Subject : English Section : MP2-PC2-PT2-PB2 Year : Summary

PRESENT PERFECT
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Things you should know in this course:

 The present perfect rule
 The present perfect usage
 Prepositions used with the present perfect

1. The PRESENT PERFECT rule

Have / has + Past Participle (V + ed)

For all types of sentences, please check the chart below:

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 2. The PRESENT PERFECT usage

USAGE PREPOSITIONS EXAMPLES

So far, we have played three

Am action starting in the “ UP TO NOW ” challenging games.
past and is still continuing so
far “ UNTIL NOW ”

“ SO FAR ”
“ SINCE + DATE / The robot soldier has been a
CLAUSE ” dream for the Pentagon for 30
“ FOR + PERIOD OF years / over the last years /
TIME “
since 1984.
“ OVER + NOUN ”
“ FOR SO LONG ”

I have just / already had a

A recent action “ JUST ” coffee.

“ ALREADY ”

Recently / Lately / In recent

“ RECENTLY ” years, food prices have
rocketed up.
“LATELY ”

“ IN RECENT YEARS
/TIMES ”
“ EVER ”
Indefinite action in the past “ NEVER ” Have you ever travelled abroad?
“ YET ” I have never travelled abroad.
“ ONCE, TWICE, Marwa has travelled once in her
etc ” life.

An action in the past that - I don’t feel alright because I

has a consequence now haven’t slept well.

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 3. SUMMARY of the course

The chart below further explains the course:

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