Major public works projects and topics (Airports/Aviation)

<New CNS/ATM concept>

Although it seems the sky has unlimited space, aircraft fly along pre-determined aerial routes which can be
described as aerial expressways. Just as traffic jams on roadways occur when the amount of traffic exceeds
the capacity of a road, there are limitations to how many aircraft can fly along one aerial route. In response to
increased air traffic, the former air safety system was replaced by a new air safety system called the
CNS/ATM (Communications， Navigation， Surveillance/Air Traffic Management) system which was approved by
the ICAO.

(International Civil Aviation Organization) in 1991.

As one can recognize from its name, the CNS/ATM system is a global-scale air safety system comprised of
the four elements of Communications (C), Navigation (N), Surveillance (S) and Air Traffic Management (ATM).
Its aim is to utilize positioning and communication satellites, and the latest communications technology to
im-prove air transportation safety, expand air traffic capacity, and improve economical efficiency.

MTSAT (Multi-functional Transport Satellite) is the core aeronautical satellite employed by this system and is
expected to play a crucial role in the expansion of air transport capacity and improvement of safety in the
Asia-Pacific region where the volume of transportation has been rapidly increasing in recent years in particular.
A notable example is the North-Pacific route which is the major aerial artery connecting Japan and the USA.

The service area of the MTSAT covers a broad area centered around the Asia-Pacific region using global
beams. In particular, the system is capable of sufficiently responding to future increases in air traffic by
cover-ing dense air traffic areas with spot beams.

【MTSAT global beam service range (L band)】


 Countries in the ASEAN region, such as Vietnam,
the Philippines and Indonesia are already collaborating
in the application of the new CNS/ATM system which includes
the cultivation of human resources. (note: this text was written by JICA.)

(59) Overview of the new CNS/ATM concept 65

Background Outlook

In 1983, the'Future Air Navigation System Association'
(FANS association) was founded at ICAO.
The association discussed proposals for new air
navigation system technology including satellite and
automatic systems. In 1988, it proposed the FANS
concept which concerned the future global air
navigation system.
In order to promote the construction of the
global seamless air navigation system,
it is necessary to respond to the enhanced
demand for air transport and to achieve
the most accurate and safe service in
accordance with the following purposes.

The aim of the FANS concept is to realize Air Traffic

Management(ATM) and Communication, Navigation - improve safety
and Surveillance by introducing the Aeronautical Purpose - improve the accuracy of flight time
Mobile Satellite Service (AMSS) which uses fixed - expansion of air space
satellites, the Global Satellite Navigation System
- affording frequent opportunities
(GNSS), and Automatic Dependent Surveillance for passengers to check the
(ADS) in each sector. It is now commonly referred to flight schedule and route
as the new CNS/ATM concept. - minimize regional differences in
flight devices

C ommunication
HF (indirect commu- Direct communica- Realization
nication), tion between traffic
VHF (the limit of sig- controller and pilot
nal coverage) by satellite data link
Support of ATM

ATFM
N avigation ATS
=

NOB, VOR/DME Global navigation (Air Traffic Service) Air Traffic Flow
(the limit of signal using satellite
coverage) Management
ATM
Air Traffic Management
S urveillance ASM
radar (the limit of sig- Improvement in the
(Air Space Management)
nal coverage), accuracy of the posi-
indirect positioning tion of the aircraft
report from the pilot through ADS