Research Journal of Biotechnology 

(RES
J BIOTECHNOL)
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Direct Shoot Organogenesis of Indian Cotton G. Arboreum CV PA 402 from Embryonic Axis Explants
Article

 Aug 2010

 A P Talegaokar
 Sandip Dangat

Cotton is multipurpose crop serving as an engine of economic growth in both developing and developed
countries across six continents. India is the only country to grow all four cultivated (both diploid as well as
tetraploid) species on commercial scale. The diploid cotton species can serve as valuable gene pool for the
agronomically desirable tetraploid cultivars and offer better opportunities to study gene structure and function
through gene knockouts. Development of transgenic lines is one of the ways for value addition in terms of
transfer of different agronomic traits as well as study of different gene functions using different tetraploid and
diploid germplasm backgrounds. Regeneration protocol through somatic embryogenesis is primary requisite to
exploit valuable traits available through plant transformation. In present investigation successful direct shoot
organogenesis was attempted in diploid cotton (G. arboretum cv PA 402) using MS media supplemented with
Myo-inositol 100 mg/L Thiamine 10 mg /L Glucose 30 gm/L and agar 7 gm/L .The hormone kinetin was used in
the range of 0.1 -2.5 mg/L in five different levels. Growth of shoots on MS medium supplemented with Myo-
inositol 100 mg/L thiamine 10 mg /L Glucose 30 g/L and NAA 0.1 mg/L resulted in regeneration of plantlets.
Among different levels of kinetin 0.1 mg/L was found the most suitable concentration for direct shoot
organogenesis from embryonic Axis explants.
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Production of alpha Amylase by Candida tropicalis SSK 01 strain Soil Isolate using Vegetable Waste Liquor Media
and its Stability towards Metals, Surfactants and other Inhibitors
Article
  Feb 2013

 Selvaraj Karthick Raja Namasivayam

 Sarathkannan Sivasubramanian

In the present study, Candida tropicalis SSK 01 strain local soil isolate isolated from petroleum contaminated soil
produced α- amylase in mixed vegetable waste liquor media under controlled batch condition. Candida tropicalis
SSK 01 strain was identified based on cultural and molecular characteristics. Based on 18S rRNA analysis, this
strain was most closely related to Candida tropicalis (98.7 % similarity). The media supported growth and
amylase production. Amylase production was observed during 12th hour. The enzyme stability was evaluated
with heavy metals such as chromium, zinc and nickel, surfactant tween 20, EDTA, H2O2 and glycine at the
concentration of 1,2,3,4 and 5 M. The enzyme retains its activity in all the tested concentration of heavy metals,
surfactants and inhibitors. The enzyme was highly thermo and alkaline stable and maximum enzyme activity was
observed at 80°C and pH 9.0.
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Strain Improvement of Selected Strain Bacillus subtilis (MTCC No.10619) for Enhanced Production of Antimicrobial
Metabolites
Article

 Aug 2011

 E Radha
 P. Shamsher Kumar
 Veerendra Kumar Bapatla

A total of 178 strains (bacteria, fungi, yeast, actinomycetes) were isolated from sponges, Bay of Bengal and their
antagonistic activities were tested against eight pathogenic bacteria Bacillus subtilis MTCC 441, Staphylococcus
aureus MTCC 96, Pseudomonas aeruginosa MTCC 424, Escherichia coli MTCC 443, Bacillus cereus MTCC
430, Proteus vulgaris MTCC 1771, Candida albigans MTCC 227, Aspergillus niger MTCC 1344. Among these
the potent bacteria Bacillus subtilis showed high antibacterial activity. The present study is focused on the
improvement of Bacillus subtilis through random mutagenesis to obtain mutant having high antibacterial activity.
The Bacillus subtilis was subjected for mutation study by using physical (UV radiation) and chemical (NTG)
mutation methods. After the mutations, antibacterial activity of the strain was increased and different at different
time intervals.
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Establishing the frequency of IL-10Rα polymorphisms rs2508445, rs4252270, rs149491038 in Indian Tamils
Article

 Jul 2018

 J.S. Kumar
 Panneer Devaraju
 Jayaraman Megala

IL-10, an anti-inflammatory cytokine exerts its immune regulatory effect by binding to its receptor IL-10R, which is
a hetero tetrameric protein belonging to type-II cytokine family, expressed in all hematopoietic cells. The
incidence of autoimmune and inflammatory disorders (AIIDs) is on the rise in Indian population. Individual
genetics plays a major role in determining the susceptibility, clinical phenotype and response to therapy for these
diseases. The higher incidence of AIIDs and a lack of genetic data on South Indian Tamils served as a basis for
this study geared to establish the normotype frequency of three genetic variants of IL-10RA gene (rs2508445,
rs4252270, rs149491038) in this population. A total of 180 healthy South Indian Tamils had a genotype run for IL-
10RA variants by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). It was
observed that the mutant allele frequency of rs2508445, rs4252270 was 23% and 12.3% respectively. The
Arg262Cys rs149491038 was completely absent in our population. Screening the polymorphisms in IL-10R might
be helpful in terms of predicting the risk of susceptibility and to determine the outcome of therapeutic modalities
for AIIDs.
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Initial characterization and expression pattern analysis of common tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) metal tolerance
protein C4 and 11 genes
Article

 Nov 2018

 Y. Lei
 Liang Yonggang
 K. Chuisi

The complete coding sequences of common tobacco metal tolerance protein C4 and 11 genes were amplified by
RT-PCR. The tobacco metal tolerance protein C4 gene encodes a protein of 471 amino acids which shares high
identity with the metal tolerance protein C4 of four species-wood tobacco (97%), nicotiana tomentosiformis
(93%), potato (85%) and capsicum annuum (84%). The tobacco metal tolerance protein 11 gene encodes a
protein of 399 amino acids which shares high identity with the metal tolerance protein 11 of six species-wood
tobacco (99%), nicotiana tomentosiformis (99%), lycopersicon pennellii (92%), lycopersicon esculentum (92%),
potato (92%) and capsicum annuum (92%). Prediction of transmembrane helices showed that metal tolerance
protein C4 and 11 might be two transmembrane proteins. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the common
tobacco metal tolerance protein C4 and 11 genes both have a closer genetic relationship with the wood tobacco
metal tolerance protein C4 and 11 genes. Computer-assisted analysis showed that metal tolerance protein C4
gene is structured in 13 exons and 12 introns. Metal tolerance protein 11 gene is structured in 6 exons and 5
introns. The gene expression profile analysis indicated that the common tobacco metal tolerance protein C4 and
11 genes were differentially expressed in root, flower, leaf and stem. The expression of metal tolerance protein
11 gene was ubiquitously higher than that of metal tolerance protein C4 gene in all detected tissues.
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Biotransformation of acid blue 113 by Enterococcus faecalis YZ 66
Article

 Jan 2013

 S. Madhuri
 P. Girish

Textile dye Acid Blue 113 was selected for biotransformation studies by Enterococcus faecalis YZ 66.
Optimization of parameters for dye decolourization was studied under static anoxic condition. Under optimized
condition, decolourization of Acid Blue 113 by Enterococcus faecalis YZ 66 was found to be 77.73% in 80
minutes. Degradation of the dye was confirmed by UV- Visible spectophotometric, TLC and HPLC analysis. The
isolate had potential to decolourize mixture of five dyes. This indigenous isolate could be a potential organism for
bioremediation of textile wastewater carrying dyes.
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Comparative study on 11β -hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1
Article

