1st year (Physics) Syllabus: Ch # 11 T # 10 Time: 1:10 min Marks: 40 Date: 05-05-2021

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Q # 1: Encircle the correct answer. (10x1=10)

1. KMT suggests the average energy per molecule at temperature T is:
1 3
(a) 2 𝑘𝑇 (b) 2 𝑘𝑇 (c) 𝑘𝑇 (d) 2𝑘𝑇
2. Boltzmann constant is:
(a) 8.314 × 1023 𝐽𝑚𝑜𝑙 −1 𝐾 −1 (b) 8.314 × 10−23 𝐽𝑚𝑜𝑙 −1 𝐾 −1
(c) 1.38 × 10−23 𝐽𝐾 −1 (d) 6.023 × 1023 𝐽𝐾 −1
3. Internal energy is similar to the:
(a) Elastic P.E (b) Gravitational P.E (c) K.E (d) All of these
4. A diatomic gas molecule has:
(a) Rotational energy (b) Vibrational energy
(c) Translational energy (d) All
5. The expression of 1st law of thermodynamic for isothermal process is:
(a) Q = U (b) U = W (c) Q = W (d) None of these
6. First law of thermodynamics is in accordance with:
(a) Law of conservation of mass (b) Law of conservation of energy
(c) Law of conservation of momentum (d) None
𝟓𝑹
7. For a gas, 𝑪𝒑 = 𝟑 , than 𝑪𝒗 for this gas will be:
3⁄ (b) 3𝑅⁄2 (c) 2𝑅⁄3 (d) 𝑅⁄3
2𝑅
8.  is the ratio of the molar specific heat capacities of the gas and is equal to:
𝐶 𝐶
(a) 𝑝⁄𝐶 (b) 𝑣⁄𝐶 (c) 𝐶𝑝 𝐶𝑣 (d) R
𝑣 𝑝
9. Charles’ law states that the volume of a given mass of a gas:
(a) Directly proportional to pressure (b) Directly proportional to temperature
(c) Proportional to density (d) Inversely proportional to temperature
10. For Carnot engine, Carnot cycle is:
(a) Irreversible (b) Reversible (c) Isothermal (d) Adiabatic

Q # 2: Write short answers (11x2=22)

1. Why is the average velocity of the molecules of a gas zero but the average of square of velocities is not
zero?
2. What is average translational kinetic energy of molecules in a gas at temperature 27°C?
3. State first law of thermodynamics.
4. What do you mean by a cyclic process?
5. Specific heat of a gas at constant pressure is greater than specific heat at constant volume. Why?
6. Drive relation for Charle’s law by kinetic theory of gases.
7. Why adiabat is steeper than isotherm?
8. Define isothermal process.
9. Define Internal energy.
10. What will be efficiency of cannot engine when temp of sink is -273° C?

Q # 3: Long Question. (05+03=08)

a) State Carnot’s theorem. Explain its working and derive expression for efficiency of Carnot engine.
b) A sample of gas is compressed to one half of its initial volume at constant pressure of 1.25 x 10 5 Nm-2.
During the compressions, 100 J of work is done on the gas. Determine the final volume of gas.

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