according to EN 16796 in l/h
• Gas consumption according to EN 16796
in kg/h at truck set up.
STRADDLE CARRIERS  9
Battery efficiency
The battery manufacturers’ documentation shall
include the following information:
• Overall battery efficiency ηBatt according
to EN 16796 including the corresponding
charging factor
The manufacturers’ instruction handbook accom-
panying the battery shall refer to the publicly
available manufacturers’ document (data sheet).
Charger efficiency
The manufacturers’ instruction handbook accom-
panying the charger and the manufacturers’
documentation shall include the following infor-
mation:
• Overall charger efficiency ηCh according to
EN 16796
 Impressum
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Kontakt
Andreas Scherb
Telefon +49 69 6603-1724
Fax +49 69 6603-2724
E-Mail foerd@vdma.org
Internet foerd.vdma.org

Redaktion Stand
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VDMA Materials Handling and Intralogistics
Fördertechnik und Intralogistik

Lyoner Str. 18
60528 Frankfurt am Main

Kontakt
Andreas Scherb
Telefon +49 69 6603-1724
Fax +49 69 6603-2724
E-Mail foerd@vdma.org Energy efficiency of industrial trucks —
Internet foerd.vdma.org
Test methods — Container Straddle Carriers

DesignStudio

foerd.vdma.org