 Dec 2013

 Nu Thi Ngoc Tang

 Ly Le

11β - Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 (11βHSD1) belongs to the human short-chain dehydrogenase /reductase
super-family which catalyzes the conversion of cortisone to cortisol in humans. High 11βHSD1 activity is known
to closely link to certain metabolic syndromes, including insulin resistance. 11βHSD1 inhibitors act as competitors
of cortisol and prevent the binding of the substrate to 11βHSD1, suppressing 11βHSD1 activity and increasing
hepatic insulin sensitivity. 11βHSD1 inhibition is an important therapeutic target of type 2 diabetes drug design. In
this study, a comparative analysis of human 11βHSD1 homologous sequences was intensively analyzed using
bioinformatics tools. The different level of similarities among these homologous sequences to human 11βHSD1
was considered as a critical standard to suggest potential animals for clinical testing. The result of the
phylogenetic tree shows that the human 11βHSD1 sub-family evolved into two distinct pathways with two groups
of homologous proteins. Based on group one, 22 selected proteins were further analyzed on the level of
sequence similarity. As a consequence, there were 8 potential models for animal testing (Bos taurus; Ovis aries;
Oryctolagus cuniculus; Mesocricetus auratus; Sus scrofa; Heterocephalus glaber, Rattus norvegicus; Mus
musculus; and Myotis lucifugus) that displayed a high level of sequence similarity to human 11βHSD1. Key
residues that vary from humans to each selected species will also be discussed in detail.
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Production of Poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) from lactose and whey by Bacillus thuringiensis IAM 12077
Article

 Nov 2011

 Srividya Shivakumar

Bacillus thuringiensis IAM 12077, an indigenous soil bacterium, is able to grow in a medium containing 10 g l -1
lactose as a sole source of carbon, giving 3.6 g l -1 biomass yield and poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) up to 40%
of its dry weight in 48 h. The isolate was also able to utilize whole cheese whey and whey supernate and produce
3.9 g l -1 and 3.3 g l -1 PHB respectively by 72 h. Lactose at a concentration of 2 % (w/v) when supplemented
with whey decreased the time required for maximum PHB production from 72 h to 48 h. Similarly a combination
of lactose (1 %, w/v) supplemented with different concentrations of whey amounting to a final concentration of
carbon source in the range from 1 % to 10 %, also showed 2 % (w/v) carbon source to be optimum for supporting
maximum PHB production by this strain. Whole whey showed 67.5 % accumulation with 3.9 g/L yield by 72 h and
whey supernate showed 62.5 % accumulation with 3.3 g/L PHB yield. B.thuringiensis IAM 12077 is capable of
accumulating appreciable levels of PHB from lactose, whey (whole and supernate) and therefore offers much
potential for economic production of PHB from such raw materials.
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Ecofriendly RO 13 Dye Decolorization by newly isolated Alcaligenes faecalis PMS-1 using Lignocellulosic Agriculture
Waste
Article

 Jul 2013

 Parin Shah

The aim of the present work was to develop ecofriendly decolorization process for cyanuric chloride based dye,
Reactive Orange 13 (RO 13). Bacterial strain was isolated from dye-contaminated soil samples of local dye
manufacturing industry. The bacterial isolate was identified as Alcaligenes faecalis PMS-1 with a NCBI accession
number, GenBank ID: JF297973 based on 16S rDNA analysis. Decolorization experiments of RO 13 were
carried out in Bushnell and Haas medium (BHM) in the presence of different fifteen carbon and seven organic
nitrogen sources as well as optimum quantities were determined. RO 13 decolorization by PMS-1 was also
studied in the presence of extract of agricultural by-products like rice husk, rice straw, sugarcane baggase
powder and wood straw. In our study, successful replacement of conventional growth medium (nutrient broth)
was demonstrated without compromise on rate and extent of decolorization along with less contribution of COD.
Economically feasible and practically acceptable decolorization process for cyanuric chloride based reactive dyes
was developed using lignocellulosic agriculture waste.
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Isolation and Identification of 1, 3-Propanediol producing Strain of K. Pneumoniae 141B from Soil and Optimization
of process Parameters
Article

 May 2011

 Vanajakshi Jalasutram
 Annapurna Jetty

Research on 1,3-propanediol (1.3-PDO) has markedly increased due to its potential applications in polyester
preparations, cosmetics, foods, lubricants and medicines. The present study was aimed at isolation and
characterization of 1,3-PDO producing strain from soil. More than 40 isolates of glycerol fermenting
microorganisms were isolated from HCT campus, Hyderabad, India and screened for 1,3-PDO production.
Among these isolates, 141B strain had shown the maximum 1,3-PDO production of 7.41 and 5.94 g/l under
aerobic and anaerobic conditions respectively. Based on morphological, physiological, biochemical and
phylogenetic analysis, the strain had been confirmed as a novel strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae and hence it was
deposited in IMTECH, Chandigarh, India, with the accession number MTCC 9751 and the EMBL accession
number of this strain is FN820293. The effect of process parameters on 1,3-PDO production and on enzyme
production of glycerol dehydratase (GDHt) and 1,3-propanediol oxidoreductase (PDOR) production was
evaluated. GDHt and PDOR were the two key intracellular enzymes involved in the production of 1,3-PDO. The
optimal process parameters were found to be fermentation time, 8h; temperature, 37°C; pH, 6; aeration, semi
aerobic. The yield of 1,3-PDO had improved from 7.41 g/l with the basal medium to 11.17 g/l with the optimized
medium resulting in an increase of 50%. The specific activities of GDHt and PDOR have been increased to
35.1% and 29.3% with the optimized medium. The results demonstrated that K. pneumoniae 141B is an efficient
strain for 1,3-PDO production as it produced a molar yield of 0.67 mol/mol of glycerol.
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Construction of MiR-145 Eukaryotic Expression Vector and its Tumor-suppressive Activities in Human Colon
Cancer Cells
Article

 Jul 2014

 G.F. Liang
 A. H. Jing
 J. Xu
 [...]
 B. Chen

Recent research indicates that miR-145 is involved in various biological processes including cell cycle, cell
differentiation, apoptosis and colorectal cancer. In this study, we report the construction of recombinant plasmid
miR-145 expression vector and its tumorsuppressive activities in transfected human colon cancer cells (HCT-
116). The double strands oligo encoding the miR-145 was designed and synthesized to generate the mature
miR-145 expression plasmid. PHsa-miR-145, the new constructed plasmid vector and its controls were
transfected to HCT-116 cells. Fluorescence detection displayed that fluorescence intensity of GFP was highest
during 48 and 72 hours post-transfection and qRT-PCR showed a significantly increase in miR-145 expression in
the vector transfected cells compared with the expression in its controls, then its tumor-suppressive activities
were further investigated. Cell proliferation and cell cycle assay indicate that miR-145 treated HCT-116 cells
pronouncedly enhance tumor-suppressive effect by inducing cell cycle G1 arrest. Our results indicate that
transduction of miR-145 offers a feasible approach to significantly inhibit HCT-116 cells proliferation and increase
the apoptosis index. Thus, targeted delivery of miR-145 into HCT-116 cells may be useful for the treatment of
colon cancer.
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In silico and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis-based evaluation of 16s rDNA primers for metagenomic studies
Article

 Feb 2019

 P.M. Ahmed
 Sachin A. More
 Krishnaraj P U

Microbial community structure and their composition in environmental sample are commonly analysed by
amplification of 16S rDNA followed by fingerprinting or sequencing. The success of these studies is largely
dependent on the primer pair used in analysis. Commonly used five pairs of 16S rDNA primers were analysed in
silico and in DGGE in this study. E1052 | E1193 primer pair showed better coverage in silico using SILVA
database but failed to produce similar results in DGGE. PRBA338 | PRUN518 produced good coverage in silico
using RDP database and good diversity in DGGE analysis. Hence, critical analysis of primer is essential for
metagenomic studies.
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Protective effect of apigenin against the genotoxic damage induced by estradiol-17 β
Article
  Feb 2009

