Historical (Dialectical) Materialism

Thesis 1 Antithesis 1

Synthesis 1 Antithesis 2
(Thesis 2)

Synthesis 2 Antithesis 2
(Thesis 3)

Synthesis 3
Process repeats until the
ultimate synthesis is reached,
called the Absolute Idea

Absolute Idea
 Karl Marx and Communism
Karl Marx, the father of Communism replaced the concept of opposing ideas with the
concept of opposing economic forces. Marx felt that Communism was the inevitable, natural
result of these opposing forces.

Feudalism Rise of merchants

and traders

Capitalism Workers and

Proletariat

Socialism/
Communism