 Yasir Siddique
 Mohammad Afzal

The use of traditional natural preparations from plant materials for the treatment of various diseases by the
majority of people have led to assess the modulating action of plants extract/products when associated with other
substances. Estradiol-17β is a well known steroid hormone (estrogen) and has been reported to induce genotoxic
damage and tumor formation in various experimental models both in vitro as well as in vivo. Estradiol-17β is also
used in oral contraceptives formulation in combination with synthetic progestins. The prolonged users of oral
contraceptives have been reported to develop various types of cancers. Natural plant products play an important
role in reducing the genotoxic damage by the steroids. In this context the effect of apigenin was studied against
the genotoxic damage induced by estradiol-17β. The treatment of apigenin at concentration of 5, 10, 15 and 20
μM was given along with 10 and 20 μM of estradiol-17β separately and respectively. The treatment of apigenin
results in the reduction of the sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs), thereby suggesting a protective role of
apigenin against the estadiol-17β genotoxic damage.
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Molecular cloning, sequence characterization and expression pattern of BURP domain-containing protein 17 gene
from watermelon (Citrullus lanatus)
Article

 Mar 2015

 L. Peng

The complete mRNA sequence of the watermelon BURP domain-containing protein 17 gene was amplified
through rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) method. The full-length mRNA was 1, 085 bp containing a 996
bp open reading frame which encodes a protein of 331 amino acids. Sequence analysis revealed that
watermelon BURP domain-containing protein 17 protein shares high homology with the BURP domain-containing
protein 17 of cucumber (82%), muskmelon (82%), apple (58%), soybean (57%) and wine grape (54%).
Phylogenetic analysis revealed that watermelon BURP domain-containing protein 17 gene has a closer genetic
relationship with the BURP domain-containing protein 17 gene of cucumber and muskmelon. Tissue expression
profile analysis was carried out and results indicated that the watermelon BURP domain-containing protein 17
gene was highly expressed in root and stem, moderately expressed in flower and leaf, and weakly expressed in
fruit. These results established the primary foundation to understand the watermelon BURP domain-containing
protein 17 gene.
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Carbon and nitrogen in leaves, branch and stem of 19 different Mediterranean maquis species at the same site,
Isparta-Turkey
Article

 Jun 2014

 Y. Karatepe

The maquis is widely distributed across areas in Turkey where the Mediterranean climate predominates as well
as the Mediterranean basin and Europe. Maquis vegetation, which harbors many different species of plants,
spreads horizontally and vertically over large areas mainly in the Mediterranean Region of Turkey and forms
important ecosystem within Turkey. This study investigated within the same habitat (Isparta-Turkey) shows the
carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and C/N ratios in the leaves, branches and stems of 19 different plant species (1- Laurus
nobilis L., 2-Tamarix parviflora DC., 3-Cercis siliquastrum L., 4-Olea europaea L., 5-Rhus coriaria L., 6-Paliurus
spina-christi Mill., 7-Vitex agnuscastus L., 8-Phillyrea latifolia L., 9-Pistacia terebinthus L., 10-Quercus coccifera
L., 11- Fontanesia phillyreoides L., 12-Cistus creticus L., 13- Nerium oleander L., 14-Myrtus communis L., 15-
Arbutus andrachne L., 16-Crataegus monogyna Jacq., 17-Styrax officinalis L., 18-Cotinus coggygria Scop. and
19-Juniperus oxycedrus L.) with significant distribution in the maquis shrublands of the Mediterranean Region of
Turkey. In general, the carbon and nitrogen ratios of different plant species demonstrated significant differences.
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Porous alumina membrane as a support system for Candida bombicola cells and their use in biotransformation of
arachidonic acid to 19-HETE and 20-HETE
Article

 Aug 2007

 Sachin Shah
 Asmita Prabhune
 Kulkarni Sulabha

Availability of porous channels, large surface area and biocompatibility of alumina membranes make them useful
for the immobilization of whole cells and:enzymes, which have significant application in biocatalytic reaction.
Attachment of the Candida bombicola cells to hydrophobic porous alumina membrane. is through nonspecific
interaction between the. hydrophobic ODA molecule and the cell wall. The transformation of arachidonic acid
takes place through the cytochrome P450 enzyme present in the immobilized Candida bombicola cells on
functionalized ODA porous a lumina membrane to yield sophorolipids followed by acid, hydrolysis to produces
1.9-hydroxy-eicosaterenioc acid (19-HETE) and 20-hydroxyeicosaterenioc acid (20-HETE). Surface
morphologies of the cell wall were analyzed with the help of atomic force microscopy (AFM). The binding of the
cells to ODA porous alumina membrane was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The
biocompatibility of porous alumina membrane and possibility of reusing is also demonstrated.
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Recent developments in corona virus disease-2019 (Covid-19)
Article

 Nov 2020

 S. Vijayalakshmi

A respiratory illness by SARS-Co-V2 affected more than millions of people across the globe and killed thousands
of people. This outbreak had believed to start in sea food market of Wuhan, China, during the sales of animals in
the market and the virus had started spreading. The reservoir host for the virus is bats and from there it
transferred to human through an intermediate host. The spread and transmission of the virus will be through
direct contact of infected droplets or by inhalation which has a period of incubation about 2 to 14 days. The
symptoms for the disease include cough, fever, sore throat, fatigue, difficulty in breathing, malaise and others.
Most of the affected people will be asymptomatic, in adverse condition it may lead to acute respiratory distress
syndrome, pneumonia and multiple organ dysfunction. Molecular methodology and CT scan are the usual
diagnostic procedure. The ancestor of this virus is MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV. It is uncertain to determine the
impact of this epidemic. Since there was no prominent treatment identified for treating the condition, it was
spreading rapidly. The aim of this review is to give insights on epidemiology, virology, pathogenesis and available
modern and traditional medicines for COVID-19.
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Neurological manifestation and treatment strategies of COVID-19: A review
Article

 Nov 2020

 D. Shreeja
 R. Arpita

The ongoing outbreak caused by SARS-CoV-2 has become a challenge worldwide. Its transmission has been
increasing day by day abnormally. It has been reported that apart from the standard respiratory disorders,
patients are showing signs and symptoms of neurological problems as well. In previous outbreaks associated
with SARS-CoV, it was proved that CNS is also being targeted as well as PNS with additional reports indicating
brain being a target. It leads to an important result that the probability of patients with neurological manifestations
has increased gradually amidst the COVID-19 outbreak. Various potential therapies including convalescent
plasma transfusion have been applied for the time being. Hence, in this structured and detailed review, the
existence of such neural complications along with the potential treatment strategies associated with Covid-19 has
been discussed.
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Study on multiple aspects of the newly emerged novel SARS-COV-2 and its pandemic disease Covid-19
Article

 Nov 2020

 R. Suryansh
 Swati Mohapatra
 Divya Bandekar
 S. Sheetal

The topsy turvy situation of human health and economy around the globe is due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This
scenario is due to the spread of a potentially infectious novel virus called SARS-CoV-2. The infection persistency
and rapid transmissibility from person to person has stressed the world and its resources severely. This review
paper will convey all the necessary information about the SARS-CoV-2 and its subsequent pandemic disease
COVID-19. As for an instance, this study covers the structure of SARS-CoV2, its infection cycle, the immune
response mounted by the body, and other important details related to the spread of the virus. In such a difficult
time, understanding and taking into account, the multiple aspects related the virus and the disease transmission
is of utmost importance for public awareness and health safety.
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Fermentation and evaluation of Serratia marcescens H30 and S. marcescens MG1 for 2,3-butanediol production
Article

 Nov 2014

 Liaoyuan Zhang

Two Serratia marcescens strains, S. marcescens H30 and MG1 were selected and evaluated for 2,3-butanediol
production by batch fermentation. The sequential products including acetate, lactate, succinate, ethanol, acetoin
and 2,3-butanediol showed that S. marcescens H30 produced higher ethanol, succinate and acetoin and lower
2,3-butanediol when compared with S. marcescens MG1. The underlying mechanism of the above observations
has been investigated via the related enzymes and the internal redox state analysis. The results showed that the
activity of 2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase in S. marcescens H30 was over 4-fold higher than that of S.
marcescens MG1. NADH availability in S. marcescens H30 appeared to be superior to that of S. marcescens
MG1. These results suggested that the amount of 2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase in S. marcescens H30 limited
the conversion of acetoin into 2,3-butanediol, resulting in acetoin accumulation and NADH availability increase
which activated the pyruvate-deriving pathway and promoted pyruvate into various end products such as ethanol,
lactate and succinate.
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Enhanced 2,3-butanediol production by Serratia marcescens H30 with over-expression of 2,3-butanediol
dehydrogenase
Article

 May 2015

 Liaoyuan Zhang

2,3-Butanediol dehydrogenase (BDH) from S. marcescens H30 is responsible for converting acetoin (AC) into 2,
3-butanediol (2,3-BD) during sugar fermentation. Our previous studies indicated that the amount of BDH in S.
marcescens H30 limited the conversion of AC into 2,3-BD, resulting in AC accumulation. To improve 2,3-BD
production, in this study, the budC gene encoding BDH enzyme was over-expressed in S. marcescens H30.
Batch fermentation in 5-l bioreactor showed that excess BDH could significantly decrease the AC accumulation
by 86.1% and 2,3-BD formation was enhanced by 78.5% accordingly. Meanwhile, the main byproducts of
ethanol, lactate and succinate by recombinant strain were reduced by 45.3%, 27.2% and 51.9 %, relative to the
wild strain. BDH activity assays indicated that the activity of BDH in the recombinant strain was over 21-fold
higher than that of wild strain which resulted in a lower level of NADH pool and a higher level of NAD+ when
compared with the wild strain. These results suggested that a high yield of 2,3-BD could be obtained by S.
marcescens H30 with over-expression of BDH.
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Comments on the review paper on "Halophilic membrane lipids and pigments as chemotaxonomic marker in
classification of Halobacteriaceae", by Anshuman Kena P. Research Journal of BioTechnology, 3(2), 57-63 (2008)
Article

 Nov 2009

 Oren Aharon

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Uptake and breakdown of lignin, lignin derivatives and dyes by a dimorphic fungus MVI.2011
Article

 Dec 2013

 M.S. Lipin Dev

 Vaidyanathan Thankamani

MVI.2011, a highly potent alkalophilic, non sporing soil fungus was characterized in detail with respect to
utilisation of lignin and its derivatives as a major source of carbon for its growth. The fungus produced large
colonies (20-40 mm dia.) in minimal media containing 0.1 % each of lignin, its derivatives veratrol, guaicol,
veratraldehyde, aceto syringone, methoxy acetophenone and hydroxyl benzaldehyde and dyes (azur B and
phenol red) at 25-28oC in 12-18 hours varying in microscopy, colony morphology and pigmentation. MVI.2011
could metabolise lignins and dyes as carbon source in the presence of 1% glucose co substrate. In most of the
lignin substrates, the isolate showed dimorphism and pleomorphism. In liquid media containing lignins, maximum
biomass was obtained in methoxyacetophenone (48g/l) and minimum biomass in veratrol (29g/l). In substrates
giving the highest biomass, the pH remained high between 8.8 and 8.5. Veratrol producing the lowest biomass
showed a drop of pH from 8.5 to 6.8. The absorption maxima of all the products in the culture supernatant
differed from that of the respective controls indicating metabolic break down of the substrates by MVI.2011. The
18S rRNA sequence proved MVI.2011 to be a novel "uncultured fungus" with Genbank Accession number
JN606084.
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The Difference Expression Profiles of MicroRNA-206 during the Growth Process of Goat
Article

 Mar 2015

 I.Y.H. Ling
 J.P. Ding
 L.J. Wang
 [...]
 X.R. Zhang

Many miRNAs have been reported for their important roles in developmental processes in various animals but
there is limited information about goat miRNAs. In this study, the temporal and spatial expression patterns of
miR-206 in skeletal muscle (longissimus dorsi) from Anhui white goat and Boer goat were assessed using Real
time quantitative PCR (qPCR) method. In addition, the association between miR-206 expression and the muscle
development was analyzed. The expression of miR-206 has tissue and time specificity. The expression level in
longissimus dorsi muscle from 360 days goats was the highest while the expression level in neonate was the
lowest. In 180 days goats, miR-206 was abundantly expressed in muscle and heart, moderately in liver and
kidney and weakly in other collected tissues. The results indicated that miR-206 may be involved in myofibre
proliferation and differentiation and further contribute to skeletal muscle development and phenotype with
different genotypes. The present results provided the theory base for study of miR-206 function.
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Optimization of pediocin production by batch fermentation of Pediococcus acidilactici NCIM 2292 using goat meat
processing waste
Article

 Oct 2013

 B. Mandal
 Ranjana Chowdhury
 Chiranjib Bhattacharjee

Goat meat processing waste was enzymatically hydrolyzed using papain to utilize the soluble protein for the
growth of Pediococcus acidilactici NCIM 2292 producing pediocin. The suitability of different carbohydrate,
namely glucose, lactose, sucrose, maltose and fructose for biomass and bacteriocin production was also
investigated. Glucose was observed to be the most preferred carbon source. The experiments based on five-
level Central Composite Design (CCD) were conducted to study the effect of hydrolysis time of meat waste, initial
pH and initial glucose concentration on the production of biomass and pediocin. The parameters were optimized
by Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The optimum values of hydrolysis time, pH and glucose were
determined to be 13 h, 6.5 and 20 g/l respectively. The results were analyzed statistically to evaluate analysis of
variance (ANOVA). Under optimum condition, the biomass concentration and pediocin activity were measured to
be 1.22 g/l and 2285 AU/ml at the end of the exponential growth phase (18 h). Antimicrobial activity of pediocin
was assessed by well diffusion method using Staphylococcus aureus NCIM 2127 as indicator organism.
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The pomegranate peel extract ameliorates inflammation via Akt/GSK-3β and NF-κB pathway in LPS-induced RAW
264.7 cells
Article

 Feb 2018

 H.-Z. Lai
 H. Chen
 X.-L. Xin
 A.H. Akber

Pomegranate, as an astringent agent and antipyretic analgesic in China, has been used for thousands of years.
The present study aimed at examining and explaining the anti-inflammatory effect and mechanism of the
pomegranate peel extract (PGE) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 cells. PGE effectively
decreased the production of proinflammatory mediators and cytokines, significantly decreased the expression of
NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in mRNA and protein level. We also revealed that activation
of NF-κB was inhibited by PGE. Moreover, PGE did not only inhibit the degradation of IκBα and NF-κB activity
but also the phosphorylation and activation of Akt, JNK and p38 MAPK. Thus, the present study demonstrated
that PGE exerted the anti-inflammatory effects through the suppression of pro-inflammatory mediators and
cytokine production in LPS-stimulated macrophages mediated by inhibition of NF-κB activation through Akt, JNK
and p38 MAPK signaling pathways.
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Biotechnological production of citric acid using different substrates by Aspergillus niger ATCC 26550
Article

 Dec 2008

 B.I. Patagundi
 B.B. Kaliwal

Citric acid is 2-hydroxy propane 1, 2, 3-tricarboxylic acid. The citric acid production by Aspergillus niger is one of
the most important industrial microbial processes. Citric acid is commercially important product used in food,
pharmaceutical and other industries. Hence, in the present investigation citric acid production is carried out by
using agro-industrial residues such as Acasia arabica pod Dalbergia sissoo pod, Parkia biglobosa pod and
Peltophorum pterocarpum pod by Aspergillus niger ATCC 26550 by submerged fermentation. Results revealed
that Acasia arabica pod, Dalbergia sissoo pod, Parkia biglobosa pod and Peltophorum pterocarpum pod yielded
16.35 g/L, 12.00 g/L 7.10 g/L and 8.75 g/L of citric acid respectively. Acasia arabica pod showed a maximum
yield of 16.5 g/L when compared with the other substrates. Further, the maximum yielded Acasia arabica pod
which yielded maximum citric acid was further optimized for various cultural conditions such as PH 2-7,
temperature (2040°C), alcohols like methanol, glycerol, mannitol, sorbitol (1-4%) and metal ions like copper
sulphate (CuSO4), iron sulphate(FeSO4) and manganese sulphare (MnSO4) (0.05-0.20g/L) were studied. The
results also showed that maximum amount of citric acid was produced by Acasia arabica pod at pH 6.0 (18.20
g/L), temperature 30 °C (17.25 g/L), methanol 3% (18.25 g/L) and metal ion FeSO4 0.15 g/L (23.80 g/L). The
present study revealed that the Aspergillus niger ATCC 26550 using Acasia arabica pod as a substrate yielded
more citric acid when compared to other substrates indicating that it is economically more beneficial.
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Screening of patients with Gilbert's Syndrome from South India identifies UGT1A1∗28 as the most predominant
mutation in UGT1A1 gene
Article

 Apr 2018

 Dhanya Ramakrishna Iyer

 Parani Madasamy

Bilirubin is a by-product of heme degradation which needs to be conjugated to water-soluble bilirubin

glucuronides for excretion by the action of uridine diphosphate - glucuronosyltransferase. Gilbert's Syndrome
(GS) is a medical condition wherein bilirubin levels are elevated due to mutations in the uridine diphosphate-
glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 gene (UGT1A1). However, bilirubin levels are also elevated in case of liver damage
due to fatty liver, infections, haemolytic anaemia etc. While the former is harmless, the latter may require
immediate medical attention. Therefore, in cases of elevated bilirubin content, it is very important to rule out the
possibility of GS to avoid anxiety, unnecessary diagnostic tests and treatments. In the studies conducted in
Kolkata and New Delhi, the UGT1A1∗28 recessive mutation was reported to be the predominant genetic cause of
GS. However, there is no report in the South Indian population which is genetically different from the North Indian
population. In the current study, genetic testing of 11 GS patients showed that all of them had UGT1A1∗28
mutation indicating that this mutation is common in South Indian population as well. Thus, genetic testing could
be used as a screening tool for early diagnosis of GS to avoid anxiety and unnecessary clinical investigations
and to help in genetic counselling.
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 3 Recommendations

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Cell free extract of Lactobacillus acidophilus enhancing oxaliplatin antiproliferative effects in HT-29 cell line
Article

 Jun 2020

 Atieh Hashemi
 Vahid Asgary
 A. Shojaei
 [...]
 Fahimeh Baghbani‐arani

Antiproliferative effects of classical chemotherapeutics including paclitaxel, gemcitabine and cisplatin were
potentiated by probiotics in cancer cells. Moreover, many of LAB strains were shown to suppress proliferation via
inducing apoptosis of colorectal cells. Here, the capacity of Lactobacillus acidophilus bacterial extract to enhance
the antiproliferative effects of a cellular CRC model exposed to oxaliplatin was evaluated. To this end, HT-29
cells were treated for 24 h with increasing concentrations of oxaliplatin in the presence of 0.05 µg/mL of cell free
extract of L. acidophilus. A significant decrease in cell viability was observed in cells exposed to 10 µg /ml of
oxaliplatin in presence of 0.05 µg/mL of L. acidophilus extract compared with the single administration of
oxaliplatin. As compared to oxaliplatin alone (10 µg /ml), 0.05 µg/mL of L. acidophilus extract was able to
synergize the antiproliferative effects of oxaliplatin by 12.3%. No cytotoxic effect was observed in HEK cells
treated with both single and combined administration strategies. Annexin V staining showed that the synergistic
effect of the L. acidophilus bacterial extract was correlated with apoptosis. Conclusively, it is tempting to
speculate that LAB or probiotics could be used as an adjuvant to ameliorate the oxaliplatin efficiency during CRC
treatment.
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The adaptor protein MyD88 essential for EHEC induced inflammatory responses in HT-29 cells
Article

 Apr 2016

 J. Wang
 L. Qi

Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) not only represent a physical barrier to the pathogens but also participate in
immune and inflammatory responses. The immune inflammatory response of IECs plays important roles in the
intestine disease induced by Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC). The synthesis and release of the pro-
inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α were elevated by EHEC infection in HT-29 cells. EHEC infection
significantly induced the translocation of NF-κB(p65) into the nuleus and activated the NF-κB signaling pathway.
MyD88 silently and significantly inhibited NF-κB activation and pro-inflammatory cytokine production stimulated
by EHEC. EHEC could activate the inflammatory response by a MyD88-dependent signaling pathway in HT-29
cells.
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Acquired multicellular- and extra cellular matrix-mediated resistance in a three-dimensional model of HT-29 cancer
cells
Article

 Jan 2017

 L. Meiying
 F. Guanping

Here we established a three-dimensional (3D) model for HT-29 colorectal cancer cells using type I collagen as
scaffolds and further evaluated the difference of cells through the 3D model and through monolayer culture (2D)
with regards to their morphology and drug sensitivity. A couple of morphological differences were observed
between the above two types of cancer cell. The cells by the 3D model could aggregate to form cellular
spheroids and even produced microvilli on their surface whereas the cells by the 2D adhered to plate and lost
their original shape. In addition, viabilities of both cells were observed to decrease upon exposure to butyric acid
(BA) at various concentrations (2-40 mM) for 12, 24, 48 and 72 h, but the cell survival rates by 3D were
significantly higher than those by 2D at the same drug concentrations. Also after BA treatment their cell apoptosis
was investigated. Our flow cytometric analysis indicated that the cell apoptosis by 2D was extremely low at early
stage but had high rates of apoptotic and necrotic and a clear dose-dependent relationship but for the cells by 3D
was completely opposite to the result of the cells by 2D. In summary, our findings further demonstrated that the
HT-29 colon cancer cells by the 3D showed a significant drug resistance in comparison to the cells by the 2D.
Therefore, our research result showed that the 3D model can provide an effective in-vitro method to screen drugs
for colon cancer treatment. © 2017, Research Journal of BioTechnology. All rights reserved.
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 1 Recommendation

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Optimization of expression conditions for codeoptimized Arabidopsis protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit in
Escherichia coli
Article

 Feb 2018

 X. Liu

This study describes the optimization of expression conditions for code-optimized Arabidopsis protein
phosphatase 2A (PP2A) catalytic subunit in Escherichia coli. The code-optimized Arabidopsis PP2A catalytic
subunit gene was cloned by PCR and sequentially inserted into the expression vector pET22b to express the
Arabidopsis PP2A catalytic subunit in E. coli strain BL21(DE3)pLysS. SDS-PAGE and Western blot analyses
revealed that the PP2A catalytic subunit is 36 kDa in molecular weight and is bound to anti-His monoclonal
antibody. After the optimization of expression conditions, the expression yield increased from 17.43% to 20.06%
and the recombinant plasmid did not affect the growth of the host bacteria. The present findings indicated that the
Arabidopsis PP2A catalytic subunit can be produced in E. coli strain BL21(DE3)pLysS.
View

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Studies on optimization of cultural conditions and effect of media constituents on production of intracellular
penicillin V acylase from Erwinia aroideae (DSMZ 30186)
Article

 May 2008

 Kumar Atul
 Lonkar Vivek
 Pundle Archana

Penicillin V acylase (PVA) is a pharmaceutically important enzyme. Erwinia aroideae (DSMZ 30186) produced
high levels of intracellular penicillin V acylase. Amongst various carbon sources used (2.0 %); fructose,
galactose, sucrose and mannitol increased enzyme production up to 579, 544, 534 and 504 IU/g dry weight
(DW), respectively, compared to minimal media (263 IU/g DW); however maximum PVA productivity (2796IU/L)
was achieved using fructose. Ammonium ions escalated the enzyme production to 1266.9 IU/g DW; however
sodium glutamate was the best nitrogen source for overall productivity of enzyme (2045 IU/L). Cornsteep liquor
and skim milk were used as supplements; 1.0 % cornsteep liquor and 3.0 % skim milk were optimum for the
production of PVA up to 823 and 93 IU/g DW, respectively. Optimum cultural conditions for the production of PVA
from E. aroideae were standardized. Erwinia aroideae produced 1543 IU/g DW penicillin V acylase in Erlenmeyer
flasks (250 ml) containing 50 ml of minimal medium with 0.3% ammonium sulphate, pH 7.0 at 28 °C and 180 rpm
when incubated for 56 hr.
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Exploring hypoglycemic potential of Vicia faba crude seed extract in Saccharomyces cerevisiae 3187
Article

 Jul 2018

 Dhiraj Choudhary
 M. Abha
 M. Aishwarya

The aim of this investigation was to examine the hypoglycaemic potential of Vicia faba seed extract by various in
vitro methods. Vicia faba seed extracts were exploited for their effects on glucose adsorption capacity, in vitro
glucose diffusion, in vitro amylolysis kinetics and glucose transport inside the yeast cells. It was observed that
seed extracts adsorbed glucose remarkably with an increase in glucose concentration. In vitro glucose inhibition
method and in vitro amylolysis, kinetic experimental model showed the rate of glucose diffusion was increased
with time from 30 to 180 min. Ethanol and methanol seed extracts had major inhibitory effects on movement of
glucose into external solution across dialysis membrane compared to control. Seed extract also promoted
glucose uptake in yeast cells on temperature and different sugar molecules. Percent increase in glucose uptake
was dependent on both the sample, temperature, glucose concentration and sugars. FTIR and HPLC analysis
confirmed the polyphenols present in seed extract. The output of this study confirmed the hypoglycaemic activity
of the extract of Vicia faba seed. Hypoglycemic effect may due to synergistic effect of all the constituents present
in seed extract or acting separately.
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Molecular cloning and expression of 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase (3KeCs) gene in mulberry (Morus alba L.) under
abiotic stresses
Article

 Feb 2018

 Dominic Kotoka
 Z. Weiguo

A cDNA sequence coding 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase (3KeCs) gene (GeneBank accession number XM-
010114628.1) was cloned from leaves of mulberry (Morus alba L.) based on mulberry expressed sequence tags
(ESTs). Sequence analysis showed that its open reading frame (ORF) is 1413 bp encoding a protein of 470
amino acids with a predicted molecular weight and an isoelectric point (pI) of 53.42 kDa and 8.60 respectively.
The 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase had FAE1 (Type III polyketide synthase-like protein) domain with three active
binding sites and belonged to condensing enzymes superfamily. A homologous analysis showed that 3KeCs
gene was highly conserved in Morus alba and had high levels of similarity with other species like Morus Notabilis,
Glycine max and Ipomoea nil. Phylogenetic analysis based 3-ketoacyl synthase gene from various species
showed that Morus alba was closely related to Morus notabilis, Cucumis sativus, Juglans regia, Sesamum
indicum and Ipomoea nil. The quantitative PCR analysis showed that the transcriptional level of 3KeCs mRNA
had a significant change under drought, cold and salt stress conditions. The changes in the mRNA transcriptional
levels of 3-ketoacyl-CoA gene in mulberry (Morus alba L.) show that the gene is responsive to abiotic stress
conditions.
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Cr(VI) resistant and reducing profiling of Bacillus thuringiensis 407 and genomic-wide analysis of the corresponding
genes
Article

 Jan 2017

 H. Tianpei
 G. Xiong

Bioremediation of Cr(VI) by microbes provided one of ecologically valuable choices for Cr(VI) treatment. In this
study, Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) 407 exhibiting highly speedy reduction of Cr(VI) was characterized. Bt 407 can
tolerate 300 mg L⁻¹ Cr(VI) and reduced 50 mg L⁻¹ Cr(VI) after 84 h treatment. Cr(VI) at high concentrations was
apt to slow down the reduction while higher Bt cell concentrations conferred better reduction rates. In addition,
the reduction was under the influence of pH, temperature and other toxic metals and was glucose-dependent.
Under optimum conditions, reduction of 200 mg L⁻¹ Cr(VI) after treatment of 96 h was 9.25 times what it was
before optimum. Since total Cr was nearly identical throughout the period, our data indicated that the principal
removal mechanism was Cr(VI) reduction by Bt 407, but not adsorption. Based on genomic-wide analysis, Bt 407
harbored putative Cr(VI) reduction genes which are likely to be in charge of the rapid reduction of chromate. A
putative chromate transporter ChrA with chromate resistance was also detected. Since Bt is safe to environment
with the merits of strong Cr(VI) reduction capacity, Bt 407 would significantly improve Cr(VI) bioremediation.
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A Conformational Study of GM1 headgroup with amyloid beta(1-42) protein to identify the molecular specificity and
interactions in Alzheimer's disease
Article

 Dec 2014

 Shine Devarajan
 D. Jeya Sundara Sharmila

Amyloid beta protein (Aβ) aggregation is the hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. Recent accumulating evidence
suggested that a unique complex, monosialo ganglioside (GM1)-bound Aβ possesses a high potential to facilitate
this protein assembly. This interaction is pre-requisite for the initial recognition and further progression of beta
amyloid aggregation in neuron cells. However there are no defined molecular interactions that lead to
conformational changes between beta amyloid (Aβ1-42) protein and the GM1 headgroup. Moreover, the sialic
acid moiety in headgroup plays a major role in molecular recognition. In order to study an atomic level
conformational basis of this particular complex, we conducted an all atom molecular dynamics simulation of beta
amyloid (Aβ1- 42) peptide with monosialo ganglioside headgroup in solvent system. Our MD simulation revealed
that upon binding of GM1 to the peptide leads to the alteration in the α-helix backbone especially at the C-
terminal. The complex was stabilized by a network of hydrogen bonds. However, the amino acids His13, Leu17
and Phe20 play a major role in determining the interactions and stability with GM1. Thus, our conformational
analysis helps to identify the structural alterations and interacting points on amyloid beta protein by GM1
headgroup.
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Media Optimization for the production of cephalosporin C acylase from a novel bacterial source: Alcaligenes
xylosoxidans MTCC*491
Article

 Feb 2008
  Nupura Hirve
 A. Tingare
 Sharath Balakrishna
 Asmita Prabhune

The Gram-negative bacterium Alcaligenes xylosoxidans MTCC *491 has been studied for the production of
cephalosporin C acylase (CCA), a pharmaceutically important enzyme. The enzyme hydrolyses cephalosporin C
(CPC), a natural product, to 7-aminocephalosporanic acid, a key intermediate in the production of semisynthetic
cephalosporin antibiotics. Effect of medium, pH, temperature, carbon source, nitrogen source and incubation
time, on the production of CCA was studied. 7.7 IU/ ml activity was obtained when Luria Bertani broth (LB) was
used as a fermentation medium. Glucose and galactose increased the enzyme activity by 9 % and 22 %, while all
the nitrogen sources tested showed a repressive effect. Maximum CCA activity was observed around the 5th day
of incubation indicating potential role of CCA in secondary metabolism. pH 8.0 and 40° C were found to be the
optimum conditions for acylase activity.
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Purification and Biochemical Characterization of Alpha Amylase from Bacillus sp. (NCIM 5250)
Article

 Nov 2009

 Bhide Shobhana
 Meenakshi Chandramouli
 Suresh Karupothula
 Sabharwal Sushma

Bacillus species NCIM 5250, an isolate from soil was found to produce extracellular alpha amylase. The culture
was grown using enhancement medium containing starch (1%) under optimum conditions of pH and
temperature. Extracellular alpha amylase was purified to homogeneity by ion exchange chromatography followed
by gel filtration chromatography. The absolute molecular mass of the enzyme was found to be 66.7 kDa by
MALDI-TOF and 68.3kDa Laser light scattering technique. The optimum pH and temperature for the enzyme
were 6.9 and 42 °C respectively. Km and Vmax of the enzyme were found to be 2.22mg/ml and
0.357mg/ml/10min respectively. The enzyme was found to be a metalloprotein containing one mole of
calcium/mole of protein.
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Detection of Alpha - Amylase Producing Bacteria (Bacillus sp. 5250) from soil: Isolation and Optimization of Various
Conditions of Growth
Article

 Feb 2009

 M. Chandramouli
 N. Kumar
 V. Ambekar
 [...]
 S. Sabharwal

Soil sample from Hadapsar, Pune was collected and amylase producing bacteria was isolated. The culture has
demonstrated the ability to inductively produce amylase. The bacterial culture is able to grow in relatively higher
temperature and tolerate a wide pH range. The growth pattern of the bacteria was studied at various stress
conditions. The ability to produce amylase in presence of different carbon and nitrogen sources has been
assessed. Starch and maltose are the only carbon sources that have effectively induced the bacteria to produce
amylase whereas other sugars such as glucose, sucrose, lactose were found to suppress the production of the
same. Media containing yeast extract and peptone together with carbon source was found to be optimal for
production of amylase by the bacteria. The study of the nitrogen source such as ammonium chloride, potassium
nitrate on production of amylase showed varied response on the growth of bacteria. The pure culture of the
bacteria has been deposited at the NCIM depository and strain number has been obtained. The characterization
of the pure culture was done and the bacterium was found to be Bacillus sp. Also effect of antibiotics and drugs
on the bacteria was assessed.
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Expand abstract
Comparative evaluation of immobilization of lipase from Bacillus subtilis AKL13 on celite-545 and chicken egg shell
powder and its catalytic property in ethyl ferulate synthesis
Article

 Oct 2017

 Karthikumar Sankar
 Anant Achary

In the present study, lipase from Bacillus subtilis AKL13 (BsL) was produced and immobilized on Celite-545 (CE)
and eggshell powder (ESP) at various immobilization process conditions. The optimum condition for the
immobilization process was found to be 0.5mg.ml⁻¹ of initial enzyme load, pH 7.5 and 50mM of phosphate buffer.
The maximum enzyme load (qmax) and specific activity were found to be 41.8±0.7 mg.g⁻¹ of support and 425±19
U/mg of protein respectively for celite 545 where as in eggshell powder, it was 45.4±0.6 mg.g⁻¹ and 353±32
U.mg⁻¹ respectively. The adsorption isotherm curve for both the matrix followed Freundlich isotherm with R²
0.993. The high intra particle diffusion kinetic constant (Kid 5.9) was determined in ESP whereas CE showed 3.5.
The thermal stability and organic solvent stability of the free enzyme increased upon immobilization. The lipase
immobilized on eggshell powder showed enhanced catalytic activity in the esterification of ferulic acid and
ethanol towards the ethyl ferulate synthesis. The GC-MS and RP-HPLC chromatogram confirmed the formation
of ethyl ferulate. Hence it was concluded that the low-cost bio-ceramic, chicken eggshell powder could be an
ideal solid support than the commercial Celite 545 for lipase immobilization.
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Molecular cloning of T5hα gene in pTZ 57R/T vectors
Article

 Feb 2008

 S.Md. Abdulla
 Rabbani Syed
 Gowhar Shafi
 Kaiser Jamil

Taxadiene5α hydroxylase (T5hα) of Cytochrome P450 family causes the conversion of taxa-4(5), 11(12)-diene to
taxa-4(20), 11(12)-diene-5 α-ol which is the first oxygenation step and the third specific step of taxol biosynthetic
pathway -a central feature in taxol biosynthesis. A PCR based differential display cloning approach was used to
enhance the production of taxol from the Yew (Taxus brevifolia). Total RNA was extracted from the leaves of T
brevifolia and it was reverse transcribed into cDNA followed by PCR amplification. The annealing temperature of
RT PCR was obtained by performing Gradient PCR. PCR amplified gene product was electophoresed in 2%
agarose gel and it was purified using the Quiazen gel elution kit. The purified T5hα gene was then cloned into a
pTZ57R/T vectors with the T4 DNA ligase and the recombinant vectors were transformed into the competent E.
coli DH5α cells. The cloning of T5hα gene was confirmed by restriction digestion analysis with EcoRI and Hind III
and the transformation of vectors were confirmed by the blue-white screening. This study successfully describes
the cloning of T5hα gene into pTZ57R/T vectors and the transformation of T5hα cloned recombinant vectors in
competent E. coli DH5α cells for application in taxol production.
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Genetic diversity of foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.) from main Asian habitats based on the rRNA 5S region
Article

 Nov 2014

 C.-W. Jin
 S.-L. Zheng
 Y.-L. Sun
 [...]
 S.-K. Hong

Foxtail millet [Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv.] is a crop of historical importance in some Asian and European
countries. In this study, we selected the ribosomal RNA (rRNA) 5S region as the DNA marker to analyze genetic
diversity and relationships of 20 foxtail millet strains collected from three representative Asian countries including
China, Korea and Pakistan. According to the result of sequence alignment, strains were grouped clearly with the
relevant of collected geographical region. Based on the sequence similarity and nucleotide variation, strains
collected from China were grouped into two, Main China Group 1 (MCG1) and MCG2, strains collected from
Korea were grouped into two, Main Korea Group 1 (MKG1) and MKG2 and strains from Pakistan were found to
be close to MCG, considered to be originally transmitted from China and spread to Pakistan. Among strains from
Korea, K1, K2, K5 and K10 forming MKG1 showed nearer phylogenetic relationship to MCG, considered as
Chinese populations, but because of long-time environmental evolution and adaptation, MKG1 showed obvious
divergence with MCG. In addition, K3 showing high similarity with Chinese strains and grouped into MCG2 was
also considered as Chinese population. All strains from China showed relatively near phylogenetic relationship
with each other, supporting the statement that China is one of origin areas.
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High temperature induced alterations in thylakoid membrane photofunctions of cyanobacterium Synechococcus 6301
Article

 Feb 2010

 P. Kiran Mayi

In the present study the effect of high temperature has been studied on the thylakoid photochemical activity. The
results clearly indicated that high temperature caused inhibition of photosystem II and photosystem I catalyzed
electron transport activities in thylakoids of Synechococcus 6301. The reason for the inhibition of photosystem II
activity is alteration at the level of water oxidation complex and the reason for the loss of photosystem I activity
may be attributed to the changes at the level of reaction center, P 7(x). Thus high temperature has various target
sites in photosynthetic electron transport system of Synechococcus 6301.
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Recognition of bifunctional aptamers for SMMC-7721 and Bel-7404 liver carcinoma cells
Article

 Jan 2019

 Z. Shihua

Developing bifunctional aptamers for human hepatic carcinoma (HCC) cells of SMMC-7721 and Bel-7404 with
high affinity and specificity is important in early diagnosis and advanced targeted therapies for HCC. This study is
a report on pattern recognition models for bifunctional aptamers possessing wide variety of applications. Three
molecular descriptors used for the classification model were calculated from amino acid sequences that are
translated from DNA aptamer sequences with DNAMAN software. The classification model is a logical regression
equation developed by applying binary logical regression analysis from the training set of 178 aptamer
sequences. Then the model was validated with the test set of 89 aptamer sequences. The classification model
has prediction accuracies, sensitivity and specificity for both training set and test set over 90%. Therefore, it is
feasible to calculate molecular descriptors from amino acid sequence translated from DNA aptamer sequences in
order to develop pattern recognition model for bifunctional aptamers of HCC SMMC-7721 and HCC Bel-7404.
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Isolation of a Novel Bacteria Bacillus pantothenticus 8063, Capable of Natural Rubber Latex Degradation
Article

 May 2010

 Cherian Elizabeth
 K. Jayachandran

In an attempt to select a potent rubber degrading strain, several bacterial strains were isolated. After the primary
screening, the selected 50 strains were identified of which the dominant strains were Pseudomonas sp. and
Bacillus sp. The bacterial strains were subjected to grow on mineral salt latex medium as well as mineral salt
latex agar medium. Of these, the bacterial isolate Bacillus pantothenticus could grow well on the agar medium,
was also found to reduce the latex content of the mineral salt latex medium considerably. Scanning Electron
Micrographs of the rubber surface proved its ability to grow on latex. This organism was selected for further
studies in the biodegradation of natural rubber latex.
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Cloning and Expression of Heat Shock Protein 90 Gene from the Diapausing Larvae of the Rice Stem Borer, Chilo
Suppressalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) exposed to Temperature Stress
Article

 Nov 2010

 C.-K. Qiang
 Yu-Zhou Du
 L.-Y. Yu
 [...]
 B.-Y. Zhou

The rice stem borer, Chilo suppressalis Walker, is an economically important pest distributed in rice producing
regions of China. To understand its molecular adaptation, the authors cloned the cDNA sequence of CcsHsp90
which is essential for dealing with many environmental stresses in all organisms and measured the mRNA
expression in the diapausing larvae exposed to temperature stress. The results showed that CcsHsp90
(GenBank accession no. FJ866608) is potentially encoded to 312 amino acids with calculated molecular weight
of 35.59KDa and the theoretical isoeletric point of 4.72. The deduced amino acid sequence of CcsHsp90 is
displayed over 80% of the degree of conservation to other Lepidopteran insects. The relative mRNA expression
levels of CcsHsp90 in the diapausing larvae which were exposed to different temperatures from 28 °C (CK) to
-14 °C with a gradient of 7 °C for 4h increased first and decreased later and peaked at O "C. Then the larvae
were exposed to O 7deg;C for 0-8h, the change of the levels was the same as the above and peaked at 4h
treatment. Therefore, it could be concluded that O °C for 4h treatment might induce the maximal expression of
CcsHsp90 in the diapausing larvae of the rice stem borer.
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Extraction and Separation Studies of U(VI) from Salicylate Media using Neutral Organophosphorous Extractant,
Cyanex-923 in Toluene
Article

 May 2011

 Snehal M. Ghag
 Suresh D. Pawar

The neutral extradant, Cyanex-923 has been used for the extraction and separation of U(VI) from sodium
salicylate media. The metal ion was found to be quantitatively extracted with Cyanex-923 in toluene at pH 5.0
and from the organic phase it can be stripped with 4.0M H2SO4 solution. The effect of pH, sodium salicylate
concentration, reagent concentration, equilibration period, diluents, diverse ions and stripping agent on the
extraction of U(VI) has been studied. The stoichiometry of the extracted species of this metal ion was determined
on the basis of the slope analysis method. The reaction proceeded by solvation and the probable extracted
species found were UO2(HSal)2. 2 Cyanex-923.
View

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Molecular Cloning, Sequence Characterization and Gene Expression Profile of a Novel Water Buffalo (Bubalus
bubalis) Gene: Annexin A9 Gene (ANXA9)
Article

 Nov 2013

 Song Shen
 Huo Jinlong
 Miao Yongwang

The complete coding sequence (CDS) of water buffalo Annexin A9 (ANXA9) was amplified and identified using
the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) based on the conserved sequence information of
cattle or the expressed sequence tags (ESTs) of other Bovidae species. Sequence analysis revealed that the
CDS of water buffalo ANXA9 encodes an enzyme of 345 amino acid residues with a deduced molecular weight
of 38.45 kDa and a PI of 8.74. The deduced amino acid sequence of water buffalo ANXA9 shares 98, 83, 86.4,
76.5, 77, 82, 83.8 and 45.7% identity with its homologous sequences of cattle, horse, pig, mouse, rat,
chimpanzee, human, African clawed frog respectively. The phylogenetic tree analysis based on the CDS of
ANXA9 gene showed that water buffalo has a closer genetic relationship with cattle than with other species. The
ANXA9 was widely expressed in the buffalo tissues examined, being high in the pituitary gland, muscle and
brain; moderate in the heart, spleen, liver, mammary gland and lung; weakly expressed in the small intestines
and skin and not expressed in the adipose tissue and stomach. The results of the present study will establish a
foundation for further insights into this novel water buffalo gene.
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A method to suppress the browning in banana (Musa, AAA) embryogenic callus induced
Article

 Apr 2013

 S. Chang
 H. Shu

Establishing a stable and homogeneous embryogenic cell suspension (ECS) is the prerequisite for
biotechnological breeding of banana. Inducing embryogenic callus is the key step for establishing an ECS. But
explants were often browning and necrotic when they were induced that decreased the possibility for getting ECS
and much more labor has to be paid. In this paper, we found that browning rate of flowers cultured on 1/2 MS or
1/3 MS was lower than that of those cultured on MS basal medium. Neither activated charcoal nor pH had
significant effects on decreasing flowers' browning. Flowers cultured on medium containing DTT or Na2S2O3 did
not show clear superiority to those cultured on control medium. Ascorbic acid combined with 1/2 MS or 1/3 MS
had much better effects than other media in controlling flowers' browning. No flowers cultured on these two
media were browning and necrotic after being cultured one month. But if the dose of ascorbic acid was higher
than 50 mg/L, the flowers developed slower than control. 30 mg/L of ascorbic acid was the descent
concentration.
View

Expand abstract
1

Data provided are for informational purposes only. Although carefully collected, accuracy cannot be guaranteed.